Dallas, Oregon: Difference between revisions
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{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}} |
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{{distinguish|The Dalles, Oregon}} |
{{distinguish|The Dalles, Oregon}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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|mapsize1 = |
|mapsize1 = |
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|map_caption1 = |
|map_caption1 = |
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|coordinates = {{coord|44|55| |
|coordinates = {{coord|44|55|20|N|123|18|47|W|type:city_region:US-OR|display=inline,title}} |
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|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
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|subdivision_name = United States |
|subdivision_name = United States |
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|leader_title = [[Mayor]] |
|leader_title = [[Mayor]] |
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|leader_name = Brian Dalton<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.dallas.or.us/167/Mayor|title=Mayor - Dallas, OR - Official Website|website=www.ci.dallas.or.us}}</ref> |
|leader_name = Brian Dalton<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.dallas.or.us/167/Mayor|title=Mayor - Dallas, OR - Official Website|website=www.ci.dallas.or.us}}</ref> |
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|area_footnotes = <ref name=" |
|area_footnotes = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='41'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 12, 2022}}</ref> |
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|area_magnitude = |
|area_magnitude = |
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|area_total_km2 = 12.71 |
|area_total_km2 = 12.71 |
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<!-- Population --> |
<!-- Population --> |
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|area_metro_sq_mi = |
|area_metro_sq_mi = |
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|elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> |
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|elevation_ft = |
|elevation_ft = 322 |
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|population_total = |
|population_total = 16854 |
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|population_as_of = [[ |
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]] |
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|population_footnotes = <ref name |
|population_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly"/> |
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|population_density_km2 = |
|population_density_km2 = 1326.42 |
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|population_density_sq_mi = |
|population_density_sq_mi = 3435.39 |
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|population_est = |
|population_est = |
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|pop_est_as_of = |
|pop_est_as_of = |
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|pop_est_footnotes = |
|pop_est_footnotes = |
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|population_urban = |
|population_urban = |
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|population_metro = |
|population_metro = |
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|postal_code = 97338 |
|postal_code = 97338 |
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|area_code = [[Area codes 503 and 971|503 and 971]] |
|area_code = [[Area codes 503 and 971|503 and 971]] |
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|website = |
|website = {{URL|https://www.dallasor.gov/}} |
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|timezone = [[Pacific Standard Time Zone|Pacific]] |
|timezone = [[Pacific Standard Time Zone|Pacific]] |
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|utc_offset = -8 |
|utc_offset = -8 |
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|utc_offset_DST = -7 |
|utc_offset_DST = -7 |
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|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |
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|blank_info = 41-17700<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | |
|blank_info = 41-17700<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> |
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|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |
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|blank1_info = |
|blank1_info = 2410287<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410287}}</ref> |
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|unit_pref = Imperial |
|unit_pref = Imperial |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Dallas''' is a city and the [[county seat]] of [[Polk County, Oregon|Polk County]], [[Oregon]], United States. The population was |
'''Dallas''' is a city and the [[county seat]] of [[Polk County, Oregon|Polk County]], [[Oregon]], United States. The population was 16,854 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="census1">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=US Census |access-date=April 25, 2011 }}</ref> |
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Dallas is along [[Rickreall Creek]], about {{convert|15|mi|km|0}} west of [[Salem, Oregon|Salem]], at an elevation of {{convert|325|ft|m}} above [[sea level]]. It is part of the [[Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area]]. |
Dallas is along [[Rickreall Creek]], about {{convert|15|mi|km|0}} west of [[Salem, Oregon|Salem]], at an elevation of {{convert|325|ft|m}} above [[sea level]]. It is part of the [[Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area]]. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Pioneers in the 1840s started the settlement that became known as Dallas on the north side of Rickreall Creek. It was originally named "Cynthian" or "Cynthiana".<ref name=OGN>{{cite ogn|7th|page=266}}</ref> A 1947 ''[[Itemizer-Observer]]'' article<ref>quoted in ''100 Years in Polk County: A Centennial Background''</ref> states: "[T]he town was called Cynthiana after Cynthiana, Ky., so named by Mrs. Thos. Lovelady." According to the county historical society in 1987, Mrs. Thomas J. Lovelady named the new settlement after her home town of [[Cynthiana, Kentucky]].<ref>''The History of Polk County, Oregon,'' Polk County Historical Society, 1987, p. 12</ref> |
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Another source claims that |
Another source claims that Cynthia Ann, wife of early pioneer [[Jesse Applegate]], named the settlement.<ref name=OGN/> But they lived in the Salt Creek area of northern Polk County and, according to the 1850 Federal Census, she was not living in Polk County then. |
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Dallas post office was established in 1852.<ref name=OGN/> |
Dallas post office was established in 1852.<ref name=OGN/> In 1856, the town was moved more than a mile south because of an inadequate supply of water.<ref name=OGN/> |
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⚫ | Cynthiana competed with [[Independence, Oregon|Independence]] to be selected as the county seat. Its residents raised $17,000 in order to have a branch of the [[narrow gauge railroad]] constructed to their town, which secured them the honor and related economic stimulus.<ref name=OGN/> The line was built from 1878–80.<ref name=OGN/> Town leaders believed a more sturdy sounding name was needed for a county seat. Since [[George Mifflin Dallas]] was vice-president under [[James K. Polk]], for whom the county was named, they named it "Dallas".<ref name=OGN/> |
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In 1856, the town was moved more than a mile south because of an inadequate supply of water.<ref name=OGN/> |
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===Gerlinger family=== |
===Gerlinger family=== |
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[[Louis Gerlinger, Sr.]] incorporated the [[Salem, Falls City and Western Railway]] Company late in October 1901 |
After [[Louis Gerlinger, Sr.]] incorporated the [[Salem, Falls City and Western Railway]] Company late in October 1901, he announced plans to build a railroad from the [[Willamette River]] at [[Salem, Oregon|Salem]] to the mouth of the [[Siletz River]] on the [[Oregon Coast]], a distance of {{convert|65|mi|km}}.<ref name="Catherine A. Baldwin 1982">Catherine A. Baldwin (1982). ''Making the Most of the Best: Willamette Industries' Seventy-Five Years.'' (Portland, OR: Willamette Industries, 172 p.).</ref> |
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In 1902, Louis's son [[George T. Gerlinger]] organized a group of investors to build railroad lines in the area. |
In 1902, Louis's son [[George T. Gerlinger]] organized a group of investors to build related railroad lines in the area. On May 29, 1903, the first train ran from Dallas to [[Falls City, Oregon|Falls City]]. At the end of June, passenger trains began regularly scheduled, daily trips to and from Dallas and Falls City; the {{convert|9|mi|km|adj=on}}, 40-minute, one-way trip cost 35 cents. |
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⚫ | [[Willamette Industries]] was founded in Dallas in 1906. At that time the company name was Willamette Valley Lumber Company.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bio.net/hypermail/agroforestry/2000-November/015974.html|title=Weyerhaeuser tries to take over Willamette Forest Industries|website=www.bio.net}}</ref> [[Louis Gerlinger, Sr.]] was president of the new company and [[Henry Pittock|H. L. Pittock]], vice president. [[George T. Gerlinger]] served as secretary and manager, and [[Frederick Leadbetter|F. W. Leadbetter]] was treasurer. George Cone served as director and mill superintendent.<ref name="Catherine A. Baldwin 1982" /> In 1967, Willamette Valley Lumber and several others merged to become Willamette Industries.<ref name=sec10k>{{cite web|url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107189/0000892917-00-000022.txt|title=SEC 10K for 1999}}</ref> |
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On May 29, 1903, the first train ran from Dallas to [[Falls City, Oregon|Falls City]]. At the end of June, passenger trains began regularly scheduled trips to and from Dallas and Falls City each day; the {{convert|9|mi|km|adj=on}}, 40-minute, one-way trip cost 35 cents. |
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⚫ | In the early 21st century, this and other local businesses were taken over by others from outside, which eventually affected the local economy. In March 2002, Willamette Industries was officially acquired by [[Weyerhaeuser]] Company in a hostile takeover. In early 2009, Weyerhaeuser's Mill formally closed the Dallas operation. Similarly, Gerlinger Carrier Company in Dallas was taken over by Towmotor. |
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⚫ | [[Willamette Industries]] was founded in Dallas in 1906. At that time the company name was Willamette Valley Lumber Company.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bio.net/hypermail/agroforestry/2000-November/015974.html|title=Weyerhaeuser tries to take over Willamette Forest Industries|website=www.bio.net}}</ref> [[Louis Gerlinger, Sr.]] was president of the new company and [[Henry Pittock|H.L. Pittock]], vice president. [[George T. Gerlinger]] served as secretary and manager |
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Also Gerlinger Carrier Company in Dallas, Oregon that was taken over by Towmotor. |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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[[File:Dallas High School - Dallas Oregon.jpg|thumb|Dallas High School]] |
[[File:Dallas High School - Dallas Oregon.jpg|thumb|Dallas High School]] |
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According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|4.81|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | |
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|4.81|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-12-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 25, 2012 }}</ref> |
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===Climate=== |
===Climate=== |
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Dallas has a [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Csb'') with warm to very warm, dry summers with cool mornings, and cold, rainy winters. Occasionally frigid weather will reach the Willamette Valley due to very cold continental air from Canada being driven over the Cascades by a low-pressure system to the south, as occurred repeatedly in January 1950 when temperatures reached as low as {{convert|-11|F|C|1}} on January 31, 1950, and {{convert|68.0|in|cm|}} of snow fell. However, snowfall is generally very rare, with an annual mean of {{convert|4.9|in|cm}} and a median of zero. |
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Rainfall is generally heavy during the winter months, averaging over {{convert|6.50|in|mm|-1}} from November to February, when rain falls on around seventeen days in an average month, and on all but one day in November 1983.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=pqr|publisher=National Weather Service, Portland, Oregon|title=NOW Data}}</ref> The wettest month has however been December 1996 with {{convert|21.93|in|mm|1}} and the wettest "rain year" from July 1973 to June 1974 with {{convert|80.01|in|mm|1}}. As with most of Oregon, the driest "rain year" was from July 1976 to June 1977 and saw only {{convert|23.78|in|mm|1}}. |
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Spring arrives slowly with pleasant afternoon temperatures and less heavy rainfall by April, although showers are common until into June. High summer in July and August is very warm in the afternoon and generally dry, with no rain falling for 79 days, between June 23 – September 9, 1967, which saw the hottest month on record in August 1967 where the mean maximum was {{convert|92.1|F|C|1}}. Low humidity and pleasant mornings make this season comfortable, although airflows from the hot continent can bring spells of sweltering and arid weather, with {{convert|106|F|C|1}} reached on July 19, 1956, and on August 8, 1981. On average, eighteen afternoons will top {{convert|90|F|C|1}} but only two can expect to reach {{convert|100|F|C|1}}, while 62 mornings fall below freezing, but only two spells (in January–February 1950 and December 1972) have ever seen temperatures as low as {{convert|0|F|C|1}}. |
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{{Weather box |
{{Weather box |
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|width=auto |
|width=auto |
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|location = Dallas, Oregon |
|location = Dallas, Oregon |
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|single line = y |
|single line = y |
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| Jan high F = |
| Jan record high F = 65 |
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| Feb high F = |
| Feb record high F = 71 |
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| Mar high F = |
| Mar record high F = 90 |
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| Apr high F = |
| Apr record high F = 88 |
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| May high F = |
| May record high F = 98 |
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| Jun high F = |
| Jun record high F = 110 |
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| Jul high F = |
| Jul record high F = 106 |
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| Aug high F = |
| Aug record high F = 106 |
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| Sep high F = |
| Sep record high F = 104 |
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| Oct high F = |
| Oct record high F = 91 |
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| Nov high F = |
| Nov record high F = 76 |
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| Dec high F = |
| Dec record high F = 66 |
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| Jan |
| Jan high F = 45.3 |
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| Feb |
| Feb high F = 49.7 |
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| Mar |
| Mar high F = 55.2 |
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| Apr |
| Apr high F = 60.4 |
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| May |
| May high F = 66.9 |
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| Jun |
| Jun high F = 73.0 |
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| Jul |
| Jul high F = 80.9 |
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| Aug |
| Aug high F = 81.5 |
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| Sep |
| Sep high F = 76.7 |
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| Oct |
| Oct high F = 64.7 |
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| Nov |
| Nov high F = 50.7 |
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| Dec |
| Dec high F = 44.2 |
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| Jan |
| Jan low F = 33.1 |
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| Feb |
| Feb low F = 34.8 |
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| Mar |
| Mar low F = 36.9 |
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| Apr |
| Apr low F = 39.4 |
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| May |
| May low F = 43.7 |
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| Jun |
| Jun low F = 47.8 |
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| Jul |
| Jul low F = 50.4 |
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| Aug |
| Aug low F = 49.8 |
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| Sep |
| Sep low F = 47.0 |
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| Oct |
| Oct low F = 41.2 |
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| Nov |
| Nov low F = 37.2 |
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| Dec |
| Dec low F = 33.2 |
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| Jan record low F = −11 |
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|source 1 = http://www.usclimatedata.com/climate/dallas/oregon/united-states/usor0091 |
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| Feb record low F = −2 |
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| Mar record low F = 10 |
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| Apr record low F = 24 |
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| May record low F = 27 |
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| Jun record low F = 31 |
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| Jul record low F = 35 |
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| Aug record low F = 34 |
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| Sep record low F = 30 |
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| Oct record low F = 22 |
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| Nov record low F = 9 |
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| Dec record low F = −2 |
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| Jan rain inch = 7.82 |
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| Feb rain inch = 6.66 |
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| Mar rain inch = 5.33 |
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| Apr rain inch = 3.24 |
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| May rain inch = 2.21 |
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| Jun rain inch = 1.41 |
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| Jul rain inch = 0.50 |
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| Aug rain inch = 0.67 |
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| Sep rain inch = 1.44 |
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| Oct rain inch = 3.28 |
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| Nov rain inch = 7.79 |
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| Dec rain inch = 8.78 |
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| rain colour = green |
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| Jan rain days = 17.7 |
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| Feb rain days = 15.5 |
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| Mar rain days = 16.4 |
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| Apr rain days = 12.8 |
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| May rain days = 10.3 |
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| Jun rain days = 7.2 |
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| Jul rain days = 3.3 |
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| Aug rain days = 3.5 |
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| Sep rain days = 6.5 |
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| Oct rain days = 10.4 |
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| Nov rain days = 17.5 |
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| Dec rain days = 17.6 |
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| unit rain days = 0.01 inch |
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| source 1 = <ref name="NCDC">{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/or/352112.pdf |title=Climatography of the United States NO.81 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=September 28, 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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|2000= 12459 |
|2000= 12459 |
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|2010= 14583 |
|2010= 14583 |
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|2020= 16854 |
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|estyear=2019 |
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⚫ | |footnote=Sources:<ref name="GR2" /><ref name="Census1910">{{cite web|title=Population-Oregon|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/36894832v3ch4.pdf|work=U.S. Census 1910|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=22 November 2013}}</ref><ref name="Census1930">{{cite web|title=Population-Oregon|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/03815512v1ch08.pdf|work=15th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=27 November 2013}}</ref><ref name="Census1960">{{cite web|title=Number of Inhabitants: Oregon|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/37749197v1p39ch2.pdf|work=18th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=22 November 2013}}</ref><ref name="Census1990">{{cite web|title=Pennsylvania: Population and Housing Unit Counts|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-39.pdf|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=22 November 2013}}</ref><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:41&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Oct 12, 2022}}</ref> |
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|estimate=16979 |
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|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 27, 2020}}</ref> |
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⚫ | |footnote=Sources:<ref name="GR2" /><ref name="Census1910">{{cite web|title=Population-Oregon|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/36894832v3ch4.pdf|work=U.S. Census 1910|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| |
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}} |
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===2010 census=== |
===2010 census=== |
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As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]| |
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-12-21}}</ref> of 2010, there were 14,583 people, 5,747 households, and 3,952 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|3031.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 6,137 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1275.9|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 92.6% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 2.0% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.8% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.6% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 2.7% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] people of any race were 5.9% of the population. |
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There were 5,747 households of which 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.2% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.98. |
There were 5,747 households, of which 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.2% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.98. |
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The median age in the city was 39.8 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.3% were from 25 to 44; 24.8% were from 45 to 64; and 18.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female. |
The median age in the city was 39.8 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.3% were from 25 to 44; 24.8% were from 45 to 64; and 18.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female. |
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==Media== |
==Media== |
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The ''[[Polk County Itemizer-Observer]]'' is a weekly newspaper published in Dallas since 1875. [[KWIP]] |
The ''[[Polk County Itemizer-Observer]]'' is a weekly newspaper published in Dallas since 1875. [[KWIP]] (880 AM) is the only radio station currently licensed to the city. |
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==Infrastructure== |
==Infrastructure== |
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*[[Jeri Ellsworth]], self-taught computer chip designer<ref>{{cite news|last=Markoff|first=John|date=December 20, 2004|title=A Toy With a Story|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/20/technology/20joystick.html?_r=1}}</ref> |
*[[Jeri Ellsworth]], self-taught computer chip designer<ref>{{cite news|last=Markoff|first=John|date=December 20, 2004|title=A Toy With a Story|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/20/technology/20joystick.html?_r=1}}</ref> |
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*[[Darcy Fast]], [[Major League Baseball]] pitcher for the [[Chicago Cubs]] |
*[[Darcy Fast]], [[Major League Baseball]] pitcher for the [[Chicago Cubs]] |
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*[[Carl Gerlinger]], founder of Gerlinger Carrier Company<ref>{{cite web|title=Gerlinger Carrier Company - straddle carriers for industry|url=http://www.gerlingercarrier.com/history.htm|url-status=dead| |
*[[Carl Gerlinger]], founder of Gerlinger Carrier Company<ref>{{cite web|title=Gerlinger Carrier Company - straddle carriers for industry|url=http://www.gerlingercarrier.com/history.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208113752/http://www.gerlingercarrier.com/history.htm|archive-date=February 8, 2012|access-date=February 28, 2012|publisher=Gerlingercarrier.com}}</ref> |
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*[[George T. Gerlinger]], founder of Willamette Industries<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfpYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA208|title=The Packages - Google Boeken| |
*[[George T. Gerlinger]], founder of Willamette Industries<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfpYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA208|title=The Packages - Google Boeken|year=1919|access-date=February 28, 2012}}</ref> |
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*[[Irene Hazard Gerlinger]], first female regent of the University of Oregon<ref>{{cite book |title=Journals of the Senate and House of the ... Legislative Assembly |date=1915 |publisher=State Printing Department |page=96 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p5hKAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA96}}</ref> |
*[[Irene Hazard Gerlinger]], first female regent of the University of Oregon<ref>{{cite book |title=Journals of the Senate and House of the ... Legislative Assembly |date=1915 |publisher=State Printing Department |page=96 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p5hKAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA96}}</ref> |
||
*[[Louis Gerlinger |
*[[Louis Gerlinger Sr.]], founder of the Salem, Falls City and Western Railway<ref>{{cite web|title=Artifacts Along U. S. 99 West | Oregon history by Kenneth Munford|url=http://www.bentoncountymuseum.org/research/artifacts99w.cfm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307104238/http://www.bentoncountymuseum.org/research/artifacts99w.cfm|archive-date=March 7, 2012|access-date=February 28, 2012|publisher=Bentoncountymuseum.org}}</ref> |
||
*[[Mark Hatfield]], former Governor of Oregon; United States senator, 1967–1997<ref>{{cite web |
*[[Mark Hatfield]], former Governor of Oregon; United States senator, 1967–1997<ref>{{cite web|title=Mark O. Hatfield Library: Mark O. Hatfield Biography|url=http://library.willamette.edu/about/hatfield/|access-date=February 28, 2012|publisher=Library.willamette.edu}}</ref> |
||
*[[Johnny Kitzmiller]], football player and College Football Hall of Fame member<ref>{{cite news|date=October 24, 1961|title=Former Oregon Star Confident of Victory|work=[[Register-Guard]]|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19611024&id=WRlWAAAAIBAJ |
*[[Johnny Kitzmiller]], football player and College Football Hall of Fame member<ref>{{cite news|date=October 24, 1961|title=Former Oregon Star Confident of Victory|work=[[Register-Guard]]|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19611024&id=WRlWAAAAIBAJ&pg=5598,4493664|access-date=February 28, 2012}}</ref> |
||
*[[Jordan Poyer]], pro football strong safety for the Buffalo Bills<ref>{{cite web |title=Jordan Poyer Biography |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/bio/_/id/15979/jordan-poyer |website=ESPN}}</ref> |
*[[Jordan Poyer]], pro football strong safety for the Buffalo Bills<ref>{{cite web |title=Jordan Poyer Biography |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/bio/_/id/15979/jordan-poyer |website=ESPN}}</ref> |
||
*[[Johnnie Ray]], 1950s singer and recording artist<ref>{{cite web|last=Dahl|first=Bill|title=Johnnie Ray|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/johnnie-ray-p3142| |
*[[Johnnie Ray]], 1950s singer and recording artist<ref>{{cite web|last=Dahl|first=Bill|title=Johnnie Ray|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/johnnie-ray-p3142|access-date=February 28, 2012|website=AllMusic}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[https://sos.oregon.gov/blue-book/Pages/local/cities/a-d/dallas.aspx Entry for Dallas] in the ''[[Oregon Blue Book]]'' |
*[https://sos.oregon.gov/blue-book/Pages/local/cities/a-d/dallas.aspx Entry for Dallas] in the ''[[Oregon Blue Book]]'' |
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*[http://www.dallasoregon.org/ Dallas Area Chamber of Commerce] |
*[http://www.dallasoregon.org/ Dallas Area Chamber of Commerce] |
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*[http://willamettelive.com/story/FACT_OR_FANTASY_102.html History of the KKK in Dallas] |
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*{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Dallas (Oregon)|short=x|display=Dallas. A city and the county-seat of Polk County, Ore.}} |
*{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Dallas (Oregon)|short=x|display=Dallas. A city and the county-seat of Polk County, Ore.}} |
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{{Polk County, Oregon}} |
{{Polk County, Oregon}} |
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{{Oregon}} |
{{Oregon}} |
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{{Oregon county seats}} |
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[[Category:Salem, Oregon metropolitan area]] |
[[Category:Salem, Oregon metropolitan area]] |
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[[Category:Willamette Valley]] |
[[Category:Willamette Valley]] |
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[[Category:1840s establishments in Oregon]] |
[[Category:1840s establishments in Oregon Territory]] |
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[[Category:George M. Dallas]] |
Latest revision as of 05:57, 17 October 2024
Dallas, Oregon | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 44°55′20″N 123°18′47″W / 44.92222°N 123.31306°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Oregon |
County | Polk |
Incorporated | 1874 |
Government | |
• Mayor | Brian Dalton[1] |
Area | |
• Total | 4.91 sq mi (12.71 km2) |
• Land | 4.91 sq mi (12.71 km2) |
• Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
Elevation | 322 ft (98 m) |
Population | |
• Total | 16,854 |
• Density | 3,435.39/sq mi (1,326.42/km2) |
Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (Pacific) |
ZIP code | 97338 |
Area code(s) | 503 and 971 |
FIPS code | 41-17700[5] |
GNIS feature ID | 2410287[3] |
Website | www |
Dallas is a city and the county seat of Polk County, Oregon, United States. The population was 16,854 at the 2020 census.[6]
Dallas is along Rickreall Creek, about 15 miles (24 km) west of Salem, at an elevation of 325 feet (99 m) above sea level. It is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area.
History
[edit]Pioneers in the 1840s started the settlement that became known as Dallas on the north side of Rickreall Creek. It was originally named "Cynthian" or "Cynthiana".[7] A 1947 Itemizer-Observer article[8] states: "[T]he town was called Cynthiana after Cynthiana, Ky., so named by Mrs. Thos. Lovelady." According to the county historical society in 1987, Mrs. Thomas J. Lovelady named the new settlement after her home town of Cynthiana, Kentucky.[9]
Another source claims that Cynthia Ann, wife of early pioneer Jesse Applegate, named the settlement.[7] But they lived in the Salt Creek area of northern Polk County and, according to the 1850 Federal Census, she was not living in Polk County then.
Dallas post office was established in 1852.[7] In 1856, the town was moved more than a mile south because of an inadequate supply of water.[7]
Cynthiana competed with Independence to be selected as the county seat. Its residents raised $17,000 in order to have a branch of the narrow gauge railroad constructed to their town, which secured them the honor and related economic stimulus.[7] The line was built from 1878–80.[7] Town leaders believed a more sturdy sounding name was needed for a county seat. Since George Mifflin Dallas was vice-president under James K. Polk, for whom the county was named, they named it "Dallas".[7]
Dallas was incorporated as a town in 1874 and as a city in 1901.[citation needed]
Gerlinger family
[edit]After Louis Gerlinger, Sr. incorporated the Salem, Falls City and Western Railway Company late in October 1901, he announced plans to build a railroad from the Willamette River at Salem to the mouth of the Siletz River on the Oregon Coast, a distance of 65 miles (105 km).[10]
In 1902, Louis's son George T. Gerlinger organized a group of investors to build related railroad lines in the area. On May 29, 1903, the first train ran from Dallas to Falls City. At the end of June, passenger trains began regularly scheduled, daily trips to and from Dallas and Falls City; the 9-mile (14 km), 40-minute, one-way trip cost 35 cents.
Willamette Industries was founded in Dallas in 1906. At that time the company name was Willamette Valley Lumber Company.[11] Louis Gerlinger, Sr. was president of the new company and H. L. Pittock, vice president. George T. Gerlinger served as secretary and manager, and F. W. Leadbetter was treasurer. George Cone served as director and mill superintendent.[10] In 1967, Willamette Valley Lumber and several others merged to become Willamette Industries.[12]
In the early 21st century, this and other local businesses were taken over by others from outside, which eventually affected the local economy. In March 2002, Willamette Industries was officially acquired by Weyerhaeuser Company in a hostile takeover. In early 2009, Weyerhaeuser's Mill formally closed the Dallas operation. Similarly, Gerlinger Carrier Company in Dallas was taken over by Towmotor.
Geography
[edit]According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.81 square miles (12.46 km2), all of it land.[13]
Climate
[edit]Dallas has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb) with warm to very warm, dry summers with cool mornings, and cold, rainy winters. Occasionally frigid weather will reach the Willamette Valley due to very cold continental air from Canada being driven over the Cascades by a low-pressure system to the south, as occurred repeatedly in January 1950 when temperatures reached as low as −11 °F (−23.9 °C) on January 31, 1950, and 68.0 inches (173 cm) of snow fell. However, snowfall is generally very rare, with an annual mean of 4.9 inches (12 cm) and a median of zero.
Rainfall is generally heavy during the winter months, averaging over 6.50 inches (170 mm) from November to February, when rain falls on around seventeen days in an average month, and on all but one day in November 1983.[14] The wettest month has however been December 1996 with 21.93 inches (557.0 mm) and the wettest "rain year" from July 1973 to June 1974 with 80.01 inches (2,032.3 mm). As with most of Oregon, the driest "rain year" was from July 1976 to June 1977 and saw only 23.78 inches (604.0 mm).
Spring arrives slowly with pleasant afternoon temperatures and less heavy rainfall by April, although showers are common until into June. High summer in July and August is very warm in the afternoon and generally dry, with no rain falling for 79 days, between June 23 – September 9, 1967, which saw the hottest month on record in August 1967 where the mean maximum was 92.1 °F (33.4 °C). Low humidity and pleasant mornings make this season comfortable, although airflows from the hot continent can bring spells of sweltering and arid weather, with 106 °F (41.1 °C) reached on July 19, 1956, and on August 8, 1981. On average, eighteen afternoons will top 90 °F (32.2 °C) but only two can expect to reach 100 °F (37.8 °C), while 62 mornings fall below freezing, but only two spells (in January–February 1950 and December 1972) have ever seen temperatures as low as 0 °F (−17.8 °C).
Climate data for Dallas, Oregon | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 65 (18) |
71 (22) |
90 (32) |
88 (31) |
98 (37) |
110 (43) |
106 (41) |
106 (41) |
104 (40) |
91 (33) |
76 (24) |
66 (19) |
110 (43) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 45.3 (7.4) |
49.7 (9.8) |
55.2 (12.9) |
60.4 (15.8) |
66.9 (19.4) |
73.0 (22.8) |
80.9 (27.2) |
81.5 (27.5) |
76.7 (24.8) |
64.7 (18.2) |
50.7 (10.4) |
44.2 (6.8) |
62.4 (16.9) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 33.1 (0.6) |
34.8 (1.6) |
36.9 (2.7) |
39.4 (4.1) |
43.7 (6.5) |
47.8 (8.8) |
50.4 (10.2) |
49.8 (9.9) |
47.0 (8.3) |
41.2 (5.1) |
37.2 (2.9) |
33.2 (0.7) |
41.2 (5.1) |
Record low °F (°C) | −11 (−24) |
−2 (−19) |
10 (−12) |
24 (−4) |
27 (−3) |
31 (−1) |
35 (2) |
34 (1) |
30 (−1) |
22 (−6) |
9 (−13) |
−2 (−19) |
−11 (−24) |
Average rainfall inches (mm) | 7.82 (199) |
6.66 (169) |
5.33 (135) |
3.24 (82) |
2.21 (56) |
1.41 (36) |
0.50 (13) |
0.67 (17) |
1.44 (37) |
3.28 (83) |
7.79 (198) |
8.78 (223) |
49.13 (1,248) |
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 inch) | 17.7 | 15.5 | 16.4 | 12.8 | 10.3 | 7.2 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 6.5 | 10.4 | 17.5 | 17.6 | 138.7 |
Source: [15] |
Demographics
[edit]Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1880 | 670 | — | |
1890 | 848 | 26.6% | |
1900 | 1,271 | 49.9% | |
1910 | 2,124 | 67.1% | |
1920 | 2,701 | 27.2% | |
1930 | 2,975 | 10.1% | |
1940 | 3,579 | 20.3% | |
1950 | 4,793 | 33.9% | |
1960 | 5,072 | 5.8% | |
1970 | 6,361 | 25.4% | |
1980 | 8,530 | 34.1% | |
1990 | 9,422 | 10.5% | |
2000 | 12,459 | 32.2% | |
2010 | 14,583 | 17.0% | |
2020 | 16,854 | 15.6% | |
Sources:[5][16][17][18][19][4] |
The median income in 2000 for a household in the city was $35,967, and the median income for a family was $45,156. Males had a median income of $34,271 versus $22,941 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,734. About 7.8% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.
2010 census
[edit]As of the census[20] of 2010, there were 14,583 people, 5,747 households, and 3,952 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,031.8 inhabitants per square mile (1,170.6/km2). There were 6,137 housing units at an average density of 1,275.9 per square mile (492.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 92.6% White, 0.2% African American, 2.0% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 5.9% of the population.
There were 5,747 households, of which 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.8% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.2% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.98.
The median age in the city was 39.8 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.3% were from 25 to 44; 24.8% were from 45 to 64; and 18.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.
Media
[edit]The Polk County Itemizer-Observer is a weekly newspaper published in Dallas since 1875. KWIP (880 AM) is the only radio station currently licensed to the city.
Infrastructure
[edit]Dallas' only hospital is West Valley Hospital. Oregon Route 223 is the only state highway that serves the city.
Notable people
[edit]- Jeri Ellsworth, self-taught computer chip designer[21]
- Darcy Fast, Major League Baseball pitcher for the Chicago Cubs
- Carl Gerlinger, founder of Gerlinger Carrier Company[22]
- George T. Gerlinger, founder of Willamette Industries[23]
- Irene Hazard Gerlinger, first female regent of the University of Oregon[24]
- Louis Gerlinger Sr., founder of the Salem, Falls City and Western Railway[25]
- Mark Hatfield, former Governor of Oregon; United States senator, 1967–1997[26]
- Johnny Kitzmiller, football player and College Football Hall of Fame member[27]
- Jordan Poyer, pro football strong safety for the Buffalo Bills[28]
- Johnnie Ray, 1950s singer and recording artist[29]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Mayor - Dallas, OR - Official Website". www.ci.dallas.or.us.
- ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Dallas, Oregon
- ^ a b "Census Population API". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". US Census. Retrieved April 25, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g McArthur, Lewis A.; McArthur, Lewis L. (2003) [1928]. Oregon Geographic Names (7th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. p. 266. ISBN 978-0875952772.
- ^ quoted in 100 Years in Polk County: A Centennial Background
- ^ The History of Polk County, Oregon, Polk County Historical Society, 1987, p. 12
- ^ a b Catherine A. Baldwin (1982). Making the Most of the Best: Willamette Industries' Seventy-Five Years. (Portland, OR: Willamette Industries, 172 p.).
- ^ "Weyerhaeuser tries to take over Willamette Forest Industries". www.bio.net.
- ^ "SEC 10K for 1999".
- ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 25, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
- ^ "NOW Data". National Weather Service, Portland, Oregon.
- ^ "Climatography of the United States NO.81" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved September 28, 2020.[permanent dead link ]
- ^ "Population-Oregon" (PDF). U.S. Census 1910. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
- ^ "Population-Oregon" (PDF). 15th Census of the United States. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved November 27, 2013.
- ^ "Number of Inhabitants: Oregon" (PDF). 18th Census of the United States. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
- ^ "Pennsylvania: Population and Housing Unit Counts" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
- ^ Markoff, John (December 20, 2004). "A Toy With a Story". The New York Times.
- ^ "Gerlinger Carrier Company - straddle carriers for industry". Gerlingercarrier.com. Archived from the original on February 8, 2012. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
- ^ The Packages - Google Boeken. 1919. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
- ^ Journals of the Senate and House of the ... Legislative Assembly. State Printing Department. 1915. p. 96.
- ^ "Artifacts Along U. S. 99 West | Oregon history by Kenneth Munford". Bentoncountymuseum.org. Archived from the original on March 7, 2012. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
- ^ "Mark O. Hatfield Library: Mark O. Hatfield Biography". Library.willamette.edu. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
- ^ "Former Oregon Star Confident of Victory". Register-Guard. October 24, 1961. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
- ^ "Jordan Poyer Biography". ESPN.
- ^ Dahl, Bill. "Johnnie Ray". AllMusic. Retrieved February 28, 2012.