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{{Short description|Chinese politician}}
{{Chinese name|[[Meng (surname)|Meng]]}}
{{family name hatnote|[[Meng (surname)|Meng]]|lang=Chinese}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Meng Jianzhu
|name = Meng Jianzhu
|native_name = {{nobold|孟建柱}}
|native_name = {{nobold|孟建柱}}
|office = Secretary of the [[Central Politics and Law Commission of the Communist Party of China|Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission]]
|office = Secretary of the [[Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission]]
|deputy = [[Guo Shengkun]]
|deputy = [[Guo Shengkun]]
|image = Meng Jianzhu in New Delhi on November 09, 2016 (cropped).jpg
|image =
|caption = Meng Jianzhu in New Delhi on November 9, 2016

|1blankname = {{nowrap|General Secretary}}
|1blankname = {{nowrap|General Secretary}}
|1namedata = [[Xi Jinping]]
|1namedata = [[Xi Jinping]]
|term_start = 21 November 2012
|term_start = 20 November 2012
|term_end = 31 October 2017
|term_end = 31 October 2017
|predecessor = [[Zhou Yongkang]]
|predecessor = [[Zhou Yongkang]]
|successor = [[Guo Shengkun]]
|successor = [[Guo Shengkun]]
|office2 = [[Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China|Minister of Public Security]]
|office2 = [[Minister of Public Security (China)|Minister of Public Security]]
|premier2 = [[Wen Jiabao]]
|premier2 = [[Wen Jiabao]]
|term_start2 = 29 October 2007
|term_start2 = 29 October 2007
Line 20: Line 21:
|successor2 = [[Guo Shengkun]]
|successor2 = [[Guo Shengkun]]
|office3 = [[Politics of Jiangxi|Communist Party Secretary]] of [[Jiangxi]]
|office3 = [[Politics of Jiangxi|Communist Party Secretary]] of [[Jiangxi]]
|deputy3 = [[Huang Zhiquan]] (2001-2006)<br>[[Wu Xinxiong]] (2006-)
|deputy3 = [[Huang Zhiquan (politician, born 1942)|Huang Zhiquan]] (2001–2006)<br>[[Wu Xinxiong]] (2006–)
|term_start3 = April 2001
|term_start3 = April 2001
|term_end3 = October 2007
|term_end3 = October 2007
Line 29: Line 30:
|death_date =
|death_date =
|death_place =
|death_place =
|party = [[Communist Party of China]]
|party = [[Chinese Communist Party]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Shanghai for Science and Technology|Shanghai Mechanical College]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Shanghai for Science and Technology|Shanghai Mechanical College]]
}}
}}


'''Meng Jianzhu''' ({{zh |c = 孟建柱 |p = Mèng Jiànzhù }}; born July 1947) is a retired Chinese politician best known for his term as the Secretary of [[Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission]] of the [[Communist Party of China]] between 2012 and 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://english.gov.cn/2012-11/19/content_2270273.htm |title = Archived copy |accessdate=2012-11-20 |url-status=dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130406170513/http://english.gov.cn/2012-11/19/content_2270273.htm |archivedate=2013-04-06 }}</ref> He also headed the [[Central Public Security Comprehensive Management Commission]].
'''Meng Jianzhu''' ({{zh |c = 孟建柱 |p = Mèng Jiànzhù }}; born July 1947) is a retired Chinese politician best known for his term as the Secretary of [[Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission]] of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] between 2012 and 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://english.gov.cn/2012-11/19/content_2270273.htm |title = Meng Jianzhu appointed head of CPC Political and Legal Affairs Commission |access-date=2012-11-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130406170513/http://english.gov.cn/2012-11/19/content_2270273.htm |archive-date=2013-04-06 }}</ref> He also headed the [[Central Public Security Comprehensive Management Commission]].


Meng began his career in a farming cooperative based in rural Shanghai. He made his way up the ranks in the city, serving as vice mayor in charge of agriculture, then deputy party chief. Prior to his tenure as ''Zhengfawei'' chief, he also served as the [[Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China|Minister of Public Security]] and [[Communist Party Secretary]] of [[Jiangxi]] Province.
Meng began his career in a farming cooperative based in rural Shanghai. He made his way up the ranks in the city, serving as vice mayor in charge of agriculture, then [[Deputy Party Committee Secretary|deputy party secretary]]. Prior to his tenure as ''Zhengfawei'' secretary, he also served as the [[Minister of Public Security (China)|Minister of Public Security]] and [[Party Committee Secretary|Communist Party Secretary]] of [[Jiangxi]] Province.


== Biography ==
== Biography ==


===Early Life, Shanghai===
===Early life, Shanghai===
Meng was born in July 1947 in [[Wu County]], a present-day urban district of [[Suzhou]], [[Jiangsu]] Province. In the 1960s, he headed to [[Changxing Island, Shanghai|Changxing Island]] in Shanghai to become a tractor operator. For the next 13 years he worked on the rural agricultural cooperative. He graduated from the Shanghai Mechanical College (now part of [[University of Shanghai for Science and Technology]]). He joined the Communist Party of China in 1971. He became head of the rural cooperative in 1981.<ref name=australia>{{cite news |title = 孟建柱官场路:先低调再重拳出击 |url = http://dailynews.sina.com/gb/chn/chnnews/ausdaily/20090424/0021180456.html |work = Aozhou Ribao |date = 2009-04-21 }}</ref>
Meng was born in July 1947 in [[Wu County]], a present-day urban district of [[Suzhou]], [[Jiangsu]] Province. In the 1960s, he headed to [[Changxing Island, Shanghai|Changxing Island]] in Shanghai to become a tractor operator. For the next 13 years he worked on the rural agricultural cooperative. He graduated from the Shanghai Mechanical College (now part of [[University of Shanghai for Science and Technology]]). He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1971. He became head of the rural cooperative in 1981.<ref name=australia>{{cite news |title = 孟建柱官场路:先低调再重拳出击 |url = http://dailynews.sina.com/gb/chn/chnnews/ausdaily/20090424/0021180456.html |work = Aozhou Ribao |date = 2009-04-21 }}</ref>

He spent much of his earlier political career in Shanghai. He served in leading roles in [[Chuansha County]] (which became [[Pudong New District]] in 1992) and [[Jiading County]], before being transferred to become one of the deputy mayors of [[Shanghai]] starting in 1993. His portfolio included was agriculture and rural development. In 1996 he was promoted to become the deputy Communist Party secretary of Shanghai, one of the most powerful positions in China's commercial hub. He held the position until 2001. While in Shanghai Meng was low-key and camera-shy, but was largely popular with city residents.<ref name=australia/>


=== Party secretary of Jiangxi===
He spent much of his earlier political career in Shanghai. He served in leading roles in Chuansha County (which became [[Pudong New District]] in 1992) and [[Jiading County]], before being transferred to become one of the deputy mayors of [[Shanghai]] starting in 1993. His portfolio included was agriculture and rural development. In 1996 he was promoted to become the deputy Communist Party secretary of Shanghai, one of the most powerful positions in China's commercial hub. He held the position until 2001. While in Shanghai Meng was low-key and camera-shy, but was largely popular with city residents.<ref name=australia/>
In 2001, Meng was appointed the Communist Party secretary of [[Jiangxi]] Province. Some say Meng was transferred out of Shanghai because he had lost out on a struggle to [[Chen Liangyu]] become the city's party secretary.<ref name=australia/> Meng and Chen were polar opposites in many ways Chen preferred to be in the limelight while Meng preferred doing work behind the scenes. Meng was also known for paying regular respects for retired municipal politicians. When Meng arrived in Jiangxi, most residents were optimistic. A common refrain amongst Jiangxi residents at the time was "If Jiangxi wants to be rich, keep Meng Jianzhu!" (“江西要致富,留住孟建柱!”).


While Meng was often regarded by observers as a "soft" leader, he was known for his strong adherence to rules and principles. For example, once during a provincial conference of officials at county level and above, some county leaders did not show up and instead sent their assistants to attend. Meng responded to this by postponing the entire conference until all the required attendees arrived as a means to reprimand those who failed to show.<ref name=australia/> He remained party secretary of Jiangxi until October 28, 2007, when he was transferred to Beijing and appointed the Minister of the Public Security, replacing political heavyweight [[Zhou Yongkang]], who was elevated to become a member of the [[Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]].
=== Party chief of Jiangxi===
In 2001, Meng was appointed the Communist Party secretary of [[Jiangxi]] Province. Some say Meng was transferred out of Shanghai because he had lost out on a struggle to [[Chen Liangyu]] become the city's party boss.<ref name=australia/> Meng and Chen were polar opposites in many ways - Chen preferred to be in the limelight while Meng preferred doing work behind the scenes. Meng was also known for paying regular respects for retired municipal politicians. When Meng arrived in Jiangxi, most residents were optimistic. A common refrain amongst Jiangxi residents at the time was "If Jiangxi wants to be rich, keep Meng Jianzhu!" (“江西要致富,留住孟建柱!”).


===Politburo and Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission===
While Meng was often regarded by observers as a "soft" leader, he was known for his strong adherence to rules and principles. For example, once during a provincial conference of officials at county level and above, some county leaders did not show up and instead sent their assistants to attend. Meng responded to this by postponing the entire conference until all the required attendees arrived as a means to reprimand those who failed to show.<ref name=australia/> He remained party chief of Jiangxi until October 28, 2007, when he was transferred to Beijing and appointed the Minister of the Public Security, replacing political heavyweight [[Zhou Yongkang]], who was elevated to become a member of the [[Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China|Politburo Standing Committee]].


Meng became a member of the [[Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party]] in November 2012, following the [[18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party|18th Party Congress]]. He succeeded Zhou as Secretary of the [[Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission]]. However, the commission's powers and autonomy was significantly curbed during Meng's term as a result of the consolidation of power around the [[Xi Jinping Administration|central authority]] of [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party|Party general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]]. In December 2012, he was succeeded by [[Guo Shengkun]] as Minister of Public Security. In January 2013, Meng announced that his commission would begin work on abolishing the "[[re-education through labour]]" system, which has been widely criticized internationally.<ref name=forcedlabour>{{cite news|title=China to end notorious forced labour system|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1122470/china-end-notorious-forced-labour-system|work=South China Morning Post|date=January 16, 2013}}</ref> This was further cemented at the third plenary session of the 18th Central Committee held in November 2013. The implementation of the policy was largely completed by the end of that year. Meng also criticized the interference of local party authorities, specifically the Political and Legal Affairs Commissions at the local or provincial government level for the practice of interference in individual court cases, compromising the integrity of judicial independence.<ref name=scmpjan9>{{cite news|title=Security tsar Meng Jianzhu criticises interference in court proceedings|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1123355/security-tsar-meng-jianzhu-criticises-interference-court-proceedings|work=South China Morning Post|date=January 9, 2013}}</ref>
===Politburo and Political and Legal Affairs Commission===


While his predecessor Zhou Yongkang underwent [[Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping|investigation for corruption]] and other offenses in 2014, Meng remained untouched by the scandal despite having served under Zhou for five years as public security minister due to the bad relationship and clashes between Zhou and Meng. Other former subordinates of Zhou in the ministry, such as former deputy minister [[Li Dongsheng]], were detained for investigation.
Meng became a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China in November 2012, following the [[18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China|18th Party Congress]]. He succeeded Zhou as Secretary of the [[Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission]]. However, the commission's powers and autonomy was significantly curbed during Meng's term as a result of the consolidation of power around the central authority of Xi Jinping. In December 2012, he was succeeded by [[Guo Shengkun]] as Minister of Public Security. In January 2013, Meng announced that his commission would begin work on abolishing the "[[re-education through labour]]" system, which has been widely criticized internationally.<ref name=forcedlabour>{{cite news|title=China to end notorious forced labour system|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1122470/china-end-notorious-forced-labour-system|work=South China Morning Post|date=January 16, 2013}}</ref> This was further cemented at the third plenary session of the 18th Central Committee held in November 2013. The implementation of the policy was largely completed by the end of that year. Meng also criticized the interference of local party authorities, particularly local ''Zhengfawei'', in individual court cases.<ref name=scmpjan9>{{cite news|title=Security tsar Meng Jianzhu criticises interference in court proceedings|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1123355/security-tsar-meng-jianzhu-criticises-interference-court-proceedings|work=South China Morning Post|date=January 9, 2013}}</ref>


Meng retired from Politburo and Political and Legal Affairs Commission after the 19th Party Congress in October 2017, which [[Guo Shengkun]] succeed Meng's position as Secretary of Political and Legal Affairs Commission.
While his predecessor Zhou Yongkang underwent investigation for corruption and other offenses in 2014, Meng remained untouched by the scandal despite having served under Zhou for five years as public security minister. Other former subordinates of Zhou in the ministry, such as former deputy minister [[Li Dongsheng]], were detained for investigation.


== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
Line 59: Line 62:


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{in lang|zh}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2002-02/22/content_286790.htm Meng Jianzhu's profile], [[Xinhuanet]], October 29, 2007.
* {{in lang|zh}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20030803150744/http://news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2002-02/22/content_286790.htm Meng Jianzhu's profile], [[Xinhuanet]], October 29, 2007.


{{-}}
{{-}}
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|-
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Shu Huiguo]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Shu Huiguo]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Communist Party of China]] [[Jiangxi Province]] Committee Secretary|years=2001–2007}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Party Committee Secretary|Communist Party Secretary]] of [[Jiangxi Province]] Committee|years=2001–2007}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Su Rong]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Su Rong]]}}
|-
|-
{{s-par}}
{{s-par}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Shu Huiguo]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Shu Huiguo]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the Jiangxi [[Politics_of_China#Local_government|People's Congress]] Standing Committee|years=2001–2008}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the Jiangxi [[Politics of China#Local government|People's Congress]] Standing Committee|years=2001–2008}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Su Rong]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Su Rong]]}}
|-
|-
{{s-gov}}
{{s-gov}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Zhou Yongkang]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Zhou Yongkang]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China|Minister of Public Security]]|years=2007–2012}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Minister of Public Security (China)|Minister of Public Security]]|years=2007–2012}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Guo Shengkun]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Guo Shengkun]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


{{18th Politburo of the Communist Party of China}}
{{18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party}}
{{State councillors}}
{{State councillors}}
{{Minister of Public Security of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Minister of Public Security of the People's Republic of China}}
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[[Category:Political office-holders in Jiangxi]]
[[Category:Political office-holders in Jiangxi]]
[[Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu]]
[[Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Communist Party of China politicians from Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Chinese Communist Party politicians from Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Ministers of Public Security of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Ministers of public security of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Members of the 18th Politburo of the Communist Party of China]]
[[Category:Members of the 18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party]]
[[Category:State councillors of China]]
[[Category:State councillors of China]]
[[Category:University of Shanghai for Science and Technology alumni]]
[[Category:University of Shanghai for Science and Technology alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the 17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]]
[[Category:Members of the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]]
[[Category:Alternate members of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]]

Latest revision as of 01:55, 5 October 2024

Meng Jianzhu
孟建柱
Meng Jianzhu in New Delhi on November 9, 2016
Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission
In office
20 November 2012 – 31 October 2017
DeputyGuo Shengkun
General SecretaryXi Jinping
Preceded byZhou Yongkang
Succeeded byGuo Shengkun
Minister of Public Security
In office
29 October 2007 – 28 December 2012
PremierWen Jiabao
Preceded byZhou Yongkang
Succeeded byGuo Shengkun
Communist Party Secretary of Jiangxi
In office
April 2001 – October 2007
DeputyHuang Zhiquan (2001–2006)
Wu Xinxiong (2006–)
Preceded byShu Huiguo
Succeeded bySu Rong
Personal details
BornJuly 1947 (age 77)
Wu County, Jiangsu
Political partyChinese Communist Party
Alma materShanghai Mechanical College

Meng Jianzhu (Chinese: 孟建柱; pinyin: Mèng Jiànzhù; born July 1947) is a retired Chinese politician best known for his term as the Secretary of Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the Chinese Communist Party between 2012 and 2017.[1] He also headed the Central Public Security Comprehensive Management Commission.

Meng began his career in a farming cooperative based in rural Shanghai. He made his way up the ranks in the city, serving as vice mayor in charge of agriculture, then deputy party secretary. Prior to his tenure as Zhengfawei secretary, he also served as the Minister of Public Security and Communist Party Secretary of Jiangxi Province.

Biography

[edit]

Early life, Shanghai

[edit]

Meng was born in July 1947 in Wu County, a present-day urban district of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. In the 1960s, he headed to Changxing Island in Shanghai to become a tractor operator. For the next 13 years he worked on the rural agricultural cooperative. He graduated from the Shanghai Mechanical College (now part of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology). He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1971. He became head of the rural cooperative in 1981.[2]

He spent much of his earlier political career in Shanghai. He served in leading roles in Chuansha County (which became Pudong New District in 1992) and Jiading County, before being transferred to become one of the deputy mayors of Shanghai starting in 1993. His portfolio included was agriculture and rural development. In 1996 he was promoted to become the deputy Communist Party secretary of Shanghai, one of the most powerful positions in China's commercial hub. He held the position until 2001. While in Shanghai Meng was low-key and camera-shy, but was largely popular with city residents.[2]

Party secretary of Jiangxi

[edit]

In 2001, Meng was appointed the Communist Party secretary of Jiangxi Province. Some say Meng was transferred out of Shanghai because he had lost out on a struggle to Chen Liangyu become the city's party secretary.[2] Meng and Chen were polar opposites in many ways – Chen preferred to be in the limelight while Meng preferred doing work behind the scenes. Meng was also known for paying regular respects for retired municipal politicians. When Meng arrived in Jiangxi, most residents were optimistic. A common refrain amongst Jiangxi residents at the time was "If Jiangxi wants to be rich, keep Meng Jianzhu!" (“江西要致富,留住孟建柱!”).

While Meng was often regarded by observers as a "soft" leader, he was known for his strong adherence to rules and principles. For example, once during a provincial conference of officials at county level and above, some county leaders did not show up and instead sent their assistants to attend. Meng responded to this by postponing the entire conference until all the required attendees arrived as a means to reprimand those who failed to show.[2] He remained party secretary of Jiangxi until October 28, 2007, when he was transferred to Beijing and appointed the Minister of the Public Security, replacing political heavyweight Zhou Yongkang, who was elevated to become a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

[edit]

Meng became a member of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in November 2012, following the 18th Party Congress. He succeeded Zhou as Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission. However, the commission's powers and autonomy was significantly curbed during Meng's term as a result of the consolidation of power around the central authority of Party general secretary Xi Jinping. In December 2012, he was succeeded by Guo Shengkun as Minister of Public Security. In January 2013, Meng announced that his commission would begin work on abolishing the "re-education through labour" system, which has been widely criticized internationally.[3] This was further cemented at the third plenary session of the 18th Central Committee held in November 2013. The implementation of the policy was largely completed by the end of that year. Meng also criticized the interference of local party authorities, specifically the Political and Legal Affairs Commissions at the local or provincial government level for the practice of interference in individual court cases, compromising the integrity of judicial independence.[4]

While his predecessor Zhou Yongkang underwent investigation for corruption and other offenses in 2014, Meng remained untouched by the scandal despite having served under Zhou for five years as public security minister due to the bad relationship and clashes between Zhou and Meng. Other former subordinates of Zhou in the ministry, such as former deputy minister Li Dongsheng, were detained for investigation.

Meng retired from Politburo and Political and Legal Affairs Commission after the 19th Party Congress in October 2017, which Guo Shengkun succeed Meng's position as Secretary of Political and Legal Affairs Commission.

Personal life

[edit]

Meng's associates and colleagues describe him as soft-spoken, humble, likes to smile, of thin build, and looks like an intellectual.[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Meng Jianzhu appointed head of CPC Political and Legal Affairs Commission". Archived from the original on 2013-04-06. Retrieved 2012-11-20.
  2. ^ a b c d e "孟建柱官场路:先低调再重拳出击". Aozhou Ribao. 2009-04-21.
  3. ^ "China to end notorious forced labour system". South China Morning Post. January 16, 2013.
  4. ^ "Security tsar Meng Jianzhu criticises interference in court proceedings". South China Morning Post. January 9, 2013.
[edit]
Party political offices
Preceded by Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission
2012–2017
Succeeded by
Preceded by Communist Party Secretary of Jiangxi Province Committee
2001–2007
Succeeded by
Assembly seats
Preceded by Chairman of the Jiangxi People's Congress Standing Committee
2001–2008
Succeeded by
Government offices
Preceded by Minister of Public Security
2007–2012
Succeeded by