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{{Short description|Funerary stele with inscriptions written in Greek and Armazic (150 AD)}}
{{Infobox artifact
{{Infobox artifact
| name = Stele of Serapeitis
| name = Stele of Serapeitis
Line 8: Line 9:
| writing = [[Ancient Greek]] and [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]
| writing = [[Ancient Greek]] and [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]
| created = 150 AD
| created = 150 AD
| discovered = 1940
| place = [[Armazi]]
| location = [[Georgian National Museum]], [[Rustaveli Avenue]], [[Tbilisi]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]
| location = [[Georgian National Museum]], [[Rustaveli Avenue]], [[Tbilisi]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]
| id =
| id =
|discovered_date=1940|discovered_place=[[Armazi]]}}
}}
The '''Stele of Serapeitis'''{{cref2|a}} ({{lang-ka|სერაფიტას სტელა}}) is a funerary [[stele]] with [[bilingual inscription]]s written in [[Ancient Greek]] and [[Armazic language|Armazic]], a local idiom of [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]], found in 1940, at [[Armazi]], near [[Mtskheta]], in the ancient capital of the [[Kingdom of Iberia (antiquity)|Kingdom of Iberia]]. The stele [[Memorialization|memorialises]] a short-lived Georgian princess named Serapeitis.<ref>Lang, p. 4</ref> The inscriptions mention Georgian monarchs, [[Pharnavaz I of Iberia|Pharnavaz I]] and [[Pharasmanes II of Iberia|Pharasmanes II]], and other members of [[aristocracy]]. The inscriptions are dated 150 AD.<ref name="Rapp">Rapp, p. 216</ref><ref>Lang, p. 5</ref> It is known as [[Kanaanäische und Aramäische Inschriften|KAI]] 276.
The '''Stele of Serapeitis'''{{cref2|a}} ({{lang-ka|სერაფიტას სტელა}}) is a funerary [[stele]] with [[bilingual inscription]]s written in [[Ancient Greek]] and [[Armazic language|Armazic]],<ref>Opper, p. 152</ref> a local idiom of [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]], found in 1940, at [[Armazi]], near [[Mtskheta]], in the ancient capital of the [[Kingdom of Iberia (antiquity)|Kingdom of Iberia]]. The stele [[Memorialization|memorialises]] a short-lived Georgian princess named Serapeitis.<ref>Lang, p. 4</ref> The inscriptions mention Georgian monarchs, [[Pharnavaz I of Iberia|Pharnavaz I]] and [[Pharasmanes II of Iberia|Pharasmanes II]], and other members of [[aristocracy]].<ref name="Rapp">Rapp, p. 216</ref> The inscriptions are dated 150 AD.<ref>Lang, p. 5</ref><ref>Rapp, p. 64</ref> It is known as [[Kanaanäische und Aramäische Inschriften|KAI]] 276.


==Inscriptions==
==Inscriptions==
===Ancient Greek inscription===
===Ancient Greek inscription===
⚫
::CHPAΠEITIC ZHOΥAXOΥ
{{cquote|
⚫
::TOΥ NEΩTEPOΥ ΠITIAΞOΥ
⚫
CHPAΠEITIC ZHOΥAXOΥ<br>
⚫
::ΘΥΓATHP ΠOΥΠΛIKIOΥ AΓPIΠΠA ΠITI
⚫
TOΥ NEΩTEPOΥ ΠITIAΞOΥ<br>
⚫
::AΞOΥ ΥIOΥ IΩΔMANΓANOΥ ΓΥNH
⚫
ΘΥΓATHP ΠOΥΠΛIKIOΥ AΓPIΠΠA ΠITI<br>
⚫
::TOΥ ΠOΛΛAC NEIKAC ΠOIHCANTOC
⚫
AΞOΥ ΥIOΥ IΩΔMANΓANOΥ ΓΥNH<br>
⚫
::EΠITPOΠOΥ BACIΛEΩC IBHPΩN
⚫
TOΥ ΠOΛΛAC NEIKAC ΠOIHCANTOC<br>
⚫
::MEΓAΛOΥ ΞEΦAPNOΥΓOΥ AΠE
⚫
EΠITPOΠOΥ BACIΛEΩC IBHPΩN<br>
⚫
::ΘANE NEΩTEPA ETΩN K—A
⚫
MEΓAΛOΥ ΞEΦAPNOΥΓOΥ AΠE<br>
⚫
::HTIC TO KAΛΛOC AMEIMHTON
⚫
ΘANE NEΩTEPA ETΩN K—A<br>
⚫
::EIXE<ref>Opper, p. 153</ref>
⚫
HTIC TO KAΛΛOC AMEIMHTON<br>
⚫
EIXE<ref>Opper, p. 153</ref>


Serapeitis, daughter of Zeouach the Younger, pitiaxes, wife of Iodmanganos, son of Publicius Agrippa, pitiaxes, who won many battles as ''[[epitropos]]'' of the great king of the Iberians, Xepharnougos. She died, younger than twenty-one years, who had inimitable beauty.<ref name="Rapp"/>}}
::Serapeitis, daughter of Zeouach the Younger, pitiaxes, wife of Iodmanganos, son of Publicius Agrippa, pitiaxes, who won many battles as ''[[epitropos]]'' of the great king of the Iberians, Xepharnougos. She died, younger than twenty-one years, who had inimitable beauty.<ref name="Rapp"/>


===Aramaic inscription===
===Aramaic inscription===
{{cquote|I am Serapit, daughter of Zewah the Younger, pitiaxes of King [[Pharasmanes II of Iberia|Pharasmanes]], wife of Yodmangan the victorious and winner of many victories, master of the court of King Xepharnougos and the son of Agrippa, master of the court of King Pharasmanes, victorious over the mighty, which [[Pharnavaz I of Iberia|Pharnavaz]] could not accomplish. Serapit was so fine and beautiful that no one was her equal in beauty. And she died in her twenty-first year.<ref name="Rapp"/>}}
::I am Serapit, daughter of Zewah the Younger, [[Bidaxsh|pitiaxes]] of King [[Pharasmanes II of Iberia|Pharasmanes]], wife of Yodmangan the victorious and winner of many victories, master of the court of King Xepharnougos and the son of Agrippa, master of the court of King Pharasmanes, victorious over the mighty, which [[Pharnavaz I of Iberia|Pharnavaz]] could not accomplish. Serapit was so fine and beautiful that no one was her equal in beauty. And she died in her twenty-first year.<ref name="Rapp"/>


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Cnote2 Begin}}
{{Cnote2 Begin}}
{{Cnote2|a|n=1|In Georgian scholarly works is known as '''Armazi bilingual''' ({{lang-ka|არმაზის ბილინგვა}}).}}
{{Cnote2|a|n=1|In Georgian scholarly works the stele is known as '''Armazi bilingual''' ({{lang-ka|არმაზის ბილინგვა}}).<ref>Rapp, pp. 65-217</ref>}}
{{Cnote2 End}}
{{Cnote2 End}}


Line 43: Line 41:


==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
*Opper, T. (2013) Hadrian: Art, Politics and Economy, [[British Museum]], [[ISBN]] 9780861591756
*Opper, T. (2013) Hadrian: Art, Politics and Economy, [[British Museum]], {{ISBN|9780861591756}}
*Rapp, Stephen H. Jr (2014) The Sasanian World through Georgian Eyes: Caucasia and the Iranian Commonwealth in Late Antique Georgian Literature, [[Ashgate Publishing]]
*[[Stephen H. Rapp Jr|Rapp, Stephen H. Jr]] (2014) The Sasanian World through Georgian Eyes: Caucasia and the Iranian Commonwealth in Late Antique Georgian Literature, [[Ashgate Publishing]]
*[[Bruce Metzger|Metzger, B. M.]] (1968) ʻA Greek and Aramaic Inscription Discovered at Armazi in Georgia’ in idem, Historical and Literary Studies; Pagan, Jewish, and Greek, Leiden: Brill, p. 34-47.
*[[David Marshall Lang|Lang, D. M.]] (1966) Landmarks in Georgian Literature, School of Oriental and African Studies, [[University of Michigan]]
*[[David Marshall Lang|Lang, D. M.]] (1966) Landmarks in Georgian Literature, School of Oriental and African Studies, [[University of Michigan]]


===Further reading===
===Further reading===
*[[Giorgi Tsereteli|Tsereteli, G.]] (1942) Armazi Bilingual, XIII, Tbilisi
*[[Giorgi Tsereteli (orientalist)|Tsereteli, G.]] (1942) Armazi Bilingual, XIII, Tbilisi
*[[Akaki Shanidze|Shanidze, A.]] (1941) Bilinguals from Armazi, V. II, Tbilisi
*[[Akaki Shanidze|Shanidze, A.]] (1941) Bilinguals from Armazi, V. II, Tbilisi
*[[Simon Kaukhchishvili|Kaukhchishvili, S.]] (1941) Greek inscriptions of Armazi, V. II, Tbilisi
*[[Simon Kaukhchishvili|Kaukhchishvili, S.]] (1941) Greek inscriptions of Armazi, V. II, Tbilisi
⚫
[[Category:2nd-century inscriptions]]

⚫
[[Category:2nd-century sculptures]]
[[Category:1940 archaeological discoveries]]
[[Category:1940 archaeological discoveries]]
[[Category:Archaeological artifacts]]
[[Category:2nd-century artifacts]]
[[Category:Roman-era Greek inscriptions]]
[[Category:Roman-era Greek inscriptions]]
[[Category:Aramaic inscriptions]] [[Category:KAI inscriptions]]
[[Category:Aramaic inscriptions]]
[[Category:KAI inscriptions]]
[[Category:Multilingual texts]]
[[Category:Multilingual texts]]
[[Category:Pharnavazid dynasty]]
[[Category:Pharnavazid dynasty]]
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[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Tbilisi]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Tbilisi]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials to women]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials to women]]
[[Category:Archaeological discoveries in Georgia (country)]]

Latest revision as of 13:47, 4 October 2024

Stele of Serapeitis
MaterialStone
WritingAncient Greek and Aramaic
Created150 AD
Discovered1940
Armazi
Present locationGeorgian National Museum, Rustaveli Avenue, Tbilisi, Georgia

The Stele of Serapeitis[a] (Georgian: სერაფიტას სტელა) is a funerary stele with bilingual inscriptions written in Ancient Greek and Armazic,[1] a local idiom of Aramaic, found in 1940, at Armazi, near Mtskheta, in the ancient capital of the Kingdom of Iberia. The stele memorialises a short-lived Georgian princess named Serapeitis.[2] The inscriptions mention Georgian monarchs, Pharnavaz I and Pharasmanes II, and other members of aristocracy.[3] The inscriptions are dated 150 AD.[4][5] It is known as KAI 276.

Inscriptions

[edit]

Ancient Greek inscription

[edit]
CHPAΠEITIC ZHOΥAXOΥ
TOΥ NEΩTEPOΥ ΠITIAΞOΥ
ΘΥΓATHP ΠOΥΠΛIKIOΥ AΓPIΠΠA ΠITI
AΞOΥ ΥIOΥ IΩΔMANΓANOΥ ΓΥNH
TOΥ ΠOΛΛAC NEIKAC ΠOIHCANTOC
EΠITPOΠOΥ BACIΛEΩC IBHPΩN
MEΓAΛOΥ ΞEΦAPNOΥΓOΥ AΠE
ΘANE NEΩTEPA ETΩN K—A
HTIC TO KAΛΛOC AMEIMHTON
EIXE[6]
Serapeitis, daughter of Zeouach the Younger, pitiaxes, wife of Iodmanganos, son of Publicius Agrippa, pitiaxes, who won many battles as epitropos of the great king of the Iberians, Xepharnougos. She died, younger than twenty-one years, who had inimitable beauty.[3]

Aramaic inscription

[edit]
I am Serapit, daughter of Zewah the Younger, pitiaxes of King Pharasmanes, wife of Yodmangan the victorious and winner of many victories, master of the court of King Xepharnougos and the son of Agrippa, master of the court of King Pharasmanes, victorious over the mighty, which Pharnavaz could not accomplish. Serapit was so fine and beautiful that no one was her equal in beauty. And she died in her twenty-first year.[3]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^
    In Georgian scholarly works the stele is known as Armazi bilingual (Georgian: არმაზის ბილინგვა).[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Opper, p. 152
  2. ^ Lang, p. 4
  3. ^ a b c Rapp, p. 216
  4. ^ Lang, p. 5
  5. ^ Rapp, p. 64
  6. ^ Opper, p. 153
  7. ^ Rapp, pp. 65-217

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Opper, T. (2013) Hadrian: Art, Politics and Economy, British Museum, ISBN 9780861591756
  • Rapp, Stephen H. Jr (2014) The Sasanian World through Georgian Eyes: Caucasia and the Iranian Commonwealth in Late Antique Georgian Literature, Ashgate Publishing
  • Metzger, B. M. (1968) ʻA Greek and Aramaic Inscription Discovered at Armazi in Georgia’ in idem, Historical and Literary Studies; Pagan, Jewish, and Greek, Leiden: Brill, p. 34-47.
  • Lang, D. M. (1966) Landmarks in Georgian Literature, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of Michigan

Further reading

[edit]
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