Jump to content

General Motors do Brasil: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Tags: Undo references removed
No edit summary
 
(43 intermediate revisions by 20 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{pp-pc|small=yes}}
{{Refimprove|date=February 2022}}{{Cleanup rewrite|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = General Motors do Brasil Ltda.<ref name="Ebr">{{cite web|url=http://exame.abril.com.br/negocios/melhores-e-maiores/empresas/ficha/gm/2012|title=Ficha General Motors|trans-title=General Motors data sheet|language=pt
| name = General Motors do Brasil Ltda.<ref name="Ebr">{{cite web|url=http://exame.abril.com.br/negocios/melhores-e-maiores/empresas/ficha/gm/2012|title=Ficha General Motors|trans-title=General Motors data sheet|language=pt|work=exame.abril.com|publisher=[[Exame (magazine)|Exame]]|access-date=8 November 2013|archive-date=20 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920190105/http://exame.abril.com.br/negocios/melhores-e-maiores/empresas/ficha/gm/2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| logo = General_motors_logo_with_wordmark.svg
|work = exame.abril.com|publisher=[[Exame (magazine)|Exame]]|access-date=8 November 2013|archive-date=20 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920190105/http://exame.abril.com.br/negocios/melhores-e-maiores/empresas/ficha/gm/2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
⚫
| logo_size = 200
| logo = General Motors (2021).svg
⚫
| type = Wholly owned [[subsidiary]]
⚫
| logo_size = 120
⚫
| foundation = {{start date and age|df=yes|1925}}
⚫
| type = Wholly owned [[subsidiary]]
⚫
| location_city = [[São Caetano do Sul]]
| company_slogan =
⚫
| location_country = Brazil
⚫
| foundation = 1925
| location =
⚫
| location_city = [[São Caetano do Sul]]
⚫
| key_people = Santiago Chamorro, ([[CEO]])
⚫
| location_country = Brazil
| location =
| num_employees =
| industry = [[automotive industry|Automotive]]
⚫
| key_people = Santiago Chamorro, ([[CEO]]) since 2021
| products = [[car|Automobiles]], [[pickup truck|pickups]]
| num_employees =
| industry = [[Automotive]]
| parent = [[General Motors]]
| subsid =
| products = [[Cars]]<br>[[Engine]]s
| parent = [[General Motors]]
| brands = [[Chevrolet]]
| revenue = {{decrease}} {{USD|7.31 billion|link=yes}}<ref name="Ebr"/> (2012)
| revenue = {{decrease}} {{USD|7.31 billion|link=yes}}<ref name="Ebr"/> (2012)
| net_income =
| net_income =
| homepage = {{url|https://www.chevrolet.com.br/|chevrolet.com.br}} (Please see at Vehicles, the current models produced)
| homepage = {{url|https://www.chevrolet.com.br/|chevrolet.com.br}}
}}
}}
'''General Motors do Brasil''' is the largest [[subsidiary]] of [[General Motors]] in [[South America]], one of the oldest and largest car producers in [[Brazil]].
⚫
[[File:Inauguração da Fábrica da General Motors em São José dos Campos (SP) pelo Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek.tif|thumb|260px|Inauguration of the General Motors Plant in São José dos Campos (SP) by President Juscelino Kubitschek]] [[File:ChevroletS10-Carilo-06280.jpg|thumb|260px|Brazilian [[Chevrolet S-10]]]]
⚫
'''General Motors do Brasil''' is the largest [[subsidiary]] of General Motors in [[South America]], and the oldest car producer in Brazil and one of largest operation outside the [[United States]]. Since foundation in 1925 at the historic district of [[Ipiranga (district of São Paulo)|Ipiranga]], [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]], the company assembled cars using imported parts from the United States, it has {{Sum|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|-1925}} years of operation in Brazil.


⚫
Founded in 1925 and initially located in the historic district of [[Ipiranga (district of São Paulo)|Ipiranga]], [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]], the company assembled cars using imported parts from the [[United States]].
⚫
==History==
First, it operated in rented houses, located in a historic district, only assembling cars using parts imported from the United States. After five years, GMB officially opened in 1930 its first factory in [[São Caetano do Sul]] – São Paulo, where it has also the Engineering and Design Research Departments too at Centro Tecnológico Av. Goiás 2805.


⚫
== History ==
⚫
In 1958 a second factory was opened [[São José dos Campos]] – São Paulo, officially inaugurated a year later by the [[President (government title)|President]] [[Juscelino Kubitschek]] for Die-casting and other cars assemblies.
⚫
[[File:Inauguração da Fábrica da General Motors em São José dos Campos (SP) pelo Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek.tif|thumb|left|180px|Inauguration of the General Motors Plant in São José dos Campos (SP) by President Juscelino Kubitschek, 1959]]
Initially operating in a rented warehouse, GM do Brasil opened its first plant in 1930 in [[São Caetano do Sul]], São Paulo.


⚫
In 1958, a second factory was opened in [[São José dos Campos]], officially inaugurated a year later by [[Juscelino Kubitschek]], the [[President of Brasil]] at the time, for [[die casting]] and other cars assemblies.
General Motors do Brasil, local known as GMB, launched in 1968 the first car of its Chevrolet brand in the country, the [[Chevrolet Opala|Opala]] from [[Opel]] under same holding, which closed its life cycle after 24 years, with more than 1 million units sold. Since then, GMB only produced under marks as [[Chevrolet]] on cars. most from Opel as Derivatives from 1968 until 2005, and Trucks and [[GMC (automobile)|GMC]] on Trucks, for a short period. In 1973 launched the [[Chevrolet Chevette|Chevette]], which has accumulated sales exceeding 1.2 million units, replaced by the [[Chevrolet Corsa|Corsa]] in 1994, the first vehicle popular with electronic fuel injection. [[Chevrolet Meriva]], [[Chevrolet Kadett]], [[Opel Ascona|Chevrolet Monza]], [[Chevrolet Zafira]] among others were Opel transfers from [[Rüsselsheim]], Germany.


GM introduced its first car in the country, the [[Chevrolet Opala]], in 1968.
After, it made a test track near [[Indaiatuba]], interior of S.Paulo state.


In 1973, GM launched the [[Chevrolet Chevette]], which has accumulated sales exceeding 1.2 million units. It was replaced by the [[Opel Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa]] in 1994, the first [[economy car]] with electronic fuel injection in Brazil, after tests were conducted near [[Indaiatuba]].
Some Products came from [[Holden]] in Australia.


From 1968 until 2005, GM used [[Opel]]-developed cars badged as "Chevrolet".
Until 2010 the Brazilian Design had Huge Influence on Products.


In July 2000 launched the ''Industrial Complex of [[Gravataí]]'' in [[Rio Grande do Sul]], one of the world's most modern factories, to produce the [[Chevrolet Celta|Celta]]. The Celta was also the pioneer in the [[Brazil]]ian market in the area of electronic commerce, a derivative low cost from Corsa. During his project time, it was known as Blue-Macaw. In front of Gravataí factory main entrance has then an [[Macaw]] statue symbolizing.
In July 2000 launched the Industrial Complex of [[Gravataí]] in [[Rio Grande do Sul]], one of the world's most modern factories.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 26, 2015|title=GM do Brasil começou suas atividades em 1925, em um galpão no bairro paulistano do Ipiranga|url=http://media.gm.com/Pages/news/br/pt/2015/jan/0126-1925.html|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=GM Media}}</ref>


After Globalization and selling of Opel to PSA, today [[Stellantis]], most Designs came ready from [[Warren]], GM Headquarters, and also Pick-Up, or from Saic-GM in Shanghai, China, for example the developed Chevrolet Onix. Cars like [[Chevrolet Agile]], was own brazilian model, at the Interface between losing Opel and today Days.
After globalisation and selling of [[Opel]] to [[Peugeot|PSA and after Stellantis]], vehicles like the [[Chevrolet Onix|Onix]] were made from project designed and imported from [[SAIC-GM|Saic-GM]] in Shanghai, China. Most designs came ready from Warren, mainly pickup trucks. Other brazilian own projects cars were the [[Chevrolet Agile]], still based on Corsa Platform, [[Chevrolet Meriva]], [[Opel Kadett|Chevrolet Kadett]], [[Opel Ascona|Chevrolet Monza]] and [[Chevrolet Zafira]], those from Opel projects, among others brazilian own studies.


In 2005, GM do Brasil sold a total of 365,259 vehicles, 21.3% of the Brazilian market. The percentage was 22.6% in the SUV and commercial segment. The company's total production reached 559,345 units when counting exports.
In 2005, GM of Brazil in the Brazilian market sold a total of 365,259 vehicles, with a participation of 21.3 % in Brazilian market. In specific segments in which it produces vehicles, SUV's, utilities and commercial light, their participation was a little higher, from 22.6 %. The company's total production reached 559,345 units, considering the vehicles ready for the domestic market and exports and also the vehicles "CKD" (completely knocked down).However the Selling declined and participation in market in not better than 7th position in local ranking. Exports of GM of Brazil in 2005 represented new record, reaching a value of [[US$]] 1.6 billion, for the shipment of 114,994 units in "CKD" and 125,678 vehicles ready for some 40 countries around the world. The main market in the area of exports was Mexico, followed by Argentina, Venezuela, South Africa and other Latin American countries.


In 2005, exports reached a value of [[US$]] 1.6 billion, for the shipment of 114,994 [[Knock-down kit|complete knock-down]] (CKD) units and 125,678 vehicles exported to some 40 countries around the world. The main market for exports was [[Mexico]], followed by [[Argentina]], [[Venezuela]], [[South Africa]] and other Latin American countries.
Most [[gasoline]] powered vehicles in the Brazilian Chevrolet are [[flexfuel]], capable of operating on 100 % gasoline, 100% [[ethanol]] or any blend of the two.


In the social area, the GM of Brazil focused activities through the [[General Motors Institute]], which was created in 1993, its mission is to rescue the citizenship of children, youths and adults from poor communities, which are located especially close to industrial plants of the company. Its shares are primarily in education. The Company has other social activities in own Clubs, for example, the one in S. Caetano with former Tennis Courts, Pools, Restaurants and other amenities was dissolved, sold, and now a Sonda Supermarket. Another two are in S. José dos Campos, more interactive with Forest, called ''Clube de Campo''.
In the social area, GM do Brasil focused activities through the [[General Motors Institute]], created in 1993, its mission is to rescue the citizenship of children, youths and adults from poor communities, which are located especially close to industrial plants of the company. Its shares are primarily in education.


In 2019, GM do Brasil sold 475,684 vehicles, an increase of 10% over the previous calendar year, surpassing China in sales. The last time sales exceed the Asian country was 2013, when GM sold 643,100 units in Brazil.<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 6, 2020|title=Brazil Is Chevrolet’s Second-Largest Market Again|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/02/brazil-is-chevrolets-second-largest-market-again/|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=GM Authority}}</ref>
General Motors is a Market Leader in the [[Telematic]] field.


In 2021, a huge investment of {{BRLConvert|10|b|year=}} was made to improve manufacturing in São Paulo. The investment was first announced in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 5, 2021|title=Chevrolet fecha 2020 na liderança e GM anuncia retorno dos investimentos|url=http://media.gm.com/media/br/pt/chevrolet/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/br/pt/2021/jan/0105-chevrolet.html|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=GM Media|language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=January 5, 2021|title=General Motors anuncia investimento de R$ 10 bilhões para a produção da nova Chevrolet Spin e outros carros|url=https://autoesporte.globo.com/mercado/noticia/2021/01/general-motors-anuncia-investimento-de-r-10-bilhoes-para-a-producao-da-nova-chevrolet-spin-e-outros-carros.ghtml|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=AutoEsporte|language=pt-br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=January 5, 2021|title=Chevrolet retoma investimentos no Brasil; novas Montana e Spin estão no plano|url=https://motor1.uol.com.br/news/464397/chevrolet-investimento-sao-paulo-veiculos-ineditos/|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=Motor1|language=pt-br}}</ref> Despite this, sales dropped 28.5% to 242,108 vehicles.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 15, 2022|title=Chevrolet Brazil Sales Down 20 Percent In December 2021|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2022/01/chevrolet-brazil-sales-numbers-figures-results-december-2021/|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=GM Authority}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=January 6, 2022|title=Fiat ultrapassa Chevrolet e fecha 2021 como a marca mais vendida|url=https://motor1.uol.com.br/news/559136/vendas-brasil-2021-marcas-resultado/|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=Motor1|language=pt-br}}</ref>
2015 was the year GMB sold most vehicles in Brazil.


In December 2021, GM South America announced to hire around 250 engineers from various specialties to work mainly in the areas of the São Caetano do Sul Technological Centre, such as bodywork and structure, exterior, interior, chassis, engine, transmission, electronics, controllers, software and virtual simulation.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 19, 2021|title=GM amplia centro de pesquisa e desenvolvimento da América do Sul|url=http://media.gm.com/media/br/pt/chevrolet/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/br/pt/2021/nov/1119-gm.html|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=GM Media|language=pt}}</ref> At 2023 1100 Employees were dismissed. From 2024 to 2028, an investment plan of R$7 billion or US$1.4 billion is ongoing, US$350 million per year, with subside of Brazilian President, in order to review and update the models tooling products.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 27, 2020|title=GM faz 95 anos e se prepara para produzir modelo inédito no país|url=http://media.gm.com/media/br/pt/chevrolet/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/br/pt/2020/jan/0127-95years.html|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=GM Media|language=pt}}</ref>
On 2021 a huge Investment of some US$ 2 Billions were invested to update the manufacturing process with robots, mainly for introducing the Pick Up Montana, also developed in South Korea. On December 2021, it was announced, GM South America could hire around 250 engineers of several specialties, bodywork and structure, exterior, interior, chassis, engine, transmission, electronics, controllers, software and virtual simulation, to work mainly in the areas of the São Caetano do Sul Technological Centre.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2021/12/gm-expands-its-product-engineering-capabilities-in-south-america/|title=GM Expands Its Product Engineering Capabilities in South America|date=3 December 2021}}</ref> As of January 2022, it is first positioned in Brazilian Cars' Production Ranking Delivery.


== Products ==
==Current Local Production==
{{See also|Automotive industry in Brazil}}
*[[Chevrolet Onix]] (Sedan and Hatchback)
*[[Chevrolet Montana]] (Pick Up)
All of them under the [[Chevrolet]] brand:
=== Locally produced===
⚫
*[[Chevrolet Spin]] (Wagon)
*[[Chevrolet Colorado|Chevrolet S-10]] (Pick Up)
*[[Chevrolet Onix|Onix]]
*[[Chevrolet Montana|Montana]]
⚫
*[[Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#Second generation (RG; 2011)|Chevrolet TrailBlazer]] (SUV)
*[[Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]] (SUV)
*[[Chevrolet Spin|Spin]]
*[[Chevrolet Colorado|S10]]
*[[Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Tracker]]
⚫
*[[Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#Second generation (RG; 2011)|TrailBlazer]] (since 2012)
<gallery>
File:Chevrolet Onix 011.jpg|Chevrolet Onix
File:2023 Chevrolet Montana Premier (Brazil) front view 02.jpg|Chevrolet Montana
File:2019 Chevrolet Spin (Arequipa, Perú).jpg|Chevrolet Spin
File:ChevroletS10-Carilo-06280.jpg|Chevrolet S10
File:2019 Chevrolet Tracker 004.jpg|Chevrolet Tracker
File:Chevrolet TrailBlazer 003.jpg|Chevrolet TrailBlazer
</gallery>


==Imported==
=== Imported ===
⚫
*[[Chevrolet Blazer EV]]
*[[Chevrolet Bolt EV]] – From the [[United States|USA]] (on Hold, due Chip Shortage, but listed)
*[[Chevrolet Cruze]] second generation (sedan and hatchback) – From [[Argentina]]
*[[Chevrolet Bolt EV|Bolt EV]] (on hold, due to chip shortage) – From the [[United States|USA]]
*[[Chevrolet Equinox|Equinox]] – From [[Mexico]]
*[[Chevrolet Camaro (sixth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (coupé and convertible) – From the [[United States|USA]] (discontinued, but listed, due new development of Sedan)
*[[Chevrolet Equinox]] second generation – From [[Mexico]]
*[[Chevrolet Silverado|Silverado]]
<gallery>
File:Chevrolet Camaro, front.jpg|Chevrolet Camaro
File:Chevrolet Equinox III facelift 001.jpg|Chevrolet Equinox
File:Chevrolet Bolt.jpg|Chevrolet Bolt
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
Line 75: Line 89:
{{General Motors}}
{{General Motors}}
{{Automotive industry in Brazil}}
{{Automotive industry in Brazil}}

[[Category:Car manufacturers of Brazil]]
[[Category:Car manufacturers of Brazil]]
[[Category:General Motors subsidiaries|Brazil]]
[[Category:General Motors subsidiaries|Brazil]]
[[Category:Brazilian subsidiaries of foreign companies]]
[[Category:Brazilian subsidiaries of foreign companies]]
[[Category:Automotive industry in Brazil]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in São Paulo]]

Latest revision as of 12:12, 27 September 2024

General Motors do Brasil Ltda.[1]
Company typeWholly owned subsidiary
IndustryAutomotive
Founded1925; 100 years ago (1925)
Headquarters
São Caetano do Sul
,
Brazil
Key people
Santiago Chamorro, (CEO)
ProductsAutomobiles, pickups
BrandsChevrolet
RevenueDecrease US$7.31 billion[1] (2012)
ParentGeneral Motors
Websitechevrolet.com.br

General Motors do Brasil is the largest subsidiary of General Motors in South America, one of the oldest and largest car producers in Brazil.

Founded in 1925 and initially located in the historic district of Ipiranga, São Paulo, the company assembled cars using imported parts from the United States.

History

[edit]
Inauguration of the General Motors Plant in São José dos Campos (SP) by President Juscelino Kubitschek, 1959

Initially operating in a rented warehouse, GM do Brasil opened its first plant in 1930 in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo.

In 1958, a second factory was opened in São José dos Campos, officially inaugurated a year later by Juscelino Kubitschek, the President of Brasil at the time, for die casting and other cars assemblies.

GM introduced its first car in the country, the Chevrolet Opala, in 1968.

In 1973, GM launched the Chevrolet Chevette, which has accumulated sales exceeding 1.2 million units. It was replaced by the Chevrolet Corsa in 1994, the first economy car with electronic fuel injection in Brazil, after tests were conducted near Indaiatuba.

From 1968 until 2005, GM used Opel-developed cars badged as "Chevrolet".

In July 2000 launched the Industrial Complex of Gravataí in Rio Grande do Sul, one of the world's most modern factories.[2]

After globalisation and selling of Opel to PSA and after Stellantis, vehicles like the Onix were made from project designed and imported from Saic-GM in Shanghai, China. Most designs came ready from Warren, mainly pickup trucks. Other brazilian own projects cars were the Chevrolet Agile, still based on Corsa Platform, Chevrolet Meriva, Chevrolet Kadett, Chevrolet Monza and Chevrolet Zafira, those from Opel projects, among others brazilian own studies.

In 2005, GM do Brasil sold a total of 365,259 vehicles, 21.3% of the Brazilian market. The percentage was 22.6% in the SUV and commercial segment. The company's total production reached 559,345 units when counting exports.

In 2005, exports reached a value of US$ 1.6 billion, for the shipment of 114,994 complete knock-down (CKD) units and 125,678 vehicles exported to some 40 countries around the world. The main market for exports was Mexico, followed by Argentina, Venezuela, South Africa and other Latin American countries.

In the social area, GM do Brasil focused activities through the General Motors Institute, created in 1993, its mission is to rescue the citizenship of children, youths and adults from poor communities, which are located especially close to industrial plants of the company. Its shares are primarily in education.

In 2019, GM do Brasil sold 475,684 vehicles, an increase of 10% over the previous calendar year, surpassing China in sales. The last time sales exceed the Asian country was 2013, when GM sold 643,100 units in Brazil.[3]

In 2021, a huge investment of R$10 billion (US$1.86 billion) was made to improve manufacturing in São Paulo. The investment was first announced in 2019.[4][5][6] Despite this, sales dropped 28.5% to 242,108 vehicles.[7][8]

In December 2021, GM South America announced to hire around 250 engineers from various specialties to work mainly in the areas of the São Caetano do Sul Technological Centre, such as bodywork and structure, exterior, interior, chassis, engine, transmission, electronics, controllers, software and virtual simulation.[9] At 2023 1100 Employees were dismissed. From 2024 to 2028, an investment plan of R$7 billion or US$1.4 billion is ongoing, US$350 million per year, with subside of Brazilian President, in order to review and update the models tooling products.[10]

Products

[edit]
See also: Automotive industry in Brazil

All of them under the Chevrolet brand:

Locally produced

[edit]
  • Chevrolet Onix
    Chevrolet Onix
  • Chevrolet Montana
    Chevrolet Montana
  • Chevrolet Spin
    Chevrolet Spin
  • Chevrolet S10
    Chevrolet S10
  • Chevrolet Tracker
    Chevrolet Tracker
  • Chevrolet TrailBlazer
    Chevrolet TrailBlazer

Imported

[edit]
  • Chevrolet Camaro
    Chevrolet Camaro
  • Chevrolet Equinox
    Chevrolet Equinox
  • Chevrolet Bolt
    Chevrolet Bolt

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Ficha General Motors" [General Motors data sheet]. exame.abril.com (in Portuguese). Exame. Archived from the original on 20 September 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  2. ^ "GM do Brasil começou suas atividades em 1925, em um galpão no bairro paulistano do Ipiranga". GM Media. January 26, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  3. ^ "Brazil Is Chevrolet's Second-Largest Market Again". GM Authority. February 6, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  4. ^ "Chevrolet fecha 2020 na liderança e GM anuncia retorno dos investimentos". GM Media (in Portuguese). January 5, 2021. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  5. ^ "General Motors anuncia investimento de R$ 10 bilhões para a produção da nova Chevrolet Spin e outros carros". AutoEsporte (in Brazilian Portuguese). January 5, 2021. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  6. ^ "Chevrolet retoma investimentos no Brasil; novas Montana e Spin estão no plano". Motor1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). January 5, 2021. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  7. ^ "Chevrolet Brazil Sales Down 20 Percent In December 2021". GM Authority. January 15, 2022. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  8. ^ "Fiat ultrapassa Chevrolet e fecha 2021 como a marca mais vendida". Motor1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). January 6, 2022. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  9. ^ "GM amplia centro de pesquisa e desenvolvimento da América do Sul". GM Media (in Portuguese). November 19, 2021. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  10. ^ "GM faz 95 anos e se prepara para produzir modelo inédito no país". GM Media (in Portuguese). January 27, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to General Motors do Brasil.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=General_Motors_do_Brasil&oldid=1248058231"