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{{short description|American photographer}}
{{Short description|American photographer}}
{{about|the photographer|the film director|Lee Friedlander (film director)}}
{{about|the photographer|the film director|Lee Friedlander (film director)}}
{{use mdy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{use mdy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{BLP sources|date=April 2019}}
{{BLP sources|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox artist
{{Infobox artist
| honorific_prefix =
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| name = Lee Friedlander
| name = Lee Friedlander
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| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1934|07|14}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1934|07|14}}
| birth_place = [[Aberdeen, Washington|Aberdeen]], Washington
| birth_place = [[Aberdeen, Washington]], U.S.
| nationality = American
| nationality =
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| alma_mater = [[Art Center College of Design]]
| alma_mater = [[Art Center College of Design]]
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| spouse = {{marriage|Maria|1958}}
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'''Lee Friedlander''' (born July 14, 1934) is an American [[photographer]] and [[artist]]. In the 1960s and 1970s, Friedlander evolved an influential and often imitated visual language of urban "social landscape," with many of his photographs including fragments of store-front reflections, structures framed by fences, posters and street signs.
'''Lee Friedlander''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|r|iː|d|l|æ|n|d|ər}}; born July 14, 1934) is an American photographer and artist. In the 1960s and 1970s, Friedlander evolved an influential and often imitated visual language of urban "social landscape," with many of his photographs including fragments of store-front reflections, structures framed by fences, posters and street signs. His work is characterized by its innovative use of framing and reflection, often using the natural environment or architectural elements to frame his subjects. Over the course of his career, Friedlander has been the recipient of numerous awards and his work has been exhibited in major museums and galleries worldwide ([[Museum of Modern Art|Museum of Modern Art, New York]]. [[Corcoran Gallery of Art]]. [[National Gallery of Victoria|National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lee Friedlander |url=https://lucies.org/jury/lee-friedlander/ |access-date=2023-07-13 |website=LUCIES}}</ref>


== Life and work ==
== Life and work ==
Friedlander was born in [[Aberdeen, Washington|Aberdeen]], Washington on July 14, 1934<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theartstory.org/artist/friedlander-lee/life-and-legacy/|title=Lee Friedlander – Biography and Legacy}}</ref> to Kaari Nurmi (Finnish descent) and Fritz (Fred) Friedlander (a German-Jewish émigré). His mother Kaari died of cancer when he was seven years old. Already earning pocket-money as a photographer since he was 14, he went on at the age of 18, to study photography at the [[Art Center College of Design]] in Pasadena, California. In 1956, he moved to New York City, where he photographed [[jazz]] musicians for record covers. His early work was influenced by [[Eugène Atget]], [[Robert Frank]], and [[Walker Evans]]. In 1960, Friedlander was awarded a [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] to focus on his art, and was awarded subsequent grants in 1962 and 1977. Some of his most famous photographs appeared in the September 1985 [[Playboy (magazine)|''Playboy'']], black and white nude photographs of [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]] from the late 1970s. A student at the time, she was paid $25 for her 1979 set. In 2009, one of the images fetched $37,500 at a [[Christie's]] Art House auction.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/SHOWBIZ/Music/02/12/madonna.photo.auction/index.html?iref=mpstoryview |title=Nude photo of Madonna goes for $37,500 |date=12 February 2009 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref>
Friedlander was born in [[Aberdeen, Washington]], on July 14, 1934<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theartstory.org/artist/friedlander-lee/life-and-legacy/|title=Lee Friedlander – Biography and Legacy}}</ref> to Kaari Nurmi (Finnish descent) and Fritz (Fred) Friedlander (a German-Jewish émigré). His mother died of cancer when he was seven years old.


Already earning pocket-money as a photographer by age 14, he went on at the age of 18 to study photography at the [[Art Center College of Design]] in [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]], California. In 1956, he moved to New York City, where he photographed [[jazz]] musicians for record album covers. His early work was influenced by [[Eugène Atget]], [[Robert Frank]] and [[Walker Evans]]. Friedlander is regarded as one of Atget's heirs.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Frizot |first=Michel |title=A New history of photography |date=May 15, 1998 |publisher=Konemann |isbn=3-8290-1328-0}}</ref> In 1960, Friedlander was awarded a [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] to focus on his art, and was awarded subsequent grants in 1962 and 1977. Some of his most famous photographs appeared in the September 1985 [[Playboy (magazine)|''Playboy'']], black and white nude photographs of [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]] from the late 1970s. A student at the time, she was paid $25 for her 1979 set. In 2009, one of the images fetched $37,500 at a [[Christie's]] Art House auction.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/SHOWBIZ/Music/02/12/madonna.photo.auction/index.html?iref=mpstoryview |title=Nude photo of Madonna goes for $37,500 |date=12 February 2009 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref>
⚫
Working primarily with hand-held [[Leica Camera|Leica]] [[135 film|35 mm]] cameras and [[black-and-white]] film, Friedlander's style focused on the "social landscape". His photographs used detached images of urban life, store-front reflections, structures framed by fences, and posters and signs all combining to capture the look of modern life.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}


⚫
Working primarily with hand-held [[Leica Camera|Leica]] [[135 film|35 mm]] cameras and [[black-and-white]] film, Friedlander's style has focused on the "social landscape." His photographs used detached images of urban life, store-front reflections, structures framed by fences, and posters and signs all combining to capture the look of "modern life."{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}
⚫
In 1963, [[Nathan Lyons]], assistant director and Curator of Photography at the International Museum of Photography at [[George Eastman House]] mounted Friedlander's first solo exhibition.<ref name="utpress.utexas.edu">{{cite book |url=http://utpress.utexas.edu/index.php/books/mcdnat |editor-last=McDonald|editor-first=Jessica|title=Nathan Lyons: Selected Essays, Lectures, and Interviews|series=Harry Ransom Photography Series|location=Austin |publisher=[[University of Texas Press]]. 2012|page=10|isbn=978-0-292-73771-6|date=2012-06-05 }}</ref> Friedlander was then a key figure in curator [[John Szarkowski|John Szarkowski's]] 1967 "[[New Documents]]" exhibition, at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] in New York along with [[Garry Winogrand]] and [[Diane Arbus]].<ref name="moma-press-release">{{cite web|url = https://www.moma.org/momaorg/shared/pdfs/docs/press_archives/3860/releases/MOMA_1967_Jan-June_0034_21.pdf?2010 | access-date = 26 December 2014 | publisher = [[Museum of Modern Art]] | title = No. 21}}</ref><ref name="guardian-ohagan">{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/jul/20/john-szarkowski-photography-moma | date = 20 July 2010 | access-date = 26 December 2014 | first = Sean | last = O'Hagan | author-link = Sean O'Hagan (journalist) | newspaper = [[The Guardian]] | title = Was John Szarkowski the most influential person in 20th-century photography?}}</ref> In 1973, his work was honored at the [[Rencontres d'Arles]] festival in France with the screening "Soirée américaine : Judy Dater, Jack Welpott, Jerry Uelsmann, Lee Friedlander" presented by Jean-Claude Lemagny. In 1990, the [[MacArthur Foundation]] awarded Friedlander a [[MacArthur Fellows Program|MacArthur Fellowship]]. In 2005, the Museum of Modern Art presented a major retrospective of Friedlander's career,<ref name="moma-retrospective">{{cite web|url=http://www.moma.org/visit/calendar/exhibitions/113 |title=Friedlander|website=[[Museum of Modern Art]]|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref> including nearly 400 photographs from the 1950s to the present; it was presented again in 2008 at the [[San Francisco Museum of Modern Art]].<ref name="sfmoma-retrospective">{{cite web |url=http://www.sfmoma.org/exhibitions/exhib_detail.asp?id=304 |title=Exhibition Overview: Friedlander |location=San Francisco |publisher=[[Museum of Modern Art]]}}</ref> In 2022, contemporary photographer [[Joseph Maida]] discussed Friedlander's work from the 1970s and 80's in his monograph ''A Third Look,''.<ref name="nyt">{{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/03/t-magazine/adir-abergel-beauty-hair.html | title=A Re-Examination of the Nude | work=New York Times Style Magazine | date=March 3, 2022 | accessdate=April 22, 2022 | author=Quinlan, Adriane}}</ref>


⚫
In 1963, [[Nathan Lyons]], assistant director and Curator of Photography at the International Museum of Photography at [[George Eastman House]], mounted Friedlander's first solo exhibition.<ref name="utpress.utexas.edu">{{cite book |url=http://utpress.utexas.edu/index.php/books/mcdnat |editor-last=McDonald|editor-first=Jessica|title=Nathan Lyons: Selected Essays, Lectures, and Interviews|series=Harry Ransom Photography Series|location=Austin |publisher=[[University of Texas Press]]. 2012|page=10|isbn=978-0-292-73771-6|date=2012-06-05 }}</ref> Friedlander was then a key figure in curator [[John Szarkowski|John Szarkowski's]] 1967 "[[New Documents]]" exhibition, at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] in New York along with [[Garry Winogrand]] and [[Diane Arbus]].<ref name="moma-press-release">{{cite web|url = https://www.moma.org/momaorg/shared/pdfs/docs/press_archives/3860/releases/MOMA_1967_Jan-June_0034_21.pdf?2010 | access-date = 26 December 2014 | publisher = [[Museum of Modern Art]] | title = No. 21}}</ref><ref name="guardian-ohagan">{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/jul/20/john-szarkowski-photography-moma | date = 20 July 2010 | access-date = 26 December 2014 | first = Sean | last = O'Hagan | author-link = Sean O'Hagan (journalist) | newspaper = [[The Guardian]] | title = Was John Szarkowski the most influential person in 20th-century photography?}}</ref> In 1973, his work was honored at the [[Rencontres d'Arles]] festival in France with the screening "Soirée américaine : Judy Dater, Jack Welpott, Jerry Uelsmann, Lee Friedlander" presented by Jean-Claude Lemagny. In 1990, the [[MacArthur Foundation]] awarded Friedlander a [[MacArthur Fellows Program|MacArthur Fellowship]]. In 2005, the Museum of Modern Art presented a major retrospective of Friedlander's career,<ref name="moma-retrospective">{{cite web|url=http://www.moma.org/visit/calendar/exhibitions/113 |title=Friedlander|website=[[Museum of Modern Art]]|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref> including nearly 400 photographs from the 1950s to the present; it was presented again in 2008 at the [[San Francisco Museum of Modern Art]].<ref name="sfmoma-retrospective">{{cite web |url=http://www.sfmoma.org/exhibitions/exhib_detail.asp?id=304 |title=Exhibition Overview: Friedlander |location=San Francisco |publisher=[[Museum of Modern Art]]}}</ref> In 2022, contemporary photographer [[Joseph Maida]] discussed Friedlander's work from the 1970s and 80's in his monograph ''A Third Look,''.<ref name="nyt">{{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/03/t-magazine/adir-abergel-beauty-hair.html | title=A Re-Examination of the Nude | work=New York Times Style Magazine | date=March 3, 2022 | accessdate=April 22, 2022 | author=Quinlan, Adriane}}</ref>
⚫
While suffering from arthritis and housebound, he focused on photographing his surroundings. His book ''Stems'' reflects his life during the time of his knee replacement surgery. He has said that his "limbs" reminded him of plant stems.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}


In 2023, [[Joel Coen]] curated an exhibition of 70 of Friedlander's photographs, which were shown (45 different photographs at each site) at the Fraenkel Gallery in San Francisco and in New York at Luhring Augustine.<ref>[https://fraenkelgallery.com/exhibitions/lee-friedlander-framed-by-joel-coen "Lee Friedlander Framed by Joel Coen, May 6–Jun 24, 2023. An exhibition of the inimitable photographer’s work, curated by the acclaimed filmmaker"]</ref>
⚫
Friedlander began photographing parks designed by [[Frederick Law Olmsted]] for a six-year commission from the [[Canadian Centre for Architecture]] in Montreal beginning in 1988. After completing the commission he continued to photograph Olmsted parks, for twenty years in total. His series includes New York City's Central Park; Brooklyn's Prospect Park; Manhattan's Morningside Park; World's End in Hingham, Massachusetts; Cherokee Park in Louisville, Kentucky; and Niagara Falls State Park. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the design for Central Park, the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] held an exhibition of Friedlander's photographs of that park and a book was published, ''Photographs: Frederick Law Olmsted Landscapes''.<ref name="met-olmsted">{{cite web | url = http://www.metmuseum.org/about-the-museum/press-room/exhibitions/2008/lee-friedlander-a-ramble-in-olmsted-parks | access-date = 8 February 2015 | publisher = [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] | title = Lee Friedlander: A Ramble in Olmsted Parks}}</ref><ref name="kennedy-nyt">{{cite news | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/03/arts/design/03frie.html?_r=0 | date = 3 January 2008 | access-date = 8 February 2015 | first = Randy | last = Kennedy | newspaper = [[The New York Times]] | title = Compositions That Come Naturally}}</ref>

⚫
While suffering from arthritis and housebound, he focused on photographing his surroundings. His book ''Stems'' reflects his life during the time of his knee replacement surgery. He has said that his "limbs" reminded him of plant stems.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}


⚫
Friedlander began photographing parks designed by [[Frederick Law Olmsted]] for a six-year commission from the [[Canadian Centre for Architecture]] in [[Montreal]], beginning in 1988. After completing the commission he continued to photograph Olmsted-designed parks for 20 years in total. His series includes New York City's [[Central Park]]; Brooklyn's [[Prospect Park (Brooklyn)|Prospect Park]]; Manhattan's Morningside Park; World's End in Hingham, Massachusetts; Cherokee Park in Louisville, Kentucky; and [[Niagara Falls]] State Park. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the design for Central Park, the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] held an exhibition of Friedlander's photographs of that park and a book was published, ''Photographs: Frederick Law Olmsted Landscapes''.<ref name="met-olmsted">{{cite web | url = http://www.metmuseum.org/about-the-museum/press-room/exhibitions/2008/lee-friedlander-a-ramble-in-olmsted-parks | access-date = 8 February 2015 | publisher = [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] | title = Lee Friedlander: A Ramble in Olmsted Parks}}</ref><ref name="kennedy-nyt">{{cite news | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/03/arts/design/03frie.html?_r=0 | date = 3 January 2008 | access-date = 8 February 2015 | first = Randy | last = Kennedy | newspaper = [[The New York Times]] | title = Compositions That Come Naturally}}</ref> "
⚫
He now works primarily with [[Medium format (film)|medium format]] cameras such as the [[Hasselblad]] Superwide.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}


⚫
Friedlander now works primarily with [[Medium format (film)|medium format]] cameras, such as the [[Hasselblad]] Superwide.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}
⚫
== Personal life ==


⚫
==Personal life==
It has been claimed that Friedlander is "notoriously media shy".<ref name="kennedy-nyt" />
It has been claimed that Friedlander is "notoriously media shy,"<ref name="kennedy-nyt" /> but he did grant an interview to ''[[The New York Times]]'' in April 2023, in which he discussed his work.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/01/arts/design/joel-coen-lee-friedlander-book-photography.html "Filmmaker Joel Coen Puts His Spin on the Photos of Lee Friedlander, Working in his California home 3,000 miles away during Covid, the director struck a sympathetic chord with the venerated photographer. A book and two gallery shows resulted," by Arthur Lubow, The New York Times, May 1, 2023]</ref>


He married his wife Maria in 1958.<ref name="maria">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/photo-booth/lee-friedlanders-intimate-portraits-of-his-wife-through-sixty-years-of-marriage|title=Lee Friedlander's Intimate Portraits of His Wife, Through Sixty Years of Marriage|first=Chris|last=Wiley|date=January 11, 2019|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]}}</ref> She has been the subject of many of his portraits.<ref name="maria" />
He married his wife Maria in 1958.<ref name="maria">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/photo-booth/lee-friedlanders-intimate-portraits-of-his-wife-through-sixty-years-of-marriage|title=Lee Friedlander's Intimate Portraits of His Wife, Through Sixty Years of Marriage|first=Chris|last=Wiley|date=January 11, 2019|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]}}</ref> She has been the subject of many of his portraits.<ref name="maria" />


Their daughter Anna is married to photographer [[Thomas Roma]].
Their daughter Anna is married to photographer [[Thomas Roma]]. Their son [[Erik Friedlander|Erik]] is a cellist and composer.


== Publications ==
==Publications==
{{Expand section|date=October 2016}}
* ''E.J. Bellocq: Storyville Portraits. Photographs from the New Orleans Red-Light District, Circa 1912''. New York: [[Museum of Modern Art]], 1970. With a preface by Friedlander.
* ''E.J. Bellocq: Storyville Portraits. Photographs from the New Orleans Red-Light District, Circa 1912''. New York: [[Museum of Modern Art]], 1970. With a preface by Friedlander.
* ''Self Portrait.''
* ''Self Portrait.''
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* ''Children: The Human Clay: Volume 2.'' New Haven, CT: Yale University, 2015. {{ISBN|978-0-300-21519-9}}.
* ''Children: The Human Clay: Volume 2.'' New Haven, CT: Yale University, 2015. {{ISBN|978-0-300-21519-9}}.
* ''Street: The Human Clay: Volume 3.'' New Haven, CT: Yale University, 2016. {{ISBN|978-0-300-22177-0}}.
* ''Street: The Human Clay: Volume 3.'' New Haven, CT: Yale University, 2016. {{ISBN|978-0-300-22177-0}}.
* Lee Friedlander: Western Landscapes. New Haven, CT: Yale University Art Gallery, 2016. ISBN 978-0-300-22301-9.
* ''Head.'' Oakland, CA: TBW Books, 2017. Subscription Series #5, Book #4. {{ISBN|978-1-942953-28-9}}. Edition of 1000 copies. Friedlander, [[Mike Mandel]], [[Susan Meiselas]] and Bill Burke each had one book in a set of four.
* ''Head.'' Oakland, CA: TBW Books, 2017. Subscription Series #5, Book #4. {{ISBN|978-1-942953-28-9}}. Edition of 1000 copies. Friedlander, [[Mike Mandel]], [[Susan Meiselas]] and Bill Burke each had one book in a set of four.


== Awards ==
==Awards==
* 1960: [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] from the [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]].<ref name="guggenheim-fellowship-1960">{{cite web | url = http://www.gf.org/fellows/4915-lee-friedlander | access-date = 26 December 2014 | publisher = [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]] | title = Lee Friedlander | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141226151154/http://www.gf.org/fellows/4915-lee-friedlander | archive-date = 26 December 2014 }}</ref>
* 1960: [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] from the [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]].<ref name="guggenheim-fellowship-1960">{{cite web | url = http://www.gf.org/fellows/4915-lee-friedlander | access-date = 26 December 2014 | publisher = [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]] | title = Lee Friedlander | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141226151154/http://www.gf.org/fellows/4915-lee-friedlander | archive-date = 26 December 2014 }}</ref>
* 1962: Guggenheim Fellowship from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation.<ref name="gf.org">{{Cite web|title=John Simon Guggenheim Foundation {{!}} Lee Friedlander|url=https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/lee-friedlander/|access-date=2020-08-26|language=en-US}}</ref>
* 1962: Guggenheim Fellowship from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation.<ref name="gf.org">{{Cite web|title=John Simon Guggenheim Foundation {{!}} Lee Friedlander|url=https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/lee-friedlander/|access-date=2020-08-26|language=en-US}}</ref>
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* 2018: Lifetime Achievement, [[Lucie Awards]].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2018-08-09|title=The Lucie Awards|url=http://www.lucies.org/honorees/lee-friedlander/|website=[[Lucie Awards]]}}</ref>
* 2018: Lifetime Achievement, [[Lucie Awards]].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2018-08-09|title=The Lucie Awards|url=http://www.lucies.org/honorees/lee-friedlander/|website=[[Lucie Awards]]}}</ref>


== Exhibitions ==
==Exhibitions==
=== Solo exhibitions ===
===Solo exhibitions===
* 1963: [[George Eastman House]], curated by [[Nathan Lyons]]. Friedlander's first solo exhibition.<ref name="utpress.utexas.edu" />
* 1963: [[George Eastman House]], curated by [[Nathan Lyons]]. Friedlander's first solo exhibition.<ref name="utpress.utexas.edu" />
* 1986: ''Cherry Blossom Time in Japan,'' [[Laurence Miller Gallery]], New York City.
* 1986: ''Cherry Blossom Time in Japan,'' [[Laurence Miller Gallery]], New York City.
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* 2018: ''Lee Friedlander: American Musicians,'' New Orleans Museum of Art, New Orleans, LA.<ref>{{cite news|access-date=2018-05-04|title=Lee Friedlander: American Musicians|url=https://noma.org/exhibitions/lee-friedlander-american-musicians/|newspaper=New Orleans Museum of Art}}</ref>
* 2018: ''Lee Friedlander: American Musicians,'' New Orleans Museum of Art, New Orleans, LA.<ref>{{cite news|access-date=2018-05-04|title=Lee Friedlander: American Musicians|url=https://noma.org/exhibitions/lee-friedlander-american-musicians/|newspaper=New Orleans Museum of Art}}</ref>


=== Group exhibitions ===
===Group exhibitions===
* 1966: ''Toward a Social Landscape,'' [[George Eastman Museum|George Eastman House]], Rochester, NY. Photographs by Friedlander, [[Bruce Davidson (photographer)|Bruce Davidson]], [[Danny Lyon]], [[Duane Michals]], and [[Garry Winogrand]]. Curated by [[Nathan Lyons]].<ref name="toward-a-social-landscape">{{cite book | last= Lyons | first= Nathan | author-link = Nathan Lyons | title = Toward a Social Landscape: Bruce Davidson, Lee Friedlander, Garry Winogrand, Danny Lyons, Duane Michals | year= 1966 | publisher= Horizon Press | location= New York, NY | oclc = 542009}}</ref>
* 1966: ''Toward a Social Landscape,'' [[George Eastman Museum|George Eastman House]], Rochester, NY. Photographs by Friedlander, [[Bruce Davidson (photographer)|Bruce Davidson]], [[Danny Lyon]], [[Duane Michals]], and [[Garry Winogrand]]. Curated by [[Nathan Lyons]].<ref name="toward-a-social-landscape">{{cite book | last= Lyons | first= Nathan | author-link = Nathan Lyons | title = Toward a Social Landscape: Bruce Davidson, Lee Friedlander, Garry Winogrand, Danny Lyons, Duane Michals | year= 1966 | publisher= Horizon Press | location= New York, NY | oclc = 542009}}</ref>
* 1967: ''[[New Documents]],'' [[Museum of Modern Art]], New York. With [[Garry Winogrand]] and [[Diane Arbus]], curated by [[John Szarkowski]].<ref name="moma-press-release" /><ref name="guardian-ohagan" />
* 1967: ''[[New Documents]],'' [[Museum of Modern Art]], New York. With [[Garry Winogrand]] and [[Diane Arbus]], curated by [[John Szarkowski]].<ref name="moma-press-release" /><ref name="guardian-ohagan" />
* 1996: ''Viewing Olmsted,'' [[Canadian Centre for Architecture]], Montreal. Photographs by Robert Burley, Lee Friedlander, and [[Geoffrey James (photographer)|Geoffrey James]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Viewing Olmsted: Photographs by Robert Burley, Lee Friedlander, and Geoffrey James |url=https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/events/2646/viewing-olmsted-photographs-by-robert-burley-lee-friedlander-and-geoffrey-james |website=[[Canadian Centre for Architecture]] |access-date=8 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Olmsted, Burley, Friedlander, James: Three Contemporary Photographers Interpret the Work of Frederick Law Olmsted |url=https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/articles/issues/11/nature-reorganized/20/olmsted-burley-friedlander-james |website=[[Canadian Centre for Architecture]] |access-date=8 May 2020}}</ref>
* 1996: ''Viewing Olmsted,'' [[Canadian Centre for Architecture]], Montreal. Photographs by Robert Burley, Lee Friedlander, and [[Geoffrey James (photographer)|Geoffrey James]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Viewing Olmsted: Photographs by Robert Burley, Lee Friedlander, and Geoffrey James |url=https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/events/2646/viewing-olmsted-photographs-by-robert-burley-lee-friedlander-and-geoffrey-james |website=[[Canadian Centre for Architecture]] |access-date=8 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Olmsted, Burley, Friedlander, James: Three Contemporary Photographers Interpret the Work of Frederick Law Olmsted |url=https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/articles/issues/11/nature-reorganized/20/olmsted-burley-friedlander-james |website=[[Canadian Centre for Architecture]] |access-date=8 May 2020}}</ref>


==References==
== Further reading ==
⚫
{{reflist|35em}}
⚫
* {{cite book|title=Lee Friedlander: "The Little Screens"|first=Saul|last=Anton|date=2015|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=978-1-84638-158-4}}


== References ==
==Further reading==
⚫
* {{cite book|title=Lee Friedlander: "The Little Screens"|first=Saul|last=Anton|date=2015|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=978-1-84638-158-4}}
⚫
{{reflist|2}}


== External links ==
==External links==
* {{MoMA artist|2002}}
* {{MoMA artist|2002}}
* [http://www.janetbordeninc.com/ Janet Borden, Inc.], Friedlander's New York representatives
* [http://www.janetbordeninc.com/ Janet Borden, Inc.], Friedlander's New York representatives
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[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Fine art photographers]]
[[Category:American fine art photographers]]
[[Category:Social documentary photographers]]
[[Category:Social documentary photographers]]
[[Category:Jazz photographers]]
[[Category:Jazz photographers]]
[[Category:MacArthur Fellows]]
[[Category:MacArthur Fellows]]
[[Category:People from Aberdeen, Washington]]
[[Category:People from Aberdeen, Washington]]
[[Category:Photography in Japan]]
[[Category:20th-century American photographers]]
[[Category:20th-century American photographers]]
[[Category:21st-century American photographers]]
[[Category:21st-century American photographers]]
[[Category:American people of Finnish descent]]
[[Category:American people of German-Jewish descent]]

Latest revision as of 21:10, 15 October 2024

This article is about the photographer. For the film director, see Lee Friedlander (film director).

Lee Friedlander
Born (1934-07-14) July 14, 1934 (age 90)
Aberdeen, Washington, U.S.
Alma materArt Center College of Design
Spouse
Maria
​
(m. 1958)​

Lee Friedlander (/ˈfriːdlændər/; born July 14, 1934) is an American photographer and artist. In the 1960s and 1970s, Friedlander evolved an influential and often imitated visual language of urban "social landscape," with many of his photographs including fragments of store-front reflections, structures framed by fences, posters and street signs. His work is characterized by its innovative use of framing and reflection, often using the natural environment or architectural elements to frame his subjects. Over the course of his career, Friedlander has been the recipient of numerous awards and his work has been exhibited in major museums and galleries worldwide (Museum of Modern Art, New York. Corcoran Gallery of Art. National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne).[1]

Life and work

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Friedlander was born in Aberdeen, Washington, on July 14, 1934[2] to Kaari Nurmi (Finnish descent) and Fritz (Fred) Friedlander (a German-Jewish émigré). His mother died of cancer when he was seven years old.

Already earning pocket-money as a photographer by age 14, he went on at the age of 18 to study photography at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California. In 1956, he moved to New York City, where he photographed jazz musicians for record album covers. His early work was influenced by Eugène Atget, Robert Frank and Walker Evans. Friedlander is regarded as one of Atget's heirs.[3] In 1960, Friedlander was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to focus on his art, and was awarded subsequent grants in 1962 and 1977. Some of his most famous photographs appeared in the September 1985 Playboy, black and white nude photographs of Madonna from the late 1970s. A student at the time, she was paid $25 for her 1979 set. In 2009, one of the images fetched $37,500 at a Christie's Art House auction.[4]

Working primarily with hand-held Leica 35 mm cameras and black-and-white film, Friedlander's style has focused on the "social landscape." His photographs used detached images of urban life, store-front reflections, structures framed by fences, and posters and signs all combining to capture the look of "modern life."[citation needed]

In 1963, Nathan Lyons, assistant director and Curator of Photography at the International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House, mounted Friedlander's first solo exhibition.[5] Friedlander was then a key figure in curator John Szarkowski's 1967 "New Documents" exhibition, at the Museum of Modern Art in New York along with Garry Winogrand and Diane Arbus.[6][7] In 1973, his work was honored at the Rencontres d'Arles festival in France with the screening "Soirée américaine : Judy Dater, Jack Welpott, Jerry Uelsmann, Lee Friedlander" presented by Jean-Claude Lemagny. In 1990, the MacArthur Foundation awarded Friedlander a MacArthur Fellowship. In 2005, the Museum of Modern Art presented a major retrospective of Friedlander's career,[8] including nearly 400 photographs from the 1950s to the present; it was presented again in 2008 at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.[9] In 2022, contemporary photographer Joseph Maida discussed Friedlander's work from the 1970s and 80's in his monograph A Third Look,.[10]

In 2023, Joel Coen curated an exhibition of 70 of Friedlander's photographs, which were shown (45 different photographs at each site) at the Fraenkel Gallery in San Francisco and in New York at Luhring Augustine.[11]

While suffering from arthritis and housebound, he focused on photographing his surroundings. His book Stems reflects his life during the time of his knee replacement surgery. He has said that his "limbs" reminded him of plant stems.[citation needed]

Friedlander began photographing parks designed by Frederick Law Olmsted for a six-year commission from the Canadian Centre for Architecture in Montreal, beginning in 1988. After completing the commission he continued to photograph Olmsted-designed parks for 20 years in total. His series includes New York City's Central Park; Brooklyn's Prospect Park; Manhattan's Morningside Park; World's End in Hingham, Massachusetts; Cherokee Park in Louisville, Kentucky; and Niagara Falls State Park. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the design for Central Park, the Metropolitan Museum of Art held an exhibition of Friedlander's photographs of that park and a book was published, Photographs: Frederick Law Olmsted Landscapes.[12][13] "

Friedlander now works primarily with medium format cameras, such as the Hasselblad Superwide.[citation needed]

Personal life

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It has been claimed that Friedlander is "notoriously media shy,"[13] but he did grant an interview to The New York Times in April 2023, in which he discussed his work.[14]

He married his wife Maria in 1958.[15] She has been the subject of many of his portraits.[15]

Their daughter Anna is married to photographer Thomas Roma. Their son Erik is a cellist and composer.

Publications

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  • E.J. Bellocq: Storyville Portraits. Photographs from the New Orleans Red-Light District, Circa 1912. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1970. With a preface by Friedlander.
  • Self Portrait.
    • New City, NY: Self-published / Haywire Press, 1970.
    • New York: Distributed Art Publishers; San Francisco: Fraenkel Gallery, 1998. ISBN 1-881616-96-7. Revised edition. By Friedlander and John Szarkowski.
    • New York: Museum of Modern Art, 2005. ISBN 0-87070-338-2. With a preface by Friedlander and an afterword by John Szarkowski, "The Friedlander Self". According to the colophon, "This third edition retains the new material of the 1998 edition except in its design, which returns to that of the original book."
  • The American Monument. New York: Eakins Press Foundation, 1976. ISBN 0-87130-043-5.
  • Lee Friedlander Photographs. New City, NY: Self-published / Haywire Press, 1978.
  • Factory Valleys: Ohio & Pennsylvania. New York: Callaway Editions, 1982. ISBN 0-935112-04-9.
  • Lee Friedlander Portraits. Boston: Little, Brown, 1985. ISBN 0-8212-1602-3.
  • Like a One-Eyed Cat: Photographs by Lee Friedlander, 1956–1987. New York: Harry N. Abrams in association with the Seattle Art Museum, 1989. ISBN 0-8109-1274-0.
  • CRAY at Chippewa Falls: Photographs by Lee Friedlander, Cray Research, Inc., 1987. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 86-73134
  • Nudes. New York: Pantheon, 1991. ISBN 0-679-40484-8.
  • The Jazz People of New Orleans. New York: Pantheon, 1992. ISBN 0-679-41638-2.
  • Maria. Washington: Smithsonian, 1992. ISBN 1-56098-207-1.
  • Letters from the People.
  • Bellocq: Photographs from Storyville, the Red-Light District of New Orleans. New York: Random House, 1996. ISBN 0-679-44975-2.
  • The Desert Seen. New York: Distributed Art Publishers, 1996. ISBN 1-881616-75-4.
  • Viewing Olmsted: Photographs by Robert Burley, Lee Friedlander, and Geoffrey James. Montréal: Canadian Centre for Architecture, 1996. ISBN 0-920785-58-1. By Phyllis Lambert.[16]
  • American Musicians: Photographs by Lee Friedlander. New York: Distributed Art Publishers, 1998. ISBN 1-56466-056-7. By Friedlander, Steve Lacy, and Ruth Brown.
  • Lee Friedlander. San Francisco: Fraenkel Gallery, 2000. ISBN 1-881337-09-X.
  • Lee Friedlander at Work. New York: Distributed Art Publishers, 2002. ISBN 1-891024-48-5.
  • Stems. New York: Distributed Art Publishers, 2003. ISBN 1-891024-75-2.
  • Lee Friedlander: Sticks and Stones: Architectural America. San Francisco: Fraenkel Gallery, 2004. ISBN 1-891024-97-3. By Friedlander and James Enyeart.
  • Friedlander. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 2005. ISBN 0-87070-343-9. By Peter Galassi.
  • Cherry Blossom Time in Japan: The Complete Works. San Francisco: Fraenkel Gallery, 2006. ISBN 1-881337-20-0.
  • Lee Friedlander: New Mexico. Santa Fe, NM: Radius Books, 2008. ISBN 978-1-934435-11-3. By Friedlander, Andrew Smith, and Emily Ballew Neff.
  • Photographs: Frederick Law Olmsted Landscapes. New York: Distributed Art Publishers, 2008. ISBN 978-1933045733.
  • America by Car. San Francisco: Fraenkel Gallery, 2010. ISBN 978-1-935202-08-0.
  • Portraits: The Human Clay: Volume 1. New Haven, CT: Yale University, 2015. ISBN 978-0-300-21520-5.
  • Children: The Human Clay: Volume 2. New Haven, CT: Yale University, 2015. ISBN 978-0-300-21519-9.
  • Street: The Human Clay: Volume 3. New Haven, CT: Yale University, 2016. ISBN 978-0-300-22177-0.
  • Lee Friedlander: Western Landscapes. New Haven, CT: Yale University Art Gallery, 2016. ISBN 978-0-300-22301-9.
  • Head. Oakland, CA: TBW Books, 2017. Subscription Series #5, Book #4. ISBN 978-1-942953-28-9. Edition of 1000 copies. Friedlander, Mike Mandel, Susan Meiselas and Bill Burke each had one book in a set of four.

Awards

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Exhibitions

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Solo exhibitions

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Group exhibitions

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References

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  1. ^ "Lee Friedlander". LUCIES. Retrieved July 13, 2023.
  2. ^ "Lee Friedlander – Biography and Legacy".
  3. ^ Frizot, Michel (May 15, 1998). A New history of photography. Konemann. ISBN 3-8290-1328-0.
  4. ^ "Nude photo of Madonna goes for $37,500". CNN. February 12, 2009.
  5. ^ a b McDonald, Jessica, ed. (June 5, 2012). Nathan Lyons: Selected Essays, Lectures, and Interviews. Harry Ransom Photography Series. Austin: University of Texas Press. 2012. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-292-73771-6.
  6. ^ a b "No. 21" (PDF). Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
  7. ^ a b O'Hagan, Sean (July 20, 2010). "Was John Szarkowski the most influential person in 20th-century photography?". The Guardian. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
  8. ^ a b "Friedlander". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved December 31, 2014.
  9. ^ a b "Exhibition Overview: Friedlander". San Francisco: Museum of Modern Art.
  10. ^ Quinlan, Adriane (March 3, 2022). "A Re-Examination of the Nude". New York Times Style Magazine. Retrieved April 22, 2022.
  11. ^ "Lee Friedlander Framed by Joel Coen, May 6–Jun 24, 2023. An exhibition of the inimitable photographer’s work, curated by the acclaimed filmmaker"
  12. ^ a b "Lee Friedlander: A Ramble in Olmsted Parks". Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  13. ^ a b Kennedy, Randy (January 3, 2008). "Compositions That Come Naturally". The New York Times. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  14. ^ "Filmmaker Joel Coen Puts His Spin on the Photos of Lee Friedlander, Working in his California home 3,000 miles away during Covid, the director struck a sympathetic chord with the venerated photographer. A book and two gallery shows resulted," by Arthur Lubow, The New York Times, May 1, 2023
  15. ^ a b Wiley, Chris (January 11, 2019). "Lee Friedlander's Intimate Portraits of His Wife, Through Sixty Years of Marriage". The New Yorker.
  16. ^ "Viewing Olmsted: Photographs by Robert Burley, Lee Friedlander and Geoffrey James". Canadian Centre for Architecture. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  17. ^ "Lee Friedlander". John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Archived from the original on December 26, 2014. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
  18. ^ a b "John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | Lee Friedlander". Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  19. ^ "Medal Day History". MacDowell Colony. Archived from the original on August 10, 2016. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
  20. ^ "MacDowell Medal winners 1960–2011". London: The Daily Telegraph. April 13, 2011. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
  21. ^ Holland, Bernard (August 10, 1987). "Bernstein Wins MacDowell Medal". The New York Times. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
  22. ^ "MacArthur Foundation". www.macfound.org. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  23. ^ Royal Photographic Society's Centenary Award Archived December 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Accessed 13 August 2012
  24. ^ "Lee Friedlander". Hasselblad Foundation. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
  25. ^ "2006 Infinity Award: Lifetime Achievement". International Center of Photography. April 3, 2006. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
  26. ^ "The Lucie Awards". Lucie Awards. Retrieved August 9, 2018.
  27. ^ "Letters from the People: Photographs by Lee Friedlander". Canadian Centre for Architecture. Retrieved April 9, 2020.
  28. ^ "Fraenkel Gallery: Past and future exhibitions". Art Net.
  29. ^ "Lee Friedlander: America by Car, September 4 – November 28, 2010". Whitney Museum of American Art. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
  30. ^ "Lee Friedlander in Louisiana". New Orleans Museum of Art. Retrieved May 4, 2018.
  31. ^ "Lee Friedlander: American Musicians". New Orleans Museum of Art. Retrieved May 4, 2018.
  32. ^ Lyons, Nathan (1966). Toward a Social Landscape: Bruce Davidson, Lee Friedlander, Garry Winogrand, Danny Lyons, Duane Michals. New York, NY: Horizon Press. OCLC 542009.
  33. ^ "Viewing Olmsted: Photographs by Robert Burley, Lee Friedlander, and Geoffrey James". Canadian Centre for Architecture. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  34. ^ "Olmsted, Burley, Friedlander, James: Three Contemporary Photographers Interpret the Work of Frederick Law Olmsted". Canadian Centre for Architecture. Retrieved May 8, 2020.

Further reading

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