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{{external media | width = 210px | float = right | headerimage=[[File:1984 and photo of George Orwell.png|210px]] | video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe64p-QzhNE What "Orwellian" really means – Noah Tavlin] (5:31), [[TED-Ed]]<ref name="teded">{{cite web | title =What "Orwellian" really means |author= Noah Tavlin | publisher =[[TED (conference)|TED Ed]] | url =http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-orwellian-really-means-noah-tavlin | access-date =4 October 2015}}</ref> }}
{{external media | width = 210px | float = right | headerimage=[[File:1984 and photo of George Orwell.png|210px]] | video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe64p-QzhNE What "Orwellian" really means – Noah Tavlin] (5:31), [[TED-Ed]]<ref name="teded">{{cite web | title =What "Orwellian" really means |author= Noah Tavlin | publisher =[[TED (conference)|TED Ed]] | url =http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-orwellian-really-means-noah-tavlin | access-date =4 October 2015}}</ref> }}


'''''Orwellian''''' is an [[adjective]] describing a situation, idea, or societal condition that [[George Orwell]] identified as being destructive to the welfare of a free and [[open society]]. It denotes an attitude and a brutal policy of draconian control by [[propaganda]], [[surveillance]], [[disinformation]], [[Denialism|denial of truth]] ([[doublethink]]), and manipulation of the past, including the "[[unperson]]"—a person whose past existence is expunged from the public record and memory, practised by modern repressive governments. Often, this includes the circumstances depicted in his novels, particularly ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'',<ref>{{cite book|last=Drabble |first=Margaret |title=The Oxford Companion to English Literature |edition=Sixth |publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford and New York |year=2000 |page=726 |isbn=0-19-861453-5}}</ref> despite the narrative depicting a society in which only governmental employees are under repressive scrutiny, but political [[doublespeak]] is criticized throughout his work, such as in ''[[Politics and the English Language]]''.<ref name="obama">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/10/magazine/the-empty-threat-of-boots-on-the-ground.html |title=The Empty Threat of 'Boots on the Ground' |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 5, 2016 |last=Traub |first=James}}</ref>
'''''Orwellian''''' is an [[adjective]] describing a situation, idea, or societal condition that [[George Orwell]] identified as being destructive to the welfare of a free and [[open society]]. It denotes an attitude and a brutal policy of [[Draconian constitution|draconian]] control by [[propaganda]], [[surveillance]], [[disinformation]], [[Denialism|denial of truth]] ([[doublethink]]), and manipulation of the past, including the "[[unperson]]"—a person whose past existence is expunged from the public record and memory, practiced by modern repressive governments. Often, this includes the circumstances depicted in his novels, particularly ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'',<ref>{{cite book|last=Drabble |first=Margaret |title=The Oxford Companion to English Literature |edition=Sixth |publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford and New York |year=2000 |page=726 |isbn=0-19-861453-5}}</ref> despite the narrative depicting a society in which only governmental employees are under repressive scrutiny, but political [[doublespeak]] is criticized throughout his work, such as in ''[[Politics and the English Language]]''.<ref name="obama">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/10/magazine/the-empty-threat-of-boots-on-the-ground.html |title=The Empty Threat of 'Boots on the Ground' |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 5, 2016 |last=Traub |first=James}}</ref>


''[[The New York Times]]'' has said the term is "the most widely used adjective derived from the name of a modern writer".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/22/weekinreview/simpler-terms-if-it-s-orwellian-it-s-probably-not.html|title=Simpler Terms; If It's 'Orwellian,' It's Probably Not|last=Nunberg|first=Geoffrey|date=2003-06-22|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-02-27|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/nov/11/reading-group-orwellian-1984|title=Do you really know what 'Orwellian' means?|last=Jordison|first=Sam|date=2014-11-11|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>
''[[The New York Times]]'' has said the term is "the most widely used adjective derived from the name of a modern writer".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/22/weekinreview/simpler-terms-if-it-s-orwellian-it-s-probably-not.html|title=Simpler Terms; If It's 'Orwellian,' It's Probably Not|last=Nunberg|first=Geoffrey|date=2003-06-22|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-02-27|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/nov/11/reading-group-orwellian-1984|title=Do you really know what 'Orwellian' means?|last=Jordison|first=Sam|date=2014-11-11|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
{{Columns-list|colwidth=22em|
{{Columns-list|colwidth=16em|
* [[Alternative Facts]]
* [[Bibliography of George Orwell]]
* [[Bibliography of George Orwell]]
* [[Police state]]
* [[Brainwashing]]
* [[Doublespeak Award]]
* [[Doublespeak Award]]
* [[Forced labour]]
* [[Extrajudicial punishment]]
* [[Extrajudicial punishment]]
* [[Indefinite detention]]
* [[Indoctrination]]
* [[Mass surveillance]]
* [[Mass surveillance]]
* [[One-party state]]
* [[One-party state]]
* [[Permanent war economy]]
* [[Permanent war economy]]
* [[Police brutality]]
* [[Police state]]
* [[Political prisoner]]
* [[Torture]]
* [[Totalitarianism]]
* [[Totalitarianism]]
* [[Toxic leader]]}}
}}


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 15:21, 27 September 2024

Anti-ACTA demonstration in Tallinn, c. 2012
External videos
video icon What "Orwellian" really means – Noah Tavlin (5:31), TED-Ed[1]

Orwellian is an adjective describing a situation, idea, or societal condition that George Orwell identified as being destructive to the welfare of a free and open society. It denotes an attitude and a brutal policy of draconian control by propaganda, surveillance, disinformation, denial of truth (doublethink), and manipulation of the past, including the "unperson"—a person whose past existence is expunged from the public record and memory, practiced by modern repressive governments. Often, this includes the circumstances depicted in his novels, particularly Nineteen Eighty-Four,[2] despite the narrative depicting a society in which only governmental employees are under repressive scrutiny, but political doublespeak is criticized throughout his work, such as in Politics and the English Language.[3]

The New York Times has said the term is "the most widely used adjective derived from the name of a modern writer".[4][5]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Noah Tavlin. "What "Orwellian" really means". TED Ed. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
  2. ^ Drabble, Margaret (2000). The Oxford Companion to English Literature (Sixth ed.). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 726. ISBN 0-19-861453-5.
  3. ^ Traub, James (5 January 2016). "The Empty Threat of 'Boots on the Ground'". The New York Times.
  4. ^ Nunberg, Geoffrey (22 June 2003). "Simpler Terms; If It's 'Orwellian,' It's Probably Not". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  5. ^ Jordison, Sam (11 November 2014). "Do you really know what 'Orwellian' means?". the Guardian. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
[edit]
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