North Palawan Block: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Microcontinental block in the western Philippines and the southern tip of the Manila Trench}} |
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[[File:Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park geologic marker.jpg|thumb|300px|Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park marker describing the geologic history of Palawan]] |
[[File:Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park geologic marker.jpg|thumb|300px|Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park marker describing the geologic history of Palawan]] |
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'''North Palawan Block''' is a [[Microcontinent|microcontinental block]] situated in the western [[Philippines]] and the southern tip of the [[Manila Trench]]. The North Palawan block is considered to form the northeastern portion of a much larger area of block faulted and foundered pre-Tertiary continental material which extends throughout the southern part of the [[Tectonics of the South China Sea|South China Sea Basin]] and includes the [[Spratly Islands]] and the [[Dangerous Ground (South China Sea)|Dangerous Grounds]] area off [[Borneo]] (Hamilton, 1979). The evidence for the continental composition of the crust of this area is substantial and has been reviewed by Hamilton (1979) and Taylor & Hayes (1980) among others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gsm.org.my/products/702001-101199-PDF.pdf |title=Abstract |last=Holloway |first=N |date=December 1981 |website=www.gsm.org.my |format=PDF}}</ref> |
'''North Palawan Block''' is a [[Microcontinent|microcontinental block]] situated in the western [[Philippines]] and the southern tip of the [[Manila Trench]]. The North Palawan block is considered to form the northeastern portion of a much larger area of block faulted and foundered pre-[[Tertiary]] continental material which extends throughout the southern part of the [[Tectonics of the South China Sea|South China Sea Basin]] and includes the [[Spratly Islands]] and the [[Dangerous Ground (South China Sea)|Dangerous Grounds]] area off [[Borneo]] (Hamilton, 1979). The evidence for the continental composition of the crust of this area is substantial and has been reviewed by Hamilton (1979) and Taylor & Hayes (1980) among others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gsm.org.my/products/702001-101199-PDF.pdf |title=Abstract |last=Holloway |first=N |date=December 1981 |website=www.gsm.org.my |format=PDF}}</ref> |
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== Geology == |
== Geology == |
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The geology of the North Palawan Block includes [[terrane]] found on four islands: [[Palawan|North Palawan]], [[Romblon Island|Romblon Island Group]], [[Mindoro|Northeast Mindoro]] and [[Buruanga, Aklan|Buruanga Peninsula]]. The [[stratigraphy]] found on Northern Palawan starts with the [[Middle Permian]] to [[Late Permian]] Bacuit [[formation (geology)|Formation]], a sequence of [[sandstone]], altered [[tuff]], [[calcareous]] sandstone, [[chert]], and [[slate]]. It forms the base of the [[Malampaya Sound]] [[Group (geology)|Group]]. Overlying is the Minilog [[Limestone]], Liminangkong Formation, [[Late Triassic]] to [[Late Jurassic]] Coron Formation, which usually forms towering pinnacles, the Guinlo Formation, Paly [[Serpentinite]], Caramay [[Schist]], Conception [[Phyllite]], Boayan Formation, Maytiguid Limestone, [[Late Oligocene]]-[[Early Miocene]] St. Paul Limestone, famous for the [[Underground River]], the Kapoas [[Granite]], Piedras [[Andesite]], and then the [[Pliocene]]-[[Pleistocene]] Manguao [[Basalt]].<ref name="rp">{{cite book |last1=Pena |first1=Rolando |title=Lexicon of Philippine Stratigraphy 2008 |date=2008 |publisher=The Geological Society of the Philippines, Inc. |location=Mandaluyong City |isbn=9789719423119 |pages=26–27,99,201–202,288–289,365}}</ref> |
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The geology of the North Palawan Block has four divisions: [[Palawan|North Palawan]], [[Romblon Island|Romblon Island Group]], [[Mindoro|Northeast Mindoro]] and [[Buruanga, Aklan|Buruanga Peninsula]]. North Palawan Block has oldest rocks dated [[Permian Period|Permian period]]. |
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The Romblon Island Group stratigraphic column starts with the [[Paleozoic]] Romblon Metamorphic [[Basement complex|Complex]], overlain by the Carabao Sandstone, Pacul Limestone, Sibuyan [[Ophiolite|Ophiolitic Complex]], Tablas [[Volcanic complex|Volcanic Complex]], Calatrava [[Quartz diorite|Quartz Diorite]], Bailan Limestone, Binoog Formation, Anahao Formation, Banton Volcanic Complex, and the [[Late Pliocene]] Peliw Formation.<ref name=rp/>{{rp|266–267,251–252}} |
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=== Stratigraphic formations of each divisions === |
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The Southwest Mindoro stratigraphic column starts with the [[Middle Jurassic]]-[[Early Jurassic]] Mansalay Formation, followed by the Agbahang Conglomerate, Caguray Formation, Bugtong Formation, Napisian Formation and Tangon Formation, Pocanil Formation, Punso Conglomerate, Famnoan Formation, Balanga Formation, and the [[Pleistocene]] Oreng Formation.<ref name=rp/>{{rp|204,231–232}} |
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==== North Palawan (Middle Permian – Late [[Pleistocene]]) ==== |
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The Buruanga Peninsula stratigraphic column starts with the Late Paleozoic Buruanga Metamorphic Complex, Patria Quartz Diorite, Fragante Formation, and the Pliocene-Pleistocene Libertad Formation.<ref name=rp/>{{rp|65–66,167}} |
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* Bacuit [[Geological formation|Formation]] |
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* Minilog [[Limestone]] |
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* Liminangkong Formation |
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* Coron Formation |
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* Guinlo Formation |
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* Paly [[Serpentinite]] |
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* Caramay [[Schist]] |
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* Conception [[Phyllite]] |
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* Boayan Formation |
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* Maytiguid Limestone |
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* St. Paul Limestone |
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* Kapoas [[Granite]] |
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* Piedras [[Andesite]] |
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* Manguao [[Basalt]] |
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==== Romblon Island Group (Early Permian – Late [[Pliocene]]) ==== |
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* Romblon Metamorphic [[Basement complex|Complex]] |
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* Carabao [[Sandstone]] |
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* Pacul Limestone |
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* Sibuyan [[Ophiolite|Ophiolitic Complex]] |
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* Tablas [[Volcanic complex|Volcanic Complex]] |
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* Calatrava [[Quartz diorite|Quartz Diorite]] |
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* Bailan Limestone |
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* Binoog Formation |
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* Anahao Formation |
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* Banton Volcanic Complex |
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* Peliw Formation |
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==== Northeast Mindoro (Early [[Jurassic]] – Late Pleistocene) ==== |
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* Halcon Metamorphic Complex |
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* Abra de Ilog Formation |
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* Lasala Formation |
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* Pagbahan [[Granodiorite]] |
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* Amnay Ophiolite |
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* Lumintao Basalt |
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* San Teodoro Volcanic Complex |
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* Dumali Volcanic Complex |
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==== Buruanga Peninsula (Late Jurassic – Late Pleistocene) ==== |
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* Buruanga Metamorphic Complex |
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* Patria Quartz Diorite |
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* Fragante Formation |
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* Libertad Formation |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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Latest revision as of 19:07, 8 October 2024
North Palawan Block is a microcontinental block situated in the western Philippines and the southern tip of the Manila Trench. The North Palawan block is considered to form the northeastern portion of a much larger area of block faulted and foundered pre-Tertiary continental material which extends throughout the southern part of the South China Sea Basin and includes the Spratly Islands and the Dangerous Grounds area off Borneo (Hamilton, 1979). The evidence for the continental composition of the crust of this area is substantial and has been reviewed by Hamilton (1979) and Taylor & Hayes (1980) among others.[1]
Geology
[edit]The geology of the North Palawan Block includes terrane found on four islands: North Palawan, Romblon Island Group, Northeast Mindoro and Buruanga Peninsula. The stratigraphy found on Northern Palawan starts with the Middle Permian to Late Permian Bacuit Formation, a sequence of sandstone, altered tuff, calcareous sandstone, chert, and slate. It forms the base of the Malampaya Sound Group. Overlying is the Minilog Limestone, Liminangkong Formation, Late Triassic to Late Jurassic Coron Formation, which usually forms towering pinnacles, the Guinlo Formation, Paly Serpentinite, Caramay Schist, Conception Phyllite, Boayan Formation, Maytiguid Limestone, Late Oligocene-Early Miocene St. Paul Limestone, famous for the Underground River, the Kapoas Granite, Piedras Andesite, and then the Pliocene-Pleistocene Manguao Basalt.[2]
The Romblon Island Group stratigraphic column starts with the Paleozoic Romblon Metamorphic Complex, overlain by the Carabao Sandstone, Pacul Limestone, Sibuyan Ophiolitic Complex, Tablas Volcanic Complex, Calatrava Quartz Diorite, Bailan Limestone, Binoog Formation, Anahao Formation, Banton Volcanic Complex, and the Late Pliocene Peliw Formation.[2]: 266–267, 251–252
The Southwest Mindoro stratigraphic column starts with the Middle Jurassic-Early Jurassic Mansalay Formation, followed by the Agbahang Conglomerate, Caguray Formation, Bugtong Formation, Napisian Formation and Tangon Formation, Pocanil Formation, Punso Conglomerate, Famnoan Formation, Balanga Formation, and the Pleistocene Oreng Formation.[2]: 204, 231–232
The Buruanga Peninsula stratigraphic column starts with the Late Paleozoic Buruanga Metamorphic Complex, Patria Quartz Diorite, Fragante Formation, and the Pliocene-Pleistocene Libertad Formation.[2]: 65–66, 167
See also
[edit]- Philippine Mobile Belt – Tectonic boundary
- List of stratigraphic formations in the Philippines
References
[edit]- ^ Holloway, N (December 1981). "Abstract" (PDF). www.gsm.org.my.
- ^ a b c d Pena, Rolando (2008). Lexicon of Philippine Stratigraphy 2008. Mandaluyong City: The Geological Society of the Philippines, Inc. pp. 26–27, 99, 201–202, 288–289, 365. ISBN 9789719423119.