Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox military conflict |
{{Infobox military conflict |
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|conflict=Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres |
|conflict= Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres |
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|partof=the [[ |
|partof= the [[Saint-Domingue expedition]] |
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|image=[[Image: |
|image= [[Image:Prise de la Ravine-à-Couleuvres (23 février 1802), par Karl Girardet, gravé par Jean-Jacques Outhwaite.jpg|300px|Depiction of the Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres]] |
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|image_size= 300px |
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|caption=Depiction of the |
|caption= Depiction of the battle by [[Karl Girardet]] |
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|date=23 February 1802 |
|date=23 February 1802 |
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|place= |
|place= Near Lacroix, [[Haiti]] |
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|coordinates={{Coord|19.316|-72.584|display=title,inline}} |
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|casus= |
|casus= |
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|territory= |
|territory= |
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|result=French victory |
|result= French victory |
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|combatant1= {{flagicon|France}} [[First French Republic|France]] |
|combatant1= {{flagicon|France}} [[First French Republic|France]] |
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|combatant2= |
|combatant2= {{flagicon image|Flag of Haiti (1803-1804).svg}} [[Armée Indigène]] |
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|commander1=[[Donatien de Rochambeau]] |
|commander1= [[Donatien de Rochambeau]] |
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|commander2=[[Toussaint Louverture]] |
|commander2= [[Toussaint Louverture]] |
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|strength1= |
|strength1= 3,000 infantry |
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|strength2= |
|strength2= 2,500 infantry<br>400 cavalry |
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|casualties1= |
|casualties1= 200 killed <small>([[Thomas Madiou]])</small> |
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|casualties2= 800 killed <small>(French claim)</small><br>300 killed <small>([[Thomas Madiou]])</small><br>Minor losses <small>(Bell)</small><ref name="msb"/> |
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|casualties2= |
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|notes= |
|notes= |
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The '''Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres''' ([[Haitian Creole]]: ''Batay Ravin Koulèv''), fought on 23 February 1802, was a major battle of the [[Saint-Domingue expedition]] during the [[Haitian Revolution]]. |
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The '''Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres''' (in [[Haitian Creole]] ''Batay Ravin Koulèv'', sometimes in English '''Battle of Snake Gully''') was a major battle of the [[Haitian Revolution]]. A [[France|French]] division under General [[Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau|Donatien de Rochambeau]] was advancing down a ravine (the Ravine-à-Couleuvres), towards the city of [[Lacroix, Artibonite|Lacroix]], [[Haiti]]. The leader of the Haitian revolutionary forces, [[Toussaint Louverture]], temporarily stopped his advance toward the city of [[Gonaïves]] after a bloody struggle, which was a short distance from Lacroix. That gave the commander of Gonaïves, general [[Vernet]]{{disambiguation needed|date=January 2012}}, time to burn and evacuate the city with his troops. |
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A French division under General [[Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau|Donatien de Rochambeau]] was advancing down a ravine (the Ravine-à-Couleuvres), towards Lacroix, [[Artibonite (department)|Artibonite]], where they attacked the army of [[Toussaint Louverture]]. Louverture's forces consisted of 1,500 elite [[grenadier]]s, 1,000 grenadiers in different [[Demi-brigade]]s, 400 [[dragoon]]s. Louverture's forces resisted the attack strongly, but had to retreat across the Petite-Rivière after suffering 800 deaths.<ref name="vsch">{{cite book|author=Victor Schœlcher|title=Vie de Toussaint Louverture|publisher=Éditions Karthala|orig-year=1889|year=1982|pages=331–332|isbn=9782865370436}}</ref> |
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In a statement made at the [[Fort de Joux]], Louverture claimed that his forces consisted of 300 grenadiers and 60 cavalry, although other sources indicate that his forces contained over 3,000 regular infantry troops. However, it is almost certain that many of his forces - up to 2,000 men - were agricultural workers who joined the rebel forces. Louverture wrote that the French forces contained over 4,000 infantry soldiers, but according to the novelist and historian Madison Smartt Bell, Rochambeau probably landed at [[Fort-Liberté]] with 1,800 men, but not all of these would have marched on [[Gonaïves]].<ref name="msb">{{cite book|author=Madison Smartt Bell|title=Toussaint Louverture|publisher=Actes Sud|year=2007|pages=[https://archive.org/details/toussaintlouvert00bell/page/288 288-289]|isbn=9780375423376|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/toussaintlouvert00bell/page/288}}</ref> |
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{{coord missing|Haiti}} |
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Prior to the battle on 22 February 1802, the French occupied the heights of Morne Barade and were attacked by rebel troops; the battle raged throughout the night and the French forces successfully resisted the attack. The following morning, the Haitian forces advanced out of the Ravine-à-Couleuvres as the French were travelling down it towards Lacroix, while Louverture rallied his cavalry.<ref name="vsch"/> According to Bell, the losses of Louverture's army were minor.<ref name="msb"/> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Haiti-stub}} |
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{{France-battle-stub}} |
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[[Category:1802 in the French colonial empire]] |
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[[Category:February 1802 events]] |
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Latest revision as of 12:50, 14 October 2024
| Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Saint-Domingue expedition | |||||||
,_par_Karl_Girardet,_grav%C3%A9_par_Jean-Jacques_Outhwaite.jpg) Depiction of the battle by Karl Girardet | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 France |
 Armée Indigène | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Donatien de Rochambeau | Toussaint Louverture | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 3,000 infantry |
2,500 infantry 400 cavalry | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 200 killed (Thomas Madiou) |
800 killed (French claim) 300 killed (Thomas Madiou) Minor losses (Bell)[1] | ||||||
The Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres (Haitian Creole: Batay Ravin Koulèv), fought on 23 February 1802, was a major battle of the Saint-Domingue expedition during the Haitian Revolution.
A French division under General Donatien de Rochambeau was advancing down a ravine (the Ravine-à-Couleuvres), towards Lacroix, Artibonite, where they attacked the army of Toussaint Louverture. Louverture's forces consisted of 1,500 elite grenadiers, 1,000 grenadiers in different Demi-brigades, 400 dragoons. Louverture's forces resisted the attack strongly, but had to retreat across the Petite-Rivière after suffering 800 deaths.[2]
In a statement made at the Fort de Joux, Louverture claimed that his forces consisted of 300 grenadiers and 60 cavalry, although other sources indicate that his forces contained over 3,000 regular infantry troops. However, it is almost certain that many of his forces - up to 2,000 men - were agricultural workers who joined the rebel forces. Louverture wrote that the French forces contained over 4,000 infantry soldiers, but according to the novelist and historian Madison Smartt Bell, Rochambeau probably landed at Fort-Liberté with 1,800 men, but not all of these would have marched on Gonaïves.[1]
Prior to the battle on 22 February 1802, the French occupied the heights of Morne Barade and were attacked by rebel troops; the battle raged throughout the night and the French forces successfully resisted the attack. The following morning, the Haitian forces advanced out of the Ravine-à-Couleuvres as the French were travelling down it towards Lacroix, while Louverture rallied his cavalry.[2] According to Bell, the losses of Louverture's army were minor.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Madison Smartt Bell (2007). Toussaint Louverture. Actes Sud. pp. 288-289. ISBN 9780375423376.
- ^ a b Victor Schœlcher (1982) [1889]. Vie de Toussaint Louverture. Éditions Karthala. pp. 331–332. ISBN 9782865370436.
External links
[edit]- Ravine-à-Couleuvres[dead link]. The Louverture Project.