Old Cordilleran culture: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Archaeological culture}} |
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The '''old Cordilleran culture''', also known as the '''Cascade phase''', is an ancient culture of [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]] that settled in the [[Pacific Northwest|Pacific Northwestern region]] of [[North America]] that existed from 9000 or 10000 BC until about 5500 BC. |
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The Cascade phase may be even older, depending on when human beings first arrived in America. They originated in [[Alaska]], and migrated to occupy a wide area as far as [[Idaho]] and the plateaus of [[California]], but they are generally not considered to be a maritime society. However, their spear points, or points resembling theirs, have been found as far south as [[Mexico]] and [[South America]].<ref name=lang>Josephy, Alvin M (August 26, 1991). ''The Indian Heritage of America''. Houghton Mifflin Books. ISBN |
The Cascade phase may be even older, depending on when human beings first arrived in America. They originated in [[Alaska]], and migrated to occupy a wide area as far as [[Idaho]] and the plateaus of [[California]], but they are generally not considered to be a maritime society. However, their spear points, or points resembling theirs, have been found as far south as [[Mexico]] and [[South America]].<ref name=lang>Josephy, Alvin M (August 26, 1991). ''The Indian Heritage of America''. Houghton Mifflin Books. {{ISBN|0-395-57320-3}}. p. 132</ref> This was the typical artifact of these people — a simple, bi-facial, leaf-shaped [[Cascade point|projectile point]] which average about {{convert|6|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} in length. These tools were used as [[spear]]s or [[Dart (missile)|dart]]s, or also [[knife|knives]], indicating the importance of hunting, although they also fished and gathered for subsistence. However, the main dependence was on land hunting, mostly of [[deer]], [[bison]], and other large mammals.<ref>"Old Cordilleran culture." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006.</ref><ref>Minnesota State University, EMuseum. [http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/northamerica/culture/w.coastcultures/oldcordilleran2.html Old Cordilleran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060831131510/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/northamerica/culture/w.coastcultures/oldcordilleran2.html |date=2006-08-31 }}. (URL accessed July 19, 2006).</ref> |
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The culture possibly spoke a Macro-[[Penutian languages|Penutian]] language (a hypothetical macrofamily which may include [[Penutian]], [[Uto-Aztecan]], and some other language families).<ref name=lang/> This culture also created the oldest attested examples of art in the [[Pacific Northwest]].<ref>Keyser, James D. (July 1, 1992). ''Indian Rock Art of the Columbia Plateau''. University of Washington Press. ISBN |
The culture possibly spoke a Macro-[[Penutian languages|Penutian]] language (a hypothetical macrofamily which may include [[Penutian]], [[Uto-Aztecan]], and some other language families).<ref name=lang/> This culture also created the oldest attested examples of art in the [[Pacific Northwest]].<ref>Keyser, James D. (July 1, 1992). ''Indian Rock Art of the Columbia Plateau''. University of Washington Press. {{ISBN|0-295-97160-6}}. pps. 24-5.</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[Cascade point]] |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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[[Category:Archaeology of the United States]] |
[[Category:Archaeology of the United States]] |
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[[Category:Archaeological cultures of North America]] |
[[Category:Archaeological cultures of North America]] |
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[[Category:History of |
[[Category:History of Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest]] |
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[[Category:10th-millennium BC establishments]] |
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Latest revision as of 06:30, 16 October 2024
The old Cordilleran culture, also known as the Cascade phase, is an ancient culture of Native Americans that settled in the Pacific Northwestern region of North America that existed from 9000 or 10000 BC until about 5500 BC.
The Cascade phase may be even older, depending on when human beings first arrived in America. They originated in Alaska, and migrated to occupy a wide area as far as Idaho and the plateaus of California, but they are generally not considered to be a maritime society. However, their spear points, or points resembling theirs, have been found as far south as Mexico and South America.[1] This was the typical artifact of these people — a simple, bi-facial, leaf-shaped projectile point which average about 6 cm (2.4 in) in length. These tools were used as spears or darts, or also knives, indicating the importance of hunting, although they also fished and gathered for subsistence. However, the main dependence was on land hunting, mostly of deer, bison, and other large mammals.[2][3]
The culture possibly spoke a Macro-Penutian language (a hypothetical macrofamily which may include Penutian, Uto-Aztecan, and some other language families).[1] This culture also created the oldest attested examples of art in the Pacific Northwest.[4]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b Josephy, Alvin M (August 26, 1991). The Indian Heritage of America. Houghton Mifflin Books. ISBN 0-395-57320-3. p. 132
- ^ "Old Cordilleran culture." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006.
- ^ Minnesota State University, EMuseum. Old Cordilleran Archived 2006-08-31 at the Wayback Machine. (URL accessed July 19, 2006).
- ^ Keyser, James D. (July 1, 1992). Indian Rock Art of the Columbia Plateau. University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-97160-6. pps. 24-5.
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