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{{Short description|Italian army general (1874–1952)}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
| name = Melchiade Gabba
| name = Melchiade Gabba
Line 9: Line 10:
| death_place = [[Rome]], [[Italy]]
| death_place = [[Rome]], [[Italy]]
| allegiance = {{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}
| allegiance = {{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}
| serviceyears = 1895-1940
| serviceyears = 1895–1940
| branch = {{army|Kingdom of Italy}}
| branch = {{army|Kingdom of Italy}}
| rank = [[Army General]]
| rank = [[Army General]]
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}}
}}


'''Melchiade Gabba''' ([[Milan]], 20 August 1874 – [[Rome]], 17 November 1952) was an Italian general during the [[Fascist regime|Fascist period]], who served as commander of the [[Royal Corps of Colonial Troops]] of [[Eritrea]] and Chief of Staff of the East Africa High Command during the [[Second Italo-Ethiopian War]]. From 27 July 1943 to 24 February 1944 he was [[Ministry of Italian Africa|Minister of Italian Africa]] of the [[Badoglio I Cabinet]]. He was also a [[Senator of the Kingdom of Italy]] from 1939 to 1945.
'''Melchiade Gabba''' (20 August 1874 – 17 November 1952) was an Italian general during the [[Fascist regime|Fascist period]], who served as commander of the [[Royal Corps of Colonial Troops]] of [[Eritrea]] and Chief of Staff of the East Africa High Command during the [[Second Italo-Ethiopian War]]. From 27 July 1943 to 24 February 1944 he was [[Ministry of Italian Africa|Minister of Italian Africa]] of the [[Badoglio I Cabinet]]. He was also a [[Senator of the Kingdom of Italy]] from 1939 to 1944.


==Biography==
==Biography==


He was born in [[Milan]] on 20 August 1874, the son of Alberto Gabba and Giulia Sozzani, both belonging to the Milanese nobility.<ref>Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 32</ref><ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref> On October 15, 1892 he entered the Military College of Milan and then the Royal Academy of Artillery and Engineers of [[Turin]], where he enrolled on August 8, 1895, graduating as artillery [[second lieutenant]].<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref> In 1905 he entered the Army War School. From 1911 to December 1915 he was in [[Eritrea]] as a [[staff officer]], and then commander of the artillery of the [[Royal Corps of Colonial Troops]].<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref> Having returned to Italy in the middle of the [[First World War]], starting from May 1916, with the rank of [[lieutenant colonel]], he served on the [[Julian Alps|Julian front]] in command of an artillery group of the [[XVIII Army Corps (Italy)|XVIII Army Corps]] and later of the [[XX Army Corps (Italy)|XX Army Corps]].<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> He was then Chief of Staff of the 13th Division, of the 57th Division, and Head of the Operations and General Affairs Office of the Chief of Staff of the Royal Italian Army, General [[Luigi Cadorna]].<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> He later held the role of Chief of Staff of the [[XXIX Army Corps (Italy)|XXIX Army Corps]], of the [[XIV Army Corps (Italy)|XIV Corps]] and Chief of Staff of the territorial military division of [[Chieti]].<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> For his role in the [[battle of Asiago]] (where he was wounded in June 1916) and in the [[battle of Mount Ortigara]] he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the [[Military Order of Savoy]], and for that in the [[First Battle of the Piave]] the Officer's Cross of the same order.<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref>
He was born in [[Milan]] on 20 August 1874, the son of Alberto Gabba and Giulia Sozzani, both belonging to the Milanese nobility.<ref name="auto">Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 32</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm|title=Regio Esercito - MVSN - I Comandanti della Campagna d'Etiopia|website=www.regioesercito.it}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument|title=Scheda senatore GABBA Melchiade|website=notes9.senato.it}}</ref> On 15 October 1892 he entered the Military College of Milan and then the Royal Academy of Artillery and Engineers of [[Turin]], where he enrolled on 8 August 1895, graduating as artillery [[second lieutenant]].<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/> In 1905 he entered the Army War School. From 1911 to December 1915 he was in [[Eritrea]] as a [[staff officer]], and then commander of the artillery of the [[Royal Corps of Colonial Troops]].<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/> Having returned to Italy in the middle of the [[First World War]], starting from May 1916, with the rank of [[lieutenant colonel]], he served on the [[Julian Alps|Julian front]] in command of an artillery group of the [[XVIII Army Corps (Italy)|XVIII Army Corps]] and later of the [[XX Army Corps (Italy)|XX Army Corps]].<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html|title=Biography of General Melchiade Gabba (1874 – 1952), Italy|website=generals.dk}}</ref> He was then Chief of Staff of the 13th Division, of the 57th Division, and Head of the Operations and General Affairs Office of the Chief of Staff of the Royal Italian Army, General [[Luigi Cadorna]].<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> He later held the role of Chief of Staff of the [[XXIX Army Corps (Italy)|XXIX Army Corps]], of the [[XIV Army Corps (Italy)|XIV Corps]] and Chief of Staff of the territorial military division of [[Chieti]].<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto2"/> For his role in the [[battle of Asiago]] (where he was wounded in June 1916) and in the [[battle of Mount Ortigara]] he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the [[Military Order of Savoy]], and for that in the [[First Battle of the Piave]] the Officer's Cross of the same order.<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/>


After the war, in 1919, he became a member of the Italian Geographic Society, perfecting himself in military cartography. After promotion to [[colonel]], he was head of a military mission in [[Transcaucasia]], and then held the position of director of the Royal political agency of the [[Kingdom of Italy]] in the republics of [[Georgia]], [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Armenia]] from February 28, 1920 to March 16, 1922.<ref>Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 30</ref><ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref> Upon returning to Italy he was in succession Chief of Staff of the [[III Army Corps (Italy)|III Corps]] of Milan, Chief of Operations Office at the Army General Staff, and Secretary of the Council of the Army (1921).<ref>Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 32</ref><ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> In September 1921 he returned to Eritrea as commander of the local Royal Corps of Colonial Troops.<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref>
After the war, in 1919, he became a member of the Italian Geographic Society, perfecting himself in military cartography. After promotion to [[colonel]], he was head of a military mission in [[Transcaucasia]], and then held the position of director of the Royal political agency of the [[Kingdom of Italy]] in the republics of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Armenia]] from 28 February 1920 to 16 March 1922.<ref>Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 30</ref><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/> Upon returning to Italy he was in succession Chief of Staff of the [[III Army Corps (Italy)|III Corps]] of Milan, Chief of Operations Office at the Army General Staff, and Secretary of the Council of the Army (1921).<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> In September 1921 he returned to Eritrea as commander of the local Royal Corps of Colonial Troops.<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/>


Promoted to [[brigadier general]] in May 1926, in 1927 he was appointed Chief of Staff of the designated army command of [[Florence]].<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> In January 1931 he was promoted to [[major general]], and became Commander of the [[20th Infantry Division Friuli|20th Infantry Division "Curtatone and Montanara"]].<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> He then served as [[aide-de-camp]] to the [[Umberto II of Italy|Prince of Piedmont]] from November 17, 1932 to May 25, 1934.<ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> In 1934 he enrolled in the [[National Fascist Party]], and in November of the same year he was promoted to the rank of [[lieutenant general]].<ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> From March 1935 he took part in the [[Second Italo-Ethiopian War|war in Ethiopia]] as Chief of Staff of the East Africa High Command, headed by General [[Emilio De Bono]].<ref>Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 32</ref><ref>John Gooch, Mussolini and His Generals: The Armed Forces and Fascist Foreign Policy, 1922-1940, p. 301</ref><ref>[http://www.regioesercito.it/campagne/etiopia/et35comand.htm Regio Esercito]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref>
Promoted to [[brigadier general]] in May 1926, in 1927 he was appointed Chief of Staff of the designated army command of [[Florence]].<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> In January 1931 he was promoted to [[major general]], and became Commander of the [[20th Infantry Division Friuli|20th Infantry Division "Curtatone and Montanara"]].<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> He then served as [[aide-de-camp]] to the [[Umberto II of Italy|Prince of Piedmont]] from 17 November 1932 to 25 May 1934.<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> In 1934 he enrolled in the [[National Fascist Party]], and in November of the same year he was promoted to the rank of [[lieutenant general]].<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> From March 1935 he took part in the [[Second Italo-Ethiopian War|war in Ethiopia]] as Chief of Staff of the East Africa High Command, headed by General [[Emilio De Bono]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>John Gooch, ''Mussolini and His Generals: The Armed Forces and Fascist Foreign Policy, 1922-1940'', p. 301</ref><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto2"/>


On 25 March 1939 he was appointed Senator of the Kingdom of Italy on the proposal of the Minister of War, and became a member of the Senatorial Commission for Italian African Affairs (and its president from 1941) and of the Commission for the judgment of the High Court of Justice.<ref>Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 32</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> In May 1940 he was promoted to [[army general]], and two months later he retired from active service due to reaching age limits.<ref>[https://archivio.camera.it/inventari/scheda/disegni-e-proposte-legge-e-incarti-commissioni-1848-1943/CD0000008742/conferimento-al-generale-corpo-d-armata-comandante-designato-d-armata-servizio-permanente-melchiade-gabba-del-grado-generale-armata.html Disegni e proposte di legge e incarti delle commissioni (1848 – 1943)]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref> On 27 July 1943 he was appointed [[Ministry of Italian Africa|Minister of Italian Africa]] by [[Pietro Badoglio]] (even though Italy had lost all of its African colonies by the spring of 1943), a position he held until 24 February 1944 when this ministry was taken on ad interim by Badoglio himself.<ref>Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 32</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref> In October 1944 he was dismissed from his post as Senator by the High Court for Sanctions against Fascism.<ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref> He retired to private life after the establishment of the [[Italian Republic]], and died in [[Rome]] on November 17, 1952.<ref>Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, ''La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920)'', p. 32</ref><ref>[https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/6c48e5794fc641b0c125711400382de0/92824c820489a9e04125646f005be8ba?OpenDocument Senato della Repubblica]</ref><ref>[https://generals.dk/general/Gabba/Melchiade/Italy.html Generals.dk]</ref>
On 25 March 1939 he was appointed Senator of the Kingdom of Italy on the proposal of the Minister of War, and became a member of the Senatorial Commission for Italian African Affairs (and its president from 1941) and of the Commission for the judgment of the High Court of Justice.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> In May 1940 he was promoted to [[army general]], and two months later he retired from active service due to reaching age limits.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archivio.camera.it/inventari/scheda/disegni-e-proposte-legge-e-incarti-commissioni-1848-1943/CD0000008742/conferimento-al-generale-corpo-d-armata-comandante-designato-d-armata-servizio-permanente-melchiade-gabba-del-grado-generale-armata.html|title="Conferimento al generale di Corpo d'armata comandante designato d'armata in servizio permanente Melchiade Gabba del grado di generale di armata" - L'Archivio storico della Camera dei deputati|website=archivio.camera.it}}</ref><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto1"/> On 27 July 1943 he was appointed [[Ministry of Italian Africa|Minister of Italian Africa]] by [[Pietro Badoglio]] (even though Italy had lost all of its African colonies by the spring of 1943), a position he held until 24 February 1944 when this ministry was taken on ad interim by Badoglio himself.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> In October 1944 he was dismissed from his post as Senator by the High Court for Sanctions against Fascism.<ref name="auto1"/> He retired to private life after the establishment of the [[Italian Republic]], and died in [[Rome]] on 17 November 1952.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/>


==References==
==References==
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{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Ministers of Italian Colonies}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gabba, Melchiade}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gabba, Melchiade}}
[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:1952 deaths]]
[[Category:1952 deaths]]
[[Category:Italian generals]]
[[Category:Italian Army generals]]
[[Category:Italian fascists]]
[[Category:Italian military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Italian military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Italian military personnel of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War]]
[[Category:Italian military personnel of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War]]
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[[Category:Government ministers of Italy]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Italy]]
[[Category:Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Milan]]

[[it:Melchiade Gabba]]
[[de:Melchiade Gabba]]
[[sl:Melchiade Gabba]]

Latest revision as of 21:53, 13 October 2024

Melchiade Gabba
Born(1874-08-20)20 August 1874
Milan, Kingdom of Italy
Died17 November 1952(1952-11-17) (aged 78)
Rome, Italy
Allegiance Kingdom of Italy
Service / branch Royal Italian Army
Years of service1895–1940
RankArmy General
CommandsRoyal Corps of Colonial Troops of Eritrea
20th Infantry Division "Curtatone and Montanara"
Battles / wars
Awards

Melchiade Gabba (20 August 1874 – 17 November 1952) was an Italian general during the Fascist period, who served as commander of the Royal Corps of Colonial Troops of Eritrea and Chief of Staff of the East Africa High Command during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. From 27 July 1943 to 24 February 1944 he was Minister of Italian Africa of the Badoglio I Cabinet. He was also a Senator of the Kingdom of Italy from 1939 to 1944.

Biography

[edit]

He was born in Milan on 20 August 1874, the son of Alberto Gabba and Giulia Sozzani, both belonging to the Milanese nobility.[1][2][3] On 15 October 1892 he entered the Military College of Milan and then the Royal Academy of Artillery and Engineers of Turin, where he enrolled on 8 August 1895, graduating as artillery second lieutenant.[2][3] In 1905 he entered the Army War School. From 1911 to December 1915 he was in Eritrea as a staff officer, and then commander of the artillery of the Royal Corps of Colonial Troops.[2][3] Having returned to Italy in the middle of the First World War, starting from May 1916, with the rank of lieutenant colonel, he served on the Julian front in command of an artillery group of the XVIII Army Corps and later of the XX Army Corps.[2][3][4] He was then Chief of Staff of the 13th Division, of the 57th Division, and Head of the Operations and General Affairs Office of the Chief of Staff of the Royal Italian Army, General Luigi Cadorna.[2][3][4] He later held the role of Chief of Staff of the XXIX Army Corps, of the XIV Corps and Chief of Staff of the territorial military division of Chieti.[2][4] For his role in the battle of Asiago (where he was wounded in June 1916) and in the battle of Mount Ortigara he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Order of Savoy, and for that in the First Battle of the Piave the Officer's Cross of the same order.[2][3]

After the war, in 1919, he became a member of the Italian Geographic Society, perfecting himself in military cartography. After promotion to colonel, he was head of a military mission in Transcaucasia, and then held the position of director of the Royal political agency of the Kingdom of Italy in the republics of Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia from 28 February 1920 to 16 March 1922.[5][2][3] Upon returning to Italy he was in succession Chief of Staff of the III Corps of Milan, Chief of Operations Office at the Army General Staff, and Secretary of the Council of the Army (1921).[1][2][3][4] In September 1921 he returned to Eritrea as commander of the local Royal Corps of Colonial Troops.[2][3][4]

Promoted to brigadier general in May 1926, in 1927 he was appointed Chief of Staff of the designated army command of Florence.[2][3][4] In January 1931 he was promoted to major general, and became Commander of the 20th Infantry Division "Curtatone and Montanara".[2][3][4] He then served as aide-de-camp to the Prince of Piedmont from 17 November 1932 to 25 May 1934.[2][3][4] In 1934 he enrolled in the National Fascist Party, and in November of the same year he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general.[3][4] From March 1935 he took part in the war in Ethiopia as Chief of Staff of the East Africa High Command, headed by General Emilio De Bono.[1][6][2][4]

On 25 March 1939 he was appointed Senator of the Kingdom of Italy on the proposal of the Minister of War, and became a member of the Senatorial Commission for Italian African Affairs (and its president from 1941) and of the Commission for the judgment of the High Court of Justice.[1][3][4] In May 1940 he was promoted to army general, and two months later he retired from active service due to reaching age limits.[7][4][3] On 27 July 1943 he was appointed Minister of Italian Africa by Pietro Badoglio (even though Italy had lost all of its African colonies by the spring of 1943), a position he held until 24 February 1944 when this ministry was taken on ad interim by Badoglio himself.[1][3][4] In October 1944 he was dismissed from his post as Senator by the High Court for Sanctions against Fascism.[3] He retired to private life after the establishment of the Italian Republic, and died in Rome on 17 November 1952.[1][3][4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920), p. 32
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Regio Esercito - MVSN - I Comandanti della Campagna d'Etiopia". www.regioesercito.it.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "Scheda senatore GABBA Melchiade". notes9.senato.it.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Biography of General Melchiade Gabba (1874 – 1952), Italy". generals.dk.
  5. ^ Daniel Pommier Vincelli, Andrea Carteny, La Repubblica democratica dell'Azerbaigian: i documenti militari italiani (1919-1920), p. 30
  6. ^ John Gooch, Mussolini and His Generals: The Armed Forces and Fascist Foreign Policy, 1922-1940, p. 301
  7. ^ ""Conferimento al generale di Corpo d'armata comandante designato d'armata in servizio permanente Melchiade Gabba del grado di generale di armata" - L'Archivio storico della Camera dei deputati". archivio.camera.it.
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