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{{short description|Italian banker and art collector}}
{{For|the Dominican friar|Vincenzo Giustiniani (Dominican)}}
{{other people}}
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[[image:Giustiniani marchese.jpg|thumb|upright|Vincenzo Giustiniani in a portrait by [[Nicolas Régnier]] (c. 1630)]]
{{Infobox person
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'''Marchese Vincenzo Giustiniani''' (13 September 1564 – 27 December 1637) was an aristocratic Italian banker, art collector and intellectual of the late 16th and early 17th centuries, known today largely for the Giustiniani art collection, assembled at Palazzo Giustiniani, close by the Pantheon, Rome, and at the family palazzo at [[Bassano Romano|Bassano]] by Vincenzo and his brother, [[Benedetto Giustiniani|Cardinal Benedetto]],<ref>Silvia Danesi Squarzina, "The Collections of Cardinal Benedetto Giustiniani": Part I, ''The Burlington Magazine'' (November 1997) and Part II, ''The Burlington Magazine'' '''140''' (February 1998:102-118), documented by three inventories, of 1600, 1621 and 1638; see [http://w3.uniroma1.it/cattedra_danesi_squarzina/En/Statica.asp?CodiceFunzione=I the virtual Giustiniani Collection].</ref> and for his patronage of the artist [[Caravaggio]].
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| name = Vincenzo Giustiniani
| image = Giustiniani marchese.jpg
| alt =
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| caption = Vincenzo Giustiniani in a portrait by [[Nicolas Régnier]], {{Circa|1630}}
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
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| birth_date = 13 September 1564
| birth_place = [[Chios]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1637|12|27|1564|09|13|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Rome]]
| nationality =
| other_names =
| occupation = banker, art collector
| years_active = 1586 - 1637
| known_for = art collection
| notable_works =
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}}
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'''Vincenzo Giustiniani''' (13 September 1564 – 27 December 1637) was an aristocratic Italian banker, art collector and intellectual of the late 16th and early 17th centuries, known today largely for the Giustiniani art collection, assembled at the [[Palazzo Giustiniani, Rome|Palazzo Giustiniani]], near the [[Pantheon, Rome|Pantheon]], in Rome, and at the family palazzo at [[Bassano Romano|Bassano]] by Vincenzo and his brother, [[Benedetto Giustiniani|Cardinal Benedetto]],<ref>Silvia Danesi Squarzina, "The Collections of Cardinal Benedetto Giustiniani": Part I, ''The Burlington Magazine'' (November 1997) and Part II, ''The Burlington Magazine'' '''140''' (February 1998:102-118), documented by three inventories, of 1600, 1621 and 1638; see [http://w3.uniroma1.it/cattedra_danesi_squarzina/En/Statica.asp?CodiceFunzione=I the virtual Giustiniani Collection] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717051250/http://w3.uniroma1.it/cattedra_danesi_squarzina/EN/Statica.asp?CodiceFunzione=I |date=2012-07-17 }}.</ref> and for his patronage of the artist [[Caravaggio]].


==Biography==
==Biography==
Vincenzo's father, Giuseppe Giustiniani, had been the last [[Genoa|Genoese]] ruler of the Aegean island of [[Chios]], which had been a family possession for centuries. In 1566 the island was lost to the Ottomans, and Vincenzo and his elder brother Benedetto were taken by their father to Rome, where an uncle was already a cardinal. Giuseppe Giustiniani became a banker, and by his death in 1600 was financier to the Vatican and one of the richest men in Rome.
Vincenzo's father, Giuseppe Giustiniani, had been the last [[Genoa|Genoese]] ruler of the Aegean island of [[Chios]], which had been a family possession for centuries. In 1566 the island was lost to the Ottomans. On April 14, 1566 an Ottoman fleet under [[Piali Pasha]] arrive at the port of [[Chios (town)|Chios]] and occupied it. The island was pillaged; churches destroyed or converted to mosques. Some members of the family were taken captive and transported to Constantinople. About twenty younger Giustinianis were drafted as [[Janissary|janissaries]]. Three accepted their fate; the other eighteen were killed on September 6, 1566. [[The Massacre of the Innocents (Poussin)|A painting]] about their martyrdom is in the [[Doge's Palace, Genoa]].


Vincenzo Giustiniani followed his father into the family business, while [[Benedetto Giustiniani|Benedetto]] entered the Church and became a cardinal himself, 16 November 1586.<ref>[http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1586.htm#Giustiniani Miranda, "Cardinals of the Holy Roman church": Benedetto Giustiniani]</ref> Both brothers were keen art patrons, and the collection they established became one of the most important in its age. On Giustiniani's death - Benedetto died in 1621 - it contained over 300 paintings (15 by Caravaggio) and more than 1200 pieces of sculpture, and the various catalogues constitute an invaluable resource for early 17th-century art. In 1631, the ''Galleria Giustiniani'' was published under supervision of [[Joachim von Sandrart]], in the form of a compilation of engravings of the family's gallery of statuary, most notably the [[Athena Giustiniani]], and the [[Giustiniani Hestia]].
Vincenzo and his elder brother Benedetto were taken by their father to Rome, where an uncle was already a cardinal.<ref>[http://www.jstor.org/stable/872858. Salerno, Luigi. “The Picture Gallery of Vincenzo Giustiniani - 1: Introduction.” The Burlington Magazine, vol. 102, no. 682, 1960, pp. 21–27. JSTOR, Accessed 21 Aug. 2022]</ref> Giuseppe Giustiniani became a banker, and by his death in 1600 was financier to the Vatican and one of the richest men in Rome. Vincenzo Giustiniani followed his father into the family business, while [[Benedetto Giustiniani|Benedetto]] entered the Church and became a cardinal himself, 16 November 1586.<ref>[http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1586.htm#Giustiniani Miranda, "Cardinals of the Holy Roman church": Benedetto Giustiniani]</ref> Both brothers were keen art patrons, and the collection they established became one of the most important in its age. On Giustiniani's death - Benedetto died in 1621 - it contained over 300 paintings (15 by Caravaggio) and more than 1200 pieces of sculpture, and the various catalogues constitute an invaluable resource for early 17th-century art. In 1631, the ''Galleria Giustiniani'' was published under supervision of [[Joachim von Sandrart]], in the form of a compilation of engravings of the family's gallery of statuary, most notably the [[Athena Giustiniani]], and the [[Giustiniani Hestia]].


Giustiniani followed interests in many other fields, writing essays in architecture, music, and art, as well as on such practical matters as hunting, travel, and [[horse trading]]. A friend and neighbour of Caravaggio's first patron, cardinal [[Francesco Maria Del Monte]], he extended his own friendship to the artist, purchasing ''[[Saint Matthew and the Angel]]'' when it was rejected by church officials for its perceived lack of decorum.
Giustiniani followed interests in many other fields, writing essays in architecture, music, and art, as well as on such practical matters as hunting, travel, and [[horse trading]]. A friend and neighbour of Caravaggio's first patron, cardinal [[Francesco Maria Del Monte]], he extended his own friendship to the artist, purchasing ''[[Saint Matthew and the Angel]]'' when it was rejected by church officials for its perceived lack of decorum.
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==Legacy==
==Legacy==
[[Image:Head Apollo BM Sc1547.jpg|thumb|left|upright|The Giustiniani head of Apollo (now in the [[British Museum]])]]
[[Image:Head Apollo BM Sc1547.jpg|thumb|upright|The Giustiniani head of Apollo<br>(now in the [[British Museum]])]]
The collection itself was broken up at the beginning of the 19th century, when the king of [[Prussia]] acquired over 160 paintings, the most important of which were destined for museums in [[Berlin]]. Today the Berlin [[Gemäldegalerie]] houses 43 paintings from the Giustinani collection, while other works are to be found in Potsdam’s [[Neues Palais]] and Bildergalerie [[Sanssouci]]. Further examples can be seen in the [[National Gallery, London]], the [[Hermitage Museum]], St. Petersburg and the [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]], Vienna. More paintings from the collection have been traced to collections and museums in Europe and the United States.
The collection itself was broken up at the beginning of the 19th century, when the king of [[Prussia]] acquired over 160 paintings, the most important of which were destined for museums in [[Berlin]]. Today the Berlin [[Gemäldegalerie]] houses 43 paintings from the Giustinani collection, while other works are to be found in Potsdam's [[Neues Palais]] and Bildergalerie [[Sanssouci]]. Further examples can be seen in the [[National Gallery, London]], the [[Hermitage Museum]], St. Petersburg and the [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]], Vienna. More paintings from the collection have been traced to collections and museums in Europe and the United States.

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{{commons category|Giustiniani Collection}}
{{commons category}}


==Notes==
==Notes==
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==References==
==References==
* {{cite book|last=Robb|first=Peter|authorlink=Peter Robb|title=[[M (Peter Robb book)|M]]|year=1998|isbn=0-312-27474-2, ISBN 0-7475-4858-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Robb|first=Peter|authorlink=Peter Robb (author)|title=[[M (Peter Robb book)|M]]|year=1998|isbn=0-7475-4858-7}}

==External links==
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* {{commons category-inline}}
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{{Authority control}}


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{{Authority control|VIAF=94752157}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
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| NAME = Giustiniani, Vincenzo
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Vincentius Justinianus, Justinian
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Italian banker and art collector
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| DATE OF BIRTH = 13 September 1564
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Chios
| DATE OF DEATH = 27 December 1637
| PLACE OF DEATH = Rome
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}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Giustiniani, Vincenzo}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Giustiniani, Vincenzo}}
[[Category:1564 births]]
[[Category:1564 births]]
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[[Category:Italian bankers]]
[[Category:Italian bankers]]
[[Category:Italian essayists]]
[[Category:Italian essayists]]
[[Category:Italian male essayists]]
[[Category:Italian male writers]]
[[Category:16th-century Italian nobility]]
[[Category:16th-century Italian nobility]]
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[[Category:17th-century Italian people]]
[[Category:17th-century Italian nobility]]
[[Category:17th-century Italian nobility]]
[[Category:House of Giustiniani]]
[[Category:House of Giustiniani|Vincenzo]]
[[Category:People from Chios]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Chios]]
[[Category:16th-century Italian businesspeople]]
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[[Category:17th-century Italian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Italian male non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:People from the Papal States]]

Latest revision as of 02:12, 10 October 2024

For other people named Vincenzo Giustiniani, see Vincenzo Giustiniani (disambiguation).
Vincenzo Giustiniani
Vincenzo Giustiniani in a portrait by Nicolas Régnier, c. 1630
Born13 September 1564
Chios
Died27 December 1637(1637-12-27) (aged 73)
Rome
Occupation(s)banker, art collector
Years active1586 - 1637
Known forart collection

Vincenzo Giustiniani (13 September 1564 – 27 December 1637) was an aristocratic Italian banker, art collector and intellectual of the late 16th and early 17th centuries, known today largely for the Giustiniani art collection, assembled at the Palazzo Giustiniani, near the Pantheon, in Rome, and at the family palazzo at Bassano by Vincenzo and his brother, Cardinal Benedetto,[1] and for his patronage of the artist Caravaggio.

Biography

[edit]

Vincenzo's father, Giuseppe Giustiniani, had been the last Genoese ruler of the Aegean island of Chios, which had been a family possession for centuries. In 1566 the island was lost to the Ottomans. On April 14, 1566 an Ottoman fleet under Piali Pasha arrive at the port of Chios and occupied it. The island was pillaged; churches destroyed or converted to mosques. Some members of the family were taken captive and transported to Constantinople. About twenty younger Giustinianis were drafted as janissaries. Three accepted their fate; the other eighteen were killed on September 6, 1566. A painting about their martyrdom is in the Doge's Palace, Genoa.

Vincenzo and his elder brother Benedetto were taken by their father to Rome, where an uncle was already a cardinal.[2] Giuseppe Giustiniani became a banker, and by his death in 1600 was financier to the Vatican and one of the richest men in Rome. Vincenzo Giustiniani followed his father into the family business, while Benedetto entered the Church and became a cardinal himself, 16 November 1586.[3] Both brothers were keen art patrons, and the collection they established became one of the most important in its age. On Giustiniani's death - Benedetto died in 1621 - it contained over 300 paintings (15 by Caravaggio) and more than 1200 pieces of sculpture, and the various catalogues constitute an invaluable resource for early 17th-century art. In 1631, the Galleria Giustiniani was published under supervision of Joachim von Sandrart, in the form of a compilation of engravings of the family's gallery of statuary, most notably the Athena Giustiniani, and the Giustiniani Hestia.

Giustiniani followed interests in many other fields, writing essays in architecture, music, and art, as well as on such practical matters as hunting, travel, and horse trading. A friend and neighbour of Caravaggio's first patron, cardinal Francesco Maria Del Monte, he extended his own friendship to the artist, purchasing Saint Matthew and the Angel when it was rejected by church officials for its perceived lack of decorum.

He died in Rome in 1637.

Legacy

[edit]
The Giustiniani head of Apollo
(now in the British Museum)

The collection itself was broken up at the beginning of the 19th century, when the king of Prussia acquired over 160 paintings, the most important of which were destined for museums in Berlin. Today the Berlin Gemäldegalerie houses 43 paintings from the Giustinani collection, while other works are to be found in Potsdam's Neues Palais and Bildergalerie Sanssouci. Further examples can be seen in the National Gallery, London, the Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg and the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. More paintings from the collection have been traced to collections and museums in Europe and the United States.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Silvia Danesi Squarzina, "The Collections of Cardinal Benedetto Giustiniani": Part I, The Burlington Magazine (November 1997) and Part II, The Burlington Magazine 140 (February 1998:102-118), documented by three inventories, of 1600, 1621 and 1638; see the virtual Giustiniani Collection Archived 2012-07-17 at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ^ Salerno, Luigi. “The Picture Gallery of Vincenzo Giustiniani - 1: Introduction.” The Burlington Magazine, vol. 102, no. 682, 1960, pp. 21–27. JSTOR, Accessed 21 Aug. 2022
  3. ^ Miranda, "Cardinals of the Holy Roman church": Benedetto Giustiniani

References

[edit]
  • Robb, Peter (1998). M. ISBN 0-7475-4858-7.
[edit]
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