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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] --> |
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{{Terrorism}} |
{{Terrorism}} |
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'''Terrorism in Chile''' has occurred since the 1980s and continues until the present. A number of bombings targeted public places, such as subway stations, as well as commercial institutions and interests, such as banks and ATMs |
'''Terrorism in Chile''' has occurred since the 1980s and continues until the present. A number of bombings targeted public places, such as subway stations, as well as commercial institutions and interests, such as banks and ATMs. |
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==Terrorism by context== |
==Terrorism by context== |
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On 8 September 2014, a bombing occurred at the [[Escuela Militar metro station]] in [[Santiago, Chile]]. Fourteen people were injured, several seriously. No group has claimed responsibility, however, the attacks have been attributed to a Chilean Anarchist group, the [[Conspiracy of Cells of Fire |Conspiracy of Cells of Fire (Chile)]].<ref name=EUR>{{cite news|url=https://news.vice.com/article/chile-investigates-terrorist-ties-to-man-killed-by-another-bomb-on-santiagos-streets|title=Chile Investigates Terrorist Ties to Man Killed by Another Bomb on Santiago's Streets|accessdate=26 September 2014}}</ref> |
On 8 September 2014, a bombing occurred at the [[Escuela Militar metro station]] in [[Santiago, Chile]]. Fourteen people were injured, several seriously. No group has claimed responsibility, however, the attacks have been attributed to a Chilean Anarchist group, the [[Conspiracy of Cells of Fire |Conspiracy of Cells of Fire (Chile)]].<ref name=EUR>{{cite news|url=https://news.vice.com/article/chile-investigates-terrorist-ties-to-man-killed-by-another-bomb-on-santiagos-streets|title=Chile Investigates Terrorist Ties to Man Killed by Another Bomb on Santiago's Streets|accessdate=26 September 2014}}</ref> |
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On May 2, 2018 Members of [[Carabineros de Chile]] and the Fiscalía sur investigate an improvised explosive device abandoned in the metropolitan area of Santiago. The explosive did not explode and was destroyed by members of the anti-explosive unit. The group Individualistas Tendiendo a los Salvaje claim responsibility for this and other bombs that didn't detonate.<ref>{{ |
On May 2, 2018 Members of [[Carabineros de Chile]] and the Fiscalía sur investigate an improvised explosive device abandoned in the metropolitan area of Santiago. The explosive did not explode and was destroyed by members of the anti-explosive unit. The group Individualistas Tendiendo a los Salvaje claim responsibility for this and other bombs that didn't detonate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/region-metropolitana/2018/05/02/investigan-supuesta-reaparicion-de-grupo-eco-terrorista-tras-atentado-a-landerretche.shtml|title=Investigan supuesta reaparición de grupo "eco-terrorista" tras atentado a Landerretche (In Spanish)|work=Bio Bio Chile|date=2 May 2018|accessdate=2018-10-15}}</ref> |
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On February 27 an [[Improvised explosive device|makeshift explosive]] blast against a building in the comune of [[Vitacura]], [[Santiago de Chile]]. The building beloging to a real estate company. The building were evacuated after registering a couple of explosions with thirty minutes apart, without leaving injuries. To the next day an anarchist cell claimed responsibility for the attack, saying that the objective of the first attack was against the wealthy class, while the second explosion to members [[GOPE]] acussed them to "rapers" and "murders".<ref>{{citeweb|url=https://www.theclinic.cl/2020/02/28/afinidades-armadas-en-revuelta-el-grupo-que-se-adjudico-las-bombas-puestas-en-vitacura/|title=“Afinidades Armadas en Revuelta”: El grupo que se adjudicó las bombas puestas en Vitacura (In Spanish)|work=The Clinic.cl|accessdate=2020-07-19}}</ref><ref>{{citeweb|url=https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/region-metropolitana/2020/02/28/gobierno-se-querella-por-delito-de-colocacion-de-artefacto-explosivo-tras-estallidos-en-vitacura.shtml|title=Gobierno se querella por delito de colocación de artefacto explosivo tras estallidos en Vitacura|work=Bio Bio Chile|accessdate=2020-07-19}}</ref><ref>{{citeweb|url=https://www.latercera.com/nacional/noticia/grupo-se-adjudica-detonacion-de-artefactos-explosivos-de-ayer-en-vitacura/DAMM4ZBNYZHT5F7MIVRKZSIGZU/|title=Grupo se adjudica detonación de artefactos explosivos de ayer en Vitacura|work=La Tercera|accessdate=2020-07-19}}</ref><ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.cedema.org/ver.php?id=8580|title=Adjudicación de atentados explosivos contra inmobiliaria Transoceánica en la comuna de Vitacura|work=Cedema|accessdate=2020-07-19}}</ref> |
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|Afinidades Armadas en Revuelta |
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|[[Terrorism in Chile]] |
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===State sponsored terrorism=== |
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{{Main|Human rights violations in Pinochet's Chile}} |
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From 1973 to 1990, Chile was governed by the dictatorship of [[Augusto Pinochet]]. Under Pinochet's rule, political repression and state terrorism was committed by the Chilean armed forces, the Police, government agents and civilians in the service of security agencies.<ref>Thomas Skidmore, ''Modern Latin America'', Oxford University Press., 2004, p. 134.</ref> |
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===Araucanía and Mapuche=== |
===Araucanía and Mapuche=== |
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{{expand section|date=December 2017}} |
{{expand section|date=December 2017}} |
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There has been a debate on whether some attacks linked to the [[Mapuche conflict]] in southern Chile constitute terrorism or not. These attacks, typically arson, concentrate in Araucanía Region but have also occurred in neighboring [[Bío Bío]] and [[Los Ríos Region]]. The conflict arises, among other issues, from land rights and the resulting clash between indigenous people and private development projects.<ref>https://www.t13.cl/noticia/nacional/al-menos-19-camiones-incendiados-biobio-y-araucania</ref> |
There has been a debate on whether some attacks linked to the [[Mapuche conflict]] in southern Chile constitute terrorism or not. These attacks, typically arson, concentrate in Araucanía Region but have also occurred in neighboring [[Bío Bío]] and [[Los Ríos Region]]. The conflict arises, among other issues, from land rights and the resulting clash between indigenous people and private development projects.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.t13.cl/noticia/nacional/al-menos-19-camiones-incendiados-biobio-y-araucania|title=Al menos 23 camiones incendiados en el Biobío y la Araucanía|date=16 February 2018 }}</ref> |
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==Responses and counterterrorism efforts== |
==Responses and counterterrorism efforts== |
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===Criticism=== |
===Criticism=== |
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[[Human Rights Watch]] (HRW) has criticized the Chilean government for inappropriately using anti-terrorist legislation against indigenous (Mapuche) groups involved in land conflicts. While recognizing that crimes have certainly been committed, HRW believes that they are not comparable to terrorist acts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrw.org/reports/2004/chile1004/ |title=Chile: Undue Process<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2008-08-28}}</ref> |
[[Human Rights Watch]] (HRW) has criticized the Chilean government for inappropriately using anti-terrorist legislation against indigenous (Mapuche) groups involved in land conflicts. While recognizing that crimes have certainly been committed, HRW believes that they are not comparable to terrorist acts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrw.org/reports/2004/chile1004/ |title=Chile: Undue Process<!-- Bot generated title --> |work=Human Rights Watch |date=27 October 2004 |accessdate=2008-08-28}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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[[Category:Terrorism in Chile| ]] |
[[Category:Terrorism in Chile| ]] |
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[[Category:Terrorism by country|Chile]] |
[[Category:Terrorism by country|Chile]] |
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[[Category:Human rights abuses in Chile]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:40, 28 September 2024
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Terrorism in Chile has occurred since the 1980s and continues until the present. A number of bombings targeted public places, such as subway stations, as well as commercial institutions and interests, such as banks and ATMs.
Terrorism by context
[edit]Santiago bombings
[edit]At the end of the military regime in 1986, a bomb exploded in the Tobalaba station in Santiago, Chile, killing one person and injuring seven others.[1]
Over 200 individual bombings occurred from 2005 to 2014, over eighty groups claimed responsibility, however, authorities were not sure if it was multiple groups, related splinter cells or a single group which changed names. The names were changed to obie.[2]
On 8 September 2014, a bombing occurred at the Escuela Militar metro station in Santiago, Chile. Fourteen people were injured, several seriously. No group has claimed responsibility, however, the attacks have been attributed to a Chilean Anarchist group, the Conspiracy of Cells of Fire (Chile).[3]
On May 2, 2018 Members of Carabineros de Chile and the Fiscalía sur investigate an improvised explosive device abandoned in the metropolitan area of Santiago. The explosive did not explode and was destroyed by members of the anti-explosive unit. The group Individualistas Tendiendo a los Salvaje claim responsibility for this and other bombs that didn't detonate.[4]
Araucanía and Mapuche
[edit]![[icon]](/enwiki/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2017) |
There has been a debate on whether some attacks linked to the Mapuche conflict in southern Chile constitute terrorism or not. These attacks, typically arson, concentrate in Araucanía Region but have also occurred in neighboring Bío Bío and Los Ríos Region. The conflict arises, among other issues, from land rights and the resulting clash between indigenous people and private development projects.[5]
Responses and counterterrorism efforts
[edit]Pinochet anti-terror laws
[edit]During the Pinochet dictatorship in Chile, an anti-terror law was enacted which allows suspects to be held in isolation without charges. The law also permits the use of phone taps and secret witnesses in investigations. This anti-terror law is currently in use by the government in its response to bombing attacks.[6]
Criticism
[edit]Human Rights Watch (HRW) has criticized the Chilean government for inappropriately using anti-terrorist legislation against indigenous (Mapuche) groups involved in land conflicts. While recognizing that crimes have certainly been committed, HRW believes that they are not comparable to terrorist acts.[7]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ "Chile Shaken by Worst Attack in 30 Years." The Latin American Times. Accessed January 30, 2015.
- ^ BBC News: Chileans baffled by persistent bomb attack, 20 August 2014s
- ^ "Chile Investigates Terrorist Ties to Man Killed by Another Bomb on Santiago's Streets". Retrieved 26 September 2014.
- ^ "Investigan supuesta reaparición de grupo "eco-terrorista" tras atentado a Landerretche (In Spanish)". Bio Bio Chile. 2 May 2018. Retrieved 2018-10-15.
- ^ "Al menos 23 camiones incendiados en el Biobío y la Araucanía". 16 February 2018.
- ^ "New anti-terror law invoked in Chile after bomb injures 14." The Globe and Mail. Sep. 8, 2014.
- ^ "Chile: Undue Process". Human Rights Watch. 27 October 2004. Retrieved 2008-08-28.