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{{Short description|Civil flag of Hesse}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox flag
{{Infobox flag
| Name = Hesse
| Name = Hesse
Line 7: Line 10:
| Symbol = {{FIAV|normal}}
| Symbol = {{FIAV|normal}}
| Proportion = 3:5 (or 1:2)
| Proportion = 3:5 (or 1:2)
| Adoption = Unknown, believed 1948
| Adoption = Approved 4 August, 1948
| Design = A bicolor of red over white.
| Design = A bicolour of red over white
| Nickname2 = ''Landesdienstflagge des Landes Hessen''
| Nickname2 = ''Landesdienstflagge des Landes Hessen''
| Image2 = Flag of Hesse (state).svg
| Image2 = Flag of Hesse (state).svg
Line 14: Line 17:
| Symbol2 = {{FIAV|normal}}
| Symbol2 = {{FIAV|normal}}
| Proportion2 = 3:5 (or 1:2)
| Proportion2 = 3:5 (or 1:2)
| Adoption2 = Unknown, believed 1948
| Adoption2 = Approved 4 August, 1948
| Design2 = The civil flag with the addition of the coat of arms.
| Design2 = The civil flag with the addition of the [[Coat of arms of Hesse|coat of arms]]
| Type = Land
}}
}}
The civil '''flag of [[Hesse]]''' consists of a bicolor of a red top and a bottom white stripe, in the proportion 3:5. The state flag is similar, except it is defaced with the coat of arms in the centre, and may only be used by government departments and services. It is the reverse of the [[flag of Thuringia]]<ref>{{Citation |author=State Chancellery |url=http://www.hessenrecht.hessen.de/gesetze/17_Orden/17-1-HoheitszeichenG/HoheitszeichenG.htm |title=Gesetz über die Hoheitszeichen des Landes Hessenn|year= 1948 |accessdate=2008-11-25 |language=de}}</ref> and, apart from the proportions and the shades of red, identical to the [[flag of Indonesia]] and the [[flag of Monaco]].
The civil '''flag of Hesse''', Germany, consists of a bicolour of a red top and a bottom white stripe, in the proportion 3:5. The state flag is similar, except it is emblazoned with the [[Coat of arms of Hesse|state coat of arms]] in the centre, and may only be used by government departments and services.

The colours red and white are based on that of the [[Ludovingians|Ludovingian]] coat of arms, showing a lion with a ninefold horizontal white and red division. The coat of arms was inherited by the [[House of Hesse]] upon its split from the
[[Duchy of Thuringia]] in 1247, and the flag came into use in the early modern [[Landgraviate of Hesse]]; the modern [[Grand Duchy of Hesse]] used a flag with two red stripes, as did the [[People's State of Hesse]] until 1933.

The [[flag of Thuringia]] was introduced in 1920, with its formation out of the fragmented [[Thuringian states]] (the Duchy of Thuringia had been absorbed into Saxony in 1400), as the reverse of the flag of Hesse.<ref>{{Citation |author=State Chancellery |url=http://www.hessenrecht.hessen.de/gesetze/17_Orden/17-1-HoheitszeichenG/HoheitszeichenG.htm |title=Gesetz über die Hoheitszeichen des Landes Hessenn|year= 1948 |accessdate=2008-11-25 |language=de}}</ref>

The civil flag of Hesse resembles that of [[Flag of Monaco|Monaco]] and, particularly, [[Flag of Indonesia|Indonesia.]]

It also resembles one of the [[flag of Alsace|flags of Alsace]].

The Hessian ministry of the interior designated several official flag days. On these days, the flag of Hesse (alongside the flags of the European Union and Germany) must be flown on all official buildings.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beflaggungstermine in Hessen {{!}} Hessisches Ministerium des Innern und für Sport|url=https://innen.hessen.de/buerger-staat/hessisches-landeswappen/beflaggungstermine-hessen|access-date=2021-04-22|website=innen.hessen.de|archive-date=17 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917231045/https://innen.hessen.de/buerger-staat/hessisches-landeswappen/beflaggungstermine-hessen|url-status=dead}}</ref> These days include:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Date
!Name
!Reason
|-
|27 January
|Commemoration Day for the Victims of National Socialism
|Anniversary of the Liberation of [[Auschwitz concentration camp]] (1945)
|-
|1 May
|[[Labour Day]]
|Established for German labour unions to demonstrate for the promotion of workers' rights
|-
|9 May
|[[Europe Day]]
|Anniversary of the [[Schuman Declaration]] (1950)
|-
|23 May
|Constitution Day
|Anniversary of the [[Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany|German Basic Law]] (1949)
|-
|17 June
|Anniversary of 17 June 1953
|Anniversary of the [[East German uprising of 1953|uprising of 1953 in the GDR]]
|-
|20 July
|Anniversary of 20 June 1944
|Anniversary of the [[20 July plot|failed assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler]] by [[Claus von Stauffenberg]] (1944)
|-
|Second Sunday in September
|Hessian Memorial Day for Victims of Deportation
|To honour all persons living in Hesse who suffered from deportation
|-
|3 October
|[[German Unity Day|Day of German Unity]]
|Anniversary of [[German reunification]] (1990)
|-
|The second Sunday before Advent
|[[Volkstrauertag|People's Mourning Day]]
|In memory of all killed during wartime
|-
|1 December
|Hessian Constitution Day
|Anniversary of the Hessian Constitution (1946)
|}
On the Commemoration Day for the Victims of National Socialism and on People's Mourning Day, flags are flown at [[half-mast]]. Additionally, flags must be flown on days to the election to the European Parliament, the Bundestag, the Hessian Landtag and municipal elections.

== History ==
<gallery>
File:Flag of the Free City of Frankfurt.svg|[[Free City of Frankfurt]]
File:Flag of Isenburg County.svg|[[County of Isenburg#Principality of Isenburg|Principality of Isenburg]] (1806–1815)
File:Flag of the Kingdom of Westphalia.svg|[[Kingdom of Westphalia]] (1807–1813)
File:Banner of the Electorate of Mainz.svg|[[Grand Duchy of Frankfurt]] (1810–1813)
File:Flag of Hesse.svg|[[Electorate of Hesse]]
File:Flag of Nassau-Usingen.svg|[[Nassau-Usingen]]
File:Flagge Herzogtum Nassau (1806-1866).svg|[[Duchy of Nassau]] (1806–1866)
File:Flagge Großherzogtum Hessen ohne Wappen.svg|[[Grand Duchy of Hesse]] (1806–1918)
File:Flagge Großherzogtum Hessen ohne Wappen.svg|[[People's State of Hesse]] (1918-1945)
File:Flag of the Free State of Bottleneck.svg|[[Free State Bottleneck]] (1919–1923)
File:Flagge Preußen - Provinz Hessen-Nassau.svg|[[Province of Hesse-Nassau]] (1868–1944)
File:Hessen KS flag.svg|[[Province of Kurhessen]] (1944–1945)
File:Flagge Preußen - Provinz Nassau.svg|[[Province of Nassau]] (1944–1945)
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hesse, Flag of}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hesse, Flag of}}
[[Category:Flags of Germany]]
[[Category:Flags of states of Germany]]
[[Category:Culture of Hesse|Flag]]
[[Category:Culture of Hesse|Flag]]
[[Category:Red and white flags]]



{{Germany-stub}}
{{Germany-stub}}
{{europe-flag-stub}}
{{europe-flag-stub}}

[[de:Landeswappen Hessen]]

Latest revision as of 11:35, 16 October 2024

Hesse
"Landesflagge"
UseCivil flag Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag
Proportion3:5 (or 1:2)
AdoptedApproved 4 August, 1948
DesignA bicolour of red over white
Landesdienstflagge des Landes Hessen
UseState flag Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag
Proportion3:5 (or 1:2)
AdoptedApproved 4 August, 1948
DesignThe civil flag with the addition of the coat of arms

The civil flag of Hesse, Germany, consists of a bicolour of a red top and a bottom white stripe, in the proportion 3:5. The state flag is similar, except it is emblazoned with the state coat of arms in the centre, and may only be used by government departments and services.

The colours red and white are based on that of the Ludovingian coat of arms, showing a lion with a ninefold horizontal white and red division. The coat of arms was inherited by the House of Hesse upon its split from the Duchy of Thuringia in 1247, and the flag came into use in the early modern Landgraviate of Hesse; the modern Grand Duchy of Hesse used a flag with two red stripes, as did the People's State of Hesse until 1933.

The flag of Thuringia was introduced in 1920, with its formation out of the fragmented Thuringian states (the Duchy of Thuringia had been absorbed into Saxony in 1400), as the reverse of the flag of Hesse.[1]

The civil flag of Hesse resembles that of Monaco and, particularly, Indonesia.

It also resembles one of the flags of Alsace.

The Hessian ministry of the interior designated several official flag days. On these days, the flag of Hesse (alongside the flags of the European Union and Germany) must be flown on all official buildings.[2] These days include:

Date Name Reason
27 January Commemoration Day for the Victims of National Socialism Anniversary of the Liberation of Auschwitz concentration camp (1945)
1 May Labour Day Established for German labour unions to demonstrate for the promotion of workers' rights
9 May Europe Day Anniversary of the Schuman Declaration (1950)
23 May Constitution Day Anniversary of the German Basic Law (1949)
17 June Anniversary of 17 June 1953 Anniversary of the uprising of 1953 in the GDR
20 July Anniversary of 20 June 1944 Anniversary of the failed assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler by Claus von Stauffenberg (1944)
Second Sunday in September Hessian Memorial Day for Victims of Deportation To honour all persons living in Hesse who suffered from deportation
3 October Day of German Unity Anniversary of German reunification (1990)
The second Sunday before Advent People's Mourning Day In memory of all killed during wartime
1 December Hessian Constitution Day Anniversary of the Hessian Constitution (1946)

On the Commemoration Day for the Victims of National Socialism and on People's Mourning Day, flags are flown at half-mast. Additionally, flags must be flown on days to the election to the European Parliament, the Bundestag, the Hessian Landtag and municipal elections.

History

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ State Chancellery (1948), Gesetz über die Hoheitszeichen des Landes Hessenn (in German), retrieved 25 November 2008
  2. ^ "Beflaggungstermine in Hessen | Hessisches Ministerium des Innern und für Sport". innen.hessen.de. Archived from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2021.