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{{Short description|Branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the testicle}}
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{{Infobox Artery |
{{More footnotes|date=September 2017}}
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Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
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{{Infobox artery
Latin = arteria testicularis |
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| Name = Testicular artery
GraySubject = 154 |
GrayPage = 611 |
| Latin = arteria testicularis
Image = Gray531.png |
| Image = Gray531.png
Caption = The [[abdominal aorta]] and its branches. (Internal spermatic vessels labeled at right.) |
| Caption = The [[abdominal aorta]] and its branches (internal spermatic vessels labeled at right)
Image2 = Gray1149.png |
| Image2 = Gray1149.png
Caption2 = Vertical section of the [[testis]], to show the arrangement of the ducts. (Internal spermatic artery labeled vertically at center.) |
| Caption2 = Vertical section of the [[testis]], to show the arrangement of the ducts (internal spermatic artery labeled vertically at center)
BranchFrom = [[abdominal aorta]] |
| BranchFrom = Abdominal aorta
BranchTo = |
| BranchTo =
Vein = [[testicular vein]] |
| Vein = [[Testicular vein]]
Supplies = |
| Supplies =
MeshName = |
MeshNumber = |
DorlandsPre = a_62 |
DorlandsSuf = 12159482|
}}
}}
The '''testicular artery''' (the male [[gonadal artery]], also called the '''internal spermatic arteries''' in older texts) is a branch of the [[abdominal aorta]] that supplies blood to the [[testis]]. It is a paired [[artery]], with one for each of the testes.
The '''testicular artery''' (the male [[gonadal artery]], also called the '''internal spermatic arteries''' in older texts) is a branch of the [[abdominal aorta]] that supplies blood to the [[testicle]]. It is a paired [[artery]], with one for each of the testicles.


It is the male equivalent of the [[ovarian artery]]. Because the testis is found in a different location than that of its female equivalent, it has a different course than the ovarian artery.
It is the male equivalent of the [[ovarian artery]]. Because the testis is found in a different location than that of its female equivalent, it has a different course than the ovarian artery.


They are two slender vessels of considerable length, and arise from the front of the [[aorta]] a little below the [[renal arteries]].
They are two slender vessels of considerable length, and arise from the front of the [[aorta]] a little below the [[renal arteries]].


Each passes obliquely downward and lateralward behind the [[peritoneum]], resting on the [[Psoas major]], the right spermatic lying in front of the [[inferior vena cava]] and behind the [[middle colic]] and [[ileocolic]] arteries and the terminal part of the [[ileum]], the left behind the left colic and [[sigmoid]] arteries and the [[iliac colon]].
Each passes obliquely downward and lateralward behind the [[peritoneum]], resting on the [[psoas major]], the right lying in front of the [[inferior vena cava]] and behind the [[middle colic]] and [[ileocolic]] arteries and the terminal part of the [[ileum]], the left behind the [[left colic]] and [[sigmoid arteries]] and the [[iliac colon]].


Each crosses obliquely over the ureter and the lower part of the external iliac artery to reach the [[abdominal inguinal ring]], through which it passes, and accompanies the other constituents of the [[spermatic cord]] along the [[inguinal canal]] to the [[scrotum]], where it becomes [[tortuous]], and divides into several branches.
Each crosses obliquely over the ureter and the lower part of the external iliac artery to reach the [[abdominal inguinal ring]], through which it passes, and accompanies the other constituents of the [[spermatic cord]] along the [[inguinal canal]] to the [[scrotum]], where it becomes [[tortuous]], and divides into several branches.


Two or three of these accompany the [[ductus deferens]], and supply the [[epididymis]], anastomosing with the artery of the ductus deferens; others pierce the back part of the [[tunica albuginea]], and supply the substance of the [[testis]].
Two or three of these accompany the [[ductus deferens]], and supply the [[epididymis]], anastomosing with the artery of the ductus deferens; others pierce the back part of the [[Tunica albuginea of testis|tunica albuginea]], and supply the substance of the testicle.


The internal spermatic artery supplies one or two small branches to the [[ureter]], and in the inguinal canal gives one or two twigs to the [[Cremaster]].
The internal spermatic artery supplies one or two small branches to the [[ureter]], and in the inguinal canal gives one or two twigs to the [[Cremaster muscle|cremaster]].


== Clinical significance ==
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==Additional images==
The testicular artery may be damaged during [[Inguinal Hernia Repair|inguinal hernia repair]], possibly resulting in insiduous testicular atrophy - but not necessarily accompanied by testicular necrosis due to collateral arterial supply via the inferior epigastric, prostatic, vesical, and scrotal arteries.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Schwartz's Principles of Surgery |edition=11th |publication-date=2019 |pages=1620}}</ref>

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== Additional images ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Spermatic vessels.jpg|Spermatic vessels
Image:Testicular artery (bull).jpg|Testicular artery of a bull (steer).
File:Testicular artery (bull).jpg|Testicular artery of a bull (steer).
Image:Gray585.png|The veins of the right half of the male pelvis.
File:Gray585.png|The veins of the right half of the male pelvis.
Image:Gray590.png|Spermatic veins.
File:Gray590.png|Spermatic veins.
Image:Gray1120.png|The relations of the viscera and large vessels of the abdomen.
Image:Gray1145.png|Transverse section through the left side of the scrotum and the left testis.
File:Gray1120.png|The relations of the viscera and large vessels of the abdomen (posterior view).
File:Gray1145.png|Transverse section through the left side of the scrotum and the left testis.
File:Testis, spermatic vessels and vas deferens.jpg|Testis, spermatic vessels and vas deferens
File:Slide6jj.JPG|Testicular artery and vein
</gallery>
</gallery>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[testicular vein]]
* [[Ovarian vein]]

* [[ovarian vein]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
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{{Gray's}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{eMedicineDictionary|Testicular+artery}}
* {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|36|07|03|03}} - "Layers of the Spermatic Cord"
* {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|36|07|03|03}} - "Layers of the Spermatic Cord"
* {{NormanAnatomy|inguinalregion}} ({{NormanAnatomyFig|spermaticcord}})
* {{NormanAnatomy|inguinalregion}} ({{NormanAnatomyFig|spermaticcord}})


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{{Gray's}}
{{circulatory-stub}}
{{Arteries of thorax and abdomen}}
{{Arteries of thorax and abdomen}}
{{Portal bar|Anatomy}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Arteries of the abdomen]]
[[de:Arteria testicularis]]
[[Category:Testicle|Art]]
[[la:Arteria testicularis]]
[[pt:Artéria testicular]]

Latest revision as of 15:30, 29 September 2024

Testicular artery
The abdominal aorta and its branches (internal spermatic vessels labeled at right)
Vertical section of the testis, to show the arrangement of the ducts (internal spermatic artery labeled vertically at center)
Details
SourceAbdominal aorta
VeinTesticular vein
Identifiers
Latinarteria testicularis
TA98A12.2.12.086M
TA24288
FMA14758
Anatomical terminology

The testicular artery (the male gonadal artery, also called the internal spermatic arteries in older texts) is a branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the testicle. It is a paired artery, with one for each of the testicles.

It is the male equivalent of the ovarian artery. Because the testis is found in a different location than that of its female equivalent, it has a different course than the ovarian artery.

They are two slender vessels of considerable length, and arise from the front of the aorta a little below the renal arteries.

Each passes obliquely downward and lateralward behind the peritoneum, resting on the psoas major, the right lying in front of the inferior vena cava and behind the middle colic and ileocolic arteries and the terminal part of the ileum, the left behind the left colic and sigmoid arteries and the iliac colon.

Each crosses obliquely over the ureter and the lower part of the external iliac artery to reach the abdominal inguinal ring, through which it passes, and accompanies the other constituents of the spermatic cord along the inguinal canal to the scrotum, where it becomes tortuous, and divides into several branches.

Two or three of these accompany the ductus deferens, and supply the epididymis, anastomosing with the artery of the ductus deferens; others pierce the back part of the tunica albuginea, and supply the substance of the testicle.

The internal spermatic artery supplies one or two small branches to the ureter, and in the inguinal canal gives one or two twigs to the cremaster.

Clinical significance

[edit]

The testicular artery may be damaged during inguinal hernia repair, possibly resulting in insiduous testicular atrophy - but not necessarily accompanied by testicular necrosis due to collateral arterial supply via the inferior epigastric, prostatic, vesical, and scrotal arteries.[1]

Additional images

[edit]
  • Spermatic vessels
    Spermatic vessels
  • Testicular artery of a bull (steer).
    Testicular artery of a bull (steer).
  • The veins of the right half of the male pelvis.
    The veins of the right half of the male pelvis.
  • Spermatic veins.
    Spermatic veins.
  • The relations of the viscera and large vessels of the abdomen (posterior view).
    The relations of the viscera and large vessels of the abdomen (posterior view).
  • Transverse section through the left side of the scrotum and the left testis.
    Transverse section through the left side of the scrotum and the left testis.
  • Testis, spermatic vessels and vas deferens
    Testis, spermatic vessels and vas deferens
  • Testicular artery and vein
    Testicular artery and vein

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Schwartz's Principles of Surgery (11th ed.). 2019. p. 1620.

Public domain This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 611 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

[edit]
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