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{{Short description|1944 wartime meeting of the UK and US governments in Canada}}
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The '''Second Quebec Conference''' (codenamed "OCTAGON") was a high level military conference held during [[World War II]] between the [[United Kingdom|British]], [[Canada|Canadian]] and [[United States|American]] governments. The conference was held in [[Quebec City]], September 12, 1944 - September 16, 1944, and was the second conference to be held in Quebec, after [[Quebec Conference, 1943|"QUADRANT"]] in August 1943. The chief representatives were [[Winston Churchill]], [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]] and [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]].
{{One source |date=September 2024}}
__NOTOC__
{{Use American English |date=September 2024}}
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Agreements were reached on the following topics: Allied occupation zones in defeated Germany, the [[Morgenthau Plan]], continued U.S. economic aid to the United Kingdom, and UK [[naval]] participation in the conflict against [[Japan]].
{{Use mdy dates |date=September 2024}}
It helped the Allied powers devise a plan to win the war.
{{Infobox summit meeting
| name = Second Quebec Conference
| other_titles = Octagon
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| image = Prime Minister's Reception at the Chateau Frontenac during the Octagon Conference.jpg
| alt = <!-- See bobbyia:Alternative text for images]] -->
| caption = The Prime Minister's Reception hosted at the [[Château Frontenac]]
| country = {{flag|Canada|1921}}
| date = September 12–16, 1944
| motto =
| venues =
| cities = [[Quebec City]], Québec
| participants = {{Flag|United Kingdom}}<br/>{{Flag|United States|1912}}
| chairperson =
| follows =
| precedes =
| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| keypoints =
}}
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[[image:Eleanor Roosevelt in Canada 1944.gif|thumb|[[Eleanor Roosevelt]], [[Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone|Princess Alice]], and [[Clementine Churchill]] during the conference.]]
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The '''Second Quebec Conference''' (codenamed "OCTAGON") was a high-level military conference held during [[World War II]] by the British and American governments. The conference was held in [[Quebec City]], September 12 &ndash; September 16, 1944, and was the second conference to be held in Quebec, after [[Quebec Conference, 1943|"QUADRANT"]] in August 1943. The chief representatives were [[Winston Churchill]], [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and the [[Combined Chiefs of Staff]]. Canada's Prime Minister [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]] was the host but did not attend the key meetings.

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Agreements were reached on the following topics: Allied occupation zones in defeated Germany, the [[Morgenthau Plan]] to demilitarize Germany, continued U.S. [[Lend-Lease]] aid to Britain, and the role of the [[Royal Navy]] in the war against Japan. Based on the Hyde Park Aide-Mémoire, they made plans to drop the atomic bomb on Japan.


==See also==
==See also==
* [[First Quebec Conference]]
* [[List of World War II conferences]]
* [[List of Allied World War II conferences]]

==General references==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite Q |Q130353290 |mode=cs1 |url-status=live |access-date=2024-09-24 }}
{{refend}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* Bernier, Serge. "Mapping Victory," ''Beaver'' (2008) 88#1 pp 69–72
* John L. Chase [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-3816(195405)16%3A2%3C324%3ATDOTMP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5 "''The Development of the Morgenthau Plan Through the Quebec Conference''"] The [[Journal of Politics]], Vol. 16, No. 2 (May, 1954), pp. 324-359
* John L. Chase [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2126031 "''The Development of the Morgenthau Plan Through the Quebec Conference''"] The [[Journal of Politics]], Vol. 16, No. 2 (May 1954), pp.&nbsp;324–359


== Gallery ==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Quebec Conference, 1944}}


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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060814004031/http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/timeline/factfiles/nonflash/a1144838.shtml?sectionId=6&articleId=1144838 BBC Factfile: Second Quebec Conference]
<gallery>
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image:Prime Minister's Reception at the Chateau Frontenac during the Octagon Conference.jpg|Prime Minister's Reception at the [[Chateau Frontenac]]
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Image:Eleanor Roosevelt in Canada 1944.gif|[[Eleanor Roosevelt]], [[Alice Roosevelt Longworth|Princess Alice]], and Mrs. [[Clementine Churchill, Baroness Spencer-Churchill|Clementine Churchill]] during the Octagon Conference.
</gallery>


{{Diplomatic history of World War II}}
==External links==
{{Winston Churchill}}
* [http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?id=FRUS.FRUS1944 United States Department of State ''Foreign relations of the United States, Conference at Quebec, 1944'']
{{Franklin D. Roosevelt}}
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* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/timeline/factfiles/nonflash/a1144838.shtml?sectionId=6&articleId=1144838 BBC Factfile: Second Quebec Conference]
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:World War II conferences]]
[[Category:World War II conferences]]
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[[Category:1944 conferences]]
[[Category:1944 conferences]]
[[Category:1944 in Canada]]
[[Category:1944 in Canada]]
[[Category:1944 in international relations]]
[[Category:Canada–United States relations]]
[[Category:United Kingdom–United States relations]]
[[Category:Canada–United Kingdom relations]]
[[Category:1944 in Quebec]]
[[Category:September 1944 events in Canada]]

Latest revision as of 00:34, 1 October 2024

Second Quebec Conference
Octagon
The Prime Minister's Reception hosted at the Château Frontenac
Host country Canada
DateSeptember 12–16, 1944
CitiesQuebec City, Québec
Participants United Kingdom
 United States
Eleanor Roosevelt, Princess Alice, and Clementine Churchill during the conference.

The Second Quebec Conference (codenamed "OCTAGON") was a high-level military conference held during World War II by the British and American governments. The conference was held in Quebec City, September 12 – September 16, 1944, and was the second conference to be held in Quebec, after "QUADRANT" in August 1943. The chief representatives were Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Combined Chiefs of Staff. Canada's Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King was the host but did not attend the key meetings.

Agreements were reached on the following topics: Allied occupation zones in defeated Germany, the Morgenthau Plan to demilitarize Germany, continued U.S. Lend-Lease aid to Britain, and the role of the Royal Navy in the war against Japan. Based on the Hyde Park Aide-Mémoire, they made plans to drop the atomic bomb on Japan.

See also

[edit]

General references

[edit]
  • U.S. Secretary of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, ed. (1944). Papers and Minutes of Meetings of OCTAGON Conference and Minutes of Combined Chiefs of Staff Meetings in London, June 1944 (PDF). Combined Chiefs of Staff. ISBN 1-0755-1300-6. Wikidata Q130353290. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 23, 2024. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

Further reading

[edit]
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