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"Scots Wha Hae" (English: Scots Who Have) is a patriotic song of Scotland written using both words of the Scots language and English, which served for centuries as an unofficial national anthem of the country, but has lately been largely supplanted by "Scotland the Brave" and "Flower of Scotland".

Background

The lyrics were written by Robert Burns in 1793, in the form of a speech given by Robert the Bruce before the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 during the Scottish Wars of Independence. Although the lyrics are by Burns, he wrote them to the traditional Scottish tune "Hey Tuttie Tatie", which according to tradition, was played by Bruce's army at the Battle of Bannockburn.^[1] According to tradition, the same theme was played in 1429 by the Franco-Scots army at the siege of Orléans in front of Joan of Arc.^{[citation needed]} The song, called "Marche des soldats de Robert Bruce" in France, belongs to the traditional list of military music, and commemorates the Auld Alliance between France and Scotland. As for the Battle of Bannockburn, the theme really played was probably a traditional Scottish theme such as "Hey Tuttie Tatie". The tune tends to be played as a slow air, but certain arrangements put it at a faster tempo, as in the Scottish Fantasy by Max Bruch, the concert overture Rob Roy by Hector Berlioz, and the Real McKenzies' punk rock rendition on their 1998 album Clash of the Tartans.

The song was sent by Burns to his publisher, George Thomson, at the end of August 1793, with the title "Robert Bruce's March To Bannockburn", and a postscript saying that he had been inspired by Bruce's "glorious struggle for Freedom, associated with the glowing ideas of some other struggles of the same nature, not quite so ancient." This is seen as a covert reference to the Radical movement, and particularly to the trial of Glasgow lawyer Thomas Muir of Huntershill, whose trial began on 30 August 1793 as part of a government crackdown, after the French Revolutionary Wars led to France declaring war on the Kingdom of Great Britain on 1 February 1793. Muir was accused of sedition for allegedly inciting the Scottish people to oppose the government during the December 1792 convention of the Scottish Friends of the People Society, and was eventually sentenced to 14 years' transportation to the convict settlement at Botany Bay. Burns was aware that if he declared his republican and radical sympathies openly, he could suffer the same fate.

When Burns notably agreed to let the Morning Chronicle, of 8 May 1794, publish the song, it was on the basis of "let them insert it as a thing they have met with by accident, and unknown to me." The song was included in the 1799 edition of A Select Collection of Original Scottish Airs for the Voice,^[2] edited by George Thomson, but Thomson preferred the tune "Lewie Gordon", and had Burns add to the fourth line of each stanza, to suit. In the 1802 edition, the original words and tune were restored. In 1881, The New York Times, reviewing Our Familiar Songs and Those Who Made Them by Helen Kendrick Johnson, asserted that no song was "more glorious" than "Scots, wha hae wi Wallace bled", explaining that once Burns' poem had been set to the tune of Hey Tuttie Tatie, it "marched through the land forever, loud, and triumphant."^[3] "Scots Wha Hae" is the party song of the Scottish National Party. In the past, it was sung at the close of their annual national conference each year. The tune was adapted for military band as Marche des soldats de Robert Bruce by French army Chef de Musique Léonce Chomel, and recorded around 1910 in his Marches historiques, chants et chansons des soldats de France.^[4] The tune is also featured in the fourth movement of the Scottish Fantasy, composed in 1880 by German composer Max Bruch .

Lyrics

Original lyrics

Scots, wha hae wi Wallace bled,

Scots, wham Bruce has aften led,

Welcome tae yer gory bed,

Or tae victorie.

English translation

Scots, who have with Wallace bled,

Scots, whom Bruce has often led,

Welcome to your gory bed

Or to victory.

Now's the day, an now's the hour:

See the front o battle lour,

See approach proud Edward's power—

Chains and Slaverie.

Now's the day, and now's the hour:

See the front of battle lower (threaten),

See approach proud Edward's power—

Chains and slavery.

Wha will be a traitor knave?

Wha will fill a coward's grave?

Wha sae base as be a slave?

Let him turn a flee.

Who will be a traitor knave?

Who will fill a coward's grave?

Who's so base as be a slave?

Let him turn, and flee.

Wha, for Scotland's king and law,

Freedom's sword will strongly draw,

Freeman stand, or Freeman fa,

Let him on wi me.

Who for Scotland's King and Law

Freedom's sword will strongly draw,

Freeman stand or freeman fall,

Let him follow me.

By Oppression's woes and pains,

By your sons in servile chains!

We will drain our dearest veins,

But they shall be free.

By oppression's woes and pains,

By your sons in servile chains,

We will drain our dearest veins

But they shall be free.

Lay the proud usurpers low,

Tyrants fa in every foe,

Libertie's in every blow!—

Let us do or dee.

Lay the proud usurpers low,

Tyrants fall in every foe,

Liberty's in every blow!—

Let us do or die.

In popular culture

The opening lyrics of the song are the key words for the posthypnotic-suggestion programming of United Nations Exploratory Force soldiers in Joe Haldeman's military science-fiction novel The Forever War, intended to make them particularly aggressive in battle.
In the Dad's Army episode "My British Buddy", Private Frazer recites a personally updated version of the song's second and third lyrics to an American colonel during the welcoming of the United States into World War II.

References

^ Murray Pittock, Poetry and Jacobite politics in eighteenth-century Britain and Ireland
^ George Thomson (1757-1851) (1826). [George Thomson (ed.)], A Select Collection Of Original Scottish Airs For The Voice [...] New Edition, Vol. 3, Preston, London, 1826. pp. 132–33.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ "The Songs of Former Days". The New York Times. 6 November 1881.
^ Chomel, Léonce, Marches historiques, chants et chansons des soldats de France, 3 tomes, Musée de l’armée, 1912 (manuscrit).

Bold, Alan (editor), Rhymer Rab, An Anthology of Poems and Prose by Robert Burns, Black Swan, Transworld Publishers Ltd, London 1993, ISBN 0-552-99526-6
Mackay, James A. (editor), The Complete Letters of Robert Burns, Ayr 1987.

External links

Digitised copy of Scots Wha Hae in James Johnson's Scots Musical Museum, printed between 1787 and 1803, from National Library of Scotland. JPEG, PDF, XML versions.
MP3 file of vocal performance The Reevers • Farewell to the Highlands

[1] Murray Pittock, Poetry and Jacobite politics in eighteenth-century Britain and Ireland

[2] George Thomson (1757-1851) (1826). [George Thomson (ed.)], A Select Collection Of Original Scottish Airs For The Voice [...] New Edition, Vol. 3, Preston, London, 1826. pp. 132–33.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

[3] "The Songs of Former Days". The New York Times. 6 November 1881.

[4] Chomel, Léonce, Marches historiques, chants et chansons des soldats de France, 3 tomes, Musée de l’armée, 1912 (manuscrit).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 [[File:Scots Wha hae wi' Wallace Bled.jpg|thumb|300px|Scots Wha hae wi' Wallace Bled]]
-"'''Scots Wha Hae'''" ([[English language|English]]: ''Scots, Who Have''; {{lang-gd|Brosnachadh Bhruis}}) is a patriotic song of [[Scotland]] written using both words of the [[Scots language]] and [[English language|English]], which served for centuries as an unofficial [[National anthem of Scotland|national anthem]] of the country, but has lately been largely supplanted by "[[Scotland the Brave]]" and "[[Flower of Scotland]]". It can clearly be seen from old newspapers that 'Scots Wha Hae Wi' Wallace Bled' was the OFFICIAL National Anthem of Scotland until around 1899 when it appears to have been replaced with the English National Anthem 'God Save The Queen'.
+"'''Scots Wha Hae'''" ([[English language|English]]: ''Scots Who Have'') is a patriotic song of [[Scotland]] written using both words of the [[Scots language]] and [[English language|English]], which served for centuries as an unofficial [[National anthem of Scotland|national anthem]] of the country, but has lately been largely supplanted by "[[Scotland the Brave]]" and "[[Flower of Scotland]]".
+== Background ==
-The lyrics were written by [[Robert Burns]] in 1793, in the form of a speech given by [[Robert the Bruce]] before the [[Battle of Bannockburn]] in 1314, where Scotland maintained its [[sovereignty]] from the [[Kingdom of England]]. Although the lyrics are by Burns, he wrote them to the traditional Scottish tune "[[Hey Tuttie Tatie]]" which, according to tradition, was played by Bruce's army at the Battle of Bannockburn,<ref>{{citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c8gOMBoI60QC&pg=PA218 |title=Poetry and Jacobite politics in eighteenth-century Britain and Ireland |author=Murray Pittock}}</ref>.
-According to tradition, the same theme was played in 1429 by the Franco-Scots army at the [[Siege of Orleans]] in front of [[Jeanne d' Arc|Jeanne d'Arc]]. The song, called "Marche des soldats de Robert Bruce" in France, belong to the traditional list of military musics and commemorates the long lasting [[Auld Alliance|Awld alliance]] between France and Scotland. As for the Battle of Bannockburn the theme really played was probably a traditional Scottish theme like Hey Tuttie Tatie.
+The lyrics were written by [[Robert Burns]] in 1793, in the form of a speech given by [[Robert the Bruce]] before the [[Battle of Bannockburn]] in 1314 during the [[Scottish Wars of Independence]]. Although the lyrics are by Burns, he wrote them to the traditional Scottish tune "[[Hey Tuttie Tatie]]", which according to tradition, was played by Bruce's army at the Battle of Bannockburn.<ref>{{citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c8gOMBoI60QC&pg=PA218 |title=Poetry and Jacobite politics in eighteenth-century Britain and Ireland |author=Murray Pittock}}</ref> According to tradition, the same theme was played in 1429 by the Franco-Scots army at the [[siege of Orléans]] in front of [[Joan of Arc]].{{Citation needed|reason=Needs a reliable source for this claim.|date=May 2021}} The song, called "Marche des soldats de Robert Bruce" in France, belongs to the traditional list of military music, and commemorates the [[Auld Alliance]] between France and Scotland. As for the Battle of Bannockburn, the theme really played was probably a traditional Scottish theme such as "Hey Tuttie Tatie".  The tune tends to be played as a slow [[air (music)|air]], but certain arrangements put it at a faster tempo, as in the ''[[Scottish Fantasy]]'' by [[Max Bruch]], the concert overture ''Rob Roy'' by [[Hector Berlioz]], and the [[Real McKenzies]]' [[punk rock]] rendition on their 1998 album ''[[Clash of the Tartans]]''.
+The song was sent by Burns to his publisher, [[George Thomson (musician)|George Thomson]], at the end of August 1793, with the title "Robert Bruce's March To Bannockburn", and a postscript saying that he had been inspired by Bruce's "glorious struggle for Freedom, associated with the glowing ideas of some other struggles of the same nature, not quite so ancient." This is seen as a covert reference to the [[Radicalism (historical)|Radical]] movement, and particularly to the trial of [[Glasgow]] lawyer [[Thomas Muir of Huntershill]], whose trial began on 30 August 1793 as part of a government crackdown, after the [[French Revolutionary Wars]] led to France declaring war on the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] on 1 February 1793. Muir was accused of [[sedition]] for allegedly inciting the Scottish people to oppose the government during the December 1792 convention of the Scottish [[Friends of the People Society]], and was eventually sentenced to 14 years' [[penal transportation|transportation]] to the convict settlement at [[Botany Bay]]. Burns was aware that if he declared his [[Republicanism|republican]] and radical sympathies openly, he could suffer the same fate.
-The tune tends to be played as a slow [[air (music)|air]], but certain arrangements put it at a faster tempo, as in the ''[[Scottish Fantasy]]'' by [[Max Bruch]], the concert overture ''Rob Roy'' by [[Hector Berlioz]], and the [[Real McKenzies]]' [[punk rock]] rendition on their 1998 album ''[[Clash of the Tartans]]''.
+When Burns notably agreed to let the ''[[Morning Chronicle]]'', of 8 May 1794, publish the song, it was on the basis of "let them insert it as a thing they have met with by accident, and unknown to me." The song was included in the 1799 edition of ''A Select Collection of Original Scottish Airs for the Voice'',<ref>{{Cite book |last=George Thomson (1757-1851) |url=http://archive.org/details/ThomsonScottishAirsNewEd1826Vol3 |title=[George Thomson (ed.)], A Select Collection Of Original Scottish Airs For The Voice [...] New Edition, Vol. 3, Preston, London, 1826 |date=1826 |pages=132-33}}</ref> edited by [[George Thomson (musician)|George Thomson]], but Thomson preferred the tune "Lewie Gordon", and had Burns add to the fourth line of each [[stanza]], to suit. In the 1802 edition, the original words and tune were restored. In 1881, ''[[The New York Times]]'', reviewing ''Our Familiar Songs and Those Who Made Them'' by [[Helen Kendrick Johnson]], asserted that  no song was "more glorious" than "{{lang|sco|Scots, wha hae wi Wallace bled}}", explaining that once Burns' poem had been set to the tune of ''Hey Tuttie Tatie'', it "marched through the land forever, loud, and triumphant."<ref>{{cite news |title=The Songs of Former Days |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=6 November 1881}}</ref> "Scots Wha Hae" is the [[party song]] of the [[Scottish National Party]]. In the past, it was sung at the close of their annual national conference each year. The tune was adapted for military band as {{lang|fr|Marche des soldats de Robert Bruce}} by French army {{lang|fr|Chef de Musique Léonce Chomel|italics=no}}, and recorded around 1910 in his {{lang|fr|Marches historiques, chants et chansons des soldats de France}}.<ref>Chomel, Léonce, ''Marches historiques, chants et chansons des soldats de France'', 3 tomes, Musée de l’armée, 1912 (manuscrit).</ref> The tune is also featured in the fourth movement of the [[Scottish Fantasy]], composed in 1880 by German composer [[Max Bruch]] .
-The song was sent by Burns to his publisher [[George Thomson (musician)|George Thomson]], at the end of August 1793, with the title ''Robert Bruce's March To Bannockburn'', and a postscript saying that he had been inspired by Bruce's 'glorious struggle for Freedom, associated with the glowing ideas of some other struggles of the same nature, not quite so ancient.' This is seen as a covert reference to the [[Radicalism (historical)|Radical]] movement, and particularly to the trial of the [[Glasgow]] lawyer [[Thomas Muir (radical)|Thomas Muir of Huntershill]], whose trial began on 30 August 1793 as part of a British government crackdown, after the [[French Revolutionary Wars]] led to [[France]] declaring war on the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] on 1 February 1793.
-Muir was accused of [[sedition]] for allegedly inciting the Scottish people to oppose the government during the December 1792 convention of the Scottish '[[Friends of the People Society]], and was eventually sentenced to fourteen years' [[penal transportation|transportation]] to the convict settlement at [[Botany Bay]], [[Australia]].
-Burns was aware that if he declared his [[Republicanism|Republican]] and Radical sympathies openly he could suffer the same fate. It is notable that when Burns agreed to let the ''[[Morning Chronicle]]'', of 8 May 1794, publish the song, it was on the basis of 'let them insert it as a thing they have met with by accident, and unknown to me.'
-The song was included in the 1799 edition of ''A Select Collection of Original Scottish Airs for the Voice'', edited by [[George Thomson (musician)|George Thomson]], but Thomson preferred the tune "[[Lewie Gordon]]" and had Burns add to the fourth line of each [[stanza]], to suit. In the 1802 edition, the original words and tune were restored.
-"Scots Wha Hae" is the [[party song]] of the [[Scottish National Party]]. In the past, it was sung at the close of their annual national conference each year.
-The tune was adapted for military band as ''Marche des soldats de Robert Bruce'' by French army Chef de Musique Léonce Chomel, and recorded around 1910 in his ''Marches historiques, chants et chansons des soldats de France''<ref>Chomel, Léonce, ''Marches historiques, chants et chansons des soldats de France'', 3 tomes, Musée de l’armée, 1912 (manuscrit).</ref>.
 ==Lyrics==
+{| role="presentation"
-{{Unreferenced section|date=March 2016}}
-{|
 |- Burns Night P6/7
+| lang="sco" |
+: '''{{lang|en|Original lyrics|italic=no}}'''
+: Scots, wha hae wi [[William Wallace|Wallace]] bled,
+: Scots, wham [[Robert the Bruce|Bruce]] has aften led,
+: Welcome tae yer gory bed,
+: Or tae victorie.
 |
-:'''Original lyrics'''
+: '''English translation'''
-:'Scots, wha hae wi [[William Wallace|Wallace]] bled,
+: Scots, who have with Wallace bled,
-:Scots, wham [[Robert I of Scotland|Bruce]] has aften led,
+: Scots, whom Bruce has often led,
-:Welcome tae yer gory bed,
+: Welcome to your gory bed
-:Or tae victorie.
+: Or to victory.
-|
-:'''English translation'''
-:'Scots, who have with Wallace bled,
-:Scots, whom Bruce has often led,
-:Welcome to your gory bed
-:Or to victory.
-|
-:'''Scottish Gaelic translation'''
-:Fheachd Alba, thug le Uallas buaidh,
-:'S tric fo Bhrus bha 'n cogadh cruaidh,
-:Fàilte dhuibh gu fois na h-uaigh,
-:No gu buaidh is sìth.
 |-
+| lang="sco" |
+: Now's the day, an now's the hour:
+: See the front o battle lour,
+: See approach [[Edward II of England|proud Edward's]] power—
+: Chains and Slaverie.
 |
-:'Now's the day, an now's the hour:
+: Now's the day, and now's the hour:
-:See the front o battle lour,
+: See the front of battle lower (threaten),
-:See approach [[Edward II of England|proud Edward's]] power –
+: See approach proud Edward's power—
-:Chains and Slaverie.
+: Chains and slavery.
-|
-:'Now is the day, and now is the hour:
-:See the front of battle lower (threaten),
-:See approach proud Edward's power –
-:Chains and slavery.
-|
-:Seo an latha – an uair seo tha,
-:Feuch fo 'n cruaidh a-nuas mar sgàil,
-:Feachd na h-uaill fo Ionbhar dàn',
-:Dhèanamh thràillean dinn.
 |-
+| lang="sco" |
+: Wha will be a traitor knave?
+: Wha will fill a coward's grave?
+: Wha sae base as be a slave?
+: Let him turn a flee.
 |
-:'Wha will be a traitor knave?
+: Who will be a traitor knave?
-:Wha will fill a coward's grave?
+: Who will fill a coward's grave?
-:Wha sae base as be a slave?
+: Who's so base as be a slave?
-:Let him turn an flee.
+: Let him turn, and flee.
-|
-:'Who will be a traitor knave?
-:Who will fill a coward's grave?
-:Who's so base as be a slave? –
-:Let him turn, and flee.
-|
-:Cò 'na shloightear, feallta, fuar?
-:Cò 'na ghealtar dh'iarradh uaigh?
-:Cò 'na thràill fo shail luchd-fuath?
-:Clis bi bhuam fhir-chlith.
 |-
+| lang="sco" |
+: Wha, for Scotland's [[Robert the Bruce|king]] and [[Scots law|law]],
+: Freedom's sword will strongly draw,
+: Freeman stand, or Freeman fa,
+: Let him on wi me.
 |
-:'Wha, for Scotland's [[Robert the Bruce|king]] and [[Scots law|law]],
+: Who for Scotland's King and Law
-:Freedom's sword will strongly draw,
+: Freedom's sword will strongly draw,
-:Freeman stand, or Freeman fa,
+: Freeman stand or freeman fall,
-:Let him on wi me.
+: Let him follow me.
-|
-:'Who for Scotland's King and Law
-:Freedom's sword will strongly draw,
-:Freeman stand or freeman fall,
-:Let him follow me.
-|
-:Cò às leth a Thìr, 's a Còir
-:Thairrneas stàillinn chruaidh 'na dhòrn?
-:Buaidh an àird, no bàs le glòir!
-:Lean a dheòin do Rìgh.
 |-
+| lang="sco" |
+: By Oppression's woes and pains,
+: By your sons in servile chains!
+: We will drain our dearest veins,
+: But they shall be free.
 |
-:'By Oppression's woes and pains,
+: By oppression's woes and pains,
-:By your sons in servile chains!
+: By your sons in servile chains,
-:We will drain our dearest veins,
+: We will drain our dearest veins
-:But they shall be free.
+: But they shall be free.
-|
-:'By oppression's woes and pains,
-:By your sons in servile chains,
-:We will drain our dearest veins
-:But they shall be free.
-|
-:Air ar bruid fo shluagh neo-chaomh,
-:Air bhur n-àl an sàs san daors',
-:Tràighidh sinn ar fuil 's an raon,
-:Bheir sinn saors' d' ar linn.
 |-
+| lang="sco" |
+: Lay the proud usurpers low,
+: Tyrants fa in every foe,
+: Libertie's in every blow!—
+: Let us do or dee.
 |
-:'Lay the proud usurpers low,
+: Lay the proud usurpers low,
-:Tyrants fall in every foe,
+: Tyrants fall in every foe,
-:Liberty's in every blow! –
+: Liberty's in every blow!—
-:Let us do or dee.
+: Let us do or die.
-|
-:'Lay the proud usurpers low,
-:Tyrants fall in every foe,
-:Liberty is in every blow,
-:Let us do or die!'
-|
-:Sìos na coimhich bhorb gur bas!
-:Sreath gun ìochd – gach ceann thig 'bhàin,
-:Saorsa thig an lorg gach stràic.
-:Buaidh no bàs man till.
 |}
+==In popular culture==
+* The opening lyrics of the song are the key words for the posthypnotic-suggestion programming of [[United Nations]] Exploratory Force soldiers in [[Joe Haldeman]]'s [[military science-fiction]] novel ''[[The Forever War]],'' intended to make them particularly aggressive in battle.
+* In the ''[[Dad's Army]]'' episode "[[My British Buddy]]", [[Private Frazer]] recites a personally updated version of the song's second and third lyrics to an American colonel during the welcoming of the [[United States]] into [[World War II]].
 ==References==
@@ Line 136: / Line 98: @@
 ==External links==
 *Digitised copy of [http://digital.nls.uk/91460792 Scots Wha Hae] in James Johnson's [[Scots Musical Museum]], printed between 1787 and 1803, from [[National Library of Scotland]]. JPEG, PDF, XML versions.
-* [http://www.electricscotland.com/music/artists/mp3/scots_wha_hae.mp3 MP3 file of vocal performance]
+* [http://www.electricscotland.com/music/artists/mp3/scots_wha_hae.mp3 MP3 file of vocal performance] The Reevers • Farewell to the Highlands
 {{Robert Burns}}
 {{Authority control}}
-[[Category:Scottish patriotic songs]]
+[[Category:1790s songs]]
+[[Category:1793 in Scotland]]
+[[Category:1793 works]]
+[[Category:Cultural depictions of William Wallace]]
+[[Category:Poetry by Robert Burns]]
 [[Category:Political party songs]]
-[[Category:Poetry by Robert Burns]]
+[[Category:Robert the Bruce]]
-[[Category:Scots-language works]]
 [[Category:Scottish National Party]]
-[[Category:1790s songs]]
+[[Category:Scottish patriotic songs]]
-[[Category:Scottish literature]]
 [[Category:Traditional ballads]]
-[[Category:William Wallace]]
-[[Category:1793 works]]
-[[Category:1793 in Scotland]]
-[[Category:European anthems]]

v t e Robert Burns
Poems	"Comin' Thro' the Rye" (1782) "John Barleycorn" (1782) "Man Was Made to Mourn" (1784) "Address to the Deil" (1785) "Epitaph for James Smith" (1785) "Halloween" (1785) "Handsome Nell" (1774) "Holy Willie's Prayer" (1785) "To a Mouse" (1785) The Kilmarnock volume (1786) "To a Louse" (1786) "To a Mountain Daisy" (1786) "The Cotter's Saturday Night" (1786) "The Battle of Sherramuir" (1787) "The Birks of Aberfeldy" (1787) "The Holy Tulzie" (1784) "Auld Lang Syne" (1788) "My Heart's in the Highlands" (1789) "Tam o' Shanter" (1790) "Ae Fond Kiss" (1791) "Such a Parcel of Rogues in a Nation" (1791) "Ye Jacobites by Name" (1791) "Sweet Afton" (1791) "The Slave's Lament" (1792) "Oh, whistle and I'll come to you, my lad" (1793) "Scots Wha Hae" (1793) "A Red, Red Rose" (1794) "Ca' the yowes" (revised, 1794) "A Man's A Man for A' That" (1795)
Books	Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect Edinburgh Belfast Dublin Variant London
Places	Brownhill Inn Burns Cottage Drukken Steps Ellisland Farm Friars Carse The Hermitage, Friars Carse Irvine Burns Club Millmannoch Mossgiel Farm Robert Burns and the Eglinton Estate Writers' Museum
Family	Jean Armour (wife) Robert Burns Junior (son) Francis Wallace Burns (son) William Nicol Burns (son) Elizabeth 'Betty' Burns (natural daughter) James Glencairn Burns (son) Agnes Broun (mother) William Burnes (father) Gilbert Burns (brother) Agnes Burns (sister) Annabella Burns (sister) William Burns (brother) John Burns (brother) Isabella Burns (sister) Adam Armour (brother-in-law) James Armour (father-in-law) Robert Burnes (uncle)
People	Robert Aiken Robert Ainslie John Anderson John Bacon (landlord) John Ballantine Alison Begbie Thomas Blacklock Nelly Blair Richard Brown May Cameron Mary Campbell Margaret Chalmers Jenny Clow Alison Cockburn Alexander Cunningham (lawyer) Lord Glencairn Frances Dunlop Robert Fergusson Alexander Findlater Jean Gardner Jean Glover Robert Graham of Fintry Gavin Hamilton Helen Hyslop Nelly Kilpatrick John Lewars Janet Little Jean Lorimer (Chloris) James McKie John MacKenzie Agnes Maclehose John McMurdo William Maxwell John Murdoch William Nicol Anna Park Elizabeth Paton John Richmond James Smith David Sillar John Syme Alexander Tait Robert Tannahill Peggy Thompson Edward Whigham
Related	The Geddes Burns Glenriddell Manuscripts Bachelors' Club, Tarbolton Burns Clubs Robert Burns World Federation Bust of Robert Burns Irvine Atlanta Burns supper Memorials Kilmarnock Robert Burns's Commonplace Book 1783–1785 Robert Burns's Interleaved Scots Musical Museum Montreal Barre Albany Boston Robert Burns (Stevenson) Robert Burns (Steell) Robert Burns's diamond point engravings Robert Burns and the Eglinton Estate Robert Burns Humanitarian Award The Loves of Robert Burns (1930 film) "The Marriage of Robin Redbreast and the Wren" "The Merry Muses of Caledonia" The Poetical Works of Janet Little, The Scotch Milkmaid A Manual of Religious Belief