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Coordinates: 36°50′09″N 107°59′53″W / 36.8358370°N 107.9981235°W / 36.8358370; -107.9981235
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{{short description|US national monument in New Mexico}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2017}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2015}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox protected area
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Aztec Ruins National Monument
| name = Aztec Ruins National Monument
| iucn_category = V
| iucn_category = III
| photo = Aztec Ruins National Monument by RO.JPG
| photo = Aztec Ruins National Monument by RO.JPG
| photo_alt =
| photo_alt =
| map = New Mexico#USA
| map = Aztec Ruins National Monument NPS site map.jpg
| map_alt =
| map_alt =
| location = [[San Juan County, New Mexico|San Juan County]], New Mexico, US
| location = [[San Juan County, New Mexico]], U.S.
| nearest_city = [[Aztec, New Mexico|Aztec]]
| nearest_city = [[Aztec, New Mexico|Aztec]]
| coordinates = {{coords|36.8358370|-107.9981235|region:US-NM|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coords|36.8358370|-107.9981235|region:US-NM|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref = <ref name="gnis">{{cite gnis |id=885961 |name=Aztec Ruins National Monument |accessdate=March 18, 2012}}</ref>
| coords_ref = <ref>{{cite gnis |id=885961 |name=Aztec Ruins National Monument | access-date=March 18, 2012}}</ref>
| area_acre = 318
| area_acre = 318
| area_ref = <ref name="area">{{NPS area |year=2011 |accessdate=March 18, 2012}}</ref>
| area_ref = <ref>{{NPS area |year=2011 |accessdate=March 18, 2012}}</ref>
| created = {{start date|1923|Jan|24}}
| created = {{start date|1923|Jan|24}}
| visitation_num = 41,106
| visitation_num = 52,756
| visitation_year = 2011
| visitation_year = 2017
| visitation_ref =<ref name="visits">{{NPS Visitation |accessdate=March 18, 2012}}</ref>
| visitation_ref = <ref name="visits">{{NPS visitation |accessdate=2018-04-10}}</ref>
| governing_body = [[National Park Service]]
| governing_body = [[National Park Service]]
| website = [https://www.nps.gov/azru Aztec Ruins National Monument]
| website = [https://www.nps.gov/azru Aztec Ruins National Monument]
Line 25: Line 27:
| designation2_type = [[U.S. historic district]]
| designation2_type = [[U.S. historic district]]
| designation2_date = October 18, 1966
| designation2_date = October 18, 1966
| designation2_number = [http://focus.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/66000484 66000484]<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>
| designation2_number = [http://focus.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/66000484 66000484]<ref>{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>
| designation3 = New Mexico
| designation3 = New Mexico
| designation3_date = May 21, 1971
| designation3_date = May 21, 1971
| designation3_number = [http://www.nmhistoricpreservation.org/assets/files/registers/2012%20Report_%20Section%203_%20Arranged%20by%20Number.pdf 55]
| designation3_number = [http://www.nmhistoricpreservation.org/assets/files/registers/2012%20Report_%20Section%203_%20Arranged%20by%20Number.pdf 55]}}
}}
}}
}}
The '''Aztec Ruins National Monument''' preserves [[Ancestral Puebloans|Ancestral Puebloan]] structures in North-Western New Mexico, United States, located close to the town of [[Aztec, New Mexico|Aztec]] and Northeast of [[Farmington, New Mexico|Farmington]], near the [[Animas River]]. '''[[Salmon Ruins]] and Heritage Park''', with more Puebloan structures, lies a short distance to the south, just west of [[Bloomfield, New Mexico|Bloomfield]] near the San Juan River. The buildings date to the 11th to 13th centuries, and the misnomer attributing them to the [[Aztec]] civilization can be traced back to early American settlers in the mid-19th century. The actual construction was by the Ancestral Puebloans.


The '''Aztec Ruins National Monument''' in northwestern [[New Mexico]], United States, consists of preserved structures constructed by the [[Ancestral Puebloan|Pueblo Indians]]. The [[National monument (United States)|national monument]] lies on the western bank of the [[Animas River]] in [[Aztec, New Mexico|Aztec]], New Mexico, about {{convert|12|mi}} northeast of [[Farmington, New Mexico|Farmington]]. Additional Puebloan structures can be found in [[Salmon Ruins and Heritage Park]], {{convert|9.5|mi}} south. Archaeological evidence puts the construction of the ruins in the 12th and 13th centuries. The Puebloan-built ruins were dubbed the "Aztec Ruins" by 19th century American settlers who misattributed their construction to the [[Aztecs]].<ref>{{cite web | title=National Park Service, Aztec Ruins, Frequently Asked Questions| url=http://www.nps.gov/azru/faqs.htm | access-date=November 18, 2019}}</ref>
The site was declared "Aztec Ruin [[U.S. National Monument|National Monument]]" on January 24, 1923, and with a boundary change it was renamed "Ruins" on July 2, 1928. As a historical property of the [[National Park Service]], the National Monument was administratively listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] on October 15, 1966. Aztec Ruins was added to the [[UNESCO]] list of [[World Heritage Sites]], as part of the [[Chaco Culture National Historical Park]], on December 8, 1987. The site is on the [[Trail of the Ancients Scenic Byway (New Mexico)|Trails of the Ancients Byway]], one of the designated [[New Mexico Scenic Byways]].<ref name="NM TOA">[http://www.newmexico.org/trail-of-the-ancients/ Trail of the Ancients.] New Mexico Tourism Department. Retrieved August 14, 2014.</ref>

The site was declared "Aztec Ruin National Monument" on January 24, 1923. "Ruin" was changed to "Ruins" after a boundary change, on July 2, 1928. As a historical property of the [[National Park Service]], the monument was administratively listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] on October 15, 1966. The [[United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization]]
(UNESCO) listed the [[Chaco Culture National Historical Park|Chaco Culture]] as a [[World Heritage Site]] on December 8, 1987. That listing specifically included the Aztec Ruins.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/353 | title=World Heritage List: Chaco Culture | publisher=[[United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization]] | access-date=December 31, 2017}}</ref>

The monument is on the [[Trail of the Ancients Scenic Byway (New Mexico)|Trail of the Ancients Scenic Byway]], one of New Mexico's [[New Mexico Scenic Byways|Scenic Byways]].<ref>[http://www.newmexico.org/trail-of-the-ancients/ Trail of the Ancients.] {{webarchive | url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821002106/http://www.newmexico.org/trail-of-the-ancients/ | date=August 21, 2014}} New Mexico Tourism Department. Retrieved August 14, 2014.</ref>

The property was part of a 160-acre (65 ha) homestead owned by H.D. Abrams, who supported the preservation of the ruins. The [[H.D. Abrams House]] in Aztec is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.<ref>{{cite web|title=National Register of Historic Places|url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=18eaa6d8-0b0d-42fc-a6db-827703c16d1b|website=NPS.gov|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref>

== Climate ==
The climate of Aztec Ruins National Monument is a typical [[Semi-arid_climate#Cold_semi-arid_climates|semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''BSk'').
{{Weather box
|single line = yes
|width = auto
|collapsed = Y
|location= Aztec Ruins National Monument (1991&ndash;2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1895&ndash;present)
|Jan record high F = 69
|Feb record high F = 78
|Mar record high F = 86
|Apr record high F = 89
|May record high F = 98
|Jun record high F = 105
|Jul record high F = 106
|Aug record high F = 105
|Sep record high F = 101
|Oct record high F = 92
|Nov record high F = 77
|Dec record high F = 69
|year record high F = 106
|Jan avg record high F = 56.3
|Feb avg record high F = 62.7
|Mar avg record high F = 73.3
|Apr avg record high F = 80.7
|May avg record high F = 89.2
|Jun avg record high F = 96.8
|Jul avg record high F = 99.1
|Aug avg record high F = 95.8
|Sep avg record high F = 90.7
|Oct avg record high F = 81.8
|Nov avg record high F = 68.7
|Dec avg record high F = 57.2
|year avg record high F = 99.5
|Jan high F = 46.0
|Feb high F = 52.5
|Mar high F = 62.8
|Apr high F = 70.6
|May high F = 79.8
|Jun high F = 90.3
|Jul high F = 93.9
|Aug high F = 91.2
|Sep high F = 84.2
|Oct high F = 71.7
|Nov high F = 57.7
|Dec high F = 46.4
|year high F = 70.6
|Jan mean F = 31.6
|Feb mean F = 37.0
|Mar mean F = 44.9
|Apr mean F = 51.7
|May mean F = 60.4
|Jun mean F = 70.0
|Jul mean F = 76.1
|Aug mean F = 74.0
|Sep mean F = 66.3
|Oct mean F = 53.7
|Nov mean F = 41.5
|Dec mean F = 32.1
|year mean F = 53.3
|Jan low F = 17.1
|Feb low F = 21.5
|Mar low F = 27.0
|Apr low F = 32.7
|May low F = 41.0
|Jun low F = 49.7
|Jul low F = 58.2
|Aug low F = 56.9
|Sep low F = 48.5
|Oct low F = 35.7
|Nov low F = 25.3
|Dec low F = 17.8
|year low F = 35.9
|Jan avg record low F = 2.8
|Feb avg record low F = 8.1
|Mar avg record low F = 14.1
|Apr avg record low F = 19.9
|May avg record low F = 29.7
|Jun avg record low F = 38.2
|Jul avg record low F = 48.6
|Aug avg record low F = 49.5
|Sep avg record low F = 35.1
|Oct avg record low F = 21.6
|Nov avg record low F = 11.7
|Dec avg record low F = 3.2
|year avg record low F = -0.8
|Jan record low F = -26
|Feb record low F = -27
|Mar record low F = -3
|Apr record low F = 2
|May record low F = 12
|Jun record low F = 24
|Jul record low F = 39
|Aug record low F = 36
|Sep record low F = 22
|Oct record low F = 6
|Nov record low F = -7
|Dec record low F = -24
|year record low F = -27
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.90
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.75
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.77
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.69
|May precipitation inch = 0.71
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.28
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.96
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.32
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.13
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.94
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.94
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.67
|year precipitation inch = 10.06
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 inch
|Jan precipitation days = 5.6
|Feb precipitation days = 5.1
|Mar precipitation days = 4.4
|Apr precipitation days = 3.7
|May precipitation days = 3.8
|Jun precipitation days = 2.1
|Jul precipitation days = 5.1
|Aug precipitation days = 7.0
|Sep precipitation days = 5.7
|Oct precipitation days = 4.7
|Nov precipitation days = 4.2
|Dec precipitation days = 5.1
|year precipitation days = 56.5
|Jan snow inch = 4.5
|Feb snow inch = 2.3
|Mar snow inch = 0.5
|Apr snow inch = 0.2
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.3
|Nov snow inch = 0.9
|Dec snow inch = 2.2
|year snow inch = 10.9
|unit snow days = 0.1 inch
|Jan snow days = 2.3
|Feb snow days = 1.7
|Mar snow days = 0.5
|Apr snow days = 0.2
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.2
|Nov snow days = 0.7
|Dec snow days = 1.7
|year snow days = 7.3
|source 1= [[NOAA]]<ref name="NCDC">{{Cite web
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00290692&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|access-date = July 15, 2023
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230715075044/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00290692&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|archive-date = 2023-07-15
|publisher = National Weather Service}}</ref><ref name="NOWData">{{Cite web
|title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=abq
|access-date = July 15, 2023
|publisher = National Weather Service}}</ref>
}}
=== Notes ===
{{notelist}}

== Gallery ==
{{Gallery
| title =
| align = center
| footer =
| style =
| state =
| height =
| width =
| captionstyle =
| File:Aztec Ruins National Monument, New Mexico, US (12).jpg
| The restored Great [[Kiva]] at Aztec Ruins
| alt1=
| File:Aztec Ruins National Monument NPS site map.jpg
| NPS Map
| alt2=
}}
{{wide image|Aztec Ruins October 2022 panorama.jpg|900px|alt=A color panorama of a large sandstone ruin|Aztec West, with reconstructed great [[kiva]] (right)}}


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal box|NRHP|Indigenous Peoples of North America|New Mexico}}
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in San Juan County, New Mexico]]
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in San Juan County, New Mexico]]
*[[List of National Monuments of the United States]]
*[[List of the oldest buildings in New Mexico]]


==References==
==References==
* ''The National Parks: Index 2001–2003''. Washington: [[United States Department of the Interior|U.S. Department of the Interior]].
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
[[File:Aztec West.png|thumb|right|Aztec West. Overview of Chacoan structure, with Hubbard Mound at lower left.]]
[[File:Aztec Ruins panorama by RO.JPG|center|800px|alt=A color panorama of a large sandstone ruin|Aztec West, with reconstructed great kiva (right)]]


==External links==
==External links==
* "The National Parks: Index 2001–2003". Washington, D. C., [[United States Department of the Interior]]
* [http://www.aztecnm.com/aztec/ruins/monument.html Aztec Tourism - Aztec Ruins National Monument Photos and Videos]
* [http://www.farmingtonnm.org/pages/aztecruins.html Aztec Ruins - Photos, Videos, and Maps]
* [http://www.nps.gov/azru/ National Park Service website]
* [http://www.nps.gov/azru/ National Park Service website]
* [http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/amsw/ American Southwest, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary]
* [http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/amsw/ American Southwest, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary]
* [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/353 UNESCO World Heritage site]
* [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/353 UNESCO World Heritage site]
* {{librivox book | title=Aztec Ruins National Monument | author=Corbett}}

{{commons category|position=left|Aztec Ruins National Monument}}
* {{commons category-inline|Aztec Ruins National Monument}}


{{Portal bar|National Register of Historic Places}}
{{Protected areas of New Mexico}}
{{Protected areas of New Mexico}}
{{National Monuments of the United States}}
{{National Monuments of the United States}}
{{Pre-Columbian North America}}
{{Pre-Columbian North America}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:1923 establishments in New Mexico]]
[[Category:1923 establishments in New Mexico]]
Line 69: Line 263:
[[Category:Native American history of New Mexico]]
[[Category:Native American history of New Mexico]]
[[Category:Native American museums in New Mexico]]
[[Category:Native American museums in New Mexico]]
[[Category:National Park Service National Monuments in New Mexico]]
[[Category:National Park Service national monuments in New Mexico]]
[[Category:Open-air museums in New Mexico]]
[[Category:Open-air museums in New Mexico]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1923]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1923]]
[[Category:Protected areas of San Juan County, New Mexico]]
[[Category:Protected areas of San Juan County, New Mexico]]
[[Category:Pueblo great houses]]
[[Category:Pueblo great houses]]
[[Category:Ruins in the United States]]
[[Category:Ruins on the National Register of Historic Places]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in the United States]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in the United States]]
[[Category:Pueblos on the National Register of Historic Places in New Mexico]]
[[Category:Pueblos on the National Register of Historic Places in New Mexico]]

Latest revision as of 00:37, 8 October 2024

Aztec Ruins National Monument
Map showing the location of Aztec Ruins National Monument
Map showing the location of Aztec Ruins National Monument
Map showing the location of Aztec Ruins National Monument
Map showing the location of Aztec Ruins National Monument
LocationSan Juan County, New Mexico, U.S.
Nearest cityAztec
Coordinates36°50′09″N 107°59′53″W / 36.8358370°N 107.9981235°W / 36.8358370; -107.9981235[1]
Area318 acres (129 ha)[2]
CreatedJanuary 24, 1923 (1923-Jan-24)
Visitors52,756 (in 2017)[3]
Governing bodyNational Park Service
WebsiteAztec Ruins National Monument
Part ofChaco Culture National Historical Park
TypeU.S. historic district
DesignatedOctober 18, 1966
Reference no.66000484[4]
DesignatedMay 21, 1971
Reference no.55

The Aztec Ruins National Monument in northwestern New Mexico, United States, consists of preserved structures constructed by the Pueblo Indians. The national monument lies on the western bank of the Animas River in Aztec, New Mexico, about 12 miles (19 km) northeast of Farmington. Additional Puebloan structures can be found in Salmon Ruins and Heritage Park, 9.5 miles (15.3 km) south. Archaeological evidence puts the construction of the ruins in the 12th and 13th centuries. The Puebloan-built ruins were dubbed the "Aztec Ruins" by 19th century American settlers who misattributed their construction to the Aztecs.[5]

The site was declared "Aztec Ruin National Monument" on January 24, 1923. "Ruin" was changed to "Ruins" after a boundary change, on July 2, 1928. As a historical property of the National Park Service, the monument was administratively listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) listed the Chaco Culture as a World Heritage Site on December 8, 1987. That listing specifically included the Aztec Ruins.[6]

The monument is on the Trail of the Ancients Scenic Byway, one of New Mexico's Scenic Byways.[7]

The property was part of a 160-acre (65 ha) homestead owned by H.D. Abrams, who supported the preservation of the ruins. The H.D. Abrams House in Aztec is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[8]

Climate

[edit]

The climate of Aztec Ruins National Monument is a typical semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk).

Climate data for Aztec Ruins National Monument (1991–2020 normals,[a] extremes 1895–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 69
(21) 		78
(26) 		86
(30) 		89
(32) 		98
(37) 		105
(41) 		106
(41) 		105
(41) 		101
(38) 		92
(33) 		77
(25) 		69
(21) 		106
(41)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 56.3
(13.5) 		62.7
(17.1) 		73.3
(22.9) 		80.7
(27.1) 		89.2
(31.8) 		96.8
(36.0) 		99.1
(37.3) 		95.8
(35.4) 		90.7
(32.6) 		81.8
(27.7) 		68.7
(20.4) 		57.2
(14.0) 		99.5
(37.5)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 46.0
(7.8) 		52.5
(11.4) 		62.8
(17.1) 		70.6
(21.4) 		79.8
(26.6) 		90.3
(32.4) 		93.9
(34.4) 		91.2
(32.9) 		84.2
(29.0) 		71.7
(22.1) 		57.7
(14.3) 		46.4
(8.0) 		70.6
(21.4)
Daily mean °F (°C) 31.6
(−0.2) 		37.0
(2.8) 		44.9
(7.2) 		51.7
(10.9) 		60.4
(15.8) 		70.0
(21.1) 		76.1
(24.5) 		74.0
(23.3) 		66.3
(19.1) 		53.7
(12.1) 		41.5
(5.3) 		32.1
(0.1) 		53.3
(11.8)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 17.1
(−8.3) 		21.5
(−5.8) 		27.0
(−2.8) 		32.7
(0.4) 		41.0
(5.0) 		49.7
(9.8) 		58.2
(14.6) 		56.9
(13.8) 		48.5
(9.2) 		35.7
(2.1) 		25.3
(−3.7) 		17.8
(−7.9) 		35.9
(2.2)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 2.8
(−16.2) 		8.1
(−13.3) 		14.1
(−9.9) 		19.9
(−6.7) 		29.7
(−1.3) 		38.2
(3.4) 		48.6
(9.2) 		49.5
(9.7) 		35.1
(1.7) 		21.6
(−5.8) 		11.7
(−11.3) 		3.2
(−16.0) 		−0.8
(−18.2)
Record low °F (°C) −26
(−32) 		−27
(−33) 		−3
(−19) 		2
(−17) 		12
(−11) 		24
(−4) 		39
(4) 		36
(2) 		22
(−6) 		6
(−14) 		−7
(−22) 		−24
(−31) 		−27
(−33)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.90
(23) 		0.75
(19) 		0.77
(20) 		0.69
(18) 		0.71
(18) 		0.28
(7.1) 		0.96
(24) 		1.32
(34) 		1.13
(29) 		0.94
(24) 		0.94
(24) 		0.67
(17) 		10.06
(256)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 4.5
(11) 		2.3
(5.8) 		0.5
(1.3) 		0.2
(0.51) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.3
(0.76) 		0.9
(2.3) 		2.2
(5.6) 		10.9
(28)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) 5.6 5.1 4.4 3.7 3.8 2.1 5.1 7.0 5.7 4.7 4.2 5.1 56.5
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 inch) 2.3 1.7 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.7 1.7 7.3
Source: NOAA[9][10]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.
[edit]
  • The restored Great Kiva at Aztec Ruins
    The restored Great Kiva at Aztec Ruins
  • NPS Map
    NPS Map
A color panorama of a large sandstone ruin
Aztec West, with reconstructed great kiva (right)

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Aztec Ruins National Monument". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved March 18, 2012.
  2. ^ "Listing of acreage – December 31, 2011" (XLSX). Land Resource Division, National Park Service. Retrieved March 18, 2012. (National Park Service Acreage Reports)
  3. ^ "NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report". National Park Service. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  4. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  5. ^ "National Park Service, Aztec Ruins, Frequently Asked Questions". Retrieved November 18, 2019.
  6. ^ "World Heritage List: Chaco Culture". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved December 31, 2017.
  7. ^ Trail of the Ancients. Archived August 21, 2014, at the Wayback Machine New Mexico Tourism Department. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  8. ^ "National Register of Historic Places". NPS.gov. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  9. ^ "Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020". National Weather Service. Archived from the original on July 15, 2023. Retrieved July 15, 2023.
  10. ^ "NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Weather Service. Retrieved July 15, 2023.
[edit]
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