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{{Infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty
|name= Emperor Đồng Khánh<br/>同慶帝
|name= Emperor Đồng Khánh<br/>同慶帝
|image= Dong Khanh.jpg
|image= Intronisation du roi Dong Khanh.jpg
|caption= Portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh
|caption= Emperor Đồng Khánh on throne in coronation day
|father= [[Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai]] (son of [[Thiệu Trị]])
|father= [[Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai]] (son of [[Thiệu Trị]])
|mother= Concubine [[Bùi Thị Thanh]]
|mother= Concubine [[Bùi Thị Thanh]]
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}}
}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2022}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2022}}
'''Đồng Khánh''' ({{IPA-vi|ɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ xajŋ̟˧˦|h}}, {{lang-vi-hantu|[[:wikt:同|同]][[:wikt:慶|慶]]}}, lit. "collective celebration"; 19 February 1864 – 28 January 1889), born '''Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ''' (阮福膺祺) or '''Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường''' (阮福膺禟), also known as '''Chánh Mông''' (正蒙), was the ninth [[List of monarchs of Vietnam|emperor]] of the [[Nguyễn dynasty]] of [[Vietnam]]. He reigned four years between 1885 and 1889. His royal temple name was Cảnh Tông (景宗).
'''Đồng Khánh''' ({{IPA|vi|ɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ xajŋ̟˧˦|label=Hanoi:}}, {{lang-vi-hantu|[[:wikt:同|同]][[:wikt:慶|慶]]}}, lit. "collective celebration"; 19 February 1864 – 28 January 1889), born '''Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ''' (阮福膺祺) or '''Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường''' (阮福膺禟), also known as '''Chánh Mông''' (正蒙), was the ninth [[List of monarchs of Vietnam|emperor]] of the [[Nguyễn dynasty]] of [[Vietnam]]. He reigned four years between 1885 and 1889. His royal temple name was Cảnh Tông (景宗).


==Biography==
==Biography==
Đồng Khánh was born on 19 December 1864 in the [[Imperial City of Huế]]. His childhood name was '''Chánh Mông''' because he was brought up in Chánh Mông palace. Đồng Khánh was the eldest son of Prince [[Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai]], a son of emperor [[Thiệu Trị]], and his concubine Bùi Thị Thanh.
Đồng Khánh was born on 19 February 1864 in the [[Imperial City of Huế]]. His childhood name was '''Chánh Mông''' because he was brought up in Chánh Mông palace. Đồng Khánh was the eldest son of Prince [[Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai]], a son of emperor [[Thiệu Trị]], and his concubine Bùi Thị Thanh.


As his uncle, Emperor [[Tự Đức]], had no children, Đồng Khánh was adopted and given the title '''Kiên Giang quận công''' (Duke of [[Kiên Giang Province|Kiên Giang]]).
As his uncle, Emperor [[Tự Đức]], had no children, Đồng Khánh was adopted and given the title '''Kiên Giang quận công''' (Duke of [[Kiên Giang Province|Kiên Giang]]).
Line 38: Line 38:
==Rule==
==Rule==
After the French armies captured the city of [[Huế]] and the [[Imperial City of Huế|Imperial city]] fell to the French, the court regents [[Nguyễn Văn Tường]] and [[Tôn Thất Thuyết]] took the young Emperor [[Hàm Nghi]] and escaped from the Purple Forbidden City of Huế, and took him to [[Tân Sở]] in the mountains as the figurehead of a revolutionary movement against the French. To take away the legitimacy of Hàm Nghi, general [[Henri Roussel de Courcy|de Courcy]] and résident [[Louis Eugène Palasne de Champeaux|de Champeaux]] of [[France]] asked the [[empress dowager Nghi Thiên]] to enthrone Hàm Nghi's elder half brother prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ. On 19 September 1885 with the backing of the governor of Annam, Prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ was crowned as the ninth emperor of Đại Nam with the [[era name]] of '''Đồng Khánh'''.
After the French armies captured the city of [[Huế]] and the [[Imperial City of Huế|Imperial city]] fell to the French, the court regents [[Nguyễn Văn Tường]] and [[Tôn Thất Thuyết]] took the young Emperor [[Hàm Nghi]] and escaped from the Purple Forbidden City of Huế, and took him to [[Tân Sở]] in the mountains as the figurehead of a revolutionary movement against the French. To take away the legitimacy of Hàm Nghi, general [[Henri Roussel de Courcy|de Courcy]] and résident [[Louis Eugène Palasne de Champeaux|de Champeaux]] of [[France]] asked the [[empress dowager Nghi Thiên]] to enthrone Hàm Nghi's elder half brother prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ. On 19 September 1885 with the backing of the governor of Annam, Prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ was crowned as the ninth emperor of Đại Nam with the [[era name]] of '''Đồng Khánh'''.
<gallery>

File:Kt-hue-7.jpg|Welcome ceremony of French diplomats by Emperor Đồng Khánh at Thái Hòa throne hall (太和殿), 1886
</gallery>
Đồng Khánh was pro-French, which was noted in the diary of [[Trần Trọng Kim]]:
Đồng Khánh was pro-French, which was noted in the diary of [[Trần Trọng Kim]]:
{{blockquote|"Emperor Đồng Khánh had a gentle personality, loved to wear luxurious jewelry and adopted French culture[,] therefore [the] French colonial government gave favor to him. After the dethroned emperor Hàm Nghi fled to Quảng Bình, Đồng Khánh accepted the French request of travelling to Quảng Bình to persuade Hàm Nghi and his loyal subjects [to] surrender but [was] unsuccessful. After that, Hàm Nghi was betrayed by his loyal subject {{ill|Trương Quang Ngọc|vi}}[;] then he was captured by [the] French and exiled [to] Algérie."}}
{{blockquote|"Emperor Đồng Khánh had a gentle personality, loved to wear luxurious jewelry and adopted French culture[,] therefore [the] French colonial government gave favor to him. After the dethroned emperor Hàm Nghi fled to Quảng Bình, Đồng Khánh accepted the French request of travelling to Quảng Bình to persuade Hàm Nghi and his loyal subjects [to] surrender but [was] unsuccessful. After that, Hàm Nghi was betrayed by his loyal subject {{ill|Trương Quang Ngọc|vi}}[;] then he was captured by [the] French and exiled [to] Algérie."}}
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On 28 January 1889, Đồng Khánh died
On 28 January 1889, Đồng Khánh died
aged 24 after reigning for three years. He was granted the posthumous name Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝'''), with the temple name Cảnh Tông (景宗).
aged 24 after reigning for three years. He was granted the posthumous name Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝'''), with the temple name Cảnh Tông (景宗).
<gallery>

File:Mausoleum of Emperor Dong Khanh (Hue) - Lăng Đồng Khánh (2024 July) - img 20.jpg|Main gate to mausoleum of Đồng Khánh .
File:Mausoleum of Emperor Dong Khanh (Hue) - Lăng Đồng Khánh (2024 July) - img 06.jpg|Main temple of mausoleum
File:Mausoleum of Emperor Dong Khanh (Hue) - Lăng Đồng Khánh (2024 July) - img 07.jpg|Altar of the emperor in [[Huế]]
File:Tomb of DongKhanh4.JPG| Stele house in mausoleum of Đồng Khánh
File:Tomb of DongKhanh6.JPG| Statues of mandarins and elephants
</gallery>
In 1916, his son the Emperor [[Khải Định]] granted him the name Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝'''). He was buried in Tư Lăng mausoleum (思陵), which is located at Dương Xuân Thượng village, Hương Thuỷ commune, Thừa Thiên Province.
In 1916, his son the Emperor [[Khải Định]] granted him the name Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ '''Thuần Hoàng Đế''' (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠'''純皇帝'''). He was buried in Tư Lăng mausoleum (思陵), which is located at Dương Xuân Thượng village, Hương Thuỷ commune, Thừa Thiên Province.


== Gallery ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Dong Khanh.jpg|Portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh.
File:Dong Khanh.jpg|Posthumous portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh.
File:DongKhanh.jpg|Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne.
File:DongKhanh.jpg|Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne.
File:Hựu Thiên Thuần Hoàng Hậu.jpg|Empress Hựu Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
File:Hựu Thiên Thuần Hoàng Hậu.jpg|Empress [[Dương Thị Thục|Hựu Thiên]], wife of Đồng Khánh
File:Phụ Thiên Thuần Hoàng hậu.jpg|Empress Phụ Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
File:Phụ Thiên Thuần Hoàng hậu.jpg|Empress Phụ Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
</gallery>
</gallery>
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[[Category:1889 deaths]]
[[Category:1889 deaths]]
[[Category:Vietnamese monarchs]]
[[Category:Vietnamese monarchs]]
[[Category:People from Huế]]

Latest revision as of 21:37, 30 September 2024

Emperor Đồng Khánh
同慶帝
Emperor Đồng Khánh on throne in coronation day
Emperor of Đại Nam under French protectorate of Annam and Tonkin
Reign19 September 1885 – 28 January 1889
PredecessorHàm Nghi
SuccessorThành Thái
Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty
Reign19 September 1885 – 28 January 1889
PredecessorHàm Nghi
SuccessorThành Thái
Born19 February 1864
Imperial City of Huế, Đại Nam
Died28 January 1889(1889-01-28) (aged 24)
Imperial City of Huế, Annam, French Indochina
Burial
Tư Lăng
Spouse11 concubines
Issue9 including 6 sons and 3 daughter
prince Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Đảo
Names
Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Thị (阮福膺豉)
Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ (阮福膺祺)
Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường (阮福膺禟)
Nguyễn Phúc Biện (阮福昪)
Era name and dates
Đồng Khánh (同慶): 1885–1889
Posthumous name
Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝)
Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝) (1916)
Temple name
Cảnh Tông (景宗)
HouseNguyễn Phúc
FatherNguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai (son of Thiệu Trị)
MotherConcubine Bùi Thị Thanh
ReligionRuism, Buddhism

Đồng Khánh (Hanoi: [ɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ xajŋ̟˧˦], chữ Hán: 同慶, lit. "collective celebration"; 19 February 1864 – 28 January 1889), born Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ (阮福膺祺) or Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường (阮福膺禟), also known as Chánh Mông (正蒙), was the ninth emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam. He reigned four years between 1885 and 1889. His royal temple name was Cảnh Tông (景宗).

Biography

[edit]

Đồng Khánh was born on 19 February 1864 in the Imperial City of Huế. His childhood name was Chánh Mông because he was brought up in Chánh Mông palace. Đồng Khánh was the eldest son of Prince Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai, a son of emperor Thiệu Trị, and his concubine Bùi Thị Thanh.

As his uncle, Emperor Tự Đức, had no children, Đồng Khánh was adopted and given the title Kiên Giang quận công (Duke of Kiên Giang).

Rule

[edit]

After the French armies captured the city of Huế and the Imperial city fell to the French, the court regents Nguyễn Văn Tường and Tôn Thất Thuyết took the young Emperor Hàm Nghi and escaped from the Purple Forbidden City of Huế, and took him to Tân Sở in the mountains as the figurehead of a revolutionary movement against the French. To take away the legitimacy of Hàm Nghi, general de Courcy and résident de Champeaux of France asked the empress dowager Nghi Thiên to enthrone Hàm Nghi's elder half brother prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ. On 19 September 1885 with the backing of the governor of Annam, Prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ was crowned as the ninth emperor of Đại Nam with the era name of Đồng Khánh.

  • Welcome ceremony of French diplomats by Emperor Đồng Khánh at Thái Hòa throne hall (太和殿), 1886
    Welcome ceremony of French diplomats by Emperor Đồng Khánh at Thái Hòa throne hall (太和殿), 1886

Đồng Khánh was pro-French, which was noted in the diary of Trần Trọng Kim:

"Emperor Đồng Khánh had a gentle personality, loved to wear luxurious jewelry and adopted French culture[,] therefore [the] French colonial government gave favor to him. After the dethroned emperor Hàm Nghi fled to Quảng Bình, Đồng Khánh accepted the French request of travelling to Quảng Bình to persuade Hàm Nghi and his loyal subjects [to] surrender but [was] unsuccessful. After that, Hàm Nghi was betrayed by his loyal subject Trương Quang Ngọc [vi][;] then he was captured by [the] French and exiled [to] Algérie."

Death

[edit]

On 28 January 1889, Đồng Khánh died aged 24 after reigning for three years. He was granted the posthumous name Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝), with the temple name Cảnh Tông (景宗).

  • Main gate to mausoleum of Đồng Khánh .
    Main gate to mausoleum of Đồng Khánh .
  • Main temple of mausoleum
    Main temple of mausoleum
  • Altar of the emperor in Huế
    Altar of the emperor in Huế
  • Stele house in mausoleum of Đồng Khánh
    Stele house in mausoleum of Đồng Khánh
  • Statues of mandarins and elephants
    Statues of mandarins and elephants

In 1916, his son the Emperor Khải Định granted him the name Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝). He was buried in Tư Lăng mausoleum (思陵), which is located at Dương Xuân Thượng village, Hương Thuỷ commune, Thừa Thiên Province.

[edit]
  • Posthumous portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh.
    Posthumous portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh.
  • Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne.
    Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne.
  • Empress Hựu Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
    Empress Hựu Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
  • Empress Phụ Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh
    Empress Phụ Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh

References

[edit]
[edit]
Đồng Khánh
Born: 19 February 1864 Died: 28 January 1889
Regnal titles
Preceded by Emperor of Vietnam
1885–1889 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Đồng_Khánh&oldid=1248681033"