Ascension crake: Difference between revisions
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| status = EX |
| status = EX |
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| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn| |
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Mundia elpenor'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22728746A94995240 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728746A94995240.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| genus = Mundia |
| genus = Mundia |
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| parent_authority = Bourne, Ashmole, & Simmons, 2003 |
| parent_authority = Bourne, Ashmole, & Simmons, 2003 |
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| authority = ([[Storrs L. Olson|Olson]], 1973) |
| authority = ([[Storrs L. Olson|Olson]], 1973) |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:Ascension crake skull.png|thumb|left|Drawing of the skull]] |
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| ⚫ | The '''Ascension crake''' ('''''Mundia elpenor''''') is an extinct flightless bird that previously lived on [[Ascension Island]] in the [[South Atlantic Ocean]]. Like many other flightless birds on isolated islands, it was a [[Rail (bird)|rail]]. It was declared extinct by Groombridge in 1994; [[BirdLife International]] confirmed this in 2000 and 2004. |
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| ⚫ | The bird was [[endemic]] to Ascension Island. Numerous [[subfossil]] bones of the bird have been found in deposits at the base of vertical [[fumaroles]]. [[Peter Mundy]], a 17th |
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| ⚫ | The bird was [[endemic]] to Ascension Island. Numerous [[subfossil]] bones of the bird have been found in deposits at the base of vertical [[fumaroles]]. [[Peter Mundy]], a 17th-century merchant and traveler gave an account of the bird and made a sketch of it when he visited Ascension Island in June 1656. It was described by Mundy as: |
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| ⚫ | {{ |
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| ⚫ | {{Blockquote|text=a strange kind of fowle, much bigger then our sterlings ore stares: collour gray or dappled, white and blacke feathers intermixed, eies red like rubies, wings very imperfitt, such as wherewith they cannot raise themselves from the ground. They were taken running, in which they are exceeding swift, helping themselves a little with their wings (as it is said of the estridge), shortt billed, cloven footed, that can neither fly nor swymme.|title=|source=}}It most likely lived in the near-desert areas of the island and primarily ate [[sooty tern]] (''Sterna fuscata'') eggs. It is probable that it became extinct after rats were introduced to the island in the 18th century, but it may have survived until the introduction of feral cats in 1815. |
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The bird was regarded by Storrs Olson as a relative of ''[[Atlantisia rogersi]]'',<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Olson|first=Storrs L.|date=1973|title=Evolution of the rails of the South Atlantic islands (Aves: Rallidae)|journal=Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology|issue=152|pages=1–53|doi=10.5479/si.00810282.152|issn=0081-0282}}</ref> but recent analysis (Bourne et al., 2003) has shown that the differences between the two are greater than previously appreciated. The new genus ''Mundia'' (named after the discoverer Peter Mundy) was created in 2003. |
The bird was regarded by Storrs Olson as a relative of ''[[Atlantisia rogersi]]'',<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Olson|first=Storrs L.|date=1973|title=Evolution of the rails of the South Atlantic islands (Aves: Rallidae)|journal=Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology|issue=152|pages=1–53|doi=10.5479/si.00810282.152|issn=0081-0282}}</ref> but recent analysis (Bourne et al., 2003) has shown that the differences between the two are greater than previously appreciated. The new genus ''Mundia'' (named after the discoverer Peter Mundy) was created in 2003. |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q721761}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q721761}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:crake, Ascension}} |
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[[Category:Rallidae|Ascension crake]] |
[[Category:Rallidae|Ascension crake]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Birds of Ascension Island|†]] |
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[[Category:Extinct flightless birds]] |
[[Category:Extinct flightless birds]] |
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[[Category:Extinct animals of Africa]] |
[[Category:Extinct animals of Africa]] |
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[[Category:Extinct birds of Atlantic islands]] |
[[Category:Extinct birds of Atlantic islands]] |
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[[Category:Species made extinct by human activities]] |
[[Category:Species made extinct by human activities]] |
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[[Category:Endemic birds of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha|†]] |
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Latest revision as of 05:44, 7 October 2024
| Ascension crake | |
|---|---|
| |
| Drawing by Peter Mundy, 1656 | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Gruiformes |
| Family: | Rallidae |
| Genus: | †Mundia Bourne, Ashmole, & Simmons, 2003 |
| Species: | †M. elpenor
|
| Binomial name | |
| †Mundia elpenor (Olson, 1973)
| |
The Ascension crake (Mundia elpenor) is an extinct flightless bird that previously lived on Ascension Island in the South Atlantic Ocean. Like many other flightless birds on isolated islands, it was a rail. It was declared extinct by Groombridge in 1994; BirdLife International confirmed this in 2000 and 2004.
The bird was endemic to Ascension Island. Numerous subfossil bones of the bird have been found in deposits at the base of vertical fumaroles. Peter Mundy, a 17th-century merchant and traveler gave an account of the bird and made a sketch of it when he visited Ascension Island in June 1656. It was described by Mundy as:
a strange kind of fowle, much bigger then our sterlings ore stares: collour gray or dappled, white and blacke feathers intermixed, eies red like rubies, wings very imperfitt, such as wherewith they cannot raise themselves from the ground. They were taken running, in which they are exceeding swift, helping themselves a little with their wings (as it is said of the estridge), shortt billed, cloven footed, that can neither fly nor swymme.
It most likely lived in the near-desert areas of the island and primarily ate sooty tern (Sterna fuscata) eggs. It is probable that it became extinct after rats were introduced to the island in the 18th century, but it may have survived until the introduction of feral cats in 1815.
The bird was regarded by Storrs Olson as a relative of Atlantisia rogersi,[2] but recent analysis (Bourne et al., 2003) has shown that the differences between the two are greater than previously appreciated. The new genus Mundia (named after the discoverer Peter Mundy) was created in 2003.
References
[edit]- ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Mundia elpenor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22728746A94995240. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728746A94995240.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ Olson, Storrs L. (1973). "Evolution of the rails of the South Atlantic islands (Aves: Rallidae)". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology (152): 1–53. doi:10.5479/si.00810282.152. ISSN 0081-0282.
- BirdLife Species Factsheet
- del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., & Sargatal, J., eds. Handbook of Birds of the World Vol. 3: 140, 175. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 84-87334-20-2.
- Bourne, W. R. P., Ashmole, N. P. & Simmons K. E. L.: A new subfossil night heron and a new genus for the extinct rail from Ascension Island, central tropical Atlantic Ocean in Ardea; 91, Heft 1, 2003: pp. 45–51 PDF fulltext
.png){kind=small} | This Gruiformes-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 | This article about Ascension Island is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
Categories:
- IUCN Red List extinct species
- Rallidae
- Birds of Ascension Island
- Extinct flightless birds
- Extinct animals of Africa
- Bird extinctions since 1500
- Birds described in 1973
- Taxa named by Storrs L. Olson
- Extinct birds of Atlantic islands
- Species made extinct by human activities
- Endemic birds of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
- Gruiformes stubs
- British Atlantic territories stubs