Sandakphu: Difference between revisions

Sandakphu
Sandakphu
	View from Sandakphu in Darjeeling West Bengal
Highest point
Elevation	3,636 m (11,929 ft)
Listing	List of Indian states and territories by highest point
Coordinates	27°6′21″N 88°0′6″E / 27.10583°N 88.00167°E
Geography
	Sandakphu Location of Sandakphu peak
	8km; 5miles S I K K I M N E P A L Rammam; River River Rangeet Singalila Ridge Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary P T Tiger Hill H E E Singalila; National; Park P Phalut H Sandakphu H Ghum N R R R R R R R R E R R Darjeeling M E C C C Places and tea estates in the north-western portion of Darjeeling Sadar subdivision (including Darjeeling Pulbazar CD block) in Darjeeling district. Key:; C: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, N: neighbourhood, H: hill centre, P: national park/ wildlife sanctuary, T: tourist attraction; Abbreviations used in names – G for Tea Garden (town/village), E for Tea Estate; Mouse over shows names of tea estates. Owing to space constraints in the small map, the locations in the larger map on click through may vary slightly. Location of Sandakphu peak
Location	Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India;; Ilam District, Koshi Province, Nepal
Parent range	Singalila Ridge
Topo map	Google topographic map
Climbing
Easiest route	Hiking or by car

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit Next edit →

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Revision as of 21:12, 16 October 2024

Sandakphu or Sandakpur (3636 m; 11,930 ft) is a mountain peak in the Singalila Ridge on the border between India and Nepal. It is the highest point of the ridge and of the state of West Bengal, India. The peak is located at the edge of the Singalila National Park and has a small village on the summit with a few hotels. Four of the five highest peaks in the world, Everest, Kangchenjunga, Lhotse and Makalu can be seen from its summit. It also affords a pristine view of the entire Kangchenjunga Range. Sandakphu is also known as the land of poisonous flowers.

Etymology

The name derives from the Tibeto-Burman Lepcha language and translates as "the height of the poisonous plant" - in reference to the former abundance at the locality (around a century ago) of the poisonous plants Aconitum ferox and certain Rhododendron species. So great was the danger of fatal poisoning to sheep and cattle being driven through the area that they had to be muzzled to prevent them grazing/browsing upon these toxic species (Aconitum ferox has a good claim to being the most poisonous plant species in the world).^[3]^[4]

Trekking

India

The trek along the Singalila Ridge to Sandakphu and Phalut is one of the most popular in the Eastern Himalayas, owing not only to the stupendous vistas of the Kangchenjunga and Everest ranges which it affords, but also to its seasonal wildflowers and opportunities for birdwatching. Treks begin at Manebhanjan which is 28 km (approx. 1 hour by road) from Darjeeling.^[5]

Ascent

The Sandakphu Trekking routes inside the Singalila National Park have four legs or stages.

Manebhanjan to Meghma (2600 m): This is a 4-hour trek through the lower forest. The route goes via Chitre.
Meghma to Gairibans (2621 m): There are two alternative trekking routes. They respectively go via Tonglu (3070 m) and Tumling (2900 m). From Tumling, a shorter trail cuts through Nepal and Jaubari (2750 m). Jaubari is ward no 07 of jamuna VDC ilam.
Gairibans to Sandakphu (3636 m):
Sandakphu to Phalut (3600 m): It is a one-day trek via Sabarkum (3536 m) covering 21 km.

Descent

Retracing the way back to Manebhanjan.
A steep descent to the village of Sirikhola on the banks of the River Sirikhola, via Gurdum (2300 m), and from there to Rimbick.

Panorama of Peaks seen from Sandakphu and Phalut^[6]

Baruntse (7220m), Chamlang (7319m), Chomo Lonzo (7818m), Lhotse (8516m), Makalu (8462m), Mount Everest (8848m), Nuptse (7861m), Kanchenjunga (8586m), Talung (7349m), Rathong (6679m), Kabru N (7353m), Koktang (6147m), Simvo (6812m), Frey (5853m), Kabru S (7318m), Kabru Dome (6600m), Kabru Forked (6100m), Pandim (6691m), Tenchenkhang (6010m), Jupono (5650m)

Villages At Glance: Gorkhey, Bhareng, Gairibas, Meghma, Maneybhanjyang, Rammam, Srikhola, Sepi, Molley, Gurdum ^[6]

Nepal

The western part of Sandakphu peak is located in Sandakpur rural municipality (ward no. 2 & 4) of Ilam District of Province No. 1.

The trekking starts from Ilam Bazar via Maipokhari, Maimajhuwa, Mabu, Kala Pokhri Bikhe Bhyanjyang to Sandakpur, and also from Ilam Bazar via Sulubung, Jamuna, Hangetham (a special area for birds such as the spiny babbler and blue tit), Piple, Kalipokhari, Bikhe Vanjyang to Sandakpur. On this trekking route, Jamuna is most valuable for trekkers. There are many beautiful places like Dhap Pokhari, Choyatar (special area for red pandas). There is a three jungle Hile Samudayik Ban, Choyatar Samudayik Ban, Hangetham Samudayik Ban.^{[clarification needed]}

Gallery

Sunrise on Mt. Kanchendzonga from Aahl near Sandakphu or Sandakpur
Singalila Range and Kanchenjungha seen from Sandakpur
A panoramic view of Sandakpur.
Domestic yak (Bos grunniens)
View of Sandakphu from above
Sandakphu: shrub-clad rocky ridge with toxic, pink-flowered Rhododendron species - for which it was (in part) named

References

^ Sandakphu Top - Wikimapia
^ Google topographic map
^ Rai, Lalitkumar and Sharma, Eklabyar Medicinal Plants of the Sikkim Himalaya: Status, Uses and Potential, pub. Govind Ballabh Pant Inst. Bishen Singh & Mahendra Pal Singh 1994 pps 25-7.
^ "Aconitum Ferox Monkshood Strongest Poisonous Plant". Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
^ , Sandakphu, Trek to Sandakphu, 1 August 2015 Archived 21 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b "SANDAKPHU PHALUT TREK".

External links

Mt Everest and Lhotse as seen from Sandakphu
Your complete guide to Sandhakphu trek https://www.ourguest.in/stories/your-complete-guide-to-sandakphu-trek

[1] Sandakphu Top - Wikimapia

[2] Google topographic map

[3] Rai, Lalitkumar and Sharma, Eklabyar Medicinal Plants of the Sikkim Himalaya: Status, Uses and Potential, pub. Govind Ballabh Pant Inst. Bishen Singh & Mahendra Pal Singh 1994 pps 25-7.

[4] "Aconitum Ferox Monkshood Strongest Poisonous Plant". Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016.

[5] , Sandakphu, Trek to Sandakphu, 1 August 2015 Archived 21 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine

[:0-6] "SANDAKPHU PHALUT TREK".

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Mountain and highest point in West Bengal}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
 {{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
@@ Line 8: / Line 9: @@
 | map =India West Bengal
 | map_caption = Location of Sandakphu peak
+| map_image={{OSM Location map
-| location = [[Darjeeling district]], [[West Bengal]], India;<br/>[[Ilam District]], [[Province No. 1]], Nepal
+| width=280| height=260| zoom=10
+| coord={{coord|27|4|0|N|88|10|0|E}}| float=center|caption=Places and tea estates in the north-western portion of  Darjeeling Sadar subdivision (including Darjeeling Pulbazar CD block) in Darjeeling district. Key:<br/>C: census town,  R: rural/ urban centre, N: neighbourhood, H: hill centre, P: national park/ wildlife sanctuary, T: tourist attraction<br/>Abbreviations used in names – G for Tea Garden (town/village), E for Tea Estate<br/>Mouse over shows names of tea estates. Owing to space constraints in the small map, the locations in the larger map on click through may vary slightly.
+|mark-sizeD=18,14
+|shapeD=l-circle|shape-colorD= #A40000|shape-outlineD=white
+|label-colorD= #800000 |label-sizeD=11
+|mark-coord1={{coord|27|3|50|N|88|12|25|E}}| label-pos1=left|label1=<!--Chongtong TG---> | numbered1=C| mark-title1= [[Chongtong Tea Garden]] (census town)|label-offset-x1=2
+|mark-coord2={{coord|27|4|50|N|88|17|58|E}}| label-pos2=left|label2=<!--Ging TG--->| numbered2=C| mark-title2= [[Ging Tea Garden]] (census town)
+|mark-coord3={{coord|27|3|5|N|88|13|43|E}}| label-pos3=left|label3=<!--Singtam TG--->| numbered3=C| mark-title3= [[Singtam Tea Garden]] (census town)
+|mark-coord4={{coord|27|6|25|N|88|19|0|E}}| label-pos4= right|label4=<!--Badamtam TE--->| numbered4=E| mark-title4= [[Badamtam Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color4=#87A96B
+|mark-coord5={{coord|27|1|25|N|88|15|10|E}}| label-pos5=right |label5=Darjeeling| numbered5=M| mark-title5= [[Darjeeling]] (M)| shape-color5=#800000
+|mark-coord6={{coord|27|4|35|N|88|11|30|E}}| label-pos6=left|label6=<!--Bijanbari--->| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Bijanbari]] (R)| shape-color6=#C42222
+|mark-coord7={{coord|27|6|45|N|88|6|30|E}}| label-pos7=bottom|label7=<!--Lodhoma--->| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Lodhoma]] (R)| shape-color7=#C42222
+|mark-coord8={{coord|27|4|0|N|88|16|34|E}}| label-pos8= right |label8=<!--Puttabong TE---> | numbered8=E| mark-title8= [[Puttabong Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color8=#87A96B
+|mark-coord9={{coord|27|7|35|N|88|6|25|E}}| label-pos9=left|label9=<!--Rimbick--->| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Rimbick]] (R)| shape-color9=#C42222
+|mark-coord10={{coord|27|2|55|N|88|15|27|E}}| label-pos10=right|label10=<!--Tukvar TG--->| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Tukvar Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color10=#C42222
+|mark-coord11={{coord|27|7|10|N|88|18|5|E}}| label-pos11=left|label11=<!--Singla TG--->| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Singla Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color11=#C42222
+|mark-coord12={{coord|27|5|25|N|88|13|40|E}}| label-pos12=left|label12=<!--Soom TG--->| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Soom Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color12=#C42222
+|mark-coord13={{coord|27|2|20|N|88|12|50|E}}| label-pos13=left|label13=<!--Rishihat TG--->| numbered13=R| mark-title13= [[Rishihat Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color13=#C42222
+|mark-coord14={{coord|27|1|25|N|88|14|8|E}}| label-pos14=left|label14=<!--Orange Valley TG--->| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[Orange Valley Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color14=#C42222
+|mark-coord15={{coord|27|0|10|N|88|6|25|E}}| label-pos15=bottom|label15=<!--Manebhanjyang--->| numbered15=R| mark-title15= [[Manebhanjyang, Darjeeling]] (R)| shape-color15=#C42222
+|mark-coord16={{coord|27|1|50|N|88|5|10|E}}| label-pos16=top|label16=<!--Tonglu--->| numbered16=R| mark-title16= [[Tonglu, West Bengal]] (R)| shape-color16=#C42222
+|mark-coord17={{coord|27|0|40|N|88|14|47|E}}| label-pos17=right|label17=Ghum| numbered17=N| mark-title17= [[Ghum, West Bengal]] (N)| shape-color17=#E97451
+|mark-coord18={{coord|27|6|30|N|88|0|0|E}}| label-pos18=right|label18=Sandakphu| numbered18=H| mark-title18= Sandakphu (H)|shape18=triangle|shape-color18=black|mark-size18=22,14|label-size18=12|label-color18=black |ldx18=-5<!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors -->
+|mark-coord19={{coord|27|12|30|N|88|1|30|E}}| label-pos19=right|dlx19=3|label19=Phalut| numbered19=H|shape19=triangle| mark-title19= [[Phalut]] (H)| shape-color19=#87410E
+|mark-coord20={{coord|27|5|35|N|88|2|40|E}}| label-pos20=bottom|label20=[[Singalila National Park|Singalila^National^Park]]| numbered20=P| mark-title20= [[Singalila National Park]] (NP)| shape-color20=#228B22|ldx20=6
+|mark-coord21={{coord|27|6|20|N|88|16|3|E}}| label-pos21=left|label21=<!--North Tukvar TE--->| numbered21=E| mark-title21= [[North Tukvar Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color21=#87A96B
+|mark-coord22={{coord|27|5|40|N|88|16|50|E}}| label-pos22=right|label22=<!--Phoobsering TE--->| numbered22=E| mark-title22= [[Phoobsering Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color22=#87A96B
+|mark-coord23={{coord|26|59|45|N|88|16|42|E}}| label-pos23=right|label23=[[Tiger Hill, Darjeeling|Tiger Hill]]| numbered23=H| mark-title23= [[Tiger Hill, Darjeeling]] (H)| shape-color23=#87410E|shape23=triangle
+|mark-coord24={{coord|27|0|40|N|88|13|1|E}}| label-pos24=left|label24=<!--Rock Garden--->| numbered24=T| mark-title24= [[Rock Garden, Darjeeling]] (T)| shape-color24=#228B22
+|mark-coord25={{coord|26|59|20|N|88|15|54|E}}| label-pos25=bottom|label25=[[Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary]]| numbered25=P| mark-title25= [[Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary]] (NP)| shape-color25=#228B22|ldy25=-3
+|mark-coord26={{coord|27|9|0|N|88|2|29|E}}|label26=Singalila Ridge| label-angle26=-70| label-pos26=top| label-size26=10| mark-size26=0| mark-title26 =none
+|mark-coord27={{coord|27|9|20|N|88|10|0|E}}|label27=Rangeet| label-color27 = #77A1CB| label-angle27=70| label-pos27=top| label-size27=10| mark-size27=0| mark-title27 =none
+|mark-coord28={{coord|27|7|1|N|88|12|0|E}}|label28= River| label-color28 = #77A1CB| label-angle28=7| label-pos28=top| label-size28=10| mark-size28=0| mark-title28 =none
+|mark-coord29={{coord|27|7|0|N|88|7|50|E}}|label29= Rammam|labela29=River| label-color29 = #77A1CB| label-angle29=15| label-pos29=top| label-size29=10| mark-size29=0| mark-title329 =none
+|arc-coordA={{coord|27|10|57|N|88|11|50|E}}|arc-textA= SIKKIM| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=-161| arc-gapA=-2| arc-radiusA=0.7
+|arc-coordB={{coord|27|1|0|N|87|59|0|E}}|arc-textB= NEPAL| arc-text-colorB=hard grey| arc-angleB=40| arc-gapB=3.5| arc-radiusB=0.4
+}}
+| location = [[Darjeeling district]], [[West Bengal]], India;<br/>[[Ilam District]], [[Koshi Province]], Nepal
 | coordinates = {{coord|27|6|21|N|88|0|6|E|type:mountain_region:IN_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
 | elevation_m = 3636
@@ Line 21: / Line 60: @@
 | map_size = 300
 }}
+[[File:Panorama of the Kanchenjunga.jpg|alt=Panorama of the Kanchenjunga|thumb|left|831x831px|The Sleeping Buddha ]]
-'''Sandakphu''' or '''Sandakpur''' (3636 m; 11,930&nbsp;ft) is a mountain peak in the [[Singalila Ridge]] on the [[India–Nepal border|border]] between [[India]] and [[Nepal]]. It is the highest point of the ridge and of the state of [[West Bengal]], India. The peak is located at the edge of the [[Singalila National Park]] and has a small village on the summit with a few hotels. Four of the five highest peaks in the world, [[Mount Everest|Everest]], [[Kangchenjunga]], [[Lhotse]] and [[Makalu]] can be seen from its summit. It also affords a pristine view of the entire Kangchenjunga Range.
+'''Sandakphu''' or '''Sandakpur''' (3636 m; 11,930&nbsp;ft) is a mountain peak in the [[Singalila Ridge]] on the [[India–Nepal border|border]] between [[India]] and [[Nepal]]. It is the highest point of the ridge and of the state of [[West Bengal]], India. The peak is located at the edge of the [[Singalila National Park]] and has a small village on the summit with a few hotels. Four of the five highest peaks in the world, [[Mount Everest|Everest]], [[Kangchenjunga]], [[Lhotse]] and [[Makalu]] can be seen from its summit. It also affords a pristine view of the entire Kangchenjunga Range. Sandakphu is also known as the land of poisonous flowers.
 ==Etymology==
-The name derives from the [[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]] [[Lepcha language|Lepcha]] language and translates as "the height of the poisonous plant" - in reference to the former abundance at the locality (around a century ago) of the poisonous plants ''[[Aconitum ferox]]'' and certain [[Rhododendron]] species. So great was the danger of fatal poisoning to sheep and cattle being driven through the area that they had to be [[Muzzle (mouth guard)|muzzled]] to prevent them grazing/browsing upon these toxic species (''Aconitum ferox'' has a good claim to being the most poisonous plant species in the world).<ref>Rai, Lalitkumar and Sharma, Eklabyar ''Medicinal Plants of the Sikkim Himalaya: Status, Uses and Potential'', pub. Govind Ballabh Pant Inst. Bishen Singh & Mahendra Pal Singh 1994 pps 25-7.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.herbcyclopedia.com/item/aconitum-ferox-the-strongest-poisonous-plant-2 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604061053/http://www.herbcyclopedia.com/item/aconitum-ferox-the-strongest-poisonous-plant-2 |archive-date=2016-06-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
+The name derives from the [[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]] [[Lepcha language|Lepcha]] language and translates as "the height of the poisonous plant" - in reference to the former abundance at the locality (around a century ago) of the poisonous plants ''[[Aconitum ferox]]'' and certain [[Rhododendron]] species. So great was the danger of fatal poisoning to sheep and cattle being driven through the area that they had to be [[Muzzle (mouth guard)|muzzled]] to prevent them grazing/browsing upon these toxic species (''Aconitum ferox'' has a good claim to being the most poisonous plant species in the world).<ref>Rai, Lalitkumar and Sharma, Eklabyar ''Medicinal Plants of the Sikkim Himalaya: Status, Uses and Potential'', pub. Govind Ballabh Pant Inst. Bishen Singh & Mahendra Pal Singh 1994 pps 25-7.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.herbcyclopedia.com/item/aconitum-ferox-the-strongest-poisonous-plant-2 |title=Aconitum Ferox Monkshood Strongest Poisonous Plant |access-date=2016-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604061053/http://www.herbcyclopedia.com/item/aconitum-ferox-the-strongest-poisonous-plant-2 |archive-date=2016-06-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 ==Trekking==
 === India ===
+The trek along the Singalila Ridge to Sandakphu and [[Phalut]] is one of the most popular in the [[Eastern Himalaya]]s, owing not only to the stupendous vistas of the Kangchenjunga and Everest ranges which it affords, but also to its seasonal wildflowers and opportunities for [[birdwatching]]. Treks begin at [[Manebhanjan]] which is 28&nbsp;km (approx. 1 hour by road) from Darjeeling.<ref>[http://darjeeling.gov.in/treak.html/ , ''Sandakphu'', Trek to Sandakphu, 1 August 2015] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821055516/http://darjeeling.gov.in/treak.html |date=21 August 2015 }}</ref>
-{{OSM Location map
-| width=350| height=250| zoom=10
-| coord={{coord|27|5|0|N|88|12|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Places and tea estates in the north-western portion of  Darjeeling Sadar  subdivision (including Darjeeling Pulbazar CD block) in Darjeeling district'''<br/>CT: census town,  R: rural/ urban centre, N: neighbourhood, H: hill centre, NP: national park/ wildlife sanctuary, TE: tea estate, TA: tourist attraction<br/>Abbreviations used in names – TG for Tea Garden (town/village), TE for Tea Estate<br/>Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
-|mark-coord1={{coord|27|3|50|N|88|12|25|E}}| label-pos1=left|label1= Chongtong TG| numbered1=CT| mark-title1= [[Chongtong Tea Garden]] (CT)|label-color1= #800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
-|mark-coord2={{coord|27|4|50|N|88|17|58|E}}| label-pos2=left|label2=Ging TG| numbered2=CT| mark-title2= [[Ging Tea Garden]] (CT)
-|mark-coord3={{coord|27|3|5|N|88|13|43|E}}| label-pos3=left|label3=Singtam TG| numbered3=CT| mark-title3= [[Singtam Tea Garden]] (CT)
-|mark-coord4={{coord|27|6|25|N|88|19|0|E}}| label-pos4= right|label4=Badamtam TE| numbered4=TE| mark-title4= [[Badamtam Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color4=#87A96B
-|mark-coord5={{coord|27|1|25|N|88|15|10|E}}| label-pos5=right |label5=Darjeeling| numbered5=M| mark-title5= [[Darjeeling]] (M)| shape-color5=#800000
-|mark-coord6={{coord|27|4|35|N|88|11|30|E}}| label-pos6=left|label6=Bijanbari| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Bijanbari]] (R)| shape-color6=#C42222
-|mark-coord7={{coord|27|6|45|N|88|6|30|E}}| label-pos7=bottom|label7=Lodhoma| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Lodhoma]] (R)| shape-color7=#C42222
-|mark-coord8={{coord|27|4|0|N|88|16|34|E}}| label-pos8= right |label8= Puttabong TE | numbered8=TE| mark-title8= [[Puttabong Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color8=#87A96B
-|mark-coord9={{coord|27|7|35|N|88|6|25|E}}| label-pos9=left|label9=Rimbick| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Rimbick]] (R)| shape-color9=#C42222
-|mark-coord10={{coord|27|2|55|N|88|15|27|E}}| label-pos10=right|label10=Tukvar TG| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Tukvar Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color10=#C42222
-|mark-coord11={{coord|27|7|10|N|88|18|5|E}}| label-pos11=left|label11=Singla TG| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Singla Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color11=#C42222
-|mark-coord12={{coord|27|5|25|N|88|13|40|E}}| label-pos12=left|label12=Soom TG| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Soom Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color12=#C42222
-|mark-coord13={{coord|27|2|20|N|88|12|50|E}}| label-pos13=left|label13=Rishihat TG| numbered13=R| mark-title13= [[Rishihat Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color13=#C42222
-|mark-coord14={{coord|27|1|25|N|88|14|8|E}}| label-pos14=left|label14=Orange Valley TG| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[Orange Valley Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color14=#C42222
-|mark-coord15={{coord|27|0|10|N|88|6|25|E}}| label-pos15=bottom|label15=Manebhanjyang| numbered15=R| mark-title15= [[Manebhanjyang, Darjeeling]] (R)| shape-color15=#C42222
-|mark-coord16={{coord|27|1|50|N|88|5|10|E}}| label-pos16=top|label16=Tonglu| numbered16=R| mark-title16= [[Tonglu, West Bengal]] (R)| shape-color16=#C42222
-|mark-coord17={{coord|27|0|40|N|88|14|47|E}}| label-pos17=right|label17=Ghum| numbered17=N| mark-title17= [[Ghum, West Bengal]] (N)| shape-color17=#E97451
-|mark-coord18={{coord|27|6|30|N|88|0|0|E}}| label-pos18=right|label18=Sandakphu| numbered18=H| mark-title18= Sandakphu (H)|shape-color18=black| label-size18=13|label-color18=black <!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors -->
-|mark-coord19={{coord|27|12|30|N|88|1|30|E}}| label-pos19=right|label19=Phalut| numbered19=H| mark-title19= [[Phalut]] (H)| shape-color19=#87410E
-|mark-coord20={{coord|27|5|35|N|88|2|40|E}}| label-pos20=bottom|label20=Singalila |labela20= National|labelb20= Park| numbered20=NP| mark-title20= [[Singalila National Park]] (NP)| shape-color20=#228B22
-|mark-coord21={{coord|27|6|20|N|88|16|3|E}}| label-pos21=left|label21=North Tukvar TE| numbered21=TE| mark-title21= [[North Tukvar Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color21=#87A96B
-|mark-coord22={{coord|27|5|40|N|88|16|50|E}}| label-pos22=right|label22=Phoobsering TE| numbered22=TE| mark-title22= [[Phoobsering Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color22=#87A96B
-|mark-coord23={{coord|26|59|45|N|88|16|42|E}}| label-pos23=right|label23=Tiger Hill| numbered23=H| mark-title23= [[Tiger Hill, Darjeeling]] (H)| shape-color23=#87410E
-|mark-coord24={{coord|27|0|40|N|88|13|1|E}}| label-pos24=left|label24=Rock Garden| numbered24=TA| mark-title24= [[Rock Garden, Darjeeling]] (TA)| shape-color24=#228B22
-|mark-coord25={{coord|26|59|20|N|88|15|54|E}}| label-pos25=bottom|label25=Senchel |labela25= Wildlife Sanctuary| numbered25=NP| mark-title25= [[Senchel Wildlife Sancturay]] (NP)| shape-color25=#228B22
-|mark-coord26={{coord|27|9|0|N|88|2|29|E}}|label26=Singalila Ridge| label-angle26=-70| label-pos26=top| label-size26=10| mark-size26=0| mark-title26 =none
-|mark-coord27={{coord|27|9|20|N|88|10|0|E}}|label27=Rangeet| label-color27 = #77A1CB| label-angle27=70| label-pos27=top| label-size27=10| mark-size27=0| mark-title27 =none
-|mark-coord28={{coord|27|7|1|N|88|12|0|E}}|label28= River| label-color28 = #77A1CB| label-angle28=7| label-pos28=top| label-size28=10| mark-size28=0| mark-title28 =none
-|mark-coord29={{coord|27|7|0|N|88|7|50|E}}|label29= Rammam|labela29=River| label-color29 = #77A1CB| label-angle29=15| label-pos29=top| label-size29=10| mark-size29=0| mark-title329 =none
-|arc-coordA={{coord|27|10|57|N|88|11|50|E}}|arc-textA= SIKKIM| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=-161| arc-gapA=-4| arc-radiusA=0.7
-|arc-coordB={{coord|27|1|0|N|87|59|0|E}}|arc-textB= NEPAL| arc-text-colorB=hard grey| arc-angleB=40| arc-gapB=3.5| arc-radiusB=0.4
-}}
-The trek along the Singalila Ridge to Sandakphu and [[Phalut]] is one of the most popular ones in the [[Eastern Himalaya]]s due to the grand vistas of the Kangchenjunga range and the Everest range which can be seen from the ridge, and also for the seasonal wildflower blooms and birding. Treks begin at [[Manebhanjan]] which is 28&nbsp;km (approx. 1 hour by road) from Darjeeling.<ref>[http://darjeeling.gov.in/treak.html/ , ''Sandakphu'', Trek to Sandakphu, 1 August 2015] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821055516/http://darjeeling.gov.in/treak.html |date=21 August 2015 }}</ref>
 ==== Ascent ====
@@ Line 72: / Line 75: @@
 The Sandakphu Trekking routes inside the Singalila National Park have four legs or stages.
 * Manebhanjan to [[Meghma]] (2600&nbsp;m): This is a 4-hour trek through the lower forest. The route goes via Chitre.
-* Meghma to Gairibans (2621&nbsp;m): There are two alternative trekking routes. They respectively go via [[Tonglu, West Bengal|Tonglu]] (3070&nbsp;m) and [[Tumling]] (2900&nbsp;m). From Tumling, a shorter trail cuts through Nepal and Jaubari (2750&nbsp;m). Jaubari is ward no 07 of jamuna VDC ilam.
+* Meghma to [[Gairibans]] (2621&nbsp;m): There are two alternative trekking routes. They respectively go via [[Tonglu, West Bengal|Tonglu]] (3070&nbsp;m) and [[Tumling]] (2900&nbsp;m). From Tumling, a shorter trail cuts through Nepal and Jaubari (2750&nbsp;m). Jaubari is ward no 07 of jamuna VDC ilam.
 * Gairibans to Sandakphu (3636&nbsp;m):
 * Sandakphu to Phalut (3600&nbsp;m):  It is a one-day trek via Sabarkum (3536&nbsp;m) covering 21&nbsp;km.
@@ Line 83: / Line 86: @@
 '''Panorama of Peaks seen from Sandakphu and Phalut'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://himalayanhigh.in/sandakphu-phalut-trek|title=SANDAKPHU PHALUT TREK}}</ref>
-[[Baruntse]] (7220m), [[Chamlang]] (7319m), Chomo Lonzo (7818m), Lhotse (8516m), Makalu (8462m), Mount Everest (8848m), Nuptse (7861m), Kanchenjunga (8586m), Talung (7349m), Rathong (6679m), Kabru N (7353m), Koktang (6147m), Simvo (6812m), Frey (5853m), Kabru S (7318m), Kabru Dome (6600m), Kabru Forked (6100m), [[Mount Pandim|Pandim]] (6691m), Tenchenkhang (6010m), Jupono (5650m)
+[[Baruntse]] (7220m), [[Chamlang]] (7319m), [[Chomo Lonzo]] (7818m), Lhotse (8516m), Makalu (8462m), Mount Everest (8848m), [[Nuptse]] (7861m), Kanchenjunga (8586m), Talung (7349m), Rathong (6679m), Kabru N (7353m), Koktang (6147m), Simvo (6812m), Frey (5853m), Kabru S (7318m), Kabru Dome (6600m), Kabru Forked (6100m), [[Mount Pandim|Pandim]] (6691m), Tenchenkhang (6010m), Jupono (5650m)
 '''Villages At Glance:''' Gorkhey, Bhareng, Gairibas, Meghma, Maneybhanjyang, Rammam, Srikhola, Sepi, Molley, Gurdum <ref name=":0" />
@@ Line 97: / Line 100: @@
 ==Gallery==
 <gallery mode="packed">
-File:Kanchendzonga from sandakaphu.jpg|Singalila Range and [[Kangchenjunga|Kanchenjungha]] from Sandakpur
+File:From Sandakphu trek.jpg|Sunrise on Mt. Kanchendzonga from Aahl near Sandakphu or Sandakpur
+File:Kanchendzonga from sandakaphu.jpg|Singalila Range and [[Kangchenjunga|Kanchenjungha]] seen from Sandakpur
 File:Sandakphu panorama.jpg|A panoramic view of Sandakpur.
-File:Domestic yak in Sandakpur.jpg|Domestic Yak
+File:Domestic yak in Sandakpur.jpg|[[Yak|Domestic yak]] (''Bos grunniens'')
-File:Sandakpur top view.jpg|Top view of Sandakphu
+File:Sandakpur top view.jpg|View of Sandakphu from above
-File:Sandakpur, Ilam Nepal.jpg|Sandakphu
+File:Sandakpur, Ilam Nepal.jpg|Sandakphu: shrub-clad rocky ridge with toxic, pink-flowered [[Rhododendron]] species - for which it was (in part) named
 </gallery>
@@ Line 109: / Line 113: @@
 == External links ==
 {{commons category|Sandakphu}}
-*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/95864028@N07/16495995394/in/set-72157649586827433 Mt Everest and Lhotse as seen from Sandakphu]
+* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/95864028@N07/16495995394/in/set-72157649586827433 Mt Everest and Lhotse as seen from Sandakphu]
+* Your complete guide to Sandhakphu trek https://www.ourguest.in/stories/your-complete-guide-to-sandakphu-trek
 *[http://www.conflatingvisions.com/2015/08/in-the-land-of-sleeping-buddha-sandakphu/ In the Land of Sleeping Buddha - A Guide to Sandakphu Trek]
 *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNXU1IR2LR8 Land of the Land Rovers - Community fleet of 57 Series I in daily use from Maneybhanjang to the Sandakphu summit]
 *[https://getsetgoonline.com/blog/20-stunning-photos-that-will-inspire-you-to-trek-to-sandakphu/ 20 Stunning Photos of Sandakphu]
+*[https://sandakphutrek.com/ Sandakphu Trek]
+*[https://holidaytraveldiaries.com/all-about-sandakphu-trek/ All About Sandakphu Trek: Where the Sky Meets the Earth]
 {{West Bengal topics}}
@@ Line 119: / Line 129: @@
 [[Category:Mountains of West Bengal]]
-[[Category:Mountains of the Province No. 1]]
+[[Category:Mountains of Koshi Province]]
 [[Category:Villages in Darjeeling district]]
 [[Category:Highest points of Indian states and union territories]]