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{{Infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty
|name= Emperor Đồng Khánh<br/>同慶帝
|name= Emperor Đồng Khánh<br/>同慶帝
|image= DongKhanh.jpg
|image= Intronisation du roi Dong Khanh.jpg
|caption= Emperor Đồng Khánh on throne in coronation day
|caption=
|father= [[Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai]] (son of [[Thiệu Trị]])
|father= [[Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai]] (son of [[Thiệu Trị]])
|mother= Concubine [[Bùi Thị Thanh]]
|mother= Concubine [[Bùi Thị Thanh]]
Line 8: Line 8:
|issue= 9 including 6 sons and 3 daughter<br>prince [[Khải Định|Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Đảo]]
|issue= 9 including 6 sons and 3 daughter<br>prince [[Khải Định|Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Đảo]]
|birth_date= 19 February 1864
|birth_date= 19 February 1864
|birth_place = [[Imperial City, Huế]], [[Đại Nam]]
|birth_place = [[Imperial City of Huế]], [[Đại Nam]]
|death_date= {{death date and age|1889|1|28|1864|2|19}}
|death_date= {{death date and age|1889|1|28|1864|2|19|df=y}}
|death_place = [[Imperial City, Huế]], [[Annam (French protectorate)|Annam]], [[French Indochina]]
|death_place = Imperial City of Huế, [[Annam (French protectorate)|Annam]], [[French Indochina]]
|place of burial = [[Tomb of Đồng Khánh|Tư Lăng]]
|place of burial = [[Tomb of Đồng Khánh|Tư Lăng]]
|full name= Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Thị ({{linktext|阮|福|膺|豉}})<br>Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ ({{linktext|阮|福|膺|祺}})<br>Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường ({{linktext|阮|福|膺|禟}})<br>Nguyễn Phúc Biện ({{linktext|阮|福|昪}})
|full name= Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Thị ({{linktext|阮|福|膺|豉}})<br>Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ ({{linktext|阮|福|膺|祺}})<br>Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường ({{linktext|阮|福|膺|禟}})<br>Nguyễn Phúc Biện ({{linktext|阮|福|昪}})
Line 17: Line 17:
|predecessor= [[Hàm Nghi]]
|predecessor= [[Hàm Nghi]]
|successor= [[Thành Thái]]
|successor= [[Thành Thái]]
|succession1= [[List of Vietnamese monarchs|Emperor of Nguyễn Dynasty]]
|succession1= [[List of Vietnamese monarchs|Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty]]
|reign1= 19 September 1885 – 28 January 1889
|reign1= 19 September 1885 – 28 January 1889
|predecessor1= [[Hàm Nghi]]
|predecessor1= [[Hàm Nghi]]
|successor1= [[Thành Thái]]
|successor1= [[Thành Thái]]
|house=[[Nguyễn Dynasty|Nguyễn]]
|house=[[House of Nguyễn Phúc|Nguyễn Phúc]]
|era name = Đồng Khánh ({{linktext|同|慶}})
|era name = Đồng Khánh ({{linktext|同|慶}})
|era dates= 1885–1889
|era dates= 1885–1889
Line 27: Line 27:
|posthumous name= Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế '''(弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝''')<br>Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝''') (1916)
|posthumous name= Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế '''(弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝''')<br>Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝''') (1916)
|religion = [[Ruism]], [[Buddhism]]
|religion = [[Ruism]], [[Buddhism]]
|signature_type=[[Seal (East Asia)|Seal]]
| signature = Sceau de Đồng Khánh (同慶) Roi d'Annam.jpg
}}
}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2022}}

'''Đồng Khánh''' ({{IPA-vi|ɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ xajŋ̟˧˦|h}}, {{lang-vi-hantu|[[:wikt:同|同]][[:wikt:慶|慶]]}}, lit. "collective celebration"; 19 February 1864 – 28 January 1889), born '''Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ''' (阮福膺祺) or '''Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường''' (阮福膺禟), also known as '''Chánh Mông''' (正蒙), was the ninth [[List of monarchs of Vietnam|emperor]] of the [[Nguyễn Dynasty]] of [[Vietnam]]. He reigned three years between 1885 and 1889. His royal temple name was Cảnh Tông (景宗).
'''Đồng Khánh''' ({{IPA|vi|ɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ xajŋ̟˧˦|label=Hanoi:}}, {{lang-vi-hantu|[[:wikt:同|同]][[:wikt:慶|慶]]}}, lit. "collective celebration"; 19 February 1864 – 28 January 1889), born '''Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ''' (阮福膺祺) or '''Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường''' (阮福膺禟), also known as '''Chánh Mông''' (正蒙), was the ninth [[List of monarchs of Vietnam|emperor]] of the [[Nguyễn dynasty]] of [[Vietnam]]. He reigned four years between 1885 and 1889. His royal temple name was Cảnh Tông (景宗).


==Biography==
==Biography==
Đồng Khánh was born on 19 December 1864 at [[Imperial City of Huế]]. He got the childhood name '''Chánh Mông''' when he was brought up in Chánh Mông palace. Đồng Khánh was the eldest son of Prince [[Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai]] (son of emperor [[Thiệu Trị]]) and Concubine Bùi Thị Thanh.
Đồng Khánh was born on 19 February 1864 in the [[Imperial City of Huế]]. His childhood name was '''Chánh Mông''' because he was brought up in Chánh Mông palace. Đồng Khánh was the eldest son of Prince [[Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai]], a son of emperor [[Thiệu Trị]], and his concubine Bùi Thị Thanh.


As his uncle, Emperor [[Tự Đức]], had no children, Đồng Khánh was adopted and given the title '''Kiên Giang quận công''' (Duke of [[Kiên Giang Province|Kiên Giang]]).
As his uncle, Emperor [[Tự Đức]], had no children, Đồng Khánh was adopted and given the title '''Kiên Giang quận công''' (Duke of [[Kiên Giang Province|Kiên Giang]]).


==Rule==
==Rule==
After the French armies captured the city of [[Huế]] and the [[Imperial City of Huế|Imperial city]] fell to the French, the court regents [[Nguyễn Văn Tường]] and [[Tôn Thất Thuyết]] took the young Emperor [[Hàm Nghi]] and escaped from the Purple Forbidden City of Huế, and took him to [[Tân Sở]] in the mountains as the figurehead of a revolutionary movement against the French. To take away the legitimacy of Hàm Nghi, general [[Henri Roussel de Courcy|de Courcy]] and résident [[Louis Eugène Palasne de Champeaux|de Champeaux]] of [[France]] asked the [[empress dowager Nghi Thiên]] to enthrone Hàm Nghi's elder half brother prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ. On 19 September 1885 with the backing of the governor of Annam, Prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ was crowned as the ninth emperor of Đại Nam with the [[era name]] of '''Đồng Khánh'''.
[[File:ThiHuong1888.jpg|left|200 px|upright|thumb|Imperial examination at [[Nam Định]] during Đồng Khánh's era in 1888.]]
<gallery>

File:Kt-hue-7.jpg|Welcome ceremony of French diplomats by Emperor Đồng Khánh at Thái Hòa throne hall (太和殿), 1886
After the French armies captured the city of [[Huế]] and the [[Imperial City, Huế|Purple Forbidden City]] fell to the French, the court regents [[Nguyễn Văn Tường]] and [[Tôn Thất Thuyết]] took the young Emperor [[Hàm Nghi]] and escaped from the Purple Forbidden City of Huế, and took him to the mountains as the figurehead of a revolutionary movement against the French. To take away the legitimacy of Hàm Nghi, general [[Henri Roussel de Courcy|de Courcy]] and résident [[Louis Eugène Palasne de Champeaux|de Champeaux]] of [[France]] asked the [[empress dowager Nghi Thiên]] to enthrone prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ (Hàm Nghi's elder half brother). On 19 September 1885, Prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ had to go to the governor of Annam to attend his coronation; he became the ninth emperor of Đại Nam with the [[era name]] of '''Đồng Khánh'''.
</gallery>

The emperor showed himself as a Pro-French ruler and this was also mentioned in the diary of [[Trần Trọng Kim]]:
Đồng Khánh was pro-French, which was noted in the diary of [[Trần Trọng Kim]]:
{{quote|"Emperor Đồng Khánh had a gentle personality, loved to wear luxurious jewelry and adopted French culture[,] therefore [the] French colonial government gave favor to him. After the dethroned emperor Hàm Nghi fled to Quảng Bình, Đồng Khánh accepted the French request of travelling to Quảng Bình to persuade Hàm Nghi and his loyal subjects [to] surrender but [was] unsuccessful. After that, Hàm Nghi was betrayed by his loyal subject [[Trương Quang Ngọc]][;] then he was captured by [the] French and exiled [to] Algérie."}}
{{blockquote|"Emperor Đồng Khánh had a gentle personality, loved to wear luxurious jewelry and adopted French culture[,] therefore [the] French colonial government gave favor to him. After the dethroned emperor Hàm Nghi fled to Quảng Bình, Đồng Khánh accepted the French request of travelling to Quảng Bình to persuade Hàm Nghi and his loyal subjects [to] surrender but [was] unsuccessful. After that, Hàm Nghi was betrayed by his loyal subject {{ill|Trương Quang Ngọc|vi}}[;] then he was captured by [the] French and exiled [to] Algérie."}}


==Death==
==Death==
On 28 January 1889, Đồng Khánh died at aged 24 after reigning for three years. He was granted the posthumous name Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝'''), with the temple name Cảnh Tông (景宗).
On 28 January 1889, Đồng Khánh died
aged 24 after reigning for three years. He was granted the posthumous name Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝'''), with the temple name Cảnh Tông (景宗).
<gallery>

File:Mausoleum of Emperor Dong Khanh (Hue) - Lăng Đồng Khánh (2024 July) - img 20.jpg|Main gate to mausoleum of Đồng Khánh .
In 1916, his son (Emperor [[Khải Định]]) granted him the name Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝'''). He was buried in Tư Lăng mausoleum (思陵), which is located at Dương Xuân Thượng village, Hương Thuỷm commune, Thừa Thiên Province.
File:Mausoleum of Emperor Dong Khanh (Hue) - Lăng Đồng Khánh (2024 July) - img 06.jpg|Main temple of mausoleum
File:Mausoleum of Emperor Dong Khanh (Hue) - Lăng Đồng Khánh (2024 July) - img 07.jpg|Altar of the emperor in [[Huế]]
File:Tomb of DongKhanh4.JPG| Stele house in mausoleum of Đồng Khánh
File:Tomb of DongKhanh6.JPG| Statues of mandarins and elephants
</gallery>
In 1916, his son the Emperor [[Khải Định]] granted him the name Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝'''). He was buried in Tư Lăng mausoleum (思陵), which is located at Dương Xuân Thượng village, Hương Thuỷ commune, Thừa Thiên Province.


== Gallery ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Dong Khanh.jpg|Portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh.
File:Dong Khanh.jpg|Posthumous portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh.
File:Intronisation du roi Dong Khanh.jpg|Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne.
File:DongKhanh.jpg|Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne.
File:Hựu Thiên Thuần Hoàng Hậu.jpg|Empress [[Dương Thị Thục|Hựu Thiên]], wife of Đồng Khánh
File:Phụ Thiên Thuần Hoàng hậu.jpg|Empress Phụ Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
</gallery>
</gallery>


== Relatives ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
[[Madame Nhu]], the [[First Lady]] of [[South Vietnam]] from 1955–63, was a great-granddaughter of Đồng Khánh.<ref>Erica J. Peters – Appetites and Aspirations in Vietnam: 2011 "His dramatic embrace of Western grand cuisine met with the approval of his French overlords, though whether other Vietnamese saw Đồng Khánh as manipulating the French or as a puppet depended on their own political perspective."</ref><ref>Vietnamese Royal Exile in Japan – Page 27 "Meanwhile, Đồng Khánh assumed the throne after Hàm Nghi vas removed from power. To some degree Đồng Khánh benefited from French efforts to restore Some prestige to the Vietnamese monarchy, the demise of which was one of the ..."</ref><ref>Christian Culas, François Robinne Inter-Ethnic Dynamics in Asia: Considering the Other 2009 "EMPEROR ĐồNG KHÁNH'S DESCRIPTIVE GEOGRAPHY (1888) Another important source written in characters on the ethnic populations of northern Vietnam is the Emperor Đồng Khánh's Descriptive Geography (Ngô Duc Tho, Nguyên Văn .</ref>
*{{commons category-inline}}

*Father: Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai (阮福洪侅), title Thuần Nghị Kiên Thái Vương (純毅堅太王).
*Mother: Bùi Thị Thanh (裴氏清), title Thuần Nghị Kiên Thái Vương Phi (純毅堅太王妃).
*Wife and Concubine:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Rank
!Title
!Family name
!Born/Died
!Note
|-
|Imperial noble consort
|'''Empress Phụ Thiên Thuần'''
'''輔天純皇后'''
|Nguyễn Hữu
(Nguyễn Hữu Độ's daughter)
|1870–1935
|[[courtesy name]] Học Khương (學姜); historical book record as Đức Thánh Cung (德聖宮). Daughter of Vĩnh Lai Quận Công (Duke of Vĩnh Lai), House of secret council mandarin Nguyễn Hữu Độ. She was the first one who becomes the Imperial Noble consort (equivalent to the empress of Nguyen dynasty) and never been a title of concubine before. When her husband died and his son was young, the new Emperor stripped all her title, Khai Dinh became the Emperor then she became The Empress dowager, after The imperial consort dowager of Dương family became the Khôn Nghi Empress Dowager she became Khôn Nguyên Empress Dowager.
|-
|Third rank Concubine Nghi
|'''Empress Hựu Thiên Thuần'''
'''佑天純皇后'''
|Dương
(Dương Quang Hướng's daughter)
|1868–1944
|hometown in Phú Lộc commune, Thừa Thiên province, Daughter of Phú Lộc Quận công (Duke of Phú Lộc) Dương Quang Hướng. She is the mother of Emperor [[Khải Định]]. She was the Sixth rank lady, and the Emperor promoted her to the Forth rank concubine Hòa, and then the third rank concubine Nghi, Khai Dinh Emperor gave her the title of The imperial consort dowager in 1916, The Empress dowager Khôn Nghi in 1923 and Bao Dai become the Emperor, she now was the great empress dowager Khôn Nghi in 1933. She was the last Great Empress Dowager of Vietnam.
|-
|Concubine Nghĩa
|The 1<sup>st</sup> rank consort Quý
|Nguyễn
|
|The first official wife of the Emperor, she died before her husband becomes Emperor. She was the Concubine Nghĩa and Khai Dinh Emperor gave her the title of the First rank consort but not the Empress.
|-
|5<sup>th</sup> rank concubine Tùy
|The 2<sup>nd</sup> rank Consort Quán
|Trần Đăng
|
|She was the highest rank consort of the Emperor harem, because of her vulgar behavior, the emperor stripped her first rank title of consort and demoted her to the fifth rank concubine Tùy. Emperor Khai Dinh gave her back the title first rank consort Quan.
|-
|8<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|The 2<sup>nd</sup> rank Consort Giai
|Phan Văn
|
|She was the first rank consort Giai and she had a right to support the Imperial noble consort of Nguyễn Hữu family in control of the harem's life. Due to her dismiss of her duty and she loses the jewel of the palace so the Emperor demoted her to the eight rank lady. Like Consort Quan, Khai Dinh Emperor gave her back the first rank title consort Giai.
|-
|8<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|Concubine Chính
|Hồ Văn
|
|She was the Concubine Chính but she was be demoted to the eighth rank lady due to her laziness
|-
|9<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|The 3<sup>rd</sup> rank Concubine Nghi
|Nguyễn Văn
|
|she was the Concubine Chính, due to her cruel and she harm the other concubine of the Emperor, he demoted her to the shortest rank of the harem.
|-
|Concubine Dự
|Concubine Dự
|Trần Văn
|
|
|-
|6<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|6<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|Hồ
|
|she born 3 princesses
|-
|6<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|6<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|Mai Văn
|
|
|-
|7<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|7<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|Nguyễn văn
|
|
|-
|8<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|8<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|Nguyễn Hữu
|
|
|-
|9<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|9<sup>th</sup> rank lady
|Trịnh Văn
|
|
|-
|Palace maid
|
|Mai
|
|
|-
|Palace maid Thị Điền
|
|Nguyễn
|
|
|-
|Palace maid Bá Hiệp
|
|
|
|Hân Hân Princes's mother
|-
|Palace maid Lưu Ngân
|
|
|
|
|}

*Successors:
*Princes:
#Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Đảo (阮福寶嶹): emperor [[Khải Định]]
#An Hóa Quận vương (Duke of An Hóa) Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Tung (安化郡王阮福寶𡾼)
#Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Nguy (阮福宝巍).
#Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Nga (阮福寶峨).
#Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Cát (阮福寶嶱).
#Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Quyền (阮福寶巏).
*Princess:
#Ngọc Lâm princess "Nguyễn Phúc Hỷ Duyệt" (玉林公主阮福喜悦).
#Ngọc Sơn princess "Nguyễn Phúc Hỷ Hỷ" (玉山公主阮福喜喜).
#Princess Nguyễn Phúc Hân Hân.

== References ==
{{reflist|4}}
{{commons category|Emperor Đồng Khánh}}


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-hou|[[Nguyễn Dynasty]]|19 February|1864|28 January|1889}}
{{s-hou|[[Nguyễn dynasty]]|19 February|1864|28 January|1889}}
{{s-reg|}}
{{s-reg|}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Hàm Nghi]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Hàm Nghi]]}}
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{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


{{Emperors of Nguyễn Dynasty}}
{{Emperors of the Nguyen dynasty}}
{{Nguyễn dynasty topics}}
{{Nguyễn dynasty topics}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1889 deaths]]
[[Category:1889 deaths]]
[[Category:Vietnamese monarchs]]
[[Category:Vietnamese monarchs]]
[[Category:People from Huế]]

Latest revision as of 21:37, 30 September 2024

Emperor Đồng Khánh
同慶帝
Emperor Đồng Khánh on throne in coronation day
Emperor of Đại Nam under French protectorate of Annam and Tonkin
Reign19 September 1885 – 28 January 1889
PredecessorHàm Nghi
SuccessorThành Thái
Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty
Reign19 September 1885 – 28 January 1889
PredecessorHàm Nghi
SuccessorThành Thái
Born19 February 1864
Imperial City of Huế, Đại Nam
Died28 January 1889(1889-01-28) (aged 24)
Imperial City of Huế, Annam, French Indochina
Burial
Tư Lăng
Spouse11 concubines
Issue9 including 6 sons and 3 daughter
prince Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Đảo
Names
Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Thị (阮福膺豉)
Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ (阮福膺祺)
Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường (阮福膺禟)
Nguyễn Phúc Biện (阮福昪)
Era name and dates
Đồng Khánh (同慶): 1885–1889
Posthumous name
Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝)
Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝) (1916)
Temple name
Cảnh Tông (景宗)
HouseNguyễn Phúc
FatherNguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai (son of Thiệu Trị)
MotherConcubine Bùi Thị Thanh
ReligionRuism, Buddhism

Đồng Khánh (Hanoi: [ɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ xajŋ̟˧˦], chữ Hán: 同慶, lit. "collective celebration"; 19 February 1864 – 28 January 1889), born Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ (阮福膺祺) or Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường (阮福膺禟), also known as Chánh Mông (正蒙), was the ninth emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam. He reigned four years between 1885 and 1889. His royal temple name was Cảnh Tông (景宗).

Biography

[edit]

Đồng Khánh was born on 19 February 1864 in the Imperial City of Huế. His childhood name was Chánh Mông because he was brought up in Chánh Mông palace. Đồng Khánh was the eldest son of Prince Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai, a son of emperor Thiệu Trị, and his concubine Bùi Thị Thanh.

As his uncle, Emperor Tự Đức, had no children, Đồng Khánh was adopted and given the title Kiên Giang quận công (Duke of Kiên Giang).

Rule

[edit]

After the French armies captured the city of Huế and the Imperial city fell to the French, the court regents Nguyễn Văn Tường and Tôn Thất Thuyết took the young Emperor Hàm Nghi and escaped from the Purple Forbidden City of Huế, and took him to Tân Sở in the mountains as the figurehead of a revolutionary movement against the French. To take away the legitimacy of Hàm Nghi, general de Courcy and résident de Champeaux of France asked the empress dowager Nghi Thiên to enthrone Hàm Nghi's elder half brother prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ. On 19 September 1885 with the backing of the governor of Annam, Prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ was crowned as the ninth emperor of Đại Nam with the era name of Đồng Khánh.

  • Welcome ceremony of French diplomats by Emperor Đồng Khánh at Thái Hòa throne hall (太和殿), 1886
    Welcome ceremony of French diplomats by Emperor Đồng Khánh at Thái Hòa throne hall (太和殿), 1886

Đồng Khánh was pro-French, which was noted in the diary of Trần Trọng Kim:

"Emperor Đồng Khánh had a gentle personality, loved to wear luxurious jewelry and adopted French culture[,] therefore [the] French colonial government gave favor to him. After the dethroned emperor Hàm Nghi fled to Quảng Bình, Đồng Khánh accepted the French request of travelling to Quảng Bình to persuade Hàm Nghi and his loyal subjects [to] surrender but [was] unsuccessful. After that, Hàm Nghi was betrayed by his loyal subject Trương Quang Ngọc [vi][;] then he was captured by [the] French and exiled [to] Algérie."

Death

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On 28 January 1889, Đồng Khánh died aged 24 after reigning for three years. He was granted the posthumous name Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝), with the temple name Cảnh Tông (景宗).

  • Main gate to mausoleum of Đồng Khánh .
    Main gate to mausoleum of Đồng Khánh .
  • Main temple of mausoleum
    Main temple of mausoleum
  • Altar of the emperor in Huế
    Altar of the emperor in Huế
  • Stele house in mausoleum of Đồng Khánh
    Stele house in mausoleum of Đồng Khánh
  • Statues of mandarins and elephants
    Statues of mandarins and elephants

In 1916, his son the Emperor Khải Định granted him the name Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝). He was buried in Tư Lăng mausoleum (思陵), which is located at Dương Xuân Thượng village, Hương Thuỷ commune, Thừa Thiên Province.

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  • Posthumous portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh.
    Posthumous portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh.
  • Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne.
    Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne.
  • Empress Hựu Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
    Empress Hựu Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
  • Empress Phụ Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
    Empress Phụ Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh

References

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Đồng Khánh
Born: 19 February 1864 Died: 28 January 1889
Regnal titles
Preceded by Emperor of Vietnam
1885–1889 		Succeeded by
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