Sûreté: Difference between revisions
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{{In popular culture|date=June 2020}} |
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{{More citations needed|date=January 2021}} |
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'''{{lang|fr|Sûreté}}''' ({{IPA |
'''{{lang|fr|Sûreté}}''' ({{IPA|fr|syʁ.te|lang}}, {{lit|surety}} but often translated to 'safety' or 'security') is, in some [[Geographical distribution of French speakers|French-speaking countries or regions]], the organizational title of a civil police force. |
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== Belgium == |
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{{main|State Security Service (Belgium)}} |
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The VSSE is known by its French name, Sûreté de l'État.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.comiteri.be/images/pdf/publicaties/belgian%20civil%20intel%20w%20vlm.pdf|first1=Wauter |last1=Van Laethem |title=The Belgian civil intelligence service: roles, powers, organisation and supervision |journal=EJIS <!-- possibly [[European Journal of International Security]] but not found at the journal's website. Perhaps a change of publisher would explain the omission. --> |volume =2 |date=2008|issue= 1 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lasoen |first1=Kenneth L. |date=2016-03-02 |title=185 years of Belgian security service |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/16161262.2016.1145854 |journal=Journal of Intelligence History |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=96–118 |doi=10.1080/16161262.2016.1145854 |issn=1616-1262}}</ref> |
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The [[Law enforcement in Canada|provincial police force]] of [[Québec]] is called the [[Sûreté du Québec]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airbus H145 helicopter joins Sûreté du Québec fleet |url=https://verticalmag.com/news/airbus-h145-helicopter-joins-surete-du-quebec-fleet/ |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=Vertical Mag |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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==France== |
==France== |
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{{See also|Law enforcement in France}} |
{{See also|Law enforcement in France}} |
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The [[National Police (France)|French National Police]] was formerly called Sûreté nationale. |
The [[National Police (France)|French National Police]] was formerly called Sûreté générale and then Sûreté nationale.<ref name="L'histoire">{{Cite web |title=L'histoire de la police en France {{!}} Police nationale |url=https://www.devenirpolicier.fr/nous-decouvrir/notre-histoire |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=www.devenirpolicier.fr}}</ref> |
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===History=== |
===History=== |
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| ⚫ | The Sûreté nationale, or Sûreté, began as the criminal investigative bureau of the {{lang|fr|[[Paris Police Prefecture|Préfecture de police de Paris]]}} (Paris Police Prefecture) and did not function as the national command and control organization until much later, by which time it no longer had any [[detective]]s on its staff. |
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| ⚫ | The Sûreté nationale, or Sûreté, began as the criminal investigative bureau of the [[Paris Police Prefecture|Préfecture de police de Paris]] (Paris Police Prefecture) and did not function as the national command and control organization until much later, by which time it no longer had any [[detective]]s on its staff. |
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Both the Paris Police Prefecture's [[Direction régionale de la police judiciaire de la préfecture de police de Paris#Organization|Brigade Criminelle]] and the [[Central Directorate of the Judicial Police|Direction centrale de la Police judiciaire]] trace their history directly to the Sûreté. |
Both the Paris Police Prefecture's [[Direction régionale de la police judiciaire de la préfecture de police de Paris#Organization|Brigade Criminelle]] and the [[Central Directorate of the Judicial Police|Direction centrale de la Police judiciaire]] trace their history directly to the Sûreté. |
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==Morocco== |
==Morocco== |
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The national police force of Morocco is the [[Sûreté Nationale (Morocco)|Sûreté Nationale]]. |
The national police force of Morocco is the [[Sûreté Nationale (Morocco)|Sûreté Nationale]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Operation France-Morocco involving controlled delivery |url=https://sherloc.unodc.org/cld/case-law-doc/drugcrimetype/mar/operation_france-morocco_involving_controlled_delivery.html |access-date=2023-12-19 |website= |language=en}}</ref> |
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The [[Law enforcement in Canada|provincial police force]] of [[Québec]] is called the [[Sûreté du Québec]]. |
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==Switzerland== |
==Switzerland== |
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''Sûreté'' is the name of the [[detective]] branch of the [[cantonal police]] of the [[French language|French]]-speaking [[cantons of Switzerland]]. |
''Sûreté'' is the name of the [[detective]] branch of the [[cantonal police]] of the [[French language|French]]-speaking [[cantons of Switzerland]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Cantonal police corps |url=https://www.fedpol.admin.ch/fedpol/en/home/polizei-zusammenarbeit/national/kantonale_polizeikorps.html |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=www.fedpol.admin.ch |language=en}}</ref> |
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==In popular culture== |
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* In Graham Greene's ''[[The Quiet American]]'' from 1955, the character "Vigot" is a ''Sûreté'' inspector. |
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* [[Peter Sellers]] plays the bumbling ''Sûreté'' inspector "[[Jacques Clouseau]]" in the ''[[The Pink Panther|Pink Panther]]'' series of films. |
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* [[Herbert Lom]] plays the bumbling ''Sûreté'' chief inspector "[[Charles Dreyfus]]" in the ''[[The Pink Panther|Pink Panther]]'' series of films. |
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* [[Louise Penny]]'s ''Three Pines'' mystery novels feature "[[Chief Inspector Armand Gamache]]" of the ''Sûreté du Québec''. |
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* In the [[theatrical]] [[cartoon]] shorts entitled [[The Inspector]], the title character (voiced by [[Pat Harrington Jr]]) is a senior detective working for the ''Sûreté''. |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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{{Law enforcement agencies of France}} |
{{Law enforcement agencies of France}} |
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{{Law enforcement in Switzerland}} |
{{Law enforcement in Switzerland}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Surete}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Surete}} |
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Latest revision as of 14:42, 16 October 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2021) |
Sûreté (French: [syʁ.te], lit. 'surety' but often translated to 'safety' or 'security') is, in some French-speaking countries or regions, the organizational title of a civil police force.
Algeria
[edit]The Directorate General for National Security is known in French as the Sûreté Nationale.
Belgium
[edit]The VSSE is known by its French name, Sûreté de l'État.[1][2]
Canada
[edit]The provincial police force of Québec is called the Sûreté du Québec.[3]
France
[edit]The French National Police was formerly called Sûreté générale and then Sûreté nationale.[4]
History
[edit]The Sûreté nationale, or Sûreté, began as the criminal investigative bureau of the Préfecture de police de Paris (Paris Police Prefecture) and did not function as the national command and control organization until much later, by which time it no longer had any detectives on its staff.
Both the Paris Police Prefecture's Brigade Criminelle and the Direction centrale de la Police judiciaire trace their history directly to the Sûreté.
The French Sûreté is considered a pioneer of all crime-fighting organizations in the world, although London's Bow Street Runners, founded 1749, served a similar purpose at times. Founded in 1812 by Eugène François Vidocq, who headed it until 1827, it was the inspiration for Scotland Yard, the FBI, and other departments of criminal investigation throughout the world. Vidocq was convinced that crime could not be controlled by then-current police methods, so he organized a special branch of the criminal division modelled on Napoleon's political police. The force was to work undercover and its early members consisted largely of reformed criminals. By 1820 – eight years after its formation – it had blossomed into a 30-man team of experts that had reduced the crime rate in Paris by 40%.
On 23 April 1941, the French police was nationalized under the Vichy regime, and each branch was placed under the prefect. The term Police nationale ("National Police") was then first used – with the sole exception of the Paris Police Prefecture. This organisational name was used during the Fourth and Fifth French Republic.
On 9 July 1964, the previously independent police in Paris were placed under the Sûreté nationale and 10 July 1966 saw the final reorganization into the National Police in its present form.
Notable original members
[edit]- Eugène François Vidocq – founder and first chief
Morocco
[edit]The national police force of Morocco is the Sûreté Nationale.[5]
Switzerland
[edit]Sûreté is the name of the detective branch of the cantonal police of the French-speaking cantons of Switzerland.[6]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Van Laethem, Wauter (2008). "The Belgian civil intelligence service: roles, powers, organisation and supervision" (PDF). EJIS. 2 (1).
- ^ Lasoen, Kenneth L. (2016-03-02). "185 years of Belgian security service". Journal of Intelligence History. 15 (2): 96–118. doi:10.1080/16161262.2016.1145854. ISSN 1616-1262.
- ^ "Airbus H145 helicopter joins Sûreté du Québec fleet". Vertical Mag. Retrieved 2023-12-19.
- ^ "L'histoire de la police en France | Police nationale". www.devenirpolicier.fr. Retrieved 2023-12-19.
- ^ "Operation France-Morocco involving controlled delivery". Retrieved 2023-12-19.
- ^ "Cantonal police corps". www.fedpol.admin.ch. Retrieved 2023-12-19.
External links
[edit]
The dictionary definition of sûreté at Wiktionary
