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Coordinates: 37°01′44″N 35°48′45″E / 37.02889°N 35.81250°E / 37.02889; 35.81250
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{{Infobox Turkey place
{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement-->
| type = metro district
|settlement_type = District
| name = Ceyhan
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
| image_skyline = Ceyhan General view 5756.jpg
|subdivision_name = {{Flag|Turkey}}
| image_caption =
|timezone=[[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| image_map = Adana location Ceyhan.svg
|utc_offset=+2
|map_caption =Location of Ceyhan within Turkey.
| map_caption = Map showing Ceyhan District in Adana Province
| coordinates = {{coord|37|01|44|N|35|48|45|E|region:TR|display=inline,title}}
|timezone_DST=[[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| province = Adana
|utc_offset_DST=+3
| leader_party = CHP

| leader_name = Hülya Erdem
|official_name = Ceyhan
| leader_name1 =
|image_skyline =
| area_total_km2 = 1426
| image_caption =
| elevation_m =
|image_map=Adana location Ceyhan.svg
| population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/>
|subdivision_type1=[[Regions of Turkey|Region]]
| population_total = 158922
|subdivision_name1 = [[Mediterranean Region, Turkey|Mediterranean]]
| population_as_of = 2022
|subdivision_type2=[[Provinces of Turkey|Province]]
| postal_code = 01960
|subdivision_name2 = [[Adana Province|Adana]]
| area_footnotes = {{Turkey district areas|SOURCE}}
| area_code = 0322
| website = {{url|http://www.ceyhan.bel.tr/}}
| area_blank1_title = District
| area_blank1_km2 = {{Turkey district areas|Adana|Ceyhan}}
| population_footnotes = {{Turkey district populations|SOURCE|Adana}}
| population_urban = {{Turkey district populations|Adana|Ceyhan|şehir}}
| population_as_of = {{Turkey district populations|YEAR}}
| population_blank1_title = District
| population_blank1 = {{Turkey district populations|Adana|Ceyhan|toplam}}
| population_density_blank1_km2 = auto
|elevation_m =
|pushpin_map =Turkey
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_map_caption =Location of Ceyhan
|pushpin_mapsize =
|coordinates = {{coord|37|2|N|35|49|E|region:TR|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]|
postal_code = 01x xx
|area_code =
|blank_info = 01|blank_name=[[Turkish car number plates|Licence&nbsp;plate]]|
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Alemdar Öztürk ([[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|AKP]])
|website = http://www.ceyhan.bel.tr
|prefecture = http://www.ceyhan.gov.tr
}}
}}
'''Ceyhan''' ({{IPA|tr|ˈdʒejhan|pron}}) is a municipality and [[Districts of Turkey|district]] of [[Adana Province]], [[Turkey]].<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.</ref> Its area is 1,426&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.harita.gov.tr/uploads/files-folder/il_ilce_alanlari.xlsx|title=İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri|publisher=General Directorate of Mapping|access-date=12 July 2023}}</ref> and its population is 158,922 (2022).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=12 July 2023|publisher=[[TÜİK]]|language=en|format=XLS}}</ref> It is the most populous district of the province, outside the city of [[Adana]]. Ceyhan is the transportation hub for Middle Eastern and Central Asian oil and natural gas. The city is situated on the [[Ceyhan River]] that flows through [[Çukurova]] plain. The Ceyhan River is dammed at [[Aslantaş Dam|Aslantas]] to provide [[flood control]] and irrigation for the lower river basin around Ceyhan.


==Climate==
'''Ceyhan''' ({{IPA-tr|dʒejˈhan|pron}}) is a city and a district in the [[Adana Province]], in southern [[Turkey]], {{convert|43|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} east of Adana. With a population of over 157,000, it is the largest district of the province, outside the city of [[Adana]]. Ceyhan is the transportation hub for Middle Eastern, Central Asian and Russian oil and natural gas. The city is situated on the [[Ceyhan River]] that flows through [[Çukurova]] plain. The Ceyhan River is dammed at [[Aslantas]] to provide flood control and irrigation for the lower river basin around Ceyhan.
Ceyhan has a [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Csa'')<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria. |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02549-6/tables/1 |journal=Nature: Scientific Data |language=en}}</ref> with very hot, muggy summers with low precipitation, and mild, rainy winters.


{{Weather box
==Economy==
| width = auto
Ceyhan's marine transport terminal is the Mediterranean terminus of the [[Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline]] (the "BTC") which brings [[petroleum|crude oil]] from the landlocked [[Caspian Sea]] across [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], and entering Turkey in the northeast. The pipeline was completed in May 2005. The terminal contains seven storage tanks, a jetty capable of loading two [[Tanker (ship)|tanker]]s of up to {{DWT|300,000|metric|disp=long}} simultaneously, metering facilities, a [[Industrial wastewater treatment|waste water treatment plant]] and vapor [[incineration]] ("burn-off") facilities.
| collapsed = yes
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| location = Ceyhan (1991–2020)
| Jan high C = 14.2
| Feb high C = 15.9
| Mar high C = 19.3
| Apr high C = 23.5
| May high C = 28.1
| Jun high C = 31.8
| Jul high C = 34.0
| Aug high C = 34.5
| Sep high C = 32.7
| Oct high C = 29.1
| Nov high C = 21.9
| Dec high C = 15.9
| year high C = 25.1
| Jan mean C = 8.3
| Feb mean C = 9.5
| Mar mean C = 12.8
| Apr mean C = 16.7
| May mean C = 21.2
| Jun mean C = 25.2
| Jul mean C = 28.0
| Aug mean C = 28.3
| Sep mean C = 25.5
| Oct mean C = 21.1
| Nov mean C = 14.3
| Dec mean C = 9.7
| year mean C = 18.4
| Jan low C = 3.7
| Feb low C = 4.4
| Mar low C = 7.2
| Apr low C = 10.7
| May low C = 14.9
| Jun low C = 19.0
| Jul low C = 22.5
| Aug low C = 22.9
| Sep low C = 19.2
| Oct low C = 14.5
| Nov low C = 8.3
| Dec low C = 5.1
| year low C = 12.7
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 103.17
| Feb precipitation mm = 101.96
| Mar precipitation mm = 83.48
| Apr precipitation mm = 65.46
| May precipitation mm = 51.27
| Jun precipitation mm = 22.46
| Jul precipitation mm = 8.41
| Aug precipitation mm = 4.19
| Sep precipitation mm = 26.81
| Oct precipitation mm = 42.2
| Nov precipitation mm = 78.64
| Dec precipitation mm = 133.84
| year precipitation mm = 721.89


| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
Ceyhan Terminal is also the destination of [[Kirkuk-Ceyhan Oil Pipeline]] and planned [[Samsun-Ceyhan Pipeline|Samsun-Ceyhan by-pass pipeline]]. In future Ceyhan will be also a natural gas hub for a planned pipeline constructed parallel to the Kirkuk-Ceyhan oil pipeline, and for a planned extension of the [[Blue Stream]] Gas Pipeline from Samsun to Ceyhan.
| Jan precipitation days = 7.6
| Feb precipitation days = 7.6
| Mar precipitation days = 7.9
| Apr precipitation days = 6.5
| May precipitation days = 5.1
| Jun precipitation days = 2.7
| Jul precipitation days = 2.1
| Aug precipitation days = 1.1
| Sep precipitation days = 3.2
| Oct precipitation days = 4.6
| Nov precipitation days = 5.3
| Dec precipitation days = 8.5
| year precipitation days = 62.2


| Jan humidity = 67.3
Set to become a crossroad in the near future, Ceyhan's significance in political terms is also expected to rise considerably, as stressed during an early 2006 [[symposium]] organized by the municipality.<ref>[http://ebelediye.ceyhan.bel.tr/sempozyum/ozetler/default.asp From Ceyhun to Ceyhan - Papers presented during the 29 March-1 April 2006 symposium organized by the municipality of Ceyhan] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008155205/http://ebelediye.ceyhan.bel.tr/sempozyum/ozetler/default.asp |date=October 8, 2007 }} covering the region's culture and ethnography, as well as the broader subjects of the international [[oil industry]], the [[Caucasus]] and the [[Cyprus dispute]]. {{tr}}</ref>
| Feb humidity = 65.5
| Mar humidity = 65.1
| Apr humidity = 65.8
| May humidity = 64.1
| Jun humidity = 63.5
| Jul humidity = 66.2
| Aug humidity = 67.0
| Sep humidity = 63.0
| Oct humidity = 59.2
| Nov humidity = 60.3
| Dec humidity = 68.7
| year humidity = 64.6
| source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Turkiye/CSV/Ceyhan_17960.csv
|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Ceyhan
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = January 13, 2024}}</ref>
}}

==Economy==
Ceyhan's marine transport terminal is the Mediterranean terminus of the [[Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline]] (the "BTC") which brings [[petroleum|crude oil]] from the landlocked [[Caspian Sea]] across [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], and entering Turkey in the northeast. The pipeline was completed in May 2005. The terminal contains seven storage tanks, a jetty capable of loading two [[Tanker (ship)|tanker]]s of up to {{DWT|300,000|metric|disp=long}} simultaneously, metering facilities, a [[Industrial wastewater treatment|waste water treatment plant]] and vapor [[incineration]] ("burn-off") facilities.

Ceyhan Terminal is also the destination of [[Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline]] but this was closed in 2024 due to a payment dispute.<ref name="v260">{{cite web | author=Gary Dixon (g_dixon) | title=No way out: ‘Hormuz closure would rock tanker markets’, says BRS | website=TradeWinds | date=2024-10-08 | url=https://www.tradewindsnews.com/tankers/no-way-out-hormuz-closure-would-rock-tanker-markets-says-brs/2-1-1721116?zephr_sso_ott=8tfeAp | access-date=2024-10-10}}</ref>


==Contemporary Life==
==Contemporary Life==
Line 55: Line 129:


==Transport==
==Transport==
[[Adana Şakirpaşa Airport]] is the closest airport to Ceyhan {{convert|60|km|0|abbr=on}} west of the city. There are domestic and international flights to numerous destinations from the airport.
[[Adana Şakirpaşa Airport]] is the closest airport to Ceyhan {{cvt|60|km|0}} west of the city. There are domestic and international flights to numerous destinations from the airport. There was a plane crash here in 1999. A Saudi bound plane carrying Hajj pilgrims crashed a few minutes after take off. There were many deaths.


[[Ceyhan Railway Station]] was opened in 1912 as part of the [[Berlin-Baghdad Railway]]. The station is currently served by two regional lines and one long-distance line. Regional lines run from [[Mersin]] to [[İskenderun]] and Mersin to [[İslahiye]]; long-distance line runs from [[Adana]] to [[Elâzığ]]. There are three services daily to [[Adana Central Station]] to connect to the western destinations; Mersin, Ankara, Karaman and Kayseri.
[[Ceyhan railway station]] was opened in 1912 as part of the [[Berlin–Baghdad railway]]. The station is currently served by two regional lines and one long-distance line. Regional lines run from [[Mersin]] to [[İskenderun]] and Mersin to [[İslahiye]]; long-distance line runs from [[Adana]] to [[Elazığ]]. There are three services daily to [[Adana Central Station]] to connect to the western destinations; Mersin, Ankara, Karaman and Kayseri.


==Places of interest==
==Places of interest==
* The [[Kurtkulağı Kervansarayı|Caravanserai of Kurtkulağı]] - built in 1659 by Hüseyin Paşa, architect Mehmed Ağa.
*The [[Kurtkulağı Kervansarayı|Caravanserai of Kurtkulağı]] - built in 1659 by Hüseyin Paşa, architect Mehmed Ağa.
* [[Tumlu Kale]] or Dumlukale - another castle.
*[[commons:Category:Tumlu castle|Tumlu Kale]] or Dumlukale - another castle.
*[[Sirkeli Höyük]] - built to commemorate a battle here between [[Hittites|Hittite]] emperor [[Muvattali]] and the Egyptian pharaoh Rameses.
*[[Sirkeli Höyük]] - built to commemorate a battle here between [[Hittites|Hittite]] emperor [[Muvattali]] and the Egyptian pharaoh Rameses.

==Composition==
There are 112 [[mahalle|neighbourhoods]] in Ceyhan District:<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Mahalle], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* [[Adapınar, Ceyhan|Adapınar]]
* Adatepe
* [[Ağaçlı, Ceyhan|Ağaçlı]]
* [[Ağaçpınar, Ceyhan|Ağaçpınar]]
* [[Akdam, Ceyhan|Akdam]]
* [[Altıgözbekirli, Ceyhan|Altıgözbekirli]]
* [[Altıkara, Ceyhan|Altıkara]]
* Altıocak
* Atatürk
* [[Aydınlar, Ceyhan|Aydınlar]]
* Aytemuroğlu
* [[Azizli, Ceyhan|Azizli]]
* [[Başören, Ceyhan|Başören]]
* Belediye Evleri
* Birkent
* Bota
* Burhaniye
* [[Burhanlı, Ceyhan|Burhanlı]]
* [[Büyükburhaniye, Ceyhan|Büyükburhaniye]]
* Büyükkırım
* [[Büyükmangıt, Ceyhan|Büyükmangıt]]
* [[Çakaldere, Ceyhan|Çakaldere]]
* [[Camuzağılı, Ceyhan|Camuzağılı]]
* [[Çataklı, Ceyhan|Çataklı]]
* [[Çatalhüyük, Ceyhan|Çatalhüyük]]
* [[Çevretepe, Ceyhan|Çevretepe]]
* [[Ceyhanbekirli, Ceyhan|Ceyhanbekirli]]
* [[Çiçekli, Ceyhan|Çiçekli]]
* [[Çiftlikler, Ceyhan|Çiftlikler]]
* Civantayak
* [[Çokçapınar, Ceyhan|Çokçapınar]]
* Cumhuriyet
* [[Dağıstan, Ceyhan|Dağıstan]]
* [[Değirmendere, Ceyhan|Değirmendere]]
* [[Değirmenli, Ceyhan|Değirmenli]]
* [[Dikilitaş, Ceyhan|Dikilitaş]]
* [[Dokuztekne, Ceyhan|Dokuztekne]]
* Doruk
* [[Durhasandede, Ceyhan|Durhasandede]]
* [[Dutlupınar, Ceyhan|Dutlupınar]]
* [[Ekinyazı, Ceyhan|Ekinyazı]]
* [[Elmagölü, Ceyhan|Elmagölü]]
* Emek
* [[Erenler, Ceyhan|Erenler]]
* Esentepe
* Fatih Sultan Mehmet
* Gazi Osman Paşa
* [[Gümürdülü, Ceyhan|Gümürdülü]]
* [[Gündoğan, Ceyhan|Gündoğan]]
* [[Günlüce, Ceyhan|Günlüce]]
* [[Hamdilli, Ceyhan|Hamdilli]]
* [[Hamidiye, Ceyhan|Hamidiye]]
* [[Hamitbey, Ceyhan|Hamitbey]]
* [[Hamitbeybucağı, Ceyhan|Hamitbeybucağı]]
* Hürriyet
* [[İmran, Ceyhan|İmran]]
* [[İnceyer, Ceyhan|İnceyer]]
* İnönü
* [[Irmaklı, Ceyhan|Irmaklı]]
* [[İsalı, Ceyhan|İsalı]]
* [[Isırganlı, Ceyhan|Isırganlı]]
* İstiklal
* [[Karakayalı, Ceyhan|Karakayalı]]
* Kelemeti
* [[Kılıçkaya, Ceyhan|Kılıçkaya]]
* [[Kıvrıklı, Ceyhan|Kıvrıklı]]
* [[Kızıldere, Ceyhan|Kızıldere]]
* Konakoğlu
* [[Köprülü, Ceyhan|Köprülü]]
* [[Körkuyu, Ceyhan|Körkuyu]]
* Koruklu
* [[Kösreli, Ceyhan|Kösreli]]
* [[Küçükburhaniye, Ceyhan|Küçükburhaniye]]
* Küçükkırım
* [[Küçükmangıt, Ceyhan|Küçükmangıt]]
* [[Kurtkulağı, Ceyhan|Kurtkulağı]]
* [[Kurtpınar, Ceyhan|Kurtpınar]]
* [[Kuzucak, Ceyhan|Kuzucak]]
* [[Mercimek, Ceyhan|Mercimek]]
* [[Mercin, Ceyhan|Mercin]]
* Mithatpaşa
* Modernevler
* Muradiye
* [[Mustafabeyli, Adana|Mustafabeyli]]
* Namık Kemal
* [[Narlık, Ceyhan|Narlık]]
* [[Nazımbey Yeniköy, Ceyhan|Nazımbey Yeniköy]]
* [[Sağırlar, Ceyhan|Sağırlar]]
* [[Sağkaya, Ceyhan|Sağkaya]]
* Şahin Özbilen
* [[Sarıbahçe, Ceyhan|Sarıbahçe]]
* [[Sarımazı]]
* Sarısakal
* Şehit Hacı Ibrahim
* [[Selimiye, Ceyhan|Selimiye]]
* [[Sirkeli, Ceyhan|Sirkeli]]
* [[Soğukpınar, Ceyhan|Soğukpınar]]
* [[Soysallı, Ceyhan|Soysallı]]
* [[Tatarlı, Ceyhan|Tatarlı]]
* [[Tatlıkuyu, Ceyhan|Tatlıkuyu]]
* [[Toktamış, Ceyhan|Toktamış]]
* [[Tumlu, Ceyhan|Tumlu]]
* [[Üçdutyeşilova, Ceyhan|Üçdutyeşilova]]
* Ulus
* [[Veysiye, Ceyhan|Veysiye]]
* [[Yalak, Ceyhan|Yalak]]
* Yarsuat
* [[Yellibel, Ceyhan|Yellibel]]
* [[Yeşilbahçe, Ceyhan|Yeşilbahçe]]
* [[Yeşildam, Ceyhan|Yeşildam]]
* [[Yılankale, Ceyhan|Yılankale]]
* Zübeyde Hanım
{{div col end}}


==International relations==
==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey}}
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey}}


===Twin towns – Sister cities===
Ceyhan is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
Ceyhan is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|AZE}} [[Sumgait]], [[Azerbaijan]]<ref name="Azerbaijan twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.azerbaijans.com/content_1719_en.html|title=Twin-cities of Azerbaijan|accessdate=2013-08-09|work=Azerbaijans.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://sumqayit-ih.gov.az/content.php?page=beynelxalq_elaqeler |title=Sumqayıt şəhər icra hakimiyyəti. Beynəlxalq Əlaqələr |trans-title=Sumgayit Executive Power. International Relations |accessdate=2010-12-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101220065219/http://sumqayit-ih.gov.az//content.php?page=beynelxalq_elaqeler |archivedate=2010-12-20 |df= }}</ref>
*{{flagicon|AZE}} [[Sumgait]], [[Azerbaijan]]<ref name="Azerbaijan twinnings">{{cite web |url=http://www.azerbaijans.com/content_1719_en.html |title=Twin-cities of Azerbaijan |access-date=2013-08-09 |work=Azerbaijans.com |archive-date=2013-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809115218/http://www.azerbaijans.com/content_1719_en.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://sumqayit-ih.gov.az/content.php?page=beynelxalq_elaqeler |title=Sumqayıt şəhər icra hakimiyyəti. Beynəlxalq Əlaqələr |trans-title=Sumgayit Executive Power. International Relations |access-date=2010-12-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101220065219/http://sumqayit-ih.gov.az//content.php?page=beynelxalq_elaqeler |archive-date=2010-12-20}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Çukurova]]
*[[Çukurova]]
*[[Cilicia War]]
* [[Adana-Mersin Metropolitan Area]]
*[[Timeline of the Turkish War of Independence]]
* [[Cilicia War]]
*[[Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline]]
* [[Chronology of the Turkish War of Independence]]
{{commons category|Ceyhan}}
* [[Kirkuk-Ceyhan Oil Pipeline]]


==Footnotes==
==Footnotes==
Line 82: Line 272:


{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Adana|}}
{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Adana|}}
{{Ceyhan District}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Çukurova]]
[[Category:Ceyhan| ]]
[[Category:Ceyhan| ]]
[[Category:Çukurova]]
[[Category:Populated places in Adana Province]]
[[Category:Populated places in Adana Province]]
[[Category:Districts of Adana Province]]
[[Category:Districts of Adana Province]]
[[Category:Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey]]

Latest revision as of 08:28, 10 October 2024

Ceyhan
District and municipality
Map showing Ceyhan District in Adana Province
Map showing Ceyhan District in Adana Province
Ceyhan is located in Turkey
Ceyhan
Ceyhan
Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 37°01′44″N 35°48′45″E / 37.02889°N 35.81250°E / 37.02889; 35.81250
CountryTurkey
ProvinceAdana
Government
 • MayorHülya Erdem (CHP)
Area
1,426 km2 (551 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[1]
158,922
 • Density110/km2 (290/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code
01960
Area code0322
Websitewww.ceyhan.bel.tr

Ceyhan (pronounced [ˈdʒejhan]) is a municipality and district of Adana Province, Turkey.[2] Its area is 1,426 km2,[3] and its population is 158,922 (2022).[1] It is the most populous district of the province, outside the city of Adana. Ceyhan is the transportation hub for Middle Eastern and Central Asian oil and natural gas. The city is situated on the Ceyhan River that flows through Çukurova plain. The Ceyhan River is dammed at Aslantas to provide flood control and irrigation for the lower river basin around Ceyhan.

Climate

[edit]

Ceyhan has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa)[4] with very hot, muggy summers with low precipitation, and mild, rainy winters.

Climate data for Ceyhan (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 14.2
(57.6) 		15.9
(60.6) 		19.3
(66.7) 		23.5
(74.3) 		28.1
(82.6) 		31.8
(89.2) 		34.0
(93.2) 		34.5
(94.1) 		32.7
(90.9) 		29.1
(84.4) 		21.9
(71.4) 		15.9
(60.6) 		25.1
(77.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 8.3
(46.9) 		9.5
(49.1) 		12.8
(55.0) 		16.7
(62.1) 		21.2
(70.2) 		25.2
(77.4) 		28.0
(82.4) 		28.3
(82.9) 		25.5
(77.9) 		21.1
(70.0) 		14.3
(57.7) 		9.7
(49.5) 		18.4
(65.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 3.7
(38.7) 		4.4
(39.9) 		7.2
(45.0) 		10.7
(51.3) 		14.9
(58.8) 		19.0
(66.2) 		22.5
(72.5) 		22.9
(73.2) 		19.2
(66.6) 		14.5
(58.1) 		8.3
(46.9) 		5.1
(41.2) 		12.7
(54.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 103.17
(4.06) 		101.96
(4.01) 		83.48
(3.29) 		65.46
(2.58) 		51.27
(2.02) 		22.46
(0.88) 		8.41
(0.33) 		4.19
(0.16) 		26.81
(1.06) 		42.2
(1.66) 		78.64
(3.10) 		133.84
(5.27) 		721.89
(28.42)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 7.6 7.6 7.9 6.5 5.1 2.7 2.1 1.1 3.2 4.6 5.3 8.5 62.2
Average relative humidity (%) 67.3 65.5 65.1 65.8 64.1 63.5 66.2 67.0 63.0 59.2 60.3 68.7 64.6
Source: NOAA[5]

Economy

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Ceyhan's marine transport terminal is the Mediterranean terminus of the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline (the "BTC") which brings crude oil from the landlocked Caspian Sea across Azerbaijan and Georgia, and entering Turkey in the northeast. The pipeline was completed in May 2005. The terminal contains seven storage tanks, a jetty capable of loading two tankers of up to 300,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT) simultaneously, metering facilities, a waste water treatment plant and vapor incineration ("burn-off") facilities.

Ceyhan Terminal is also the destination of Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline but this was closed in 2024 due to a payment dispute.[6]

Contemporary Life

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Ceyhan is the second most developed and populated district of Adana Province after the center of Adana. The river runs through the district.

Transport

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Adana Şakirpaşa Airport is the closest airport to Ceyhan 60 km (37 mi) west of the city. There are domestic and international flights to numerous destinations from the airport. There was a plane crash here in 1999. A Saudi bound plane carrying Hajj pilgrims crashed a few minutes after take off. There were many deaths.

Ceyhan railway station was opened in 1912 as part of the Berlin–Baghdad railway. The station is currently served by two regional lines and one long-distance line. Regional lines run from Mersin to İskenderun and Mersin to İslahiye; long-distance line runs from Adana to Elazığ. There are three services daily to Adana Central Station to connect to the western destinations; Mersin, Ankara, Karaman and Kayseri.

Places of interest

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Composition

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There are 112 neighbourhoods in Ceyhan District:[7]

International relations

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey

Ceyhan is twinned with:

See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ceyhan.

Footnotes

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  1. ^ a b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  2. ^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  3. ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  4. ^ "Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria". Nature: Scientific Data.
  5. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Ceyhan". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  6. ^ Gary Dixon (g_dixon) (2024-10-08). "No way out: 'Hormuz closure would rock tanker markets', says BRS". TradeWinds. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
  7. ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  8. ^ "Twin-cities of Azerbaijan". Azerbaijans.com. Archived from the original on 2013-08-09. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
  9. ^ "Sumqayıt şəhər icra hakimiyyəti. Beynəlxalq Əlaqələr" [Sumgayit Executive Power. International Relations]. Archived from the original on 2010-12-20. Retrieved 2010-12-29.
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