Lu Haodong: Difference between revisions
m Jenks24 moved page Lu Hao-tung to Lu Haodong over redirect: per requested move discussion, see talk |
Changing short description from "Chinese revolutionary" to "Chinese revolutionary (1868–1895)" |
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{{Short description|Chinese revolutionary (1868–1895)}} |
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{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}} |
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{{ |
{{family name hatnote|[[Lu (surname 陆)|Lu]]|lang=Chinese}} |
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{{Infobox person |
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[[File:Lu_Hao-tung.jpg|right|150px|thumb|Lu Hao-tung]] |
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| name = Lu Haodong |
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| image = 陸皓東幼年照.jpg |
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| image_size = 150px |
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| alt = Oval photograph of the upper body of Lu Haodong |
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| caption = Lu Haodong in his younger days |
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| birth_name = Lu Zhonggui |
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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1868|9|30|df=y}} |
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| birth_place = [[Shanghai]], [[Qing Dynasty]] |
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1895|11|7|1868|9|30|df=y}} |
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| death_place = [[Nanhai District]], [[Foshan]], [[Guangdong]], [[Qing Dynasty]] |
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| other_names = Xianxiang {{small|([[courtesy name]])}} |
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| module = |
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{{Chinese|child=yes|t=陸皓東|s=陆皓东|p=Lù Hàodōng|w=Lu Hao-tung|altname=Lu Zhonggui {{small|(birth name)}}|t2=陸中桂|s2=陆中桂|p2=Lù Zhōngguì|w2=|altname3=Xianxiang {{small|([[courtesy name]])}}|t3=獻香|s3=献香|p3=Xiànxiāng|w3=Hsien-hsiang}}}} |
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'''Lu |
'''Lu Zhonggui''' (30 September 1868 – 7 November 1895), [[courtesy name]] '''Xianxiang''', better known by his [[art name]] '''Lu Haodong''', was a Chinese revolutionary who lived in the late [[Qing dynasty]]. He is best known for designing the [[Blue Sky with a White Sun]] flag that became the party flag and emblem of the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT; Chinese Nationalist Party), and the canton of the [[flag of the Republic of China]]. |
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==Life== |
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Born in [[Cuiheng Village]], [[Zhongshan|Xiangshan]] County, [[Guangdong]], Lu Hao-tung had been a playmate and close friend of [[Sun Yat-sen]] since they were classmates at the Lu-shi Ancestral Temple (陸氏祖祠) school. They deliberately damaged the [[statue]] of the god [[Pak Tai]], and were scorned by the villagers. Lu fled the village after this incident, and arrived at [[Shanghai]] later to study at the Shanghai Telegram School (學堂). During that time, he worked for the [[Wuhu City|Wuhu]] Telegram Office (蕪湖電報局). |
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Lu was born in [[Shanghai]] but his [[Ancestral home (Chinese)|ancestral home]] was in [[Xiangshan County, Guangdong|Xiangshan County]] (now is [[Zhongshan]]), [[Guangdong]]. He was a friend of [[Sun Yat-sen]] and was involved in activities targeted at overthrowing the Qing dynasty and establishing a republic in China. In 1895, Lu co-founded the [[Revive China Society]] in [[British Hong Kong|Hong Kong]] with [[Sun Yat-sen]]. In October 1895, they planned to stage [[Xinhai Revolution#First Guangzhou Uprising|an uprising]] in [[Guangzhou]], but the Qing government got wind of their plan. On 26 October, Lu was preparing to escape from Guangzhou, but decided to return to their base of operations in a church in present-day Beijinglu, [[Yuexiu District]] to burn a roster containing the names of the revolutionaries and other important documents. He could not escape in time and was arrested along with other revolutionaries by the Qing government. |
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Lu was taken to the [[yamen]] in Nanhai County (present-day [[Nanhai District]], [[Foshan]], [[Guangdong]]) for interrogation by the county magistrate [[Li Zhengyong]] ({{lang|zh|李徵庸}}), who was acting under instructions from [[Tan Zhonglin]] ({{lang|zh|譚鍾麟}}), the [[Viceroy of Liangguang]]. When he refused to kneel down before Li during questioning, the magistrate said, "You are a talented young man. Why did you want to get yourself in trouble that would cost you your life? I feel sorry for you that you don't value your life." Lu replied sternly, "China is a vast country and it has the highest population in the world, but it is poor and weak because the Qing government is authoritarian and incompetent in foreign policy. My comrades and I originally planned an uprising with the aim of overthrowing the Qing government and replacing it with a new republican government. I intended to kill one or two persons like you who serve the Qing government. Now that our plan has failed, I can't kill you but you can kill me. What's there to feel sorry about?" |
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He returned to the village in 1890, and met other revolutionaries. Five years later, whilst participating in the [[First Guangzhou Uprising]], he was arrested and ultimately executed by the [[Qing Empire]] when information was leaked out. |
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The American embassy in Guangzhou attempted to save Lu's life by claiming that he was a translator working at the telegraph office and was not a revolutionary. However, they could not do anything when Li Zhengyong showed them a confession written by Lu himself. Lu, Zhu Guiquan ({{lang|zh|朱貴全}}), Qiu Si ({{lang|zh|邱四}}) and other captured revolutionaries were executed on 7 November by the order of Tan Zhonglin. Sun Yat-sen called Lu "the first person in Chinese history who sacrificed his life for a democratic revolution". |
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Lu is portrayed by [[David Chiang]] in the film ''[[Once Upon a Time in China II]]'', in which he is killed by [[Manchu]] soldiers while trying to escape Guangdong with the help of [[Wong Fei Hung]]. |
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Lu is credited for designing the [[Blue Sky with a White Sun]] flag that became the party flag and emblem of the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT; Chinese Nationalist Party), and the canton of the [[flag of the Republic of China]]. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[Blue Sky with a White Sun]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
*[[History of the Republic of China]] |
* [[Kuomintang]] |
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* [[History of the Republic of China]] |
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*[[Kuomintang]] |
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==References== |
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* {{cite book|author=Jia, Yijun|title=Minguo Mingren Zhuan (Biographies of Famous People in the Republic of China)|publisher=Yuelu Publishing House|year=1993|pages=7–8|isbn=7805203652}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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{{Persondata |
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| NAME = Lu, Hao-Tung |
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| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = |
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION = |
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| DATE OF BIRTH = 1868 |
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| PLACE OF BIRTH = |
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| DATE OF DEATH = 1895 |
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| PLACE OF DEATH = |
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}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Lu, Hao-Tung}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lu, Hao-Tung}} |
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[[Category:1868 births]] |
[[Category:1868 births]] |
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[[Category:1895 deaths]] |
[[Category:1895 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Chinese revolutionaries]] |
[[Category:Chinese revolutionaries]] |
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[[Category:19th-century Calvinist and Reformed Christians]] |
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[[Category:People from Zhongshan]] |
[[Category:People from Zhongshan]] |
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[[Category:Qing dynasty Christians]] |
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[[Category:Flag designers]] |
[[Category:Flag designers]] |
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Latest revision as of 02:23, 8 October 2024
Lu Haodong | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Lu Haodong in his younger days | |||||||||
| Born | Lu Zhonggui 30 September 1868 | ||||||||
| Died | 7 November 1895 (aged 27) | ||||||||
| Other names | Xianxiang (courtesy name) | ||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 陸皓東 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 陆皓东 | ||||||||
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| Lu Zhonggui (birth name) | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 陸中桂 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 陆中桂 | ||||||||
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| Xianxiang (courtesy name) | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 獻香 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 献香 | ||||||||
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Lu Zhonggui (30 September 1868 – 7 November 1895), courtesy name Xianxiang, better known by his art name Lu Haodong, was a Chinese revolutionary who lived in the late Qing dynasty. He is best known for designing the Blue Sky with a White Sun flag that became the party flag and emblem of the Kuomintang (KMT; Chinese Nationalist Party), and the canton of the flag of the Republic of China.
Life
[edit]Lu was born in Shanghai but his ancestral home was in Xiangshan County (now is Zhongshan), Guangdong. He was a friend of Sun Yat-sen and was involved in activities targeted at overthrowing the Qing dynasty and establishing a republic in China. In 1895, Lu co-founded the Revive China Society in Hong Kong with Sun Yat-sen. In October 1895, they planned to stage an uprising in Guangzhou, but the Qing government got wind of their plan. On 26 October, Lu was preparing to escape from Guangzhou, but decided to return to their base of operations in a church in present-day Beijinglu, Yuexiu District to burn a roster containing the names of the revolutionaries and other important documents. He could not escape in time and was arrested along with other revolutionaries by the Qing government.
Lu was taken to the yamen in Nanhai County (present-day Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong) for interrogation by the county magistrate Li Zhengyong (李徵庸), who was acting under instructions from Tan Zhonglin (譚鍾麟), the Viceroy of Liangguang. When he refused to kneel down before Li during questioning, the magistrate said, "You are a talented young man. Why did you want to get yourself in trouble that would cost you your life? I feel sorry for you that you don't value your life." Lu replied sternly, "China is a vast country and it has the highest population in the world, but it is poor and weak because the Qing government is authoritarian and incompetent in foreign policy. My comrades and I originally planned an uprising with the aim of overthrowing the Qing government and replacing it with a new republican government. I intended to kill one or two persons like you who serve the Qing government. Now that our plan has failed, I can't kill you but you can kill me. What's there to feel sorry about?"
The American embassy in Guangzhou attempted to save Lu's life by claiming that he was a translator working at the telegraph office and was not a revolutionary. However, they could not do anything when Li Zhengyong showed them a confession written by Lu himself. Lu, Zhu Guiquan (朱貴全), Qiu Si (邱四) and other captured revolutionaries were executed on 7 November by the order of Tan Zhonglin. Sun Yat-sen called Lu "the first person in Chinese history who sacrificed his life for a democratic revolution".
Lu is credited for designing the Blue Sky with a White Sun flag that became the party flag and emblem of the Kuomintang (KMT; Chinese Nationalist Party), and the canton of the flag of the Republic of China.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
- Jia, Yijun (1993). Minguo Mingren Zhuan (Biographies of Famous People in the Republic of China). Yuelu Publishing House. pp. 7–8. ISBN 7805203652.
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