Ixtlahuacán del Río: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox settlement |
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|name = Ixtlahuacán del Río |
|name = Ixtlahuacán del Río |
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|settlement_type =Municipality and |
|settlement_type = Municipality and town |
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|area_blank1_title = Town |
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|area_blank1_km2 = 2.67 |
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<!-- Population -----------------------> |
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|population_as_of = 2020 census |
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|population_footnotes = <ref>[http://www.citypopulation.de/en/mexico/jalisco/14045/ Citypopulation.de]</ref> |
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|population_total = 20465 |
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|population_blank1_title = Town |
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|population_blank1 = 6882 |
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'''Ixtlahuacán del Rio''' is a town and municipality in the center of the [[States of Mexico|Mexican state]] of [[Jalisco]], a little less than 50 |
'''Ixtlahuacán del Rio''' is a town and municipality in the center of the [[States of Mexico|Mexican state]] of [[Jalisco]], a little less than {{convert|50|km}} from state capital [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]]. It stands at {{convert|1655|m}} above sea level; the climate is semi-arid, with a mild winter and an average annual temperature of {{convert|19|C}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ixtlahuacan del Rio |url=https://www.hellotravel.com/mexico/ixtlahuacan-del-rio |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=www.hellotravel.com}}</ref> |
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==Pre-Hispanic antecedents of Ixtlahuacán del Río== |
==Pre-Hispanic antecedents of Ixtlahuacán del Río== |
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== Toponymy == |
== Toponymy == |
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Ixtlahuacán is a word of Nahuatl origin, it is the union of the words '' "Ixtláhuatl" '' (plains) and '' "Can" '' (place); therefore, it means: '' "Place of Plains" ''. |
Ixtlahuacán is a word of Nahuatl origin, it is the union of the words '' "Ixtláhuatl" '' (plains) and '' "Can" '' (place); therefore, it means: '' "Place of Plains" ''.<ref>[http://mexplaza.com.mx/mexplaza/toponimos/nahuatlweb/ toponimos / i / ixtlahuacandelrio.html Toponimos]{{dead link|date=May 2020|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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It was founded by [[Toltec culture |
It was founded by the [[Toltec culture|Toltecs]] at the beginning of the 7th century when they passed through the region. Possibly he was first in Tlacotán where tribes settled [[totonaca culture|Totonacas]], [[Tepehuanes]], and [[Coanes]], the founders being the Tepehuanes, who stood out for their belligerence. |
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The conquerors that approached Tlacotán were continually harassed by the aborigines of Ixtlahuacán. The conquest was carried out by [[Nuño de Guzmán]] who arrived in Tlacotán in 1529. It seemed a strategic place to defend and dominate the entire [[Atemajac Valley]]. Fines of 1531 gave the name of [[Nueva Galicia]] to everything conquered by Nuño de Guzmán, who was appointed governor, founding [[Guadalajara (Mexico)|Guadalajara]] in [[Nochistlán]]; after not having followed, ordering his transfer to Tlacotán in May 1533, giving him the name of Guadalajara; the foundation was not carried out until 1535 and in 1539 royal ID was received granting the coat of arms to the town (Tlacotán), being seat of Guadalajara from 1535 to 1540. |
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In 1825 it had a town hall and from that date until 1910 it belonged to the 1st canton of Guadalajara; in 1838, it had a category of town and in 1878 it is already mentioned as a municipality. They had the police stations of Tepac, Tlacotán and the Congregation of San Antonio. On February 28, 1894, the Tepac police station was abolished and the Congregation of San Antonio was erected as a police station; and in March 1912, the Tlacotán police station moved to Trejos, and in 1922 the police station was restored. |
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== Geography == |
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The conquerors that approached Tlacotán were continually harassed by the aborigines of Ixtlahuacán. The conquest was carried out by [[Nuño de Guzmán]] who arrived in Tlacotán in [[1529]]. It seemed a strategic place to defend and dominate the entire [[Atemajac Valley]]. Fines of [[1531]] gave the name of [[Nueva Galicia]] to everything conquered by Nuño de Guzmán, who was appointed governor, founding [[Guadalajara (Mexico) | Guadalajara]] in [[Nochistlán]]; after not having followed, ordering his transfer to Tlacotán in May [[1533]], giving him the name of Guadalajara; the foundation was not carried out until [[1535]] and in [[1539]] royal ID was received granting the coat of arms to the town (Tlacotán), being seat of Guadalajara from 1535 to [[1540]]. |
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In [[1825]] it had a town hall and from that date until [[1910]] it belonged to the 1st canton of Guadalajara; in [[1838]] it had a category of town and in [[1878]] it is already mentioned as a municipality. They had the police stations of Tepac, Tlacotán and the Congregation of San Antonio. In the year of [[1894]], on [[February 28]], the Tepac police station was abolished and the Congregation of San Antonio was erected as a police station; and in March [[1912]], the Tlacotán police station moved to Trejos, and in [[1922]] the police station was restored. |
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== Physical geography == |
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=== Location === |
=== Location === |
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Ixtlahuacán del Río is almost in the center of the state, its extreme coordinates are 20º 42'40 "to 21º 05 '23" north latitude and 103º 63' 09 "to 103º 22 '35" west longitude; at an approximate height of 1655 |
Ixtlahuacán del Río is almost in the center of the state, its extreme coordinates are 20º 42'40 "to 21º 05 '23" north latitude and 103º 63' 09 "to 103º 22 '35" west longitude; at an approximate height of {{convert|1655|m}}. |
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The municipality borders the state of [[Zacatecas]] to the north; to the east with the municipality of [[Cuquío]]; to the south with the municipalities of Zapotlanejo and Guadalajara; to the west with the municipalities of Zapopan and San Cristóbal de la Barranca. |
The municipality borders the state of [[Zacatecas]] to the north; to the east with the municipality of [[Cuquío]]; to the south with the municipalities of Zapotlanejo and Guadalajara; to the west with the municipalities of Zapopan and San Cristóbal de la Barranca. |
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=== Topography === |
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=== Orography === |
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In general, its surface is semi-flat (40%) and flat (35%), there are rugged areas (25%), with heights up to 1,900 [[masl]], highlighting the Monte Grande and the Higuera hill. |
In general, its surface is semi-flat (40%) and flat (35%), there are rugged areas (25%), with heights up to 1,900 [[masl]], highlighting the Monte Grande and the Higuera hill. |
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=== Soil === |
=== Soil === |
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The territory is made up of land belonging to [[tertiary period]]. The soil consists mostly of [[igneous rocks]] acidic extrusive with some moles of [[basalt]], [[rhyolite]] and volcanic gap with [[volcanic tuff |
The territory is made up of land belonging to [[tertiary period]]. The soil consists mostly of [[igneous rocks]] acidic extrusive with some moles of [[basalt]], [[rhyolite]] and volcanic gap with [[volcanic tuff|tuff]]; in the highest parts the predominant types are: haplic feozem, pelvic vertisol, chernozem and lithosol. The municipality has a territorial area of 56,494 [[hectare]]s, of which 14,200 are used for agricultural purposes, 23,270 in livestock, 12,900 are for forest use, 390 are urban land and 5,734 hectares have another use. As far as property is concerned, an area of 45,045 hectares is private and another of 11,449 is ejidal; no property |
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=== Hydrography === |
=== Hydrography === |
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Its hydrological resources are provided by the rivers and streams that make up the Juchipila-Santiago-Río Verde Grande Belén sub-basin of the Lerma-Chapala-Santiago Hydrological region. The main rivers are: [[Río Grande de Santiago |
Its hydrological resources are provided by the rivers and streams that make up the Juchipila-Santiago-Río Verde Grande Belén sub-basin of the Lerma-Chapala-Santiago Hydrological region. The main rivers are: [[Río Grande de Santiago|Santiago]], Achichilco, Cuquío, Verde and Juchipila; the streams: El Tigre, Carrizalillo, Los Cuartos, Saucitos, Tecomastes, Agua Colorada and San Pablo; the dams: San Antonio and Los Sauces. |
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=== Climate === |
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The climate is [[Semi-arid climate|semi-dry]], with dry spring and winter, and [[Warm climates|semi-warm]], with mild winter. The average annual temperature is {{convert|19|C}}, with a maximum of {{convert|25.6|C}} and a minimum of {{convert|10.1|C}}. The rainfall regime is recorded between the months of June, July, and August, with an average rainfall of 855.2 millimeters. The prevailing winds are heading north. |
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=== Climate === |
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The climate is [[arid | semi-dry]], with dry spring and winter, and [[warm| semi-warm]]{{dn|date=August 2019}}, with mild winter. The average annual temperature is 19 [[° C]], with a maximum of 25.6 & nbsp; ° C and minimum of 10.1 & nbsp; ° C. The rainfall regime is recorded between the months of June, July, and August, with an average rainfall of 855.2 [[millimetre| millimeters]]. The prevailing winds are heading north. |
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=== Flora and fauna === |
=== Flora and fauna === |
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The flora is composed of [[cedar]] |
The flora is composed of [[Mexican white cedar|cedar]], [[Pinus|pine]], [[oak]], [[oak]] and [[ocote]]. The fauna is made up of [[Cervus elaphus|deer]], [[hawk]], [[Lynx rufus|wildcat]], [[coyote]], [[skunk]], [[Dasypodidae|armadillo]], the tlacuache (zarigueya) and a great variety of birds. |
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== Economy == |
== Economy == |
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[[File: Sorghum durra01.jpg | thumb |
[[File: Sorghum durra01.jpg | thumb|Corn and sorghum are grown in the municipality.]] |
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39.82% of the inhabitants are dedicated to [[primary sector]], 23.41% to [[secondary sector]], 34.80% to [[tertiary sector]] and the rest is not specified. |
39.82% of the inhabitants are dedicated to [[primary sector]], 23.41% to [[secondary sector]], 34.80% to [[tertiary sector]] and the rest is not specified.<ref name="census"/> 38.18% are economically active.<ref name="census"/> The main economic activities are: [[agriculture]], [[livestock]], [[forestry]] and [[Industrial sector|industry]]. |
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* '' 'Agriculture' '': [[ |
* '' 'Agriculture' '': [[maize]], [[Salvia hispanica|chía]], [[beans]], [[sorghum]] and [[pumpkin]] are grown. |
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* '' 'Livestock' '': cattle are raised [[cattle]], [[pigs]], [[sheep]], [[Equidae|equine]] and [[goats]]. In addition to birds and [[Beehive|hive]] s. |
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* '' 'Livestock' '': cattle are raised [[cattle]], [[pigs]], [[sheep]], [[Equidae | equine]] and [[goats]]. In addition to birds and [[Beehive|hive]] s. |
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* '' 'Industry' '': highlights the manufacturing industry. * '' 'Tourism' '': it has natural and historical attractions. |
* '' 'Industry' '': highlights the manufacturing industry. * '' 'Tourism' '': it has natural and historical attractions. |
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* '' 'Commerce' '': it has [[restaurant]] s and small shops. The sale of essential products and mixed stores that sell various items predominate. |
* '' 'Commerce' '': it has [[restaurant]] s and small shops. The sale of essential products and mixed stores that sell various items predominate. |
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* '' 'Forest exploitation' '': the pine is exploited. |
* '' 'Forest exploitation' '': the pine is exploited. |
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* '' 'Mining' '': there are deposits of [[quarry]]. |
* '' 'Mining' '': there are deposits of [[quarry]]. |
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== Infrastructure == |
== Infrastructure == |
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===Education=== |
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87.61% <ref name = "census II" /> of the population is [[literacy | alphabeta]], of which 30.99% <ref name = "census" /> has finished [[primary education]]. The municipality has 32 [[preschool]], 61 [[primary education| primary education]], 13 [[secondary education|secondary]] s, three [[Bachelor's degree|baccalaureate]] and an extension of the Higher Technological Institute of Tala. <ref> [ http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/default.aspx?c=701&e=14 INEGI] Statistical Yearbook of the State of Jalisco. 2000 Edition </ref> |
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87.61% <ref name = "censoII" /> of the population is [[literacy|alphabeta]], of which 30.99% <ref name = "census" /> has finished [[primary education]]. The municipality has 32 [[preschool]], 61 [[primary education]], 13 [[secondary education|secondary]] s, three [[Bachelor's degree|baccalaureate]] and an extension of the Higher Technological Institute of Tala.<ref>[http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/default.aspx?c=701&e=14 INEGI] Statistical Yearbook of the State of Jalisco. 2000 Edition</ref> |
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===Health=== |
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Health care is attended by the State Department of Health, the [[Mexican Social Security Institute]] and private doctors. The System for the Integral Development of the Family (DIF) is responsible for social welfare. |
Health care is attended by the State Department of Health, the [[Mexican Social Security Institute]] and private doctors. The System for the Integral Development of the Family (DIF) is responsible for social welfare. |
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===Sport=== |
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* '''Sport''' |
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It has sports centers, where it is practiced: football, basketball, athletics and volleyball. It also has cultural centers, plaza, parks, gardens and library. |
It has sports centers, where it is practiced: football, basketball, athletics and volleyball. It also has cultural centers, plaza, parks, gardens and library. |
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===Living place=== |
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It has 4,286 homes, which are generally private.<ref name = "censoII" /> 96.48% have electricity service, 48.34% have drainage and drinking water service.<ref name = "censoII">[http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/default.aspx?c=6789&e=14 INEGI] II population and housing count, 2005</ref> Its construction is generally based on [[brick]], [[concrete]] and partition. |
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===Services=== |
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* '''Living place''' It has 4,286 homes, which are generally private. <Ref name = "censoII" /> 96.48% have electricity service, 48.34% have drainage and drinking water service. <Ref name = "censoII"> [http: //www.inegi.gob.mx/est/default.aspx?c=6789&e=14 INEGI] II population and housing count, 2005 </ref> Its construction is generally based on [[brick]], [[ concrete]] and partition. |
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* '' 'Services' '' |
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The municipality has potable water, telephone and internet services, sewerage, street lighting, markets, trail, cemeteries, roads, public toilets, public safety, parks, gardens and sports centers. |
The municipality has potable water, telephone and internet services, sewerage, street lighting, markets, trail, cemeteries, roads, public toilets, public safety, parks, gardens and sports centers. |
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69.2% of the inhabitants have drinking water; 74.2% of sewerage and 95.9% of electrical energy. |
69.2% of the inhabitants have drinking water; 74.2% of sewerage and 95.9% of electrical energy. |
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* '' 'Media and communication channels' '' |
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===Media and communication channels=== |
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It has mail, fax, telegraph, telephone and radiotelephony service. Transportation takes place through the Guadalajara-Saltillo highway, junction Ixtlahuacán del Río. It has a network of rural roads that connect the towns; Transportation is carried out by public buses or rental vehicles and individuals. |
It has mail, fax, telegraph, telephone and radiotelephony service. Transportation takes place through the Guadalajara-Saltillo highway, junction Ixtlahuacán del Río. It has a network of rural roads that connect the towns; Transportation is carried out by public buses or rental vehicles and individuals. |
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Currently the municipal government has a small fleet of trucks that can provide services for free, these trucks have been donated by the State Government of [[Jalisco]]. |
Currently the municipal government has a small fleet of trucks that can provide services for free, these trucks have been donated by the State Government of [[Jalisco]]. |
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=== Religion === |
=== Religion === |
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98.53% profess the [[Catholic religion]], there are also believers of [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], [[Seventh-day Adventists]], [[Protestant]] s and believers of other religions. 0.24% of the inhabitants showed not to practice any religion. |
98.53% profess the [[Catholic religion]], there are also believers of [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], [[Seventh-day Adventists]], [[Protestant]] s and believers of other religions. 0.24% of the inhabitants showed not to practice any religion.<ref name = "census">[http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/default.aspx?c=701&e=14 INEGI] XII General Census of Population and Housing, 2000.</ref> |
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== Culture == |
== Culture == |
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* '' 'Gastronomy' '': the [[tamales]], the [[birria]] chicken or turkey, the [[Mole sauce|mole]]; and of its drinks stand out [[tequila]] and [[mezcal]]. |
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* '' 'Gastronomy' '': the [[Tamal | tamales]], the [[birria]] chicken or turkey, the [[mole]]{{dn|date=August 2019}},; and of its drinks stand out [[tequila]] and [[mezcal]]. |
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* '' 'Typical costumes' '': the [[charro]] suit. |
* '' 'Typical costumes' '': the [[charro]] suit. |
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* '' 'Crafts' '': wooden furniture, embroidery, textiles and saddles are made. |
* '' 'Crafts' '': wooden furniture, embroidery, textiles and saddles are made. |
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=== Sites of interest === |
=== Sites of interest === |
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* The Shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe, dates from |
* The Shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe, dates from 1873. |
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* Temple of Our Lady of the Rosary. |
* Temple of Our Lady of the Rosary. |
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* Hacienda Animas del Romero. |
* Hacienda Animas del Romero. |
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=== Parties === |
=== Parties === |
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* Party to San Pascual Baílon: from May 15 to 17. |
* Party to San Pascual Baílon: from May 15 to 17. |
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* Party to the [[Virgin of Guadalupe (Mexico)|Virgin of Guadalupe]]: from December 1 to 12. |
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* [[Cockfight|Palenque]]: September 9–16. |
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* Party to the [[Virgin of Guadalupe (Mexico) | Virgin of Guadalupe]]: from December 1 to 12. |
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* [[Cockfight | Palenque]]: September 9-16. |
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* National holidays: September 15 and 16. |
* National holidays: September 15 and 16. |
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* Festivities of June (San Antonio) June 5 to 13. |
* Festivities of June (San Antonio) June 5 to 13. |
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* Party January 1 (San Antonio). |
* Party January 1 (San Antonio). |
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* Patron Festivities from May 7 to 15 (Palos Altos). |
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* Patron Festivities from May 7 to 15 (Palos Altos). |
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== Government == |
== Government == |
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Its form of government is [[democracy| |
Its form of government is [[democracy|democratic]] and depends on [[Jalisco|state government]] and [[Mexico|federal]]; Elections are held every three years, when the municipal president and her/his council are elected. The municipal president is Pedro Haro Ocampo, a member of [[Citizens' Movement (Mexico)|MC]], who was re-elected during the elections held on 6 June 2021.{{Citation needed|date=October 2021}} |
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The municipality has 179 locations, the most important being: Ixtlahuacán del Río (municipal |
The municipality has 179 locations, the most important being: Ixtlahuacán del Río (municipal seat), San Antonio de los Vázquez, Trejos, Tlacotán, Palos Altos, San Nicolás and Mascuala.<ref name = "census" /> |
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=== Municipal presidents === |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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!width=120px|Term |
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!width=175px|Municipal president |
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!width=70px|Political party |
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!width=140px|Notes |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|1983-1985<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM14jalisco/municipios/14045a.html|title=Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México. Jalisco. Ixtlahuacán del Río|language=es|access-date=31 July 2021|archive-date=31 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731222215/http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM14jalisco/municipios/14045a.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ||Manuel Abundis Prieto ||[[Institutional Revolutionary Party|PRI]] [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|1986-1988 ||Francisco Alonso Sánchez ||PRI [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|1989-1992 ||Hugo Rodríguez Díaz ||PRI [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|1992-1995 ||Gabriel Sánchez Martínez ||PRI [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ddeef6" |
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|1995-1997 ||Miguel Miguel Loera García ||[[National Action Party (Mexico)|PAN]] [[File:PAN Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|1998-2000 ||Javier Haro Tello ||PRI [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|2001-2003 ||José Juan Saldaña Ávila ||PRI [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|2004-2006 ||Javier Sánchez Díaz ||PRI [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|2007-2009 ||Francisco Sánchez García ||PRI [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] || |
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|- style="background:#d2f8d2" |
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|2010-2012 ||Roberto Martínez Delgado ||[[Ecologist Green Party of Mexico|PVEM]] [[File:PVE logo (Mexico).svg|21px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffe1e1" |
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|2012-2015 ||Gerardo Godoy Jiménez ||PRI [[File:PRI Party (Mexico).svg|22px]]<br> PVEM [[File:PVE logo (Mexico).svg|19px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ff4c4c" |
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|2015-2018<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iepcjalisco.org.mx/sites/default/files/proceso_2015/resultados/integracion_ayuntamientos_2015.pdf|title=Instituto Electoral y de Participación Ciudadana del Estado de Jalisco, IEPC Jalisco. Proceso electoral 2015. Anexo V. Ixtlahuacán del Río|language=es|access-date=31 July 2021}}</ref> ||Salvador Ramírez Mancilla ||[[Labor Party (Mexico)|PT]] [[File:PT logo (Mexico).svg|20px]] || |
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|- style="background:#ffd2b3" |
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|2018-2021 ||Pedro Haro Ocampo ||[[Citizens' Movement (Mexico)|MC]] [[File:MC Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] ||Applied for a temporary leave, to run for reelection |
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|- style="background:#ffd2b3" |
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|2021 ||Moisés Jara Yáñez ||MC [[File:MC Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] ||Acting municipal president |
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|- style="background:#ffd2b3" |
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|2021-2024 ||Pedro Haro Ocampo ||MC [[File:MC Party (Mexico).svg|22px]] ||He was reelected on 06/06/2021 |
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|} |
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=== Notable people === |
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* Javier Haro Tello, [[physician]], municipal president, and local deputy. |
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=== Illustrious characters === |
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* Miguel de la Mora, [[physician]]. |
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* [[:es:Francisco Rodríguez Gómez|Francisco Rodríguez Gómez]], [[governor of Jalisco]]. |
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* Javier Haro Tello, [[Doctor, Municipal President and Local Deputy]]. |
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* Filiberto Ruvalcaba Sánchez, union leader and [[senator]]. |
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* Manuel Yáñez Rodríguez, craftsman. |
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* Miguel de la Mora, [[Doctor]]{{dn|date=August 2019}}. |
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* Miguel M. de la Mora, bishop. |
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* Benjamín Castillo Plascencia, bishop emeritus of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Celaya]]. |
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* [[Francisco Rodríguez Gómez]], governor of Jalisco. |
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* J. Refugio Mercado Diaz, bishop. |
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* Filiberto Ruvalcaba Sánchez, [[union leader and senator]]. |
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* Manuel Yañez Rodríguez, craftsman. |
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* Miguel M. De la Mora, bishop. |
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* Benjamin Castillo Plasencia, current Bishop of Celaya. |
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* J. Refugio Mercado Diaz, Bishop. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{listf | 2}} |
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{{Jalisco State Government, Mexico}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070428020658/http://visita.jalisco.gob.mx/espanol/inicio.html Jalisco Tourism] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070428020658/http://visita.jalisco.gob.mx/espanol/inicio.html Jalisco Tourism] |
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* http://ixtlahuacan.es.tl/ |
* http://ixtlahuacan.es.tl/ |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ixtlahuacan del Rio}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ixtlahuacan del Rio}} |
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[[Category:Municipalities of Jalisco]] |
[[Category:Municipalities of Jalisco]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in Jalisco]] |
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Latest revision as of 02:20, 13 October 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2022) |
Ixtlahuacán del Río | |
|---|---|
Municipality and town | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of the municipality in Jalisco | |
  Ixtlahuacán del Río Location in Mexico | |
| Coordinates: 20°52′N 103°15′W / 20.867°N 103.250°W | |
| Country |  Mexico |
| State | Jalisco |
| Area | |
• Total | 831.8 km2 (321.2 sq mi) |
| • Town | 2.67 km2 (1.03 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
• Total | 20,465 |
| • Density | 25/km2 (64/sq mi) |
| • Town | 6,882 |
| • Town density | 2,600/km2 (6,700/sq mi) |
Ixtlahuacán del Rio is a town and municipality in the center of the Mexican state of Jalisco, a little less than 50 kilometres (31 mi) from state capital Guadalajara. It stands at 1,655 metres (5,430 ft) above sea level; the climate is semi-arid, with a mild winter and an average annual temperature of 19 °C (66 °F).[2]
Pre-Hispanic antecedents of Ixtlahuacán del Río
[edit]Ixtlahuacán is a word of Nahuatl origin; the name means "flat place". It was founded by the Toltecs in approximately AD 610; it is hard to be certain of the exact date of founding, because none of the groups who inhabited the region — Tecuexes, Tepehuanes, Coanes, Cazcanos, and Zacatecos — had a written language in this period.
Toponymy
[edit]Ixtlahuacán is a word of Nahuatl origin, it is the union of the words "Ixtláhuatl" (plains) and "Can" (place); therefore, it means: "Place of Plains" .[3]
History
[edit]It was founded by the Toltecs at the beginning of the 7th century when they passed through the region. Possibly he was first in Tlacotán where tribes settled Totonacas, Tepehuanes, and Coanes, the founders being the Tepehuanes, who stood out for their belligerence.
The conquerors that approached Tlacotán were continually harassed by the aborigines of Ixtlahuacán. The conquest was carried out by Nuño de Guzmán who arrived in Tlacotán in 1529. It seemed a strategic place to defend and dominate the entire Atemajac Valley. Fines of 1531 gave the name of Nueva Galicia to everything conquered by Nuño de Guzmán, who was appointed governor, founding Guadalajara in Nochistlán; after not having followed, ordering his transfer to Tlacotán in May 1533, giving him the name of Guadalajara; the foundation was not carried out until 1535 and in 1539 royal ID was received granting the coat of arms to the town (Tlacotán), being seat of Guadalajara from 1535 to 1540.
In 1825 it had a town hall and from that date until 1910 it belonged to the 1st canton of Guadalajara; in 1838, it had a category of town and in 1878 it is already mentioned as a municipality. They had the police stations of Tepac, Tlacotán and the Congregation of San Antonio. On February 28, 1894, the Tepac police station was abolished and the Congregation of San Antonio was erected as a police station; and in March 1912, the Tlacotán police station moved to Trejos, and in 1922 the police station was restored.
Geography
[edit]Location
[edit]Ixtlahuacán del Río is almost in the center of the state, its extreme coordinates are 20º 42'40 "to 21º 05 '23" north latitude and 103º 63' 09 "to 103º 22 '35" west longitude; at an approximate height of 1,655 metres (5,430 ft). The municipality borders the state of Zacatecas to the north; to the east with the municipality of Cuquío; to the south with the municipalities of Zapotlanejo and Guadalajara; to the west with the municipalities of Zapopan and San Cristóbal de la Barranca.
Topography
[edit]In general, its surface is semi-flat (40%) and flat (35%), there are rugged areas (25%), with heights up to 1,900 masl, highlighting the Monte Grande and the Higuera hill.
Soil
[edit]The territory is made up of land belonging to tertiary period. The soil consists mostly of igneous rocks acidic extrusive with some moles of basalt, rhyolite and volcanic gap with tuff; in the highest parts the predominant types are: haplic feozem, pelvic vertisol, chernozem and lithosol. The municipality has a territorial area of 56,494 hectares, of which 14,200 are used for agricultural purposes, 23,270 in livestock, 12,900 are for forest use, 390 are urban land and 5,734 hectares have another use. As far as property is concerned, an area of 45,045 hectares is private and another of 11,449 is ejidal; no property
Hydrography
[edit]Its hydrological resources are provided by the rivers and streams that make up the Juchipila-Santiago-Río Verde Grande Belén sub-basin of the Lerma-Chapala-Santiago Hydrological region. The main rivers are: Santiago, Achichilco, Cuquío, Verde and Juchipila; the streams: El Tigre, Carrizalillo, Los Cuartos, Saucitos, Tecomastes, Agua Colorada and San Pablo; the dams: San Antonio and Los Sauces.
Climate
[edit]The climate is semi-dry, with dry spring and winter, and semi-warm, with mild winter. The average annual temperature is 19 °C (66 °F), with a maximum of 25.6 °C (78.1 °F) and a minimum of 10.1 °C (50.2 °F). The rainfall regime is recorded between the months of June, July, and August, with an average rainfall of 855.2 millimeters. The prevailing winds are heading north.
Flora and fauna
[edit]The flora is composed of cedar, pine, oak, oak and ocote. The fauna is made up of deer, hawk, wildcat, coyote, skunk, armadillo, the tlacuache (zarigueya) and a great variety of birds.
Economy
[edit]
39.82% of the inhabitants are dedicated to primary sector, 23.41% to secondary sector, 34.80% to tertiary sector and the rest is not specified.[4] 38.18% are economically active.[4] The main economic activities are: agriculture, livestock, forestry and industry.
- 'Agriculture' : maize, chía, beans, sorghum and pumpkin are grown.
- 'Livestock' : cattle are raised cattle, pigs, sheep, equine and goats. In addition to birds and hive s.
- 'Industry' : highlights the manufacturing industry. * 'Tourism' : it has natural and historical attractions.
- 'Commerce' : it has restaurant s and small shops. The sale of essential products and mixed stores that sell various items predominate.
- 'Services' : financial, professional, technical, communal, social, personal and maintenance services are provided.
- 'Forest exploitation' : the pine is exploited.
- 'Mining' : there are deposits of quarry.
Infrastructure
[edit]Education
[edit]87.61% [5] of the population is alphabeta, of which 30.99% [4] has finished primary education. The municipality has 32 preschool, 61 primary education, 13 secondary s, three baccalaureate and an extension of the Higher Technological Institute of Tala.[6]
Health
[edit]Health care is attended by the State Department of Health, the Mexican Social Security Institute and private doctors. The System for the Integral Development of the Family (DIF) is responsible for social welfare.
Sport
[edit]It has sports centers, where it is practiced: football, basketball, athletics and volleyball. It also has cultural centers, plaza, parks, gardens and library.
Living place
[edit]It has 4,286 homes, which are generally private.[5] 96.48% have electricity service, 48.34% have drainage and drinking water service.[5] Its construction is generally based on brick, concrete and partition.
Services
[edit]The municipality has potable water, telephone and internet services, sewerage, street lighting, markets, trail, cemeteries, roads, public toilets, public safety, parks, gardens and sports centers. 69.2% of the inhabitants have drinking water; 74.2% of sewerage and 95.9% of electrical energy.
Media and communication channels
[edit]It has mail, fax, telegraph, telephone and radiotelephony service. Transportation takes place through the Guadalajara-Saltillo highway, junction Ixtlahuacán del Río. It has a network of rural roads that connect the towns; Transportation is carried out by public buses or rental vehicles and individuals. Currently the municipal government has a small fleet of trucks that can provide services for free, these trucks have been donated by the State Government of Jalisco.
Religion
[edit]98.53% profess the Catholic religion, there are also believers of Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-day Adventists, Protestant s and believers of other religions. 0.24% of the inhabitants showed not to practice any religion.[4]
Culture
[edit]- 'Gastronomy' : the tamales, the birria chicken or turkey, the mole; and of its drinks stand out tequila and mezcal.
- 'Typical costumes' : the charro suit.
- 'Crafts' : wooden furniture, embroidery, textiles and saddles are made.
Sites of interest
[edit]
|
|
Parties
[edit]- Party to San Pascual Baílon: from May 15 to 17.
- Party to the Virgin of Guadalupe: from December 1 to 12.
- Palenque: September 9–16.
- National holidays: September 15 and 16.
- Festivities of June (San Antonio) June 5 to 13.
- Party January 1 (San Antonio).
- Patron Festivities from May 7 to 15 (Palos Altos).
Government
[edit]Its form of government is democratic and depends on state government and federal; Elections are held every three years, when the municipal president and her/his council are elected. The municipal president is Pedro Haro Ocampo, a member of MC, who was re-elected during the elections held on 6 June 2021.[citation needed] The municipality has 179 locations, the most important being: Ixtlahuacán del Río (municipal seat), San Antonio de los Vázquez, Trejos, Tlacotán, Palos Altos, San Nicolás and Mascuala.[4]
Municipal presidents
[edit]| Term | Municipal president | Political party | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1983-1985[7] | Manuel Abundis Prieto | PRI .svg){kind=logo} |
|
| 1986-1988 | Francisco Alonso Sánchez | PRI |
|
| 1989-1992 | Hugo Rodríguez Díaz | PRI |
|
| 1992-1995 | Gabriel Sánchez Martínez | PRI |
|
| 1995-1997 | Miguel Miguel Loera García | PAN .svg){kind=logo} |
|
| 1998-2000 | Javier Haro Tello | PRI |
|
| 2001-2003 | José Juan Saldaña Ávila | PRI |
|
| 2004-2006 | Javier Sánchez Díaz | PRI |
|
| 2007-2009 | Francisco Sánchez García | PRI |
|
| 2010-2012 | Roberto Martínez Delgado | PVEM .svg){kind=small} |
|
| 2012-2015 | Gerardo Godoy Jiménez | PRI PVEM |
|
| 2015-2018[8] | Salvador Ramírez Mancilla | PT .svg){kind=logo} |
|
| 2018-2021 | Pedro Haro Ocampo | MC .svg){kind=small} |
Applied for a temporary leave, to run for reelection |
| 2021 | Moisés Jara Yáñez | MC |
Acting municipal president |
| 2021-2024 | Pedro Haro Ocampo | MC |
He was reelected on 06/06/2021 |
Notable people
[edit]- Javier Haro Tello, physician, municipal president, and local deputy.
- Miguel de la Mora, physician.
- Francisco Rodríguez Gómez, governor of Jalisco.
- Filiberto Ruvalcaba Sánchez, union leader and senator.
- Manuel Yáñez Rodríguez, craftsman.
- Miguel M. de la Mora, bishop.
- Benjamín Castillo Plascencia, bishop emeritus of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celaya.
- J. Refugio Mercado Diaz, bishop.
References
[edit]- ^ Citypopulation.de
- ^ "Ixtlahuacan del Rio". www.hellotravel.com. Retrieved 2023-10-11.
- ^ toponimos / i / ixtlahuacandelrio.html Toponimos[dead link]
- ^ a b c d e INEGI XII General Census of Population and Housing, 2000.
- ^ a b c INEGI II population and housing count, 2005
- ^ INEGI Statistical Yearbook of the State of Jalisco. 2000 Edition
- ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México. Jalisco. Ixtlahuacán del Río" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 31 July 2021. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
- ^ "Instituto Electoral y de Participación Ciudadana del Estado de Jalisco, IEPC Jalisco. Proceso electoral 2015. Anexo V. Ixtlahuacán del Río" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 July 2021.
External links
[edit]20°52′N 103°15′W / 20.867°N 103.250°W
