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{{Short description|C-class submarine built for the Royal Navy}}
'''HMS ''C16''''' was a [[British C class submarine]] built by [[Vickers]], [[Barrow-in-Furness|Barrow]]. She was laid down on 14 December 1906 and was commissioned on 5 June 1908.
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[File:HMS C16 IWM Q 022030.jpg|300px|HMS C16]]
|Ship caption=HMS ''C16''
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United Kingdom
|Ship flag=[[Image:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|60px|RN Ensign]]
|Ship name=HMS ''C16''
|Ship ordered=
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[Vickers]], [[Barrow-in-Furness|Barrow]]
|Ship laid down=14 December 1906
|Ship launched=19 March 1908
|Ship christened=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned= 5 June 1908
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=
|Ship refit=
|Ship struck=
|Ship fate=Sold, 12 August 1922
|Ship homeport=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=[[British C-class submarine|C-class submarine]]
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|287|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} surfaced
*{{convert|316|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} submerged
|Ship length={{convert|142|ft|3|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|13|ft|7|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|11|ft|6|in|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship power=*{{convert|600|bhp|kW|lk=in|abbr=on}} [[petrol]]
*{{convert|300|hp|kW|abbr=on}} electric
|Ship propulsion=*1 × 16-cylinder Vickers petrol engine
*1 × [[electric motor]]
|Ship speed=*{{convert|12|kn|abbr=on|lk=in}} surfaced
*{{convert|7|kn|abbr=on}} submerged
|Ship range={{convert|910|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|12|kn|abbr=on}} on the surface
|Ship test depth={{convert|100|ft|1}}
|Ship complement=2 officers and 14 ratings
|Ship armament=2 × [[British 18 inch torpedo|18 in (450 mm)]] bow [[torpedo tube]]s
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''HMS ''C16''''' was one of 38 [[British C-class submarine|C-class submarine]]s built for the [[Royal Navy]] in the first decade of the 20th century. The boat survived the [[First World War]] and was sold for [[ship breaking|scrap]] in 1922.


==Design and description==
HMS ''C16'' was sunk in a collision with [[HMS C17]] south of [[Cromer]], [[Norfolk]] on 14 July 1909. There was only one survivor. She was salved and recommissioned.
The C class was essentially a repeat of the preceding [[British B-class submarine|B class]], albeit with better performance underwater. The submarine had a length of {{convert|142|ft|3|in|m|1}} [[length overall|overall]], a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|13|ft|7|in|m|1}} and a mean [[draft (ship)|draft]] of {{convert|11|ft|6|in|m|1}}. They [[displacement (ship)|displaced]] {{convert|287|LT|t|0}} on the surface and {{convert|316|LT|t|0}} submerged. The C-class submarines had a crew of two officers and fourteen [[naval rating|ratings]].<ref name=gg9>Gardiner & Gray, p. 87</ref>


For surface running, the boats were powered by a single 16-cylinder {{convert|600|bhp|lk=in|0|adj=on}} [[Vickers]] [[petrol engine]] that drove one [[propeller shaft]]. When submerged the propeller was driven by a {{convert|300|hp|0|adj=on}} [[electric motor]].<ref name=gg9/> They could reach {{convert|12|kn|lk=in}} on the surface and {{convert|7|kn}} underwater. On the surface, the C class had a range of {{convert|910|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|12|kn}}.<ref>Harrison, Chapter 3</ref>
''C16'' was again sunk after being rammed at periscope depth by the British destroyer [[HMS Melampus (1914)|HMS ''Melampus'']] off [[Harwich]] on 16 April 1917. The boat bottomed at 60 ft. The first Lieutenant, Lieut S Anderson was fired through a torpedo tube to try to escape. He unfortunately drowned. So the skipper tried to flood the boat in an effort to escape through the fore hatch. But the fender jammed the hatch so the crew became trapped. The escape attempts were recorded by the commanding officer, Lieut H Boase, and was corked in a bottle found lying near him when the hull was salvaged. All the crew of HMS ''C16'' died. HMS ''C16'' was salved and recommissioned.


The boats were armed with two [[British 18 inch torpedo|18-inch (45&nbsp;cm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s in the bow. They could carry a pair of reload torpedoes, but generally did not as they would have to remove an equal weight of fuel in compensation.<ref>Harrison, Chapter 27</ref>
HMS ''C16'' was finally sold on the 12 August 1922.


==Construction and career==
⚫
== External links ==
''C16'' was built by [[Vickers]] at their [[Barrow-in-Furness]] [[shipyard]], [[laid down]] on 14 December 1906 and was commissioned on 5 June 1908. The boat collided with {{HMS|C17||2}} east of [[Cromer]], Norfolk on 14 July 1909 when the steamer ''Eddystone'' drove through the flotilla - colliding with and sinking {{HMS|C11}}. ''C16'' was undamaged and participated in the Lord Mayor's Pageant (17-24 July 1909). ''C16'' was sunk after being rammed at [[periscope depth]] by [[destroyer]] {{HMS|Melampus|1914|2}} off [[Harwich Dockyard|Harwich]] on 16 April 1917. The boat bottomed out at {{convert|60|ft|m|abbr=on}}. A Mate – Samuel Anderson – was fired through a [[torpedo tube]] to try to escape, but unfortunately drowned. The [[Captain (naval)|captain]] – [[Lieutenant (naval)|Lieutenant]] Harold Boase – tried to flood the boat in an effort to escape through the fore hatch, but the fender jammed the hatch, so the crew was trapped. The escape attempts were recorded by the [[commanding officer]], and were found corked in a bottle found lying near him when the hull was salvaged. All the crew of ''C16'' died. ''C16'' was salvaged and recommissioned. ''C16'' was finally sold on 12 August 1922.
⚫
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/great_britain/submarines/pages/c_class/c_16_page_1.htm HMS C16 pages at MaritimeQuest]
⚫
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/great_britain/submarines/pages/c_class/c_16_roll_of_honour.htm HMS C16 Roll of Honour]


== References ==
==Notes==
{{reflist|30em}}
*''Submarines, War Beneath The Waves, From 1776 To The Present Day'', by Robert Hutchinson.

==References==
* {{cite book|last=Akermann|first=Paul|title=Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955|edition=reprint of the 1989|year=2002|publisher=Periscope Publishing|location=Penzance, Cornwall|isbn=1-904381-05-7}}
* {{Cite Colledge2006}}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner|editor1-first=Robert|editor2-last=Gray|editor2-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|location=Annapolis, Maryland|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=0-85177-245-5|name-list-style=amp}}
* {{cite web|url=http://rnsubs.co.uk/dits-bits/br-3043.html|title=The Development of HM Submarines From Holland No. 1 (1901) to Porpoise (1930) (BR3043)|last=Harrison|first=A. N.|date=January 1979|publisher=RN Subs|access-date=27 September 2022}}

⚫
==External links==
⚫
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/great_britain/submarines/pages/c_class/c_16_page_1.htm HMS ''C16'' pages at MaritimeQuest]
⚫
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/great_britain/submarines/pages/c_class/c_16_roll_of_honour.htm HMS ''C16'' Roll of Honour]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130714021235/http://www.submarine-museum.co.uk/what-we-have/memorial-chapel/submarine-losses?start=7 'Submarine losses 1904 to present day' - Royal Navy Submarine Museum]

==References==
* {{cite book | last = Hutchinson | first = Robert | title = Jane's Submarines: War Beneath the Waves from 1776 to the Present Day | url = https://archive.org/details/janessubmarinesw0000hutc | url-access = registration | year = 2001 | location = London | publisher = [[HarperCollins]] | isbn = 978-0-00-710558-8 |oclc = 53783010 }}


{{British C class submarine}}
{{British C class submarine}}
{{1909 shipwrecks}}
{{April 1917 shipwrecks}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:C16}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:C16}}
[[Category:Barrow-built ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness]]
[[Category:British C class submarines]]
[[Category:British C-class submarines]]
[[Category:Royal Navy ship names]]
[[Category:Royal Navy ship names]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks in the North Sea]]
[[Category:World War I shipwrecks in the North Sea]]
[[Category:British submarine accidents]]
[[Category:Submarines sunk in collisions]]
[[Category:1908 ships]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1909]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1917]]
[[Category:1917 disasters in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Warships lost with all hands]]

Latest revision as of 21:23, 10 October 2024

HMS C16
HMS C16
History
RN EnsignUnited Kingdom
NameHMS C16
BuilderVickers, Barrow
Laid down14 December 1906
Launched19 March 1908
Commissioned5 June 1908
FateSold, 12 August 1922
General characteristics
Class and typeC-class submarine
Displacement
  • 287 long tons (292 t) surfaced
  • 316 long tons (321 t) submerged
Length142 ft 3 in (43.4 m)
Beam13 ft 7 in (4.1 m)
Draught11 ft 6 in (3.5 m)
Installed power
  • 600 bhp (450 kW) petrol
  • 300 hp (220 kW) electric
Propulsion
Speed
  • 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph) surfaced
  • 7 kn (13 km/h; 8.1 mph) submerged
Range910 nmi (1,690 km; 1,050 mi) at 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph) on the surface
Test depth100 feet (30.5 m)
Complement2 officers and 14 ratings
Armament2 × 18 in (450 mm) bow torpedo tubes

HMS C16 was one of 38 C-class submarines built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. The boat survived the First World War and was sold for scrap in 1922.

Design and description

[edit]

The C class was essentially a repeat of the preceding B class, albeit with better performance underwater. The submarine had a length of 142 feet 3 inches (43.4 m) overall, a beam of 13 feet 7 inches (4.1 m) and a mean draft of 11 feet 6 inches (3.5 m). They displaced 287 long tons (292 t) on the surface and 316 long tons (321 t) submerged. The C-class submarines had a crew of two officers and fourteen ratings.[1]

For surface running, the boats were powered by a single 16-cylinder 600-brake-horsepower (447 kW) Vickers petrol engine that drove one propeller shaft. When submerged the propeller was driven by a 300-horsepower (224 kW) electric motor.[1] They could reach 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) on the surface and 7 knots (13 km/h; 8.1 mph) underwater. On the surface, the C class had a range of 910 nautical miles (1,690 km; 1,050 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph).[2]

The boats were armed with two 18-inch (45 cm) torpedo tubes in the bow. They could carry a pair of reload torpedoes, but generally did not as they would have to remove an equal weight of fuel in compensation.[3]

Construction and career

[edit]

C16 was built by Vickers at their Barrow-in-Furness shipyard, laid down on 14 December 1906 and was commissioned on 5 June 1908. The boat collided with C17 east of Cromer, Norfolk on 14 July 1909 when the steamer Eddystone drove through the flotilla - colliding with and sinking HMS C11. C16 was undamaged and participated in the Lord Mayor's Pageant (17-24 July 1909). C16 was sunk after being rammed at periscope depth by destroyer Melampus off Harwich on 16 April 1917. The boat bottomed out at 60 ft (18 m). A Mate – Samuel Anderson – was fired through a torpedo tube to try to escape, but unfortunately drowned. The captain – Lieutenant Harold Boase – tried to flood the boat in an effort to escape through the fore hatch, but the fender jammed the hatch, so the crew was trapped. The escape attempts were recorded by the commanding officer, and were found corked in a bottle found lying near him when the hull was salvaged. All the crew of C16 died. C16 was salvaged and recommissioned. C16 was finally sold on 12 August 1922.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Gardiner & Gray, p. 87
  2. ^ Harrison, Chapter 3
  3. ^ Harrison, Chapter 27

References

[edit]
  • Akermann, Paul (2002). Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955 (reprint of the 1989 ed.). Penzance, Cornwall: Periscope Publishing. ISBN 1-904381-05-7.
  • Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
  • Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
  • Harrison, A. N. (January 1979). "The Development of HM Submarines From Holland No. 1 (1901) to Porpoise (1930) (BR3043)". RN Subs. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
[edit]

References

[edit]
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