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Coordinates: 41°03′33″N 124°08′35″W / 41.05917°N 124.14306°W / 41.05917; -124.14306
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→History: add sentence about Russian-American sea otter hunting bases here, pre-Fort Ross
 
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{{Short description| City in the state of California, United States}}
{{Short description|City in California, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Trinidad, California
|official_name = Trinidad, California
|settlement_type = [[List of municipalities in California|City]]
|settlement_type = [[List of municipalities in California|City]]
|image_skyline = Trinidad California.jpg
|image_skyline = Trinidad California.jpg
|image_caption = A view of Trinidad from a trail on nearby Trinidad Head
|image_caption = A view of Trinidad from a trail on nearby [[Trinidad Head]] on May 27, 2006.
|image_seal =
|image_seal =
|image_map = Humboldt_County_California_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Trinidad_Highlighted.svg
|image_map = Humboldt_County_California_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Trinidad_Highlighted.svg
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|mapsize = 250x200px
|mapsize = 250x200px
|image_map1 = Trinidad-ca-south-coastline.jpg
|image_map1 = Trinidad-ca-south-coastline.jpg
|map_caption1 = Trinidad Coastline South; CCNM
|map_caption1 = A 2007 view of the coastline south of Trinidad overlooking Trinidad Bay with offshore rocks; part of the [[California Coastal National Monument]].
|pushpin_map = USA California Northern#California#USA
|pushpin_map = USA California Northern#California#USA
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States
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|leader_name =
|leader_name =
|established_title = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_title = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date = November 7, 1870<ref>{{Cite web
|established_date = November 7, 1870<ref name=citiesbyincorp>{{Cite web
|url=http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
|url=http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
|title=California Cities by Incorporation Date
|title=California Cities by Incorporation Date
|format=Word
|format=Word
|publisher=California Association of [[Local Agency Formation Commission]]s
|publisher=California Association of [[Local Agency Formation Commission]]s
|access-date=April 7, 2013
|access-date=April 7, 2013 |url-status=dead
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103002921/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103002921/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
|archive-date=November 3, 2014
|archive-date=November 3, 2014 }}</ref>
}}</ref>
<!-- Area------------------>
<!-- Area------------------>
|area_magnitude =
|area_magnitude =
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|elevation_ft = 174
|elevation_ft = 174
|elevation_m = 53
|elevation_m = 53
|population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_footnotes = <ref name="US Census Bureau 2020 Trinidad, CA Population">{{cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/all?q=Trinidad+city;+California |website=data.census.gov |access-date=May 5, 2023}}</ref>
|population_footnotes =
|population_total = 367
|population_total = 307
|population_metro =
|population_metro =
|population_density_km2 = 282.68
|population_density_km2 = 282.68
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|website = {{URL|https://trinidad.ca.gov}}
|website = {{URL|https://trinidad.ca.gov}}
|footnotes = {{Designation list|embed=yes|designation1=California|designation1_number=216<ref name=CHL>{{cite ohp|216|Trinidad|2012-10-07}}</ref>}}
|footnotes = {{Designation list|embed=yes|designation1=California|designation1_number=216<ref name=CHL>{{cite ohp|216|Trinidad|2012-10-07}}</ref>}}
|pop_est_as_of = 2019
|pop_est_as_of =
|pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse"/>
|pop_est_footnotes =
|population_est = 355
}}
}}


'''Trinidad''' ([[Spanish language|Spanish]] for "Trinity"; [[Yurok language|Yurok]]: ''Chuerey'') is a seaside city in [[Humboldt County, California|Humboldt County]], located on the [[Pacific Ocean]] {{convert|8|mi|km}} north of the [[Arcata-Eureka Airport]] and {{convert|15|mi|km}} north of the college town of [[Arcata, California|Arcata]]. Trinidad is noted for its coastline with ten public beaches and offshore rocks, part of the [[California Coastal National Monument]], of which Trinidad is a Gateway City.<ref name="BLM">{{cite web | author = Bureau of Land Management | title = Trinidad Gateway | work = Monument Brochures | url = http://www.blm.gov/ca/st/en/prog/blm_special_areas/nm/ccnm/ccnm_brochures.html | access-date = December 3, 2012 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121013013025/http://www.blm.gov/ca/st/en/prog/blm_special_areas/nm/ccnm/ccnm_brochures.html | archive-date = October 13, 2012 }}</ref> Fishing operations related to Trinidad Harbor are vital to both local tourism and commercial fishery interests in the region. Situated at an elevation of {{convert|174|ft|m}} above its own [[North Coast (California)|North Coast]] harbor, Trinidad is one of [[California]]'s smallest incorporated cities<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2003/oct/27/local/me-trinidad27|title=Town Is on Brink Over Trail at Sea's Edge|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=October 27, 2003|first=Hank |last=Sims}}</ref> by population (367 residents in 2010, up from 311 residents in 2000).
'''Trinidad''' ([[Spanish language|Spanish]] for "Trinity"; [[Yurok language|Yurok]]: ''Chuerey'') is a seaside city in [[Humboldt County, California|Humboldt County]], located on the [[Pacific Ocean]] {{convert|8|mi|km}} north of the [[Arcata-Eureka Airport]] and {{convert|15|mi|km}} north of the college town of [[Arcata, California|Arcata]]. Trinidad is noted for its coastline, with ten public beaches and offshore rocks, part of the [[California Coastal National Monument]], of which Trinidad is a "Gateway City."<ref name="BLM">{{cite web | author = Bureau of Land Management | title = Trinidad Gateway | work = Monument Brochures | url = http://www.blm.gov/ca/st/en/prog/blm_special_areas/nm/ccnm/ccnm_brochures.html | access-date = December 3, 2012 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121013013025/http://www.blm.gov/ca/st/en/prog/blm_special_areas/nm/ccnm/ccnm_brochures.html | archive-date = October 13, 2012 }}</ref> [[Fishing]] operations related to Trinidad Harbor are vital to both local [[tourism]] and [[commercial fishing]] interests in the region. Situated at an elevation of {{convert|174|ft|m}} above its own [[North Coast (California)|North Coast]] harbor, Trinidad is one of [[California]]'s smallest incorporated cities<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-oct-27-me-trinidad27-story.html|title=Town Is on Brink Over Trail at Sea's Edge|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=October 27, 2003|first=Hank |last=Sims}}</ref> by population, with 367 residents in 2010, up from 311 residents in 2000.


==History==
==History==
[[File:Trinidad School in 1913.jpeg|left|thumb|Trinidad School built in early 1870s and used until 1914. From Boyle Collection, [http://library.humboldt.edu/humco/index.html Humboldt State University Library]]]
[[File:Trinidad School in 1913.jpeg|left|thumb|Trinidad School on January&nbsp;2,&nbsp;1913. It was built in the early 1870s and used until 1914. (From Boyle Collection, [http://library.humboldt.edu/humco/index.html Humboldt State University Library])]]
Before 1700 AD, [[Yurok]] people established the village of [[Tsurau, California|Tsurai]] on bluffs overlooking Trinidad Bay. The first European sighting of Trinidad Harbor was by the [[Manila galleon]] captain [[Sebastian Rodriguez Cermeño]], who did not make landfall. The next visit was by [[Bruno de Heceta]] and [[Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra]]
The [[Yurok]] people established the village of [[Tsurau, California|Tsurai]] on bluffs overlooking Trinidad Bay in prehistoric times. They occupied the village for thousands of years before vacating it in 1916.<ref name=oldindian>{{cite web |url=https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/ListedResources/Detail/838 |title=OLD INDIAN VILLAGE OF TSURAI |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=ohp.parks.ca.gov |publisher=[[Government of California]] |access-date= March 16, 2024}}</ref>

⚫
of the [[Spanish Navy]]. Their two ships anchored in Trinidad Bay on June 9, 1775. On 11 June, which was [[Trinity Sunday]], a formal act of possession was conducted.<ref>{{cite book
The first [[White people|European]] sighting of Trinidad Harbor was in 1595 by the [[Manila galleon]] [[Sea captain|captain]] [[Sebastian Rodriguez Cermeño]], who did not make landfall. The next European visit was by [[Bruno de Heceta]] and [[Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra]]
⚫
of the [[Spanish Navy]]. Their two ships anchored in Trinidad Bay on June 9, 1775. On June 11, 1775, which was [[Trinity Sunday]], Heceta and his men conducted a formal act of possession, claiming the bay for [[King of Spain|King]] [[Charles III of Spain|Charles III]] of [[Spain]].<ref>{{cite book
|last= Tovell |first= Freeman M.|title= At the Far Reaches of Empire: The Life of Juan Francisco De La Bodega Y Quadra
|last= Tovell |first= Freeman M.|title= At the Far Reaches of Empire: The Life of Juan Francisco De La Bodega Y Quadra
|publisher= University of British Columbia Press|year= 2008|isbn= 978-0-7748-1367-9|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=E8_LXicsIlEC |pages= 22–23| access-date = December 3, 2012}}</ref> At the place where a wooden cross was erected stands a carved stone cross bearing the inscription, "Carolus III Dei G. Hyspaniorum Rex" ("in the name of King Carlos of Spain").<ref>{{cite book |last= Tovell |first= Freeman M. |title= At the Far Reaches of Empire: The Life of Juan Francisco De La Bodega Y Quadra |publisher= University of British Columbia Press |year= 2008 |isbn= 978-0-7748-1367-9 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=E8_LXicsIlEC |pages= 22–23}}</ref> The area was named "La Santisima Trinidad."
|publisher= University of British Columbia Press|year= 2008|isbn= 978-0-7748-1367-9|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=E8_LXicsIlEC |pages= 22–23| access-date = December 3, 2012}}</ref> At the place where they erected a wooden [[Christian cross]], a carved [[granite]] cross bearing the inscription ''Carolus III Dei G. Hyspaniorum Rex'' ("In the name of King Charles of Spain") was installed in 1913.<ref>{{cite book |last= Tovell |first= Freeman M. |title= At the Far Reaches of Empire: The Life of Juan Francisco De La Bodega Y Quadra |publisher= University of British Columbia Press |year= 2008 |isbn= 978-0-7748-1367-9 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=E8_LXicsIlEC |pages= 22–23}}</ref><ref name="Obama 2017/01/12">{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/12/presidential-proclamation-boundary-enlargement-california-coastal|title=Presidential Proclamation -- Boundary Enlargement of the California Coastal National Monument|date=January 12, 2017|website=Obamawhitehouse.archives.ogov|access-date=November 1, 2017}}</ref> The Spaniards named the area "''La Santisima Trinidad''" ("The Most Holy Trinity"). Heceta and Bodega were the first Europeans to locate and describe the village of Tsurai.<ref name=oldindian/>

The area was under the control of the [[Kingdom of Spain]] until [[Mexico]]'s independence in 1821, when it became part of Mexico. The [[Russian-American Company]] started using Trinidad Bay as a base for [[sea otter]] hunting around 1806. They considered a permanent outpost there but instead established [[Fort Ross, California|Fort Ross]] near [[Bodega Bay]] in 1812.<ref>{{cite book |last= Owens |first= Kenneth N. |title= Empire Maker: Aleksandr Baranov and Russian Colonial Expansion into Alaska and Northern California |date= 2015 |publisher= University of Washington Press |isbn= 0295805838 |pages= 211–231 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Xb_XCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA211 |access-date= 1 September 2024}}</ref> The [[United States]] conquered [[California]] during the [[Mexican-American War]] in 1846, and California became a [[State (United States)|U.S. state]] in 1850. American settlers arrived in Trinidad Bay on the ship ''James R. Whitting'' in 1850 and founded the town, renamed Warnersville in honor of R. V. Warner, one of the settlers.<ref name=CGN /> The first [[post office]] opened in Trinidad in 1851.<ref name=CGN>{{California's Geographic Names|159}}</ref>

⚫
Trinidad was the original [[county seat]] of the eponymous [[Trinity County, California|Trinity County]] from 1850 to 1851, and of [[Klamath County, California|Klamath County]], one of California's original counties, from 1851 to 1854. In 1854 Trinidad became part of the newly created Humboldt County after its creation in 1853 with its county seat in [[Eureka, California|Eureka]]. Klamath County was finally dissolved in 1874.

⚫
During the [[American Civil War]] (1861–1865), California volunteers fighting the local [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] in the [[Bald Hills War]] were stationed at Camp Trinidad in Trinidad beginning in July&nbsp;1863 to protect both the town and the coast road from Native American raids. In October&nbsp;1863 they were moved {{convert|4|mi}} north to Camp Gilmore.<ref>[http://www.militarymuseum.org/TrinidadCamp.html Historic California Posts:Trinidad Camp], The California State Military Museum, accessed December 3, 2012</ref>

Trinidad was [[Municipal corporation|incorporated]] on November&nbsp;7,&nbsp;1870,<ref name=citiesbyincorp/> as a city of the [[State of California]].<ref>City of Trinidad Website https://trinidad.ca.gov accessed December 3, 2012</ref>


On December 31, 1914, the largest recorded [[ocean wave]] ever to hit the [[West Coast of the United States|United States West Coast]] struck [[Trinidad Head]], a rocky [[promontory]] surrounded by sea [[Stack (geology)|stacks]] sheltering Trinidad Harbor. At 4:40 p.m. local time, [[United States Lighthouse Service]] [[lighthouse keeper]] Captain Fred L. Harrington at [[Trinidad Head Light]] observed a huge wave {{convert|200|yd}} offshore approaching the bluff on which the [[lighthouse]] stood. He reported that the wave, which appeared to him to reach the height of the lighthouse's lantern {{convert|196|ft}} above [[sea level]], washed completely over {{convert|93|ft|m|adj=mid|-tall}} Pilot Rock offshore, then broke over the top of the {{convert|175|ft|m|adj=mid|-tall}} bluff, submerging the area between the lighthouse and the bluff, with water reaching the lighthouse's balcony. His report that the wave crested at a height equal to that of the lantern and that water reached the balcony suggests a possible wave height of {{convert|200|ft}}. The wave's impact shook the lighthouse and extinguished its light, although Harrington restored service in four hours.<ref>[https://briantissot.com/2014/12/31/the-giant-200-foot-wave-at-trinidad-california/ "The Giant 200-Foot Wave at Trinidad, California"], 'Dr Abalone', December 31, 2014</ref><ref name="TrinidadHeadWave1913">{{cite news |title=Marine Exchange Shipping News |work=The San Francisco Examiner |issue=Coast News Notes, Eureka, page 17, column 5 |publisher=The San Francisco Examiner newspaper |date=January 9, 1914 |ref=SFExaminerTrinidadHeadWave1913 |page=17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Trinidad Head Lighthouse Trinidad California Landmark|url = http://www.trinidadcalif.com/trinidad-lighthouse.html|website = www.trinidadcalif.com|access-date = November 4, 2015|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150910113513/http://www.trinidadcalif.com/trinidad-lighthouse.html|archive-date = September 10, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Fradkin">{{cite book | last =Fradkin | first =Philip L. | title =The seven states of California: a natural and human history | publisher =University of California Press | date =May 12, 1997 | location =Berkeley, California | pages =474 | isbn = 978-0520209428}}</ref><ref name="HCCV">{{cite web | title =Trinidad Head Light | work =Lighthouses of Humboldt County | publisher =Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau | url =http://redwoods.info/showrecord.asp?id=3766 | access-date = March 25, 2012 }}</ref>
Settlers arrived on the ''James R. Whitting'' in 1850 and founded the town, renamed Warnersville in honor of R.V. Warner, one of the settlers.<ref name=CGN /> The first post office opened in Trinidad in 1851.<ref name=CGN>{{California's Geographic Names|159}}</ref>


⚫
A California Sea Products Company [[whaling]] station operated in Trinidad from 1920 to 1926. During its operations, 1,140 whales were killed and processed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trinidad Whaling Station Trip (1926) |url=https://www.sdnhm.org/about-us/history/trinidad/#:~:text=The%20Trinidad%20whaling%20station%20operated,one%20Gray%20and%20several%20Finbacks. |website=San Diego Natural History Museum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shore Whaling at Trinidad, California in the 1920s. |url=https://briantissot.com/2016/01/15/shore-whaling-at-trinidad-california-in-the-1920s/ |access-date=February 23, 2023 |website=Briantissot.con}}</ref>
⚫
Trinidad was the original [[county seat]] of the eponymous [[Trinity County, California|Trinity County]] from 1850 to 1851, and of [[Klamath County, California|Klamath County]], one of California's original counties, from 1851 to 1854. At that time Trinidad became part of the newly created Humboldt County after its creation in 1853, with its county seat in [[Eureka, California|Eureka]]. Klamath County was finally dissolved in 1874.


⚫
Trinidad resident Henry A. Boyes was a [[United States Marine Corps]] [[First sergeant#United States Marine Corps|first sergeant]] with the [[5th Marine Regiment (United States)|5th Marine Regiment]] during [[World War II]] (1941–1945). His service was described by [[Eugene Sledge]] in the 1981 book ''[[With the Old Breed|With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa]]''.<ref>Sledge, Eugene, With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa, 1981, Presidio Press, Novato, California, {{OCLC|12197607}}, p. 213</ref>
⚫
During the [[American Civil War]], from July to October 1863, California volunteers fighting the local Indians in the [[Bald Hills War]] were stationed in the town, in Trinidad Camp, to protect it and the coast road from Indian raids, until they were moved four miles north to Camp Gilmore.<ref>[http://www.militarymuseum.org/TrinidadCamp.html Historic California Posts:Trinidad Camp], The California State Military Museum, accessed 3 December 2012</ref> Trinidad was incorporated in 1870 as a City of the [[State of California]], USA.<ref>City of Trinidad Website https://trinidad.ca.gov accessed 3 December 2012</ref>


A portion of Trinidad Head totaling {{convert|46|acre|abbr=off}} was transferred to the City of Trinidad in 1983 with the condition that the property be maintained for public recreation. The southern {{convert|13|acre|abbr=off}} of the promontory, including Trinidad Head Light, remained under [[United States Coast Guard]] ownership until 2014, when the Coast Guard transferred it to the [[United States Department of the Interior]]'s [[Bureau of Land Management]]. The city rezoned its portion of the promontory as "open space," and in 1984 it opened a trail running around Trinidad Head.<ref name="TS 2015-04-11">{{Cite news|last=Faulkner|first=Jessie|date=April 11, 2015|title=Feds seek input on managing Trinidad Head lighthouse|url=https://www.times-standard.com/general-news/20150411/feds-seek-input-on-managing-trinidad-head-lighthouse|access-date=June 26, 2021|work=Times-Standard|language=en-US}}</ref>
⚫
A whaling station owned by the California Sea Products Company operated in Trinidad from 1920 to 1926. 1140 whales were killed and processed in that time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trinidad Whaling Station Trip (1926) |url=https://www.sdnhm.org/about-us/history/trinidad/#:~:text=The%20Trinidad%20whaling%20station%20operated,one%20Gray%20and%20several%20Finbacks. |website=San Diego Natural History Museum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shore Whaling at Trinidad, California in the 1920s. |url=https://briantissot.com/2016/01/15/shore-whaling-at-trinidad-california-in-the-1920s/ |access-date=Febuary 23, 2023 |website=Briantissot.con}}</ref>


In January 2017, the [[United States Congress]] added the Bureau of Land Management's portion of Trinidad Head to the onshore area of the [[California Coastal National Monument]].<ref name="Obama 2017/01/12"/> [[President of the United States|President]] [[Barack Obama]] used his executive power under the [[1906 Antiquities Act]] to designate the Bureau of Land Management's portion of Trinidad Head as a unit of the [[National monument (United States)|National Monument]].<ref name="LAT 2017-01-12">{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-coastal-national-monument-20170112-story.html|title=Obama adds six sites to California Coastal National Monument|first=Bettina|last=Boxall|date=January 12, 2017|access-date=November 1, 2017|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref>
⚫
Trinidad resident Henry A. Boyes was a [[First sergeant#United States Marine Corps|first sergeant]] with the [[5th Marine Regiment (United States)|5th Marines]] in [[World War II]]; his service was described by [[Eugene Sledge]] in the book, ''[[With the Old Breed|With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa]]''.<ref>Sledge, Eugene, With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa, 1981, Presidio Press, Novato, California, {{OCLC|12197607}}, p. 213</ref>


== Geography ==
== Geography ==


=== Climate ===
=== Climate ===
Trinidad has an [[oceanic climate]], bordering on a warm-summer [[Mediterranean climate]] (csb) and is relatively temperate compared with inland areas.<ref name="Hum Co">{{cite web
Trinidad has an [[oceanic climate]], bordering on a warm-summer [[Mediterranean climate]] (csb), and is relatively temperate compared with inland areas.<ref name="Hum Co">{{cite web
| title =About Humboldt County: Geography | publisher =Humboldt County, California
| title =About Humboldt County: Geography | publisher =Humboldt County, California
| url =http://co.humboldt.ca.us/portal/about.asp | access-date = May 25, 2011 }}</ref> Annual temperatures range from approximately {{convert|37.1|to|74.2|°F|°C}}. Winter months are rainy with the average amount being around {{convert|50.|in|cm}},<ref name="City Data">{{cite web
| url =http://co.humboldt.ca.us/portal/about.asp | access-date = May 25, 2011 }}</ref> Annual temperatures range from approximately {{convert|37.1|to|74.2|°F|°C}}. Winter months are rainy with the average amount being around {{convert|50.|in|cm}},<ref name="City Data">{{cite web
| title =Trinidad, California | work =City Data | publisher =City Data website
| title =Trinidad, California | work =City Data | publisher =City Data website
| url =http://www.city-data.com/city/Trinidad-California.html
| url =http://www.city-data.com/city/Trinidad-California.html
| access-date = May 25, 2011 }}</ref> Although rain falls in all months of the year, it is less pronounced in the summertime.<ref name="Hum Co" /> Spring and fall cold fronts often form [[advection fog]] which pushes the [[marine layer]] towards the coast. In summer, low pressure troughs produced by intense heating inland can create strong pressure gradients pulling the [[marine layer]] ashore.<ref name="Hum Co" /> Summer [[fog]]s, moderate precipitation, and mild temperatures are characteristic of [[Northern California coastal forests ecoregion]] and are vital to the growth of local [[Sequoia sempervirens|Coast Redwood]].<ref name="Jebens">{{cite web | last =Jebens | first =Brandon | title =The Biogeography of Sequoia sempervirens | work =Student Paper, Geography 316: Biogeography | publisher =San Francisco State University Department of Geography | date =Fall 1999 | url =http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/Fall99Projects/redwood.htm | access-date =May 25, 2011 | url-status =dead | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110411105244/http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/Fall99Projects/redwood.htm | archive-date =April 11, 2011 | df =mdy-all }}</ref> Protected stands of [[old growth]] redwoods can be visited {{convert|20.|mi|km}} north of Trinidad, in [[Redwood National and State Parks]].
| access-date = May 25, 2011 }}</ref> Although rain falls in all months of the year, it is less pronounced in the summertime.<ref name="Hum Co" /> Spring and fall cold fronts often form [[advection fog]] which pushes the [[marine layer]] towards the coast. In summer, low-pressure troughs produced by intense heating inland can create strong pressure gradients pulling the [[marine layer]] ashore.<ref name="Hum Co" /> Summer [[fog]]s, moderate precipitation and mild temperatures are characteristic of [[Northern California coastal forests ecoregion]] and are vital to the growth of local [[Sequoia sempervirens|Coast Redwood]].<ref name="Jebens">{{cite web | last =Jebens | first =Brandon | title =The Biogeography of Sequoia sempervirens | work =Student Paper, Geography 316: Biogeography | publisher =San Francisco State University Department of Geography | date =Fall 1999 | url =http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/Fall99Projects/redwood.htm | access-date =May 25, 2011 | url-status =dead | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110411105244/http://bss.sfsu.edu/holzman/courses/Fall99Projects/redwood.htm | archive-date =April 11, 2011 | df =mdy-all }}</ref> Protected stands of [[old growth]] redwoods can be visited {{convert|20.|mi|km}} north of Trinidad, in [[Redwood National and State Parks]].


{{Weather box|location = Trinidad, California
{{Weather box|location = Trinidad, California
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| Dec snow days = 0.3
| Dec snow days = 0.3
| year snow days =
| year snow days =
|source = <ref name=bestplaces.net>{{cite web |url =https://www.bestplaces.net/climate/city/california/trinidad |title = Trinidad, California |access-date = 19 July 2020}}</ref>
|source = <ref name=bestplaces.net>{{cite web |url =https://www.bestplaces.net/climate/city/california/trinidad |title = Trinidad, California |access-date = July 19, 2020}}</ref>
}}
}}


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|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
}}
[[File:Trinidad CA in 2008.jpg|thumb|250px|Trinidad in 2008]]
[[File:Trinidad CA in 2008.jpg|thumb|250px|Trinidad seen from [[Trinidad Head]] on May&nbsp;8,&nbsp;2008.]]


===2010 Census data===
===2010 Census data===
Line 228: Line 235:


===2000 Census data===
===2000 Census data===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 311 people, 168 households, and 73 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|643.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 228 housing units at an average density of {{convert|471.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.86% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 1.61% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.32% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.64% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.32% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.32% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.93% from two or more races. 2.25% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. There were 168 households, out of which 12.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 56.5% were non-families. 40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.85 and the average family size was 2.51.
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 311 people, 168 households, and 73 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|643.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 228 housing units at an average density of {{convert|471.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.86% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 1.61% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.32% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.64% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.32% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.32% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.93% from two or more races. 2.25% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. There were 168 households, out of which 12.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 56.5% were non-families. 40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.85 and the average family size was 2.51.


In the city, the population dispersal was 11.3% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 21.9% from 25 to 44, 41.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males. The median [[income]] for a household in the city was $40,000, and the median income for a family was $50,357. Males had a median income of $39,583 versus $31,167 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $28,050. About 2.3% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 6.7% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
In the city, the population dispersal was 11.3% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 21.9% from 25 to 44, 41.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males. The median [[income]] for a household in the city was $40,000, and the median income for a family was $50,357. Males had a median income of $39,583 versus $31,167 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $28,050. About 2.3% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 6.7% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.


==Politics==
==Politics==
In the [[California State Legislature|state legislature]], Trinidad is in {{Representative|casd|2|fmt=sdistrict}},<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://senate.ca.gov/senators |title=Senators |access-date=March 10, 2013 |publisher=State of California}}</ref> and {{Representative|caad|2|fmt=adistrict}}.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://assembly.ca.gov/assemblymembers |title=Members Assembly |access-date=2 March 2013 |publisher=State of California}}</ref>
In the [[California State Legislature|state legislature]], Trinidad is in {{Representative|casd|2|fmt=sdistrict}},<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://senate.ca.gov/senators |title=Senators |access-date=March 10, 2013 |publisher=State of California}}</ref> and {{Representative|caad|2|fmt=adistrict}}.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://assembly.ca.gov/assemblymembers |title=Members Assembly |access-date=March 2, 2013 |publisher=State of California}}</ref>


Federally, Trinidad is in {{Representative|cacd|2|fmt=district}}.<ref>{{Cite GovTrack|CA|2|access-date=March 1, 2013}}</ref>
Federally, Trinidad is in {{Representative|cacd|2|fmt=district}}.<ref>{{Cite GovTrack|CA|2|access-date=March 1, 2013}}</ref>


==Points of interest==
==Points of interest==
[[File:Trinidad-ca-state-beach.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Trinidad State Beach]], near Trinidad]]
[[File:Trinidad-ca-state-beach.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Trinidad State Beach]], Pewetole Island, and [[Trinidad Head]] from College Cove Bluffs near Trinidad in&nbsp;2007.]]-
'''State parks'''
'''State parks'''
*[[Little River State Beach]]
*[[Little River State Beach]]
Line 251: Line 258:
*Trinidad Pier
*Trinidad Pier
*Strawberry Rock
*Strawberry Rock
*Fred Telonicher Marine Laboratory, [[Humboldt State University]]
*Fred Telonicher Marine Laboratory, [[Humboldt State University|Cal Poly Humboldt]]
*Trinidad City Cemetery includes Indian and settler graves and one unusual tombstone. [[File:Trinidad CA Murdered by Capitalism.jpg|thumb|100px|Edward Bernhardt Schnaubelt's tombstone in the Trinidad Cemetery]] Edward Bernhardt Schnaubelt was the brother of Rudolph Schnaubelt, accused of the [[Haymarket riot|Haymarket Riot]] bombing in [[Chicago, Illinois]] and the brother-in-law of [[Michael Schwab]], sentenced to death for his role in the riot. All three Schnaubelt brothers left Chicago shortly after the riot. Edward Schnaubelt briefly panned for gold before settling in Trinidad, opening a sawmill and buying a tract of timber to supply his mill. After Schnaubelt's mill was taken over by his rivals, he re-entered the closed mill at night to reclaim his personal tools, and was shot to death by a nightwatchman hired to protect the property. His wife chose the phrase "Murdered by Capitalism" for his marker which inspired the 2004 book by John Ross.<ref>{{cite book | last =Ross | first =John | title =Murdered by capitalism: a memoir of 150 years of life and death on the American left | publisher =Avalon Publishing Group | date =June 2004 | pages =400 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=138oIBg_MikC | isbn=978-1-56025-578-9 | access-date = December 3, 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Trinidad CA Murdered by Capitalism.jpg|thumb|100px|Edward Bernhardt {{nowrap|Schnaubelt's}} tombstone in the {{nowrap|Trinidad Cemetery}} {{nowrap|on April&nbsp;20,&nbsp;2011.}}]]
*Trinidad City Cemetery includes Indian and settler graves and one unusual tombstone. Edward Bernhardt Schnaubelt was the brother of Rudolph Schnaubelt, accused of the [[Haymarket riot|Haymarket Riot]] bombing in [[Chicago, Illinois]] and the brother-in-law of [[Michael Schwab]], sentenced to death for his role in the riot. All three Schnaubelt brothers left Chicago shortly after the riot. Edward Schnaubelt briefly panned for gold before settling in Trinidad, opening a sawmill and buying a tract of timber to supply his mill. After Schnaubelt's mill was taken over by his rivals, he re-entered the closed mill at night to reclaim his personal tools and was shot to death by a nightwatchman hired to protect the property. His wife chose the phrase "Murdered by Capitalism" for his marker which inspired the 2004 book by John Ross.<ref>{{cite book | last =Ross | first =John | title =Murdered by capitalism: a memoir of 150 years of life and death on the American left | publisher =Avalon Publishing Group | date =June 2004 | pages =400 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=138oIBg_MikC | isbn=978-1-56025-578-9 | access-date = December 3, 2012}}</ref>


==Events==
==Events==
Line 261: Line 269:


==Notable residents==
==Notable residents==
*[[Robert Durst]], real estate scion and suspected serial killer, former Trinidad homeowner
*[[Robert Durst]] (1943–2022), real estate scion and suspected serial killer, former Trinidad homeowner
*[[Michael John Fles]], poet and musician
*[[Michael John Fles]] (b. 1936), poet and musician
*[[Victor Golla]], linguist, expert on the indigenous languages of California and Oregon
*[[Victor Golla]] (1939–2021), linguist, expert on the indigenous languages of California and Oregon
*[[Howard B. Keck]], businessman
*[[Howard B. Keck]] (1913–1996), businessman
*[[Tim McKay]], environmental activist
*[[Tim McKay]] (1947–2006), environmental activist
*[[Thomas Pynchon]], author, lived in Trinidad during 1976{{ndash}}77<ref>{{cite news |last=Kachka |first=Boris |date=August 25, 2013 |title=On the Thomas Pynchon Trail: From the Long Island of His Boyhood to the 'Yupper West Side' of His New Novel |url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/08/thomas-pynchon-bleeding-edge.html |magazine=New York magazine |access-date=May 18, 2015}}</ref>
*[[Thomas Pynchon]] (b. 1937), author who lived in Trinidad from 1976 to 1977<ref>{{cite news |last=Kachka |first=Boris |date=August 25, 2013 |title=On the Thomas Pynchon Trail: From the Long Island of His Boyhood to the 'Yupper West Side' of His New Novel |url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/08/thomas-pynchon-bleeding-edge.html |magazine=New York magazine |access-date=May 18, 2015}}</ref>
*[[Don Van Vliet]] aka Captain Beefheart, musician and painter
*Don Van Vliet (1941–2010), musician and painter known as [[Captain Beefheart]],
*[[Al Vermeer]], cartoonist, creator of comic strip ''[[Priscilla's Pop]]''<ref>{{cite news|title=Cartoonist Al Vermeer dies following stroke|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/california/eureka/eureka-times-standard/1980/11-28/page-2|access-date=2017-01-24|work=[[Eureka Times-Standard]]|date=1980-11-28}}</ref>
*[[Al Vermeer]] (1911–1980), cartoonist, creator of comic strip ''[[Priscilla's Pop]]''<ref>{{cite news|title=Cartoonist Al Vermeer dies following stroke|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/california/eureka/eureka-times-standard/1980/11-28/page-2|access-date=January 24, 2017|work=[[Eureka Times-Standard]]|date=November 28, 1980}}</ref>


==In popular culture==
==In popular culture==
Part of the auto wreck scene in ''[[The Majestic (film)|The Majestic]]'' was shot at College Cove Beach on 19 March 2001.<ref>[http://www.filminamerica.com/Movies/TheMajestic Film in America, The Majestic accessed 3 December 2012] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513082245/http://www.filminamerica.com/Movies/TheMajestic/ |date=May 13, 2012 }}</ref>
Part of the auto wreck scene in the 2001 film ''[[The Majestic (film)|The Majestic]]'' was shot at College Cove Beach on March&nbsp;19,&nbsp;2001.<ref>[http://www.filminamerica.com/Movies/TheMajestic Film in America, The Majestic accessed 3 December 2012] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513082245/http://www.filminamerica.com/Movies/TheMajestic/ |date=May 13, 2012 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 278: Line 286:
==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|Trinidad, California}}
{{commons category|Trinidad, California}}
'''Government and Public Community Information'''
'''Government and public community information'''
*{{Official website}}
*{{Official website}}
*[https://www.exploretrinidadca.com Greater Trinidad Chamber of Commerce official website]
*[https://www.exploretrinidadca.com Greater Trinidad Chamber of Commerce official website]
Line 285: Line 293:
*[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/eka/ NOAA: local radar and weather]
*[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/eka/ NOAA: local radar and weather]


'''Individual and Private Community Information'''
'''Individual and private community information'''
*[https://trinidad.jimpopenoe.net/ Let's Explore Trinidad, California!]
*[https://trinidad.jimpopenoe.net/ Let's Explore Trinidad, California!]
*[http://trinidadbay.net/ A Photographic History of Trinidad, California]
*[http://trinidadbay.net/ A Photographic History of Trinidad, California]

Latest revision as of 00:05, 11 October 2024

Trinidad, California
City
A view of Trinidad from a trail on nearby Trinidad Head on May 27, 2006.
A view of Trinidad from a trail on nearby Trinidad Head on May 27, 2006.
Location in Humboldt County and the state of California
Location in Humboldt County and the state of California
A 2007 view of the coastline south of Trinidad overlooking Trinidad Bay with offshore rocks; part of the California Coastal National Monument.
A 2007 view of the coastline south of Trinidad overlooking Trinidad Bay with offshore rocks; part of the California Coastal National Monument.
Trinidad is located in Northern California
Trinidad
Trinidad
Location in the United States
Trinidad is located in California
Trinidad
Trinidad
Trinidad (California)
Trinidad is located in the United States
Trinidad
Trinidad
Trinidad (the United States)
Coordinates: 41°03′33″N 124°08′35″W / 41.05917°N 124.14306°W / 41.05917; -124.14306
Country United States
State California
CountyHumboldt
IncorporatedNovember 7, 1870[1]
Government
 • TypeCouncil-Manager Government
Area
[2]
 • Total
0.67 sq mi (1.74 km2)
 • Land0.48 sq mi (1.26 km2)
 • Water0.19 sq mi (0.48 km2)  27.75%
Elevation
[3]
174 ft (53 m)
Population
 (2020)[4]
 • Total
307
 • Density731.96/sq mi (282.68/km2)
Time zoneUTC-8 (Pacific (PST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP code
95570
Area code707
FIPS code06-80448
GNIS feature IDs1660029, 2412093
Websitetrinidad.ca.gov
Reference no.216[5]

Trinidad (Spanish for "Trinity"; Yurok: Chuerey) is a seaside city in Humboldt County, located on the Pacific Ocean 8 miles (13 km) north of the Arcata-Eureka Airport and 15 miles (24 km) north of the college town of Arcata. Trinidad is noted for its coastline, with ten public beaches and offshore rocks, part of the California Coastal National Monument, of which Trinidad is a "Gateway City."[6] Fishing operations related to Trinidad Harbor are vital to both local tourism and commercial fishing interests in the region. Situated at an elevation of 174 feet (53 m) above its own North Coast harbor, Trinidad is one of California's smallest incorporated cities[7] by population, with 367 residents in 2010, up from 311 residents in 2000.

History

[edit]
Trinidad School on January 2, 1913. It was built in the early 1870s and used until 1914. (From Boyle Collection, Humboldt State University Library)

The Yurok people established the village of Tsurai on bluffs overlooking Trinidad Bay in prehistoric times. They occupied the village for thousands of years before vacating it in 1916.[8]

The first European sighting of Trinidad Harbor was in 1595 by the Manila galleon captain Sebastian Rodriguez Cermeño, who did not make landfall. The next European visit was by Bruno de Heceta and Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra of the Spanish Navy. Their two ships anchored in Trinidad Bay on June 9, 1775. On June 11, 1775, which was Trinity Sunday, Heceta and his men conducted a formal act of possession, claiming the bay for King Charles III of Spain.[9] At the place where they erected a wooden Christian cross, a carved granite cross bearing the inscription Carolus III Dei G. Hyspaniorum Rex ("In the name of King Charles of Spain") was installed in 1913.[10][11] The Spaniards named the area "La Santisima Trinidad" ("The Most Holy Trinity"). Heceta and Bodega were the first Europeans to locate and describe the village of Tsurai.[8]

The area was under the control of the Kingdom of Spain until Mexico's independence in 1821, when it became part of Mexico. The Russian-American Company started using Trinidad Bay as a base for sea otter hunting around 1806. They considered a permanent outpost there but instead established Fort Ross near Bodega Bay in 1812.[12] The United States conquered California during the Mexican-American War in 1846, and California became a U.S. state in 1850. American settlers arrived in Trinidad Bay on the ship James R. Whitting in 1850 and founded the town, renamed Warnersville in honor of R. V. Warner, one of the settlers.[13] The first post office opened in Trinidad in 1851.[13]

Trinidad was the original county seat of the eponymous Trinity County from 1850 to 1851, and of Klamath County, one of California's original counties, from 1851 to 1854. In 1854 Trinidad became part of the newly created Humboldt County after its creation in 1853 with its county seat in Eureka. Klamath County was finally dissolved in 1874.

During the American Civil War (1861–1865), California volunteers fighting the local Native Americans in the Bald Hills War were stationed at Camp Trinidad in Trinidad beginning in July 1863 to protect both the town and the coast road from Native American raids. In October 1863 they were moved 4 miles (6.4 km) north to Camp Gilmore.[14]

Trinidad was incorporated on November 7, 1870,[1] as a city of the State of California.[15]

On December 31, 1914, the largest recorded ocean wave ever to hit the United States West Coast struck Trinidad Head, a rocky promontory surrounded by sea stacks sheltering Trinidad Harbor. At 4:40 p.m. local time, United States Lighthouse Service lighthouse keeper Captain Fred L. Harrington at Trinidad Head Light observed a huge wave 200 yards (180 m) offshore approaching the bluff on which the lighthouse stood. He reported that the wave, which appeared to him to reach the height of the lighthouse's lantern 196 feet (60 m) above sea level, washed completely over 93-foot-tall (28 m) Pilot Rock offshore, then broke over the top of the 175-foot-tall (53 m) bluff, submerging the area between the lighthouse and the bluff, with water reaching the lighthouse's balcony. His report that the wave crested at a height equal to that of the lantern and that water reached the balcony suggests a possible wave height of 200 feet (61 m). The wave's impact shook the lighthouse and extinguished its light, although Harrington restored service in four hours.[16][17][18][19][20]

A California Sea Products Company whaling station operated in Trinidad from 1920 to 1926. During its operations, 1,140 whales were killed and processed.[21][22]

Trinidad resident Henry A. Boyes was a United States Marine Corps first sergeant with the 5th Marine Regiment during World War II (1941–1945). His service was described by Eugene Sledge in the 1981 book With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa.[23]

A portion of Trinidad Head totaling 46 acres (19 hectares) was transferred to the City of Trinidad in 1983 with the condition that the property be maintained for public recreation. The southern 13 acres (5.3 hectares) of the promontory, including Trinidad Head Light, remained under United States Coast Guard ownership until 2014, when the Coast Guard transferred it to the United States Department of the Interior's Bureau of Land Management. The city rezoned its portion of the promontory as "open space," and in 1984 it opened a trail running around Trinidad Head.[24]

In January 2017, the United States Congress added the Bureau of Land Management's portion of Trinidad Head to the onshore area of the California Coastal National Monument.[11] President Barack Obama used his executive power under the 1906 Antiquities Act to designate the Bureau of Land Management's portion of Trinidad Head as a unit of the National Monument.[25]

Geography

[edit]

Climate

[edit]

Trinidad has an oceanic climate, bordering on a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (csb), and is relatively temperate compared with inland areas.[26] Annual temperatures range from approximately 37.1 to 74.2 °F (2.8 to 23.4 °C). Winter months are rainy with the average amount being around 50 inches (130 cm),[27] Although rain falls in all months of the year, it is less pronounced in the summertime.[26] Spring and fall cold fronts often form advection fog which pushes the marine layer towards the coast. In summer, low-pressure troughs produced by intense heating inland can create strong pressure gradients pulling the marine layer ashore.[26] Summer fogs, moderate precipitation and mild temperatures are characteristic of Northern California coastal forests ecoregion and are vital to the growth of local Coast Redwood.[28] Protected stands of old growth redwoods can be visited 20 miles (32 km) north of Trinidad, in Redwood National and State Parks.

Climate data for Trinidad, California
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 53.6
(12.0) 		55.4
(13.0) 		58.0
(14.4) 		61.1
(16.2) 		65.3
(18.5) 		69.5
(20.8) 		73.7
(23.2) 		74.2
(23.4) 		72.5
(22.5) 		66.6
(19.2) 		57.3
(14.1) 		52.2
(11.2) 		63.3
(17.4)
Daily mean °F (°C) 45.4
(7.4) 		46.6
(8.1) 		48.4
(9.1) 		50.8
(10.4) 		54.7
(12.6) 		58.6
(14.8) 		62.1
(16.7) 		62.4
(16.9) 		59.7
(15.4) 		54.9
(12.7) 		48.8
(9.3) 		44.7
(7.1) 		53.1
(11.7)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 37.2
(2.9) 		37.7
(3.2) 		38.8
(3.8) 		40.4
(4.7) 		44.0
(6.7) 		47.6
(8.7) 		50.5
(10.3) 		50.4
(10.2) 		46.8
(8.2) 		43.1
(6.2) 		40.2
(4.6) 		37.1
(2.8) 		42.8
(6.0)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 9.3
(240) 		7.7
(200) 		7.2
(180) 		4.5
(110) 		2.8
(71) 		1.3
(33) 		0.3
(7.6) 		0.4
(10) 		0.9
(23) 		3.2
(81) 		7.6
(190) 		10.6
(270) 		55.8
(1,415.6)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 0.2
(0.51) 		0.6
(1.5) 		0.2
(0.51) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0.4
(1.0) 		1.4
(3.52)
Average rainy days 16.3 14.6 16.3 12.8 9.0 5.0 2.2 2.8 4.2 8.2 15.6 17.3 124.3
Average snowy days 0.2 0.3 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 1
Source: [29]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1880104—
1930107—
194094−12.1%
1950188100.0%
196028953.7%
19703003.8%
198037926.3%
1990362−4.5%
2000311−14.1%
201036718.0%
2019 (est.)355[30]−3.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[31]
Trinidad seen from Trinidad Head on May 8, 2008.

2010 Census data

[edit]

The 2010 United States Census[32] reported that Trinidad had a population of 367. The population density was 547.1 inhabitants per square mile (211.2/km2). The racial makeup of Trinidad was 331 (90.2%) White, 2 (0.5%) African American, 15 (4.1%) Native American, 2 (0.5%) Asian, 1 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 1 (0.3%) from other races, and 15 (4.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11 persons (3.0%).

The Census reported that 366 people (99.7% of the population) lived in households, 1 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized. There were 187 households, out of which 35 (18.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 64 (34.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 21 (11.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 3 (1.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 20 (10.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 3 (1.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 73 households (39.0%) were made up of individuals, and 28 (15.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.96. There were 88 families (47.1% of all households); the average family size was 2.64.

The population dispersal was 60 people (16.3%) under the age of 18, 25 people (6.8%) aged 18 to 24, 91 people (24.8%) aged 25 to 44, 120 people (32.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 71 people (19.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males. There were 252 housing units at an average density of 375.7 per square mile (145.1/km2), of which 187 were occupied, of which 113 (60.4%) were owner-occupied, and 74 (39.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 12.9%. 212 people (57.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 154 people (42.0%) lived in rental housing units.

2000 Census data

[edit]

As of the census[33] of 2000, there were 311 people, 168 households, and 73 families residing in the city. The population density was 643.0 inhabitants per square mile (248.3/km2). There were 228 housing units at an average density of 471.4 per square mile (182.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 94.86% White, 1.61% Black or African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.64% Asian, 0.32% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 1.93% from two or more races. 2.25% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 168 households, out of which 12.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 56.5% were non-families. 40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.85 and the average family size was 2.51.

In the city, the population dispersal was 11.3% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 21.9% from 25 to 44, 41.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males. The median income for a household in the city was $40,000, and the median income for a family was $50,357. Males had a median income of $39,583 versus $31,167 for females. The per capita income for the city was $28,050. About 2.3% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.7% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Politics

[edit]

In the state legislature, Trinidad is in the 2nd Senate District, represented by Democrat Mike McGuire,[34] and the 2nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Chris Rogers.[35]

Federally, Trinidad is in California's 2nd congressional district, represented by Democrat Jared Huffman.[36]

Points of interest

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Trinidad State Beach, Pewetole Island, and Trinidad Head from College Cove Bluffs near Trinidad in 2007.

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State parks

Historic landmarks

Other

Edward Bernhardt Schnaubelt's tombstone in the Trinidad Cemetery on April 20, 2011.
  • Trinidad City Cemetery includes Indian and settler graves and one unusual tombstone. Edward Bernhardt Schnaubelt was the brother of Rudolph Schnaubelt, accused of the Haymarket Riot bombing in Chicago, Illinois and the brother-in-law of Michael Schwab, sentenced to death for his role in the riot. All three Schnaubelt brothers left Chicago shortly after the riot. Edward Schnaubelt briefly panned for gold before settling in Trinidad, opening a sawmill and buying a tract of timber to supply his mill. After Schnaubelt's mill was taken over by his rivals, he re-entered the closed mill at night to reclaim his personal tools and was shot to death by a nightwatchman hired to protect the property. His wife chose the phrase "Murdered by Capitalism" for his marker which inspired the 2004 book by John Ross.[37]

Events

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  • Trinidad to Clam Beach Run (February)
  • Trinidad Fishermans Feast (October)
  • Tour of Trinidad bicycle rides, 100k, 45k,20k (September)
  • Blessing of the Fleet (November)

Notable residents

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Part of the auto wreck scene in the 2001 film The Majestic was shot at College Cove Beach on March 19, 2001.[40]

References

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  1. ^ a b "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on November 3, 2014. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
  2. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  3. ^ "Trinidad". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  4. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  5. ^ "Trinidad". Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks. Retrieved October 7, 2012.
  6. ^ Bureau of Land Management. "Trinidad Gateway". Monument Brochures. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
  7. ^ Sims, Hank (October 27, 2003). "Town Is on Brink Over Trail at Sea's Edge". Los Angeles Times.
  8. ^ a b "OLD INDIAN VILLAGE OF TSURAI". ohp.parks.ca.gov. Government of California. Retrieved March 16, 2024.
  9. ^ Tovell, Freeman M. (2008). At the Far Reaches of Empire: The Life of Juan Francisco De La Bodega Y Quadra. University of British Columbia Press. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-0-7748-1367-9. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
  10. ^ Tovell, Freeman M. (2008). At the Far Reaches of Empire: The Life of Juan Francisco De La Bodega Y Quadra. University of British Columbia Press. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-0-7748-1367-9.
  11. ^ a b "Presidential Proclamation -- Boundary Enlargement of the California Coastal National Monument". Obamawhitehouse.archives.ogov. January 12, 2017. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
  12. ^ Owens, Kenneth N. (2015). Empire Maker: Aleksandr Baranov and Russian Colonial Expansion into Alaska and Northern California. University of Washington Press. pp. 211–231. ISBN 0295805838. Retrieved September 1, 2024.
  13. ^ a b Durham, David L. (1998). California's Geographic Names: A Gazetteer of Historic and Modern Names of the State. Clovis, Calif.: Word Dancer Press. p. 159. ISBN 1-884995-14-4.
  14. ^ Historic California Posts:Trinidad Camp, The California State Military Museum, accessed December 3, 2012
  15. ^ City of Trinidad Website https://trinidad.ca.gov accessed December 3, 2012
  16. ^ "The Giant 200-Foot Wave at Trinidad, California", 'Dr Abalone', December 31, 2014
  17. ^ "Marine Exchange Shipping News". The San Francisco Examiner. No. Coast News Notes, Eureka, page 17, column 5. The San Francisco Examiner newspaper. January 9, 1914. p. 17.
  18. ^ "Trinidad Head Lighthouse Trinidad California Landmark". www.trinidadcalif.com. Archived from the original on September 10, 2015. Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  19. ^ Fradkin, Philip L. (May 12, 1997). The seven states of California: a natural and human history. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. p. 474. ISBN 978-0520209428.
  20. ^ "Trinidad Head Light". Lighthouses of Humboldt County. Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
  21. ^ "Trinidad Whaling Station Trip (1926)". San Diego Natural History Museum.
  22. ^ "Shore Whaling at Trinidad, California in the 1920s". Briantissot.con. Retrieved February 23, 2023.
  23. ^ Sledge, Eugene, With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa, 1981, Presidio Press, Novato, California, OCLC 12197607, p. 213
  24. ^ Faulkner, Jessie (April 11, 2015). "Feds seek input on managing Trinidad Head lighthouse". Times-Standard. Retrieved June 26, 2021.
  25. ^ Boxall, Bettina (January 12, 2017). "Obama adds six sites to California Coastal National Monument". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
  26. ^ a b c "About Humboldt County: Geography". Humboldt County, California. Retrieved May 25, 2011.
  27. ^ "Trinidad, California". City Data. City Data website. Retrieved May 25, 2011.
  28. ^ Jebens, Brandon (Fall 1999). "The Biogeography of Sequoia sempervirens". Student Paper, Geography 316: Biogeography. San Francisco State University Department of Geography. Archived from the original on April 11, 2011. Retrieved May 25, 2011.
  29. ^ "Trinidad, California". Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  30. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  31. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  32. ^ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Trinidad city". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  33. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  34. ^ "Senators". State of California. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
  35. ^ "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved March 2, 2013.
  36. ^ "California's 2nd Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
  37. ^ Ross, John (June 2004). Murdered by capitalism: a memoir of 150 years of life and death on the American left. Avalon Publishing Group. p. 400. ISBN 978-1-56025-578-9. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
  38. ^ Kachka, Boris (August 25, 2013). "On the Thomas Pynchon Trail: From the Long Island of His Boyhood to the 'Yupper West Side' of His New Novel". New York magazine. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
  39. ^ "Cartoonist Al Vermeer dies following stroke". Eureka Times-Standard. November 28, 1980. Retrieved January 24, 2017.
  40. ^ Film in America, The Majestic accessed 3 December 2012 Archived May 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
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