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'''Portoviejo''' ({{IPA-es|poɾtoˈβjexo}}), also known as '''San Gregorio de Portoviejo''', is a city in [[Ecuador]], and the capital of the [[Provinces of Ecuador|Province]] of [[Manabí Province|Manabí]] {{convert|30|km|abbr=on}} from the [[Pacific]] coast. It is still known as the city of the "Royal [[Tamarind]] Trees" due to former Tamarind plantains in the area.
'''Portoviejo''' ({{IPA|es|poɾtoˈβjexo}}), also known as '''San Gregorio de Portoviejo''', is a city in [[Ecuador]], and the capital of the [[Provinces of Ecuador|Province]] of [[Manabí Province|Manabí]] {{convert|30|km|abbr=on}} from the [[Pacific]] coast. It is still known as the city of the "Royal [[Tamarind]] Trees" due to former Tamarind plantations in the area.


It serves as the main political and economical centre of the [[Portoviejo River]] valley, which also includes the cantons of [[Santa Ana Canton, Ecuador|Santa Ana]] and [[Rocafuerte Canton|Rocafuerte]], where about {{convert|110|km2|sqmi|abbr=in}} are cultivated every year.
It serves as the main political and economical centre of the [[Portoviejo River]] valley, which also includes the cantons of [[Santa Ana Canton, Ecuador|Santa Ana]] and [[Rocafuerte Canton|Rocafuerte]], where about {{convert|110|km2|sqmi|abbr=in}} are cultivated every year.
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==Points of Interest==
==Points of Interest==
The many parks within the city include Mamey Ecological Park which includes a large animal reserve,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portoviejo: The Queen City of Ecuador and its Cultural and Natural Wealth |url=https://www.journeygourmet.com/continentes/America_Sur/Ecuador/Portoviejo/Portoviejo/index_ENG.html |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=www.journeygourmet.com}}</ref> The Forest Park located in the north of the city,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=23 September 2024 |title=Nature & Parks in Portoviejo |url=https://www.tripadvisor.com/Attractions-g2369527-Activities-c57-Portoviejo_Manabi_Province.html |access-date=23 September 2024 |website=Tripadvisor |language=English}}</ref> and Central Park Vicente Amador Flor.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2024 |title=Parque Central Vicente Amador Flor |url=https://www.tripadvisor.de/Attraction_Review-g2369527-d9975469-Reviews-Parque_Central_Vicente_Amador_Flor-Portoviejo_Manabi_Province.html |access-date=23 September 2024 |website=Tripadvisor}}</ref>
{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2023}}
The many parks within the city include Mamey Ecological Park which includes a large animal reserve, The Forest Park located in the north of the city, and Central Park Vicente Amador Flor.


The [[Jardín botánico de Portoviejo]], a preserved area, botanical garden, arboretum, orchid garden, palmetum and rescue area in the northeast of the city serves as a place for leisure, as well as biological and agricultural studies within the Manabí region. It consists of a combined total area of 50 hectars, owned by the Technical University of Manabí, located in Portoviejo.
The [[Jardín botánico de Portoviejo]], a preserved area, botanical garden, arboretum, orchid garden, palmetum and rescue area in the northeast of the city serves as a place for leisure, as well as biological and agricultural studies within the Manabí region. It consists of a combined total area of 50 hectars, owned by the Technical University of Manabí, located in Portoviejo.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Info Jardín Botánico de Portoviejo {{!}} Portoviejo - Manabí, Ecuador |url=https://ec.viajandox.com/portoviejo/jardin-botanico-de-portoviejo-A456 |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=ec.viajandox.com |language=es}}</ref>


The Parque Arqueológico Cerro Jaboncillo, an archeological site and museum is located outside of the city.
The Parque Arqueológico Cerro Jaboncillo, an archeological site and museum is located outside of the city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cerro de Hojas Jaboncillo – Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural |url=https://www.patrimoniocultural.gob.ec/cerro-de-hojas-jaboncillo/ |access-date=2024-09-23 |language=es}}</ref>


Situated near the city center on the Av. Universitaria y Olmedot and Alajuela Street is the [[Catedral Metropolitana de Portoviejo|Metropolitan Cathedral of Jesus the Good Shepherd]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Info Catedral Metropolitana de Portoviejo {{!}} Portoviejo -Manabí, Ecuador |url=https://ec.viajandox.com/portoviejo/catedral-metropolitana-de-portoviejo-A382 |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=ec.viajandox.com |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-27 |title=Portoviejo Ecuador, Catedral Jesús del Buen Pastor |url=https://www.ecostravel.com/ecuador/ciudades-destinos/iglesia-catedral-portoviejo.php |access-date=2024-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127020501/https://www.ecostravel.com/ecuador/ciudades-destinos/iglesia-catedral-portoviejo.php |archive-date=2022-01-27 }}</ref>
Situated near the city center is the [[Catedral Metropolitana de Portoviejo|Metropolitan Cathedral of Jesus the Good Shepherd]].


A nearby village, [[Sosote]], is known for its [[Phytelephas|tagua]] workshops, a traditional Ecuadorian handicraft.
A nearby village, [[Sosote]], is known for its [[Phytelephas|tagua]] workshops, a traditional Ecuadorian handicraft.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sophie2714 |date=2012-08-17 |title=Introducing - 'The Lads' |url=https://www.justtrade.co.uk/post/2012/08/17/introducing-the-lads-1?srsltid=AfmBOoo1odbMvx0C2nVnL2PzB7GEujNrVvogoz1yZLuRWZ7Pmp3XWf6a |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=justtradeuk |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=What is Tagua? |url=https://treatsdesigns.com/pages/what-is-tagua |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=Treats Designs |language=en}}</ref>


== Education ==
== Education ==
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==Geography==
==Geography==
===Climate===
===Climate===
Portoviejo has a [[semi-arid climate#Hot semi-arid climates|hot semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''BSh'') with consistently very warm to hot conditions all year round. The advance and retreat of the cold [[Humboldt Current]] means there are two seasons: a lengthy [[dry season]] from May to December and a short [[wet season]] from January to April. The wet season is quite erratic owing to the [[El Niño Southern Oscillation]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Dewar|first1=Robert E|last2=Wallis|first2=James R|title=Geographical patterning of interannual rainfall variability in the tropics and near tropics: An L-moments approach|journal=[[Journal of Climate]]|volume=12|issue=12|pages=3457–3466|bibcode=1999JCli...12.3457D|year=1999|doi=10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<3457:GPOIRV>2.0.CO;2|s2cid=55652367 }}</ref> in [[El Niño]] years rainfall may be several times the long-term mean.
Portoviejo has a [[semi-arid climate#Hot semi-arid climates|hot semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''BSh'') with consistently very warm to hot conditions all year round. The advance and retreat of the cold [[Humboldt Current]] means there are two seasons: a lengthy [[dry season]] from May to December and a short [[wet season]] from January to April. The wet season is quite erratic owing to the [[El Niño Southern Oscillation]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Dewar|first1=Robert E|last2=Wallis|first2=James R|title=Geographical patterning of interannual rainfall variability in the tropics and near tropics: An L-moments approach|journal=[[Journal of Climate]]|volume=12|issue=12|pages=3457–3466|bibcode=1999JCli...12.3457D|year=1999|doi=10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<3457:GPOIRV>2.0.CO;2|s2cid=55652367 |doi-access=free}}</ref> in [[El Niño]] years rainfall may be several times the long-term mean.

{{Weather box
{{Weather box|width=auto
|location = Portoviejo, Ecuador
⚫
|metric first=y
|single line = y
|single line=y
⚫
|metric first = y
|collapsed = Y
|temperature colour =
|location = Portoviejo, elevation {{convert|44|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1971–2000)
|Jan mean C = 25.9
|Feb mean C = 26.0
|Jan high C = 30.9
|Mar mean C = 28.7
|Feb high C = 31.0
|Apr mean C = 26.2
|Mar high C = 31.6
|May mean C = 25.6
|Apr high C = 31.9
|Jun mean C = 24.7
|May high C = 31.1
|Jul mean C = 24.1
|Jun high C = 29.7
|Aug mean C = 24.0
|Jul high C = 29.6
|Sep mean C = 24.1
|Aug high C = 30.2
|Oct mean C = 24.4
|Sep high C = 30.6
|Nov mean C = 24.6
|Oct high C = 30.4
|Dec mean C = 25.4
|Nov high C = 30.6
|rain colour = green
|Dec high C = 31.2
|Jan rain mm = 89.9
| year high C =
|Feb rain mm = 114.7
|Jan low C = 22.0
|Mar rain mm = 107.1
|Feb low C = 22.2
|Apr rain mm = 59.6
|Mar low C = 22.3
|May rain mm = 26.1
|Apr low C = 22.3
|Jun rain mm = 20.3
|May low C = 21.6
|Jul rain mm = 10.4
|Jun low C = 20.9
|Aug rain mm = 2.1
|Jul low C = 20.3
|Sep rain mm = 4.0
|Aug low C = 19.8
|Oct rain mm = 2.7
|Sep low C = 20.2
|Nov rain mm = 4.6
|Oct low C = 20.5
|Dec rain mm = 15.9
|Nov low C = 20.4
|Jan rain days = 10
|Dec low C = 21.2
|Feb rain days = 12
| year low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Mar rain days = 12
|Jan precipitation mm = 92.0
|Apr rain days = 8
|Feb precipitation mm = 117.0
|May rain days = 3
|Mar precipitation mm = 111.0
|Jun rain days = 2
|Apr precipitation mm = 60.0
|Jul rain days = 1
|May precipitation mm = 32.0
|Aug rain days = 1
|Jun precipitation mm = 22.0
|Sep rain days = 1
|Oct rain days = 1
|Jul precipitation mm = 3.0
|Nov rain days = 1
|Aug precipitation mm = 2.0
|Dec rain days = 2
|Sep precipitation mm = 5.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 3.0
|unit rain days = 1 mm
|Nov precipitation mm = 4.0
|source = HKO [Hong Kong Observatory] (1961&ndash;1990) <ref>{{cite web
|Dec precipitation mm = 16.0
|title = Climate Statistics for Portoviejo, Ecuador
|year precipitation mm =
}}</ref>
| Jan humidity = 78
| Feb humidity = 79
| Mar humidity = 80
| Apr humidity = 80
| May humidity = 79
| Jun humidity = 80
| Jul humidity = 80
| Aug humidity = 78
| Sep humidity = 77
| Oct humidity = 74
| Nov humidity = 75
| Dec humidity = 73
| year humidity =
| source 1 = FAO<ref name=FAO>{{cite web
| url = https://www.fao.org/land-water/databases-and-software/climwat-for-cropwat/en/
| title = CLIMWAT climatic database
| publisher= Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations
| access-date = 20 June 2024}}</ref>
}}
}}


== Notable people ==
== Notable people ==
[[Vicente Amador Flor]] (July 19, 1903 - December 3, 1975), a poet known for writing poems about the city.
* [[Vicente Amador Flor]] (July 19, 1903 – December 3, 1975), a poet known for writing poems about the city.
⚫
* [[Nathalie Cely]] (born 28 December 1965), the former Minister of Production of Ecuador and former Ecuadorian Ambassador to the [[United States]].

* [[Valentina Centeno]], Ecuadorian politician
⚫
[[Nathalie Cely]] (28 December 1965- ), the former Minister of Production of Ecuador and former Ecuadorian Ambassador to the [[United States]].
⚫
* [[Lucila Santos Trujillo]] (1925/1928 – 4 May 2020), former [[First Ladies and Gentlemen of Ecuador|first lady of Ecuador]].


⚫
[[Lucila Santos Trujillo]] (1925/1928 – 4 May 2020), former [[First Ladies and Gentlemen of Ecuador|first lady of Ecuador]].
== Twin cities ==
== Twin cities ==


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[[Category:Provincial capitals in Ecuador]]
[[Category:Provincial capitals in Ecuador]]
[[Category:1535 establishments in the Spanish Empire]]
[[Category:1535 establishments in the Spanish Empire]]
[[Category:People from Portoviejo Canton]]

Latest revision as of 17:31, 9 October 2024

Portoviejo
City
San Gregorio de Portoviejo
From top, left to right: Vicente Amador Flor Central Park, Metropolitan Cathedral of Jesus the Good Shepherd, Eloy Alfaro monument, Olmedo street, Manabi Agriculture monument, Portoviejo Botanical Garden and Manabi Technical University.
From top, left to right: Vicente Amador Flor Central Park, Metropolitan Cathedral of Jesus the Good Shepherd, Eloy Alfaro monument, Olmedo street, Manabi Agriculture monument, Portoviejo Botanical Garden and Manabi Technical University.
Flag of Portoviejo
Flag
Official seal of Portoviejo
Seal
Motto(s): 
Spanish:Portoviejo se Levanta Querer es Poder (English:Portoviejo rises, When there's a will there's a way)
Portoviejo is located in Ecuador
Portoviejo
Portoviejo
Coordinates: 1°3′22″S 80°27′19″W / 1.05611°S 80.45528°W / -1.05611; -80.45528
Country Ecuador
ProvinceManabí
CantonPortoviejo
FoundedMarch 12, 1535
Founded byFrancisco Pacheco
Urban parishes
List of parishes
  • 12 de Marzo
  • 18 de Octubre
  • Andrés de Vera
  • Colón
  • Francisco Pacheco
  • Picoazá
  • Portoviejo
  • San Pablo
  • Simón Bolívar
Government
 • MayorJavier Pincay
 • Vice MayorMariela Coral
Area
 • City
67.94 km2 (26.23 sq mi)
Elevation
53 m (174 ft)
Population
 (2022 census)[1]
 • City
244,129
 • Density3,600/km2 (9,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−5 (ECT)
Postal code
EC130105
Area code593 5
ISO 3166 codeEC-M
ClimateBSh
Websitewww.portoviejo.gob.ec

Portoviejo (Spanish pronunciation: [poɾtoˈβjexo]), also known as San Gregorio de Portoviejo, is a city in Ecuador, and the capital of the Province of Manabí 30 km (19 mi) from the Pacific coast. It is still known as the city of the "Royal Tamarind Trees" due to former Tamarind plantations in the area.

It serves as the main political and economical centre of the Portoviejo River valley, which also includes the cantons of Santa Ana and Rocafuerte, where about 110 km2 (42 square miles) are cultivated every year.

The city, which was affected by economic crisis in the eighties and nineties, is now recovering but severe budget limitations and a huge unemployment rate present difficulties for local authorities.[2]

Founded on March 12, 1535, it is one of the oldest cities in Ecuador and is the eighth largest of the country.

Portoviejo is important for the cultivation of coffee, cattle and fishing and has a thriving agricultural-processing industry, with good road connections to Quito and Guayaquil.

History

[edit]

Founded March 12, 1535, near the coast, by the Spanish captain Francisco Pacheco as "Villa Nueva de San Gregorio de Portoviejo", it was moved inland to its present site in 1628 due to Indian attacks.

On April 16 and 17, 2016, a large earthquake with a moment magnitude of 7.8 struck the region. Portoviejo sustained over 300 fatalities and building damage.[3]

Gastronomy

[edit]

The city has a rich agricultural and maritime industry, employing over 50% of the population, as well as a flourishing gastronomic sector. The gastronomic sector is now regarded as the main post-disaster, referring to the 2016 earthquake, cultural industry, providing employment opportunities and reducing poverty for local inhabitants.[4]

In 2018, Portoviejo's gastronomy was declared as intangible heritage of Ecuador, a certificate granted by the Ministry of Culture and Cultural Heritage on October 18, 2018, to commemorate the 198 years of independence of Portoviejo.[5]

In October 2019, the flavor of the Manabi capital was recognized as part of the Creative Cities Network, by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Portoviejo received this recognition when World Cities Day was commemorated, as reported by the Municipal Autonomous Decentralized Government of Portoviejo. The inhabitants of Manabi recover their culture, through gastronomy and the conservation of ancestral recipes; points considered to be part of the Creative Cities, in the Gastronomy category. Portoviejo is the first city in Ecuador to obtain this recognition.[4]

Among the main ingredients used in portovejense food are peanuts, bananas, cheese, corn, and yucca.

A typical meal might consist of Biche de Pescado, Shrimp, Corviche, Bolón de verde, Encebollado, Cebiche de Pollo, Aguado de gallina, or Cangrejada among others.

Points of Interest

[edit]

The many parks within the city include Mamey Ecological Park which includes a large animal reserve,[6] The Forest Park located in the north of the city,[7] and Central Park Vicente Amador Flor.[8]

The Jardín botánico de Portoviejo, a preserved area, botanical garden, arboretum, orchid garden, palmetum and rescue area in the northeast of the city serves as a place for leisure, as well as biological and agricultural studies within the Manabí region. It consists of a combined total area of 50 hectars, owned by the Technical University of Manabí, located in Portoviejo.[7][9]

The Parque Arqueológico Cerro Jaboncillo, an archeological site and museum is located outside of the city.[10]

Situated near the city center on the Av. Universitaria y Olmedot and Alajuela Street is the Metropolitan Cathedral of Jesus the Good Shepherd.[11][12]

A nearby village, Sosote, is known for its tagua workshops, a traditional Ecuadorian handicraft.[13][14]

Education

[edit]

The Technical University of Manabí (UTM) located in Portoviejo, was founded in 1952, having an estimated acceptance rate of 72%. It is locally known as Universidad Técnica de Manabí.[15]

The Private University of San Gregorio Portoviejo is the second university of the city, founded in the year 2000 with an estimated acceptance rate of 51%.[16]

Transportation

[edit]

The city is located on the E30 road connecting from Manta, Manabí to the capital of the Cotopaxi Province, Latacunga, as well as the 39A.

In 2014, Portoviejo served a bus system of 129 buses on 12 routes throughout the entire city.[17]

The local airport was closed by order of president Rafael Correa in 2011.[18] Currently it is only used for the city's police helicopter operations, as well as for artistic events and trade fairs at Christmas time. In 2016, the airport served as a shelter for those affected by the April 16 earthquake. The nearest currently operating airport, Eloy Alfaro International Airport is instead located in the city of Manta 26 kilometres (16 mi) to the west.

Geography

[edit]

Climate

[edit]

Portoviejo has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh) with consistently very warm to hot conditions all year round. The advance and retreat of the cold Humboldt Current means there are two seasons: a lengthy dry season from May to December and a short wet season from January to April. The wet season is quite erratic owing to the El Niño Southern Oscillation.[19] in El Niño years rainfall may be several times the long-term mean.

Climate data for Portoviejo, elevation 44 m (144 ft), (1971–2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 30.9
(87.6) 		31.0
(87.8) 		31.6
(88.9) 		31.9
(89.4) 		31.1
(88.0) 		29.7
(85.5) 		29.6
(85.3) 		30.2
(86.4) 		30.6
(87.1) 		30.4
(86.7) 		30.6
(87.1) 		31.2
(88.2) 		30.7
(87.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 22.0
(71.6) 		22.2
(72.0) 		22.3
(72.1) 		22.3
(72.1) 		21.6
(70.9) 		20.9
(69.6) 		20.3
(68.5) 		19.8
(67.6) 		20.2
(68.4) 		20.5
(68.9) 		20.4
(68.7) 		21.2
(70.2) 		21.1
(70.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 92.0
(3.62) 		117.0
(4.61) 		111.0
(4.37) 		60.0
(2.36) 		32.0
(1.26) 		22.0
(0.87) 		3.0
(0.12) 		2.0
(0.08) 		5.0
(0.20) 		3.0
(0.12) 		4.0
(0.16) 		16.0
(0.63) 		467
(18.4)
Average relative humidity (%) 78 79 80 80 79 80 80 78 77 74 75 73 78
Source: FAO[20]

Notable people

[edit]

Twin cities

[edit]
[edit]
  • The Catedral Metropolitana de Portoviejo.
    The Catedral Metropolitana de Portoviejo.
  • Green Iguana in the Botanical Garden at Portoviejo.
    Green Iguana in the Botanical Garden at Portoviejo.
  • Tagua, Ecuadorian handicraft
    Tagua, Ecuadorian handicraft.
  • Aerial view of Portoviejo.
    Aerial view of Portoviejo.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Citypopulation.de Population and area of Portoviejo
  2. ^ "Portoviejo guide, travel destinations & best time to visit | Ecuador". Ecuador.com. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  3. ^ Ayala, Maggie; Casey, Nicholas (April 17, 2016). "Ecuador Earthquake Kills Hundreds in Huge Wave of Collapses". New York Times. Retrieved April 17, 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Portoviejo | Creative Cities Network". en.unesco.org. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  5. ^ Sandoval, Carla (22 October 2018). "Cocina tradicional manabita declarada Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial". El Comercio (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  6. ^ "Portoviejo: The Queen City of Ecuador and its Cultural and Natural Wealth". www.journeygourmet.com. Retrieved 2024-09-23.
  7. ^ a b "Nature & Parks in Portoviejo". Tripadvisor. 23 September 2024. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
  8. ^ "Parque Central Vicente Amador Flor". Tripadvisor. 23 September 2024. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
  9. ^ "Info Jardín Botánico de Portoviejo | Portoviejo - Manabí, Ecuador". ec.viajandox.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-09-23.
  10. ^ "Cerro de Hojas Jaboncillo – Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-09-23.
  11. ^ "Info Catedral Metropolitana de Portoviejo | Portoviejo -Manabí, Ecuador". ec.viajandox.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-09-23.
  12. ^ "Portoviejo Ecuador, Catedral Jesús del Buen Pastor". 2022-01-27. Archived from the original on 2022-01-27. Retrieved 2024-09-23.
  13. ^ sophie2714 (2012-08-17). "Introducing - 'The Lads'". justtradeuk. Retrieved 2024-09-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ "What is Tagua?". Treats Designs. Retrieved 2024-09-23.
  15. ^ "Technical University of Manabi [Ranking + Acceptance Rate]". EduRank.org - Discover university rankings by location. 2019-11-21. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  16. ^ "Private University of San Gregorio Portoviejo [Ranking + Acceptance Rate]". EduRank.org - Discover university rankings by location. 2019-11-21. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  17. ^ "Un sistema de buses y rutas poco claro". El Diario, EDIASA S.A. (in Spanish). 21 February 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  18. ^ "Tras 80 años de operatividad se cierra aeropuerto". El Universo (in Spanish). 2011-12-10. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  19. ^ Dewar, Robert E; Wallis, James R (1999). "Geographical patterning of interannual rainfall variability in the tropics and near tropics: An L-moments approach". Journal of Climate. 12 (12): 3457–3466. Bibcode:1999JCli...12.3457D. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<3457:GPOIRV>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 55652367.
  20. ^ "CLIMWAT climatic database". Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
[edit]

Media related to Portoviejo at Wikimedia Commons

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