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Coordinates: 49°43′34.39″N 18°54′20.64″E / 49.7262194°N 18.9057333°E / 49.7262194; 18.9057333
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{{Infobox Settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Brenna
|official_name = Brenna
|native_name =
|native_name =
|nickname =
|nickname =
|total_type =  
|settlement_type = Village
|settlement_type = Village
|motto =
|motto =
|image_skyline = Brenna.widok1.jpg
|image_skyline = Brenna 001M.jpg
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|image_caption = View from Brenna
|image_caption = View of Brenna
|image_flag =
|image_flag =
|image_seal =
|image_seal =
|image_shield = POL gmina Brenna COA.svg
|image_shield = POL Brenna COA.svg
|pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_map = Poland Silesian Voivodeship#Poland
|pushpin_label_position = bottom
|pushpin_label_position = right
|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|pushpin_map_caption =
|pushpin_mapsize =
|subdivision_name = {{POL}}
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the World|Country]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
⚫
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Silesian Voivodeship|name=Silesian}}
|subdivision_name = [[Poland]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeship]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of Polish counties|County]]
⚫
| subdivision_name2 = [[Cieszyn County|Cieszyn]]
⚫
|subdivision_name1 = [[Silesian Voivodeship|Silesian]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Poland|County]]
⚫
|subdivision_name2 = [[Cieszyn County|Cieszyn]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Brenna|Brenna]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Brenna|Brenna]]
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|leader_title =
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|leader_name =
|established_title =
|established_title = First mentioned
|established_date =
|established_date = 1490
|unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|area_footnotes =
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 =
|area_total_km2 = 78,3
|area_land_km2 =
|area_land_km2 =
|population_as_of =
|population_as_of = 2016
|population_footnotes =
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_note =
|population_total = 5200
|population_total = 6134
|population_density_km2 =
|population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset = +1
|utc_offset = +1
|timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|coordinates = {{coord|49|43|34.39|N|18|54|20.64|E|region:PL|display=inline,title}}
|latd= 49 |latm= 43 |lats= 34.39 |latNS= N
|longd= 18 |longm= 54 |longs= 20.64 |longEW= E
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 420
|elevation_m = 420
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{{Audio|Brenna.ogg|'''Brenna'''}} is a village in and the seat of [[Gmina Brenna]], [[Cieszyn County]], [[Silesian Voivodeship]], southern [[Poland]], located in the historical region of [[Cieszyn Silesia]].
{{Audio|Brenna.ogg|'''Brenna'''}} is a village in and the seat of [[Gmina Brenna]], [[Cieszyn County]], [[Silesian Voivodeship]], southern [[Poland]], located in the historical region of [[Cieszyn Silesia]].
It is located in the [[Silesian Beskids]] mountain range.
It is located in the [[Silesian Beskids]] mountain range, along the river [[Brennica]], right tributary of the [[Vistula]] river.


==History==
The village was first mentioned in 1490 as ''z Brennej'' (''from Brenna'').<ref>{{cite book | last = Panic | first = Idzi | authorlink = Idzi Panic | title = Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) |trans-title=Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528) | publisher = Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie | year = 2010 | location = Cieszyn | page = 313 | language = Polish |isbn = 978-83-926929-3-5 }}</ref><ref name="mrozek">{{cite book | last = Mrózek | first = Robert | title = Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego |trans-title=Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia | publisher = [[University of Silesia in Katowice|Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach]] | year = 1984 | location = Katowice | pages = 45 | language = Polish |issn = 0208-6336}}</ref> Politically the village belonged then to the [[Duchy of Teschen]], a [[Fee (feudal tenure)|fee]] of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]], which after 1526 became part of the [[Habsburg monarchy]].

In years 1573/1577–1594 it belonged to [[Skoczów]]-[[Strumień]] [[state country]] that was split from the Duchy of Teschen but was later purchased back.<ref>{{cite book | last = Panic | first = Idzi | authorlink = Idzi Panic | title = Śląsk Cieszyński w początkach czasów nowożytnych (1528-1653) |trans-title=Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era (1528-1653) | publisher = Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie | year = 2011 | location = Cieszyn | pages = 68, 228 | language = Polish |isbn = 978-83-926929-5-9 }}</ref> Since 1653 it belonged to [[Teschener Kammer]].

After [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire]] a modern [[municipality|municipal division]] was introduced in the re-established [[Austrian Silesia]]. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the [[Districts of Austria|political district]] of [[Bielsko]] and the [[legal district]] of [[Skoczów]]. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality dropped from 2986 in 1880 to 2963 in 1910, with majority of the inhabitants being native Polish-speakers (97.7–99.4%) and a dwindling minority of German speakers (62 or 2.1% in 1880 and 18 or 0.6% in 1910) and rising Czech-speaking (7 or 0.2% in 1880 and 24 or 0.8% in 1910), most of the citizens were [[Roman Catholics]] (2520, 85.1% in 1910), followed by [[Protestants]] (419, 14.1%) and [[Jews]] (24, 0.8%).<ref>{{cite book | last = Piątkowski | first = Kazimierz | title = Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem | publisher = Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego | year = 1918 | location = Cieszyn | pages = 255, 277 | language = Polish |url = http://obc.opole.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=1076 }}</ref> The village was also traditionally inhabited by [[Silesian Gorals]], speaking [[Cieszyn Silesian dialect]].

After [[World War I]], fall of [[Austria-Hungary]], [[Polish–Czechoslovak War]] and the division of [[Cieszyn Silesia]] in 1920, it became a part of [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]]. It was then [[Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany|annexed]] by [[Nazi Germany]] at the beginning of [[World War II]]. After the war it was restored to [[Poland]].

==Landmarks==
* Saint John Church built in the 18th century, with a rectory from 1789.

==People==
[[Karol Holeksa]], Polish politician, was born here.
[[Karol Holeksa]], Polish politician, was born here.


==Twin towns and sister cities==
⚫
==External links==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland}}
⚫
* {{pl icon}} [http://www.brenna.org.pl/ Official Gmina Brenna website]
*{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Siófok]], [[Hungary]]
⚫
* {{pl icon}} [http://www.brenna.pl/ Unofficial Brenna website]


==References==
{{commonscat|Brenna}}
{{reflist}}

⚫
==External links==
{{commons category|Brenna, Poland|Brenna}}
⚫
*{{in lang|pl}} [http://www.brenna.org.pl/ Official Gmina Brenna website]
⚫
*{{in lang|pl}} [http://www.wbrennej.pl/ Portal Information Brenna website]


{{Gmina Brenna}}
{{Gmina Brenna}}
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[[Category:Villages in Cieszyn County]]
[[Category:Villages in Cieszyn County]]
[[Category:Cieszyn Silesia]]
{{Silesian-geo-stub}}

[[de:Brenna (Polen)]]
[[nl:Brenna (Polen)]]
[[pl:Brenna]]

Latest revision as of 01:37, 4 October 2024

Brenna
Village
View of Brenna
View of Brenna
Coat of arms of Brenna
Coat of arms
Brenna is located in Silesian Voivodeship
Brenna
Brenna
Brenna is located in Poland
Brenna
Brenna
Coordinates: 49°43′34.39″N 18°54′20.64″E / 49.7262194°N 18.9057333°E / 49.7262194; 18.9057333
Country Poland
Voivodeship Silesian
CountyCieszyn
GminaBrenna
First mentioned1490
Area
 • Total
783 km2 (302 sq mi)
Elevation
420 m (1,380 ft)
Population
 (2016)
 • Total
6,134
 • Density7.8/km2 (20/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
43-438
Car platesSCI
Websitehttp://www.brenna.org.pl

Brennaⓘ is a village in and the seat of Gmina Brenna, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, located in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. It is located in the Silesian Beskids mountain range, along the river Brennica, right tributary of the Vistula river.

History

[edit]

The village was first mentioned in 1490 as z Brennej (from Brenna).[1][2] Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy.

In years 1573/1577–1594 it belonged to Skoczów-Strumień state country that was split from the Duchy of Teschen but was later purchased back.[3] Since 1653 it belonged to Teschener Kammer.

After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political district of Bielsko and the legal district of Skoczów. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality dropped from 2986 in 1880 to 2963 in 1910, with majority of the inhabitants being native Polish-speakers (97.7–99.4%) and a dwindling minority of German speakers (62 or 2.1% in 1880 and 18 or 0.6% in 1910) and rising Czech-speaking (7 or 0.2% in 1880 and 24 or 0.8% in 1910), most of the citizens were Roman Catholics (2520, 85.1% in 1910), followed by Protestants (419, 14.1%) and Jews (24, 0.8%).[4] The village was also traditionally inhabited by Silesian Gorals, speaking Cieszyn Silesian dialect.

After World War I, fall of Austria-Hungary, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of Poland. It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Poland.

Landmarks

[edit]
  • Saint John Church built in the 18th century, with a rectory from 1789.

People

[edit]

Karol Holeksa, Polish politician, was born here.

Twin towns and sister cities

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Panic, Idzi (2010). Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) [Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. p. 313. ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5.
  2. ^ Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach. p. 45. ISSN 0208-6336.
  3. ^ Panic, Idzi (2011). Śląsk Cieszyński w początkach czasów nowożytnych (1528-1653) [Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era (1528-1653)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. pp. 68, 228. ISBN 978-83-926929-5-9.
  4. ^ Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 255, 277.
[edit]
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