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{{Short description|North Korean manufacturer of railway equipment}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Kim Chong-t'ae<br/>Electric Locomotive Works<br/>김종태전기기관차연합기업소
| name = Kim Chong-t'ae<br />Electric Locomotive Works<br />김종태전기기관차연합기업소
| logo =
| logo =
| logo_size =
| logo_size =
| logo_alt =
| logo_alt =
| logo_caption =
| logo_caption =
| logo_padding =
| logo_padding =
| image = File:Red Flag class mfg floor at Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works.png
| image = File:Red Flag class mfg floor at Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works.png
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| image_alt = Several Red Flag class locomotives in various stages of completion, circa 1989
| image_alt = Several Red Flag class locomotives in various stages of completion, circa 1989
| image_caption = Several Red Flag class locomotives in various stages of completion, c. 1989
| image_caption = Several Red Flag class locomotives in various stages of completion, c. 1989
| trading_name =
| trading_name =
| native_name = 김종태 전기기관차 련합기업소
| native_name = 김종태 전기기관차 련합기업소
| native_name_lang = ko <!-- Use ISO 639-1 code, e.g. "fr" for French. For multiple names in different languages, use {{lang|[code]|[name]}}. -->
| native_name_lang = ko <!-- Use ISO 639-1 code, e.g. "fr" for French. For multiple names in different languages, use {{lang|[code]|[name]}}. -->
| romanized_name = Kim Chong-t'ae Chŏn'gi Kigwanch'a Ryŏnhap Kiŏpso
| romanized_name = Kim Chong-t'ae Chŏn'gi Kigwanch'a Ryŏnhap Kiŏpso
| former_name =
| former_name =
| type = [[State-owned company]]
| type = [[State-owned company]]
| traded_as =
| traded_as =
| ISIN =
| ISIN =
| industry = [[Railway industry|Railway]]
| industry = [[Railway industry|Railway]]
| genre = <!-- Only used with media and publishing companies -->
| genre = <!-- Only used with media and publishing companies -->
| fate =
| fate =
| predecessor = <!-- or: | predecessors = -->
| predecessor = <!-- or: | predecessors = -->
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| founded = 10 November 1945
| founded = 10 November 1945
| founder =
| founder =
| defunct =
| defunct =
| hq_location = [[Sosong-guyok|Sŏsŏng-guyŏk]]
| hq_location = [[Sosong-guyok|Sŏsŏng-guyŏk]]
| hq_location_city = [[Pyongyang|P'yŏngyang]]
| hq_location_city = [[Pyongyang|P'yŏngyang]]
| hq_location_country = [[North Korea]]
| hq_location_country = [[North Korea]]
| coordinates =
| coordinates =
| num_locations =
| num_locations =
| num_locations_year = <!-- Year of num_locations data (when known) -->
| num_locations_year = <!-- Year of num_locations data (when known) -->
| area_served = North Korea
| area_served = North Korea
| key_people =
| key_people =
| products = [[Electric locomotive|Electric]] and [[Diesel locomotive]]s, [[subway trains]] and [[tram]]s.
| products = [[Electric locomotive|Electric]] and [[Diesel locomotive]]s, [[subway trains]] and [[tram]]s.
| brands =
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| production =
| production_year = <!-- Year of production data (when known) -->
| production_year = <!-- Year of production data (when known) -->
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| income_year = <!-- Year of operating_income data (when known) -->
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| assets_year = <!-- Year of assets data (when known) -->
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| footnotes =
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| intl = <!-- Set positively ("true"/"yes"/etc) if company is international, otherwise omit -->
| intl = <!-- Set positively ("true"/"yes"/etc) if company is international, otherwise omit -->
}}
}}
The '''Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works''' ({{Korean|hangul=김종태전기기관차연합기업소|context=north}}) in [[Pyongyang|P'yŏngyang]] is [[North Korea]]'s largest manufacturer of railway equipment.<ref name="Hayato">Hayato, Kokubu, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), {{ISBN|978-4-10-303731-6}}</ref> Established in November 1945 in [[Sosong-guyok|Sŏsŏng-guyŏk]],<ref>http://juche007-anglo-peopleskoreafriendship.blogspot.ca/2015/12/kim-jong-thae-electric-locomotive.html</ref> P'yŏngyang near the P'yŏngyang Railway University and the [[Korean State Railway]]'s [[Sopyongyang Station|West P'yŏngyang Station]], the factory manufactures and overhauls electric and [[diesel locomotives]], passenger cars, streetcars and subway trainsets.<ref name="tongil">{{cite web|url=http://www.tongilnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=61280|title=北김종태전기기관차공장 창립 60돌 행사 - 통일뉴스|publisher=|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref> It is subordinate to the North Korean Ministry of Railways.<ref name="cchere1">http://www.cchere.com/topic/3893100</ref>
The '''Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works''' ({{Korean|hangul=김종태전기기관차연합기업소|context=north}}) in [[Pyongyang|P'yŏngyang]] is [[North Korea]]'s largest manufacturer of railway equipment.<ref name="Hayato">{{cite book|last=Hayato|first=Kokubu|date=January 2007 |publisher=新潮社 |script-title=ja:将軍様の鉄道|trans-title=Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō|language=ja|isbn=978-4-10-303731-6}}</ref> Established in November 1945 in [[Sosong-guyok|Sŏsŏng-guyŏk]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://juche007-anglo-peopleskoreafriendship.blogspot.com/2015/12/kim-jong-thae-electric-locomotive.html|title=Kim Jong Thae Electric Locomotive Complex|publisher=Anglo-People's Korea/Songun|date=December 22, 2015}}</ref> P'yŏngyang near the P'yŏngyang Railway University and the [[Korean State Railway]]'s [[Sopyongyang Station|West P'yŏngyang Station]], the factory manufactures and overhauls electric and [[diesel locomotives]], passenger cars, streetcars and subway trainsets.<ref name="tongil">{{cite web|url=http://www.tongilnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=61280|script-title=ko:北김종태전기기관차공장 창립 60돌 행사 - 통일뉴스|language=ko|work=Tongil News|date=22 November 2005|publisher=|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref> It is subordinate to the North Korean Ministry of Railways.<ref name="cchere1">{{Cite web|author=介书生|url=http://www.cchere.com/topic/3893100|script-title=zh:【原创】朝鲜铁路机车车辆概况一览|access-date=2021-09-25|script-website=zh:西西河|date=2013-07-02|language=zh}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[File:Kjtelw-redflag1 design team 1960.jpg|thumb|left|The design team at work on designing the Red Flag 1-class locomotive in 1960.]]
[[File:Kjtelw-redflag1 design team 1960.jpg|thumb|left|The design team at work on designing the Red Flag 1-class locomotive in 1960.]]
[[File:DPRK_train.JPG|thumb|A Red Flag 1-class locomotive: North Korea's first domestically-built locomotive.]]
[[File:DPRK train.JPG|thumb|A Red Flag 1-class locomotive: North Korea's first domestically-built locomotive.]]
[[File:NK Locomotives 1972.jpg|thumb|Narrow-gauge diesel locomotive built by the Kim Chong-t'ae Works in 1972]]
[[File:NK Locomotives 1972.jpg|thumb|Narrow-gauge diesel locomotive built by the Kim Chong-t'ae Works in 1972]]
Initially established as a repair facility for rolling stock during the [[Japanese occupation of Korea]],<ref name="cchere1"/> becoming the state-owned '''West P'yŏngyang Railway Factory''' on 10 November 1945. In 1960, the facility repaired 210 [[steam locomotives]], 1,800 freight cars and 120 passenger cars.<ref name="puzanov">[http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/119412.pdf Journal of Soviet Ambassador to the DPRK A. M. Puzanov (25 March - 11 April 1960)]</ref> It was expanded with [[Poland|Polish]] assistance in the late 1950s to manufacture electric locomotives as well, with work on the manufacturing facility completed on 29 August 1959.<ref name="Hayato"/> In 1961 it was renamed '''P'yŏngyang Electric Locomotive Works''', and the first electric locomotive manufactured in North Korea was built at this factory in 1961, and the plant was awarded a medal following a visit by [[Kim Il-sung]].<ref name="tongil"/> Kim Il-sung paid another visit to the factory on 27 September 1987, to inspect the first completed production unit of the [[Red Flag 6-class locomotive|Red Flag 6-class]] articulated 8-axle electric locomotive.<ref name="Hayato"/>
Initially established as a repair facility for rolling stock during the [[Japanese occupation of Korea]],<ref name="cchere1"/> becoming the state-owned '''West P'yŏngyang Railway Factory''' on 10 November 1945. In 1960, the facility repaired 210 [[steam locomotives]], 1,800 freight cars and 120 passenger cars.<ref name="puzanov">{{Cite web|url=http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/119412.pdf|title=Journal of Soviet Ambassador to the DPRK A. M. Puzanov (25 March - 11 April 1960)|access-date=12 January 2016|archive-date=10 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910173932/https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/119412.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> It was expanded with [[Poland|Polish]] assistance in the late 1950s to manufacture electric locomotives as well, with work on the manufacturing facility completed on 29 August 1959.<ref name="Hayato"/> In 1961 it was renamed '''P'yŏngyang Electric Locomotive Works''', and the first electric locomotive manufactured in North Korea was built at this factory in 1961, and the plant was awarded a medal following a visit by [[Kim Il Sung]].<ref name="tongil"/> Kim Il Sung paid another visit to the factory on 27 September 1987, to inspect the first completed production unit of the [[Red Flag 6-class locomotive|Red Flag 6-class]] articulated 8-axle electric locomotive.<ref name="Hayato"/>


Following the execution of [[South Korea]]n revolutionary activist [[Kim Jong-tae|Kim Chong-t'ae]], a member of the [[Revolutionary Party for Reunification]], the factory was renamed in his honour in 1969.<ref name="tongil"/>
Following the execution of [[South Korea]]n revolutionary activist [[Kim Jong-tae|Kim Chong-t'ae]], a member of the [[Revolutionary Party for Reunification]], the factory was renamed in his honour in 1969.<ref name="tongil"/>

In May 2023 it was announced that the Kim Jong-thae Electric Locomotive Complex is planned to move from its current location at [[Sosong-guyok|Sosong District]] to a new complex to be located in an empty field in [[Sunan-guyok|Sunan District]] at the northern part of the city, geo-located at ({{coord|39.060606|125.698131}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nknews.org/pro/north-korea-plans-massive-train-factory-as-it-struggles-to-produce-new-designs/|title=North Korea plans massive train factory as it struggles to produce new designs|author=Colin Zwirko|date=2023-05-02|accessdate=2023-05-02|publisher=[[NK News]]}}</ref>


==Manufacturing activities==
==Manufacturing activities==
[[File:DPRK_Red_Flag_2.jpg|thumb|250px|left|A Red Flag 2-class electric locomotive in P'yŏngyang.]]
[[File:DPRK Red Flag 2.jpg|thumb|250px|left|A Red Flag 2-class electric locomotive in P'yŏngyang.]]
As the only plant in North Korea capable of manufacturing electric and diesel locomotives. the history of the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works is intricately tied into the history of diesel and electric motive power in North Korea.<ref name="cchere1"/>
As the only plant in North Korea capable of manufacturing electric and diesel locomotives. the history of the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works is intricately tied into the history of diesel and electric motive power in North Korea.<ref name="cchere1"/>


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Since the 1990s, an important undertaking has been the conversion of diesel locomotives to electric operation. The biggest such project thus far has been the conversion of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]-made [[M62 locomotive|M62]]-type diesel locomotives to electric operation, resulting in the [[Kanghaenggun-class locomotive]]s.<ref name="Hayato"/>
Since the 1990s, an important undertaking has been the conversion of diesel locomotives to electric operation. The biggest such project thus far has been the conversion of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]-made [[M62 locomotive|M62]]-type diesel locomotives to electric operation, resulting in the [[Kanghaenggun-class locomotive]]s.<ref name="Hayato"/>


Following a visit of North Korean leader [[Kim Jong-il]] on 5 January 2002, the plant began work on a new range of electric locomotives,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/dprk/2003/dprk-030523-0529_mou.htm|title=Weekly on North Korea|author=John Pike|publisher=|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref> which ultimately led to their latest product, the {{convert|2700|kW|hp|abbr=on}} [[Songun Red Flag-class locomotive|Sŏngun Red Flag]]-class electric freight locomotive with [[asynchronous motor]]s with a maximum speed of {{convert|120|km/h|mph}}.<ref>http://www.naenara.com.kp/en/periodic/times/index.php?contents+13089+2011-01-03+502+9</ref> The first prototype was unveiled on 5 January 2011, and production versions have since begun entering service.<ref>http://dprk114514.blog.fc2.com/blog-category-1.html</ref>
Following a visit of North Korean leader [[Kim Jong Il]] on 5 January 2002, the plant began work on a new range of electric locomotives,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/dprk/2003/dprk-030523-0529_mou.htm|title=Weekly on North Korea|work=GlobalSecurity.org|last= Pike|first=John|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref> which ultimately led to their latest product, the {{convert|2700|kW|hp|abbr=on}} [[Songun Red Flag-class locomotive|Sŏngun Red Flag]]-class electric freight locomotive with [[asynchronous motor]]s with a maximum speed of {{convert|120|km/h|mph}}.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.naenara.com.kp/en/periodic/times/index.php?contents+13089+2011-01-03+502+9|work=[[The Pyongyang Times]]|title=AC-driven locomotive |access-date=2012-02-01 |archive-date=2014-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208011932/http://www.naenara.com.kp/en/periodic/times/index.php?contents+13089+2011-01-03+502+9 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The first prototype was unveiled on 5 January 2011, and production versions have since begun entering service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dprk114514.blog.fc2.com/blog-category-1.html| title=Unknown}}{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


The plant has also produced a trainset for the [[Pyongyang Metro|P'yŏngyang Metro]], unveiled at a ceremony at the plant on 23 October 2015, with [[Kim Jong-un]] in attendance.<ref>http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/kim-jong-un-inspects-north-korean-metro-trainset.html</ref> The trainset was delivered in late 2015 and went into service in January 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/urban/single-view/view/north-korean-metro-trainset-carries-passengers.html|title=North Korean metro trainset carries passengers|author=DVV Media UK|work=Railway Gazette|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref>
The plant has also produced a trainset for the [[Pyongyang Metro|P'yŏngyang Metro]], unveiled at a ceremony at the plant on 23 October 2015, with [[Kim Jong Un]] in attendance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/kim-jong-un-inspects-north-korean-metro-trainset.html |title=Kim Jong Un inspects North Korean metro trainset|work=Railway Gazette |access-date=2016-01-12 |archive-date=2018-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722184835/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/kim-jong-un-inspects-north-korean-metro-trainset.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The trainset was delivered in late 2015 and went into service in January 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/urban/single-view/view/north-korean-metro-trainset-carries-passengers.html|title=North Korean metro trainset carries passengers|publisher=DVV Media UK|work=Railway Gazette|accessdate=7 January 2016|archive-date=9 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109194348/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/urban/single-view/view/north-korean-metro-trainset-carries-passengers.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Current production consists of the Sŏngun Red Flag 4-axle locomotives, the {{convert|3160|kW|hp|abbr=on}} [[Red Flag 5400-class locomotive|Red Flag 5400]]-class Bo-Bo-Bo electric locomotive, the {{convert|4200|kW|hp|abbr=on}} [[Red Flag 7-class locomotive|Red Flag 7]]-class electric [[articulated locomotive]], along with a small number of {{convert|249|kW|hp|abbr=on}} diesel-hydraulic and {{convert|176|kW|hp|abbr=on}} kW diesel-mechanical locomotives, narrow-gauge electric and {{convert|551|kW|hp|abbr=on}} narrow-gauge diesel locomotives. The new trainset for the Pyŏngyang Metro will likely enter production soon.
Current production consists of the Sŏngun Red Flag 4-axle locomotives, the {{convert|3160|kW|hp|abbr=on}} [[Red Flag 5400-class locomotive|Red Flag 5400]]-class Bo-Bo-Bo electric locomotive, the {{convert|4200|kW|hp|abbr=on}} [[Red Flag 7-class locomotive|Red Flag 7]]-class electric [[articulated locomotive]], along with a small number of {{convert|249|kW|hp|abbr=on}} diesel-hydraulic and {{convert|176|kW|hp|abbr=on}} kW diesel-mechanical locomotives, narrow-gauge electric and {{convert|551|kW|hp|abbr=on}} narrow-gauge diesel locomotives.


==Products==
==Products==
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* '''[[Rolling Stock of the Korean State Railway#Electric Locomotive Classes|Saebyŏl 1000]]'''-class – small centre cab electric shunters, at least 79 built.
* '''[[Rolling Stock of the Korean State Railway#Electric Locomotive Classes|Saebyŏl 1000]]'''-class – small centre cab electric shunters, at least 79 built.
* '''[[Saebyol-class locomotive|Saebyŏl 3000]]'''-series – medium-duty electric shunting locomotives converted for electric operation by the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works; retained original numbers after conversion.
* '''[[Saebyol-class locomotive|Saebyŏl 3000]]'''-series – medium-duty electric shunting locomotives converted for electric operation by the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works; retained original numbers after conversion.
* '''[[Songun Red Flag-class locomotive|Sŏngun Red Flag]]'''-class – new electric freight locomotives with [[Induction motor|asynchronous motors]],
* '''[[Songun Red Flag-class locomotive|Sŏngun Red Flag]]'''-class – new electric freight locomotives with [[Induction motor|asynchronous motors]].
*6-axle AC locomotive with asynchronous motors<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=35958|access-date=2021-03-18|title=Six-axle AC electric locomotive developed in DPRK|agency=KCNA|website=[[The Pyongyang Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527000000/http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=35958|archive-date=27 May 2022}} [http://yandexwebcache.net/yandbtm?fmode=inject&tm=1667387446&tld=com&lang=en&la=1653654912&text=http%3A//www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/%3Fbbs%3D35958&url=http%3A//www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/%3Fbbs%3D35958&l10n=fi&mime=html&sign=bf657147800fff47e3e5c9fae4f1b061&keyno=0 Alt URL]{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


==== Conversions ====
==== Conversions ====
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* '''[[BVG Class D|150]]'''-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, second-hand Type D sets from [[Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe|Berlin]], converted for operation as mainline EMUs.
* '''[[BVG Class D|150]]'''-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, second-hand Type D sets from [[Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe|Berlin]], converted for operation as mainline EMUs.
* '''[[BVG Class G|500]]'''-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, second-hand Type GI sets from Berlin, converted for operation as mainline EMUs.
* '''[[BVG Class G|500]]'''-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, second-hand Type GI sets from Berlin, converted for operation as mainline EMUs.
* '''[[DK4-class subway trains|1000]]'''-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, built new for North Korea by the [[Changchun Railway Vehicles|Changchun Car Company]] of China in 1972, subsequently converted for operation as mainline EMUs.
* '''[[DK4|1000]]'''-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, built new for North Korea by the [[Changchun Railway Vehicles|Changchun Car Company]] of China in 1972, subsequently converted for operation as mainline EMUs.

=== Trams ===

* Narrow gauge [[Wonsan#Transportation|trams]] for Wonsan-Kalma tourist resort.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=34493|access-date=2021-03-18|title=Tramcar service to be launched in tourist resort|website=[[The Pyongyang Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902125529/http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/?bbs=34493|archive-date=2 September 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Prototype open air (windowless/doorless) tram car<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nknews.org/2022/06/north-korea-producing-new-open-air-tourist-tramcars-despite-closed-borders/ | title=North Korea producing new open-air 'tourist' tramcars despite closed borders |work=[[NK News]] | date=20 June 2022 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kim Chong-tae Electric Locomotive Works}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kim Chong-tae Electric Locomotive Works}}
[[Category:Locomotives of North Korea]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies of North Korea]]
[[Category:Locomotive manufacturers of North Korea]]
[[Category:Locomotive manufacturers of North Korea]]
[[Category:Engineering companies of North Korea]]
[[Category:Engineering companies of North Korea]]
[[Category:Companies of North Korea]]
[[Category:Companies based in Pyongyang]]

Latest revision as of 16:06, 6 October 2024

Kim Chong-t'ae
Electric Locomotive Works
김종태전기기관차연합기업소
Native name
김종태 전기기관차 련합기업소
Kim Chong-t'ae Chŏn'gi Kigwanch'a Ryŏnhap Kiŏpso
Company typeState-owned company
IndustryRailway
Founded10 November 1945
HeadquartersSŏsŏng-guyŏk,
P'yŏngyang
,
North Korea
Area served
North Korea
ProductsElectric and Diesel locomotives, subway trains and trams.

The Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works (Korean: 김종태전기기관차연합기업소) in P'yŏngyang is North Korea's largest manufacturer of railway equipment.[1] Established in November 1945 in Sŏsŏng-guyŏk,[2] P'yŏngyang near the P'yŏngyang Railway University and the Korean State Railway's West P'yŏngyang Station, the factory manufactures and overhauls electric and diesel locomotives, passenger cars, streetcars and subway trainsets.[3] It is subordinate to the North Korean Ministry of Railways.[4]

History

[edit]
The design team at work on designing the Red Flag 1-class locomotive in 1960.
A Red Flag 1-class locomotive: North Korea's first domestically-built locomotive.
Narrow-gauge diesel locomotive built by the Kim Chong-t'ae Works in 1972

Initially established as a repair facility for rolling stock during the Japanese occupation of Korea,[4] becoming the state-owned West P'yŏngyang Railway Factory on 10 November 1945. In 1960, the facility repaired 210 steam locomotives, 1,800 freight cars and 120 passenger cars.[5] It was expanded with Polish assistance in the late 1950s to manufacture electric locomotives as well, with work on the manufacturing facility completed on 29 August 1959.[1] In 1961 it was renamed P'yŏngyang Electric Locomotive Works, and the first electric locomotive manufactured in North Korea was built at this factory in 1961, and the plant was awarded a medal following a visit by Kim Il Sung.[3] Kim Il Sung paid another visit to the factory on 27 September 1987, to inspect the first completed production unit of the Red Flag 6-class articulated 8-axle electric locomotive.[1]

Following the execution of South Korean revolutionary activist Kim Chong-t'ae, a member of the Revolutionary Party for Reunification, the factory was renamed in his honour in 1969.[3]

In May 2023 it was announced that the Kim Jong-thae Electric Locomotive Complex is planned to move from its current location at Sosong District to a new complex to be located in an empty field in Sunan District at the northern part of the city, geo-located at (39°03′38″N 125°41′53″E / 39.060606°N 125.698131°E / 39.060606; 125.698131).[6]

Manufacturing activities

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A Red Flag 2-class electric locomotive in P'yŏngyang.

As the only plant in North Korea capable of manufacturing electric and diesel locomotives. the history of the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works is intricately tied into the history of diesel and electric motive power in North Korea.[4]

From 1961 the plant had the capacity to build 30 new electric locomotives per year in addition to the repair and construction of passenger cars.[5] At present, the facility covers 400,000 m2 (4,300,000 sq ft), of which construction facilities cover 130,000 m2 (1,400,000 sq ft) divided into 15 workshops. The company employs 5000 people. It is capable of handling 100-110 electric locomotives per year, of which 30-50 can be of new construction; the biggest single-year output was 60 new units.[4]

Ch'ŏngnyŏnjŏl Kinyŏm-class electric locomotive built at Kim Chong-t'ae Works.

North Korea produced its first electric locomotives in 1961, the Red Flag 1. Since then, the Kim Chong-t'ae Works has manufactured a number of other types, such as the Red Flag 6-class electric articulated locomotive and several other electric types, the Kŭmsong and Saebyŏl-class diesel locomotives along with other diesel shunters, the Juche-class 4-section electric multiple-unit train and various diesel and electric locomotives for narrow gauge lines. In recent years, the factory has also manufactured streetcars to a Czech ČKD Tatra design.

Since the 1990s, an important undertaking has been the conversion of diesel locomotives to electric operation. The biggest such project thus far has been the conversion of the Soviet-made M62-type diesel locomotives to electric operation, resulting in the Kanghaenggun-class locomotives.[1]

Following a visit of North Korean leader Kim Jong Il on 5 January 2002, the plant began work on a new range of electric locomotives,[7] which ultimately led to their latest product, the 2,700 kW (3,600 hp) Sŏngun Red Flag-class electric freight locomotive with asynchronous motors with a maximum speed of 120 kilometres per hour (75 mph).[8] The first prototype was unveiled on 5 January 2011, and production versions have since begun entering service.[9]

The plant has also produced a trainset for the P'yŏngyang Metro, unveiled at a ceremony at the plant on 23 October 2015, with Kim Jong Un in attendance.[10] The trainset was delivered in late 2015 and went into service in January 2016.[11]

Current production consists of the Sŏngun Red Flag 4-axle locomotives, the 3,160 kW (4,240 hp) Red Flag 5400-class Bo-Bo-Bo electric locomotive, the 4,200 kW (5,600 hp) Red Flag 7-class electric articulated locomotive, along with a small number of 249 kW (334 hp) diesel-hydraulic and 176 kW (236 hp) kW diesel-mechanical locomotives, narrow-gauge electric and 551 kW (739 hp) narrow-gauge diesel locomotives.

Products

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Electric locomotives

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New construction

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  • 100-series – loose copies of the Czechoslovak ČSD Class E 499.1-class.
  • 170-series – offset-centre cab Bo-Bo electric shunting locomotives.
  • 200-series – offset-centre cab Bo-Bo electric shunting locomotives.
  • 300-series – small centre cab Bo-Bo electric shunting locomotives. At least 85 built.
  • 500-series – boxy true centre cab Bo-Bo electric shunting locomotives
  • Red Flag 1 & 2-classes – universal electric locomotives. North Korea's first mass-produced, domestically-made electric locomotive; over 150, possibly nearly 400, built. Based on Škoda Type 22E2
  • Red Flag 6-class – heavy articulated electric freight locomotives.
  • Red Flag 7-class – heavy articulated electric freight locomotives.
  • Red Flag 2000-class - electric locomotives used primarily for passenger trains.
  • Ch'ŏngnyŏnjŏl Kinyom-class – electric freight and passenger locomotives, numbered in the 4000 and 90000 series.
  • Saebyŏl 1000-class – small centre cab electric shunters, at least 79 built.
  • Saebyŏl 3000-series – medium-duty electric shunting locomotives converted for electric operation by the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works; retained original numbers after conversion.
  • Sŏngun Red Flag-class – new electric freight locomotives with asynchronous motors.
  • 6-axle AC locomotive with asynchronous motors[12]

Conversions

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Diesel locomotives

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New construction

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  • Saebyŏl 3000-class – medium-duty diesel-hydraulic shunting locomotives; some have been converted to electric operation.
  • Kŭmsŏng-class – copies of the Soviet M62-type heavy diesel locomotive; some have been converted to electric operation.
  • Red Flag-class – diesel shunters.

Electric multiple units

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New construction

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  • Juche – four-section high-speed multisystem EMU built in 1976. One set built.
  • Red Flag 900-class – a unique combination electric locomotive with a section for carrying passengers.

Conversions

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  • 150-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, second-hand Type D sets from Berlin, converted for operation as mainline EMUs.
  • 500-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, second-hand Type GI sets from Berlin, converted for operation as mainline EMUs.
  • 1000-series – former P'yŏngyang Metro trainsets, built new for North Korea by the Changchun Car Company of China in 1972, subsequently converted for operation as mainline EMUs.

Trams

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  • Narrow gauge trams for Wonsan-Kalma tourist resort.[13]
  • Prototype open air (windowless/doorless) tram car[14]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Hayato, Kokubu (January 2007). 将軍様の鉄道 [Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō] (in Japanese). 新潮社. ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6.
  2. ^ "Kim Jong Thae Electric Locomotive Complex". Anglo-People's Korea/Songun. 22 December 2015.
  3. ^ a b c 北김종태전기기관차공장 창립 60돌 행사 - 통일뉴스. Tongil News (in Korean). 22 November 2005. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d 介书生 (2 July 2013). 【原创】朝鲜铁路机车车辆概况一览. 西西河 (in Chinese). Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  5. ^ a b "Journal of Soviet Ambassador to the DPRK A. M. Puzanov (25 March - 11 April 1960)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 September 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
  6. ^ Colin Zwirko (2 May 2023). "North Korea plans massive train factory as it struggles to produce new designs". NK News. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  7. ^ Pike, John. "Weekly on North Korea". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  8. ^ "AC-driven locomotive". The Pyongyang Times. Archived from the original on 8 December 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
  9. ^ "Unknown".[permanent dead link‍]
  10. ^ "Kim Jong Un inspects North Korean metro trainset". Railway Gazette. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
  11. ^ "North Korean metro trainset carries passengers". Railway Gazette. DVV Media UK. Archived from the original on 9 January 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  12. ^ "Six-axle AC electric locomotive developed in DPRK". The Pyongyang Times. KCNA. Archived from the original on 27 May 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2021. Alt URL[permanent dead link‍]
  13. ^ "Tramcar service to be launched in tourist resort". The Pyongyang Times. Archived from the original on 2 September 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  14. ^ "North Korea producing new open-air 'tourist' tramcars despite closed borders". NK News. 20 June 2022.
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