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| name = Naanal
| name = Naanal
| image = Naanal film poster.jpg
| image = Naanal film poster.jpg
| border = no
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[K. Balachander]]
| director = [[K. Balachander]]
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| based_on = {{based on|''Naanal''|K. Balachander}}
| based_on = {{based on|''Naanal''|K. Balachander}}
| producer = G. V. Saravanan
| producer = G. V. Saravanan
| starring = [[R. Muthuraman]]<br />[[K. R. Vijaya]]<br />[[Major Sundarrajan]]<br />[[Sowcar Janaki]]<br />[[Srikanth (Tamil actor, born 1940)|Srikanth]]<br />[[Nagesh]]
| starring = [[R. Muthuraman]]<br />[[K. R. Vijaya]]<br />[[Major Sundarrajan]]<br />[[Sowcar Janaki]]<br />[[Srikanth (actor, born 1940)|Srikanth]]<br />[[Nagesh]]
| cinematography = P. N. Sundaram
| cinematography = P. N. Sundaram
| editing = N. R. Kittu <br /> S. Muthu
| editing = N. R. Kittu <br /> S. Muthu
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}}
}}


'''''Naanal''''' ({{translation|[[Reed (plant)|Reed]]}}) is a 1965 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[comedy film]], written and directed by [[K. Balachander]]. It is based on his play of the same name. The film stars [[R. Muthuraman]], [[Major Sundarrajan]], [[Srikanth (Tamil actor, born 1940)|Srikanth]], [[Sowcar Janaki]], [[K. R. Vijaya]] and [[Nagesh]]. It was released on 24 December 1965.
'''''Naanal''''' ({{translation|[[Reed (plant)|Reed]]}} cane) is a 1965 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[crime comedy film]], written and directed by [[K. Balachander]]. It is based on his play of the same name. The film stars [[R. Muthuraman]], [[Major Sundarrajan]], [[Srikanth (actor, born 1940)|Srikanth]], [[Sowcar Janaki]], [[K. R. Vijaya]] and [[Nagesh]]. It was released on 24 December 1965 and failed at the box office.


== Plot ==
== Plot ==
Line 28: Line 27:


== Cast ==
== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[R. Muthuraman]] as Inspector Baskaran
* [[R. Muthuraman]] as Inspector Baskaran
* [[Major Sundarrajan]] as Prisoner Arasu
* [[Major Sundarrajan]] as Prisoner Arasu
* [[Sowcar Janaki]] as Savitri
* [[Sowcar Janaki]] as Savitri
* [[K. R. Vijaya]] as Jaya, Raghunathan's sister
* [[K. R. Vijaya]] as Jaya, Raghunathan's sister
* [[Srikanth (Tamil actor, born 1940)|Srikanth]] as Murali
* [[Srikanth (actor, born 1940)|Srikanth]] as Murali
* [[Nagesh]] as Pattabi Raman
* [[Nagesh]] as Pattabi Raman
* [[S. N. Lakshmi]] as Lakshmi
* [[S. N. Lakshmi]] as Lakshmi
* [[Shoba]]
* Shobha
* [[K. Vijayan]] as Judge Raghunathan
* [[K. Vijayan]] as Judge Raghunathan
* Gemini Mali as Prisoner David
* Gemini Mali as Prisoner David
* Hari Krishnan as Prisoner Bairavan
* Hari Krishnan as Prisoner Bairavan
* I. S. R. as Kesavan (Servant)
* I. S. R. as Kesavan
* [[Typist Gopu]] as Milk Man
* [[Typist Gopu]] as Milk Man
}}


== Production ==
== Production ==
''Naanal'' was a play written by [[K. Balachander]] and inspired by the film ''[[The Desperate Hours (1955 film)|Desperate Hours]]''.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Gopalie |first=S. |year=1969 |title=Tamil {{!}} (In)significant |url=http://theatreforum.in/enwiki/static/upload/docs/Enact_69.pdf |url-status=live |magazine=Enact |issue=25 |pages=13–15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043807/http://theatreforum.in/enwiki/static/upload/docs/Enact_69.pdf |archive-date=6 March 2019 |access-date=6 November 2021}}</ref> After the release of ''[[Neerkumizhi]]'', Balachander decided to adapt ''Desparate Hours'' as the story for his next play after being impressed by the plot.<ref name=kalki>{{cite magazine|magazine=Kalki|language=Ta|url=https://archive.org/details/kalki1995-02-12/page/n49/mode/2up|pages=49-51|title=நினைவலைகள் - 28|date=12 February 1995|access-date=7 February 2023}}</ref> It was later adapted by him into a film with the same name after the film's producer Velumani felt it can be made into a film.<ref name=kalki /><ref>{{Cite web |title=1965 – நாணல் – சரவணா பிக். (மேடை நாடகம்) |trans-title=1965 – Naanal – Saravana Pic. (stage play) |url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1965-cinedetails26.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190304051519/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1965-cinedetails26.asp |archive-date=4 March 2019 |access-date=4 March 2019 |website=[[Lakshman Sruthi]] |language=ta}}</ref>
''Naanal'' was a play written by [[K. Balachander]] and inspired by the film ''[[The Desperate Hours (1955 film)|The Desperate Hours]]'' (1955).<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Gopalie |first=S. |year=1969 |title=Tamil {{!}} (In)significant |url=http://theatreforum.in/enwiki/static/upload/docs/Enact_69.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043807/http://theatreforum.in/enwiki/static/upload/docs/Enact_69.pdf |archive-date=6 March 2019 |access-date=6 November 2021 |magazine=Enact |pages=13–15 |issue=25}}</ref> After the release of ''[[Neerkumizhi]]'', Balachander decided to adapt ''The Desperate Hours'' as the story for his next play after being impressed by the plot.<ref name="kalki">{{Cite magazine |last=பாலசந்தர் |first=கே. |author-link=K. Balachander |date=12 February 1995 |title=நினைவலைகள்&nbsp;– 28 |url=https://archive.org/download/kalki1995-02-12/kalki1995-02-12.pdf |access-date=25 June 2024 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |pages=49–51 |language=Ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> ''Naanal'' was later adapted by him into a film with the same name after the producer Velumani felt it had potential.<ref name="kalki" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=1965&nbsp;– நாணல்&nbsp;– சரவணா பிக். (மேடை நாடகம்) |trans-title=1965&nbsp;– Naanal&nbsp;– Saravana Pic. (stage play) |url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1965-cinedetails26.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190304051519/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1965-cinedetails26.asp |archive-date=4 March 2019 |access-date=4 March 2019 |website=[[Lakshman Sruthi]] |language=ta}}</ref> ''Naanal'' marked the feature film debut of [[Typist Gopu]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2019 |title=Veteran Tamil actor 'typist' Gopu passes away in Chennai |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/veteran-tamil-actor-typist-gopu-passes-away-chennai-97885 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303213640/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/veteran-tamil-actor-typist-gopu-passes-away-chennai-97885 |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 November 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref>


⚫
When the film was submitted to the [[Central Board of Film Certification|censor board]] for certification, an official raised objection against the film's concept, believing it may influence criminals in real life to take revenge in a similar manner and instructed Balachander to change the story and film it again. Balachander, who was shocked by this decision as the film was nearing its release, made changes to the film like redubbing lines of "Judge" and replacing it with "Durai" while also shooting a flashback scene to show the reason for the criminals' anger against the film's protagonist in one day and added it in the film. After making these changes, the certification was given.<ref name="kalki" />
The film marked the feature film debut of [[Typist Gopu]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2019 |title=Veteran Tamil actor 'typist' Gopu passes away in Chennai |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/veteran-tamil-actor-typist-gopu-passes-away-chennai-97885 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303213640/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/veteran-tamil-actor-typist-gopu-passes-away-chennai-97885 |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 November 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref>


== Soundtrack ==
== Soundtrack ==
Music was composed by [[V. Kumar]] and lyrics were written by [[Alangudi Somu]] and [[Suratha]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Naanal |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/naanal/qkserKZxmZY_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043435/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/naanal/qkserKZxmZY_ |archive-date=6 March 2019 |access-date=4 March 2019 |website=[[JioSaavn]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Naanal |url=http://gaana.com/album/Naanal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609185452/http://gaana.com/album/Naanal |archive-date=9 June 2016 |access-date=2 May 2016 |website=[[Gaana (music streaming service)|Gaana]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Neelamegam |first=G. |title=Thiraikalanjiyam&nbsp;— Part 2 |date=November 2016 |publisher=Manivasagar Publishers |edition=1st |location=Chennai |pages=205–206 |language=ta}}</ref> A. R. Venkatachalapathy of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote, "[Suratha] had a knack for compiling data, making lists and turning them into poetry", citing "Vinnukku Melaadai" in ''Naanal'' as an example.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Venkatachalapathy |first=A.R. |date=17 June 2021 |title=Suradha: The poet of similes |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/suradha-the-poet-of-similes/article34841499.ece |url-status=live |access-date=6 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629010038/https://www.thehindu.com/books/suradha-the-poet-of-similes/article34841499.ece |archive-date=29 June 2021}}</ref>
Music was composed by [[V. Kumar]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 December 1965 |title=Naanal |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/naanal/qkserKZxmZY_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043435/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/naanal/qkserKZxmZY_ |archive-date=6 March 2019 |access-date=4 March 2019 |website=[[JioSaavn]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Neelamegam |first=G. |title=Thiraikalanjiyam&nbsp;— Part 2 |date=November 2016 |publisher=Manivasagar Publishers |edition=1st |location=Chennai |pages=205–206 |language=ta}}</ref> [[A. R. Venkatachalapathy]] wrote, "[<nowiki/>[[Suratha]]] had a knack for compiling data, making lists and turning them into poetry", citing "Vinnukku Melaadai" in ''Naanal'' as an example.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Venkatachalapathy |first=A.R. |author-link=A. R. Venkatachalapathy |date=17 June 2021 |title=Suradha: The poet of similes |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/suradha-the-poet-of-similes/article34841499.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629010038/https://www.thehindu.com/books/suradha-the-poet-of-similes/article34841499.ece |archive-date=29 June 2021 |access-date=6 November 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! No. !! Songs !! Singers !! Length !! Lyricists
! Songs !! Singers !! Lyricists!! Length
|-
|-
| 1 || "Ennathaan Paaduvathu" || [[P. Susheela]] || 03:59 || rowspan=3|[[Alangudi Somu]]
| "Ennathaan Paaduvathu" || [[P. Susheela]] || rowspan="3" |[[Alangudi Somu]]|| 03:59
|-
|-
| 2 || "Kuyil Koovi Thuyil Ezhuppa" || [[Soolamangalam Sisters|Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi]] || 02:52
| "Kuyil Koovi Thuyil Ezhuppa" || [[Soolamangalam Sisters|Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi]] || 02:52
|-
|-
| 3 || "Kuyil Koovi Thuyil Ezhuppa"&nbsp;– Sad || Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi & [[Major Sundarrajan]] (dialogues) || 03:26
| "Kuyil Koovi Thuyil Ezhuppa"&nbsp;– Sad || Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi & [[Major Sundarrajan]] (dialogues) || 03:26
|-
|-
| 4 || "Vinnukku Melaadai" || [[T. M. Soundararajan]] & P. Susheela || 05:39 || Suratha
| "Vinnukku Melaadai" || [[T. M. Soundararajan]] & P. Susheela || [[Suratha]]|| 05:39
|}
|}


== Release and reception ==
== Release and reception ==
⚫
''Naanal'' was released on 24 December 1965.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 December 1965 |title=Naanal |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19651224&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=18 December 2017 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=10 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> T. M. Ramachandran of ''[[Sport and Pastime]]'' positively reviewed the film, praising Sundarrajan's performance more than the other cast members.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Ramachandran |first=T. M. |date=12 February 1966 |title=Naanal |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.20950/page/n339/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230209055015/https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.20950/page/n339/mode/2up |archive-date=9 February 2023 |access-date=9 February 2023 |magazine=[[Sport and Pastime]] |page=42 |via=[[Internet Archive]] |volume=20}}</ref> ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' gave the film a less positive review, comparing it unfavourably to the source play.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=9 January 1966 |title=நாணல் |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki1966-01-09/page/n10/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230209055843/https://archive.org/details/kalki1966-01-09/page/n10/mode/2up |archive-date=9 February 2023 |access-date=9 February 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=9 |language=ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> The film did not do well at the box-office.<ref name="kalki" />
⚫
When the film was submitted to Censor Board for certification, censor official raised objection against the film's concept as it may influence criminals in real life to take revenge in a similar manner and instructed Balachander to change the story and film it again. Balachander who was shocked by this decision as the film was nearing its releases made changes to the film like redubbing lines of "Judge" and replacing it with "Durai" while also shot a flashback scene to show reason for criminals anger against the film's protagonist in one day and added it in the film. After making these changes, the certification was given.<ref name=kalki />

⚫
''Naanal'' was released on 24 December 1965.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 December 1965 |title=Naanal |pages=10 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19651224&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=18 December 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> T. M. Ramachandran of ''[[Sport and Pastime]]'' positively reviewed the film, praising Sundarrajan's performance more than the other cast members.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Ramachandran |first=T. M. |date=12 February 1966 |title=Naanal |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.20950/page/n339 |magazine=[[Sport and Pastime]] |volume=20 |page=42 |access-date=4 March 2019}}</ref> ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' gave the film a less positive review, comparing it unfavourably to the source play.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=9 January 1966 |title=நாணல் |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki1966-01-09/page/n10/mode/1up |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |language=ta |page=9 |access-date=10 October 2022}}</ref> The film didn't do well at the box-office.<ref name=kalki />


== Legacy ==
== Legacy ==
The storyline of [[Crazy Mohan]]'s play ''Crazy Thieves in Palavakkam'' was inspired by ''Naanal''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ramakrishnan |first=Deepa H. |date=1 September 2016 |title='Crazy Thieves' all set to return |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/%E2%80%98Crazy-Thieves%E2%80%99-all-set-to-return/article14617837.ece |url-status=live |access-date=18 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171218074737/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/%E2%80%98Crazy-Thieves%E2%80%99-all-set-to-return/article14617837.ece |archive-date=18 December 2017}}</ref>
The storyline of [[Crazy Mohan]]'s play ''Crazy Thieves in Palavakkam'' was inspired by ''Naanal''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ramakrishnan |first=Deepa H. |date=1 September 2016 |title='Crazy Thieves' all set to return |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/%E2%80%98Crazy-Thieves%E2%80%99-all-set-to-return/article14617837.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171218074737/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/%E2%80%98Crazy-Thieves%E2%80%99-all-set-to-return/article14617837.ece |archive-date=18 December 2017 |access-date=18 December 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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{{K. Balachander}}
{{K. Balachander}}
⚫
[[Category:1960s crime comedy films]]

[[Category:1960s Indian films]]
[[Category:1960s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1960s Tamil-language films]]
⚫
[[Category:1965 comedy films]]
[[Category:1965 films]]
[[Category:1965 films]]
[[Category:Censored films]]
[[Category:Film censorship in India]]
[[Category:Films about home invasion]]
[[Category:Films about hostage takings]]
[[Category:Films based on adaptations]]
[[Category:Films based on adaptations]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Balachander]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Balachander]]
[[Category:Films scored by V. Kumar]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by K. Balachander]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by K. Balachander]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian crime comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian films based on plays]]
[[Category:Indian films based on plays]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Works subject to expurgation]]

Latest revision as of 07:26, 17 October 2024

Naanal
Theatrical release poster
Directed byK. Balachander
Written byK. Balachander
Based onNaanal
by K. Balachander
Produced byG. V. Saravanan
StarringR. Muthuraman
K. R. Vijaya
Major Sundarrajan
Sowcar Janaki
Srikanth
Nagesh
CinematographyP. N. Sundaram
Edited byN. R. Kittu
S. Muthu
Music byV. Kumar
Production
company
Saravana Pictures
Release date
  • 24 December 1965 (1965-12-24)
Running time
135 minutes
CountryIndia
LanguageTamil

Naanal (transl. Reed cane) is a 1965 Indian Tamil-language crime comedy film, written and directed by K. Balachander. It is based on his play of the same name. The film stars R. Muthuraman, Major Sundarrajan, Srikanth, Sowcar Janaki, K. R. Vijaya and Nagesh. It was released on 24 December 1965 and failed at the box office.

Plot

[edit]

Four jailbirds escape from prison to take revenge on the judge who sentenced them. They take over his house, and the film builds around the judge and his family escaping from them.

Cast

[edit]

Production

[edit]

Naanal was a play written by K. Balachander and inspired by the film The Desperate Hours (1955).[1] After the release of Neerkumizhi, Balachander decided to adapt The Desperate Hours as the story for his next play after being impressed by the plot.[2] Naanal was later adapted by him into a film with the same name after the producer Velumani felt it had potential.[2][3] Naanal marked the feature film debut of Typist Gopu.[4]

When the film was submitted to the censor board for certification, an official raised objection against the film's concept, believing it may influence criminals in real life to take revenge in a similar manner and instructed Balachander to change the story and film it again. Balachander, who was shocked by this decision as the film was nearing its release, made changes to the film like redubbing lines of "Judge" and replacing it with "Durai" while also shooting a flashback scene to show the reason for the criminals' anger against the film's protagonist in one day and added it in the film. After making these changes, the certification was given.[2]

Soundtrack

[edit]

Music was composed by V. Kumar.[5][6] A. R. Venkatachalapathy wrote, "[Suratha] had a knack for compiling data, making lists and turning them into poetry", citing "Vinnukku Melaadai" in Naanal as an example.[7]

Songs Singers Lyricists Length
"Ennathaan Paaduvathu" P. Susheela Alangudi Somu 03:59
"Kuyil Koovi Thuyil Ezhuppa" Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi 02:52
"Kuyil Koovi Thuyil Ezhuppa" – Sad Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi & Major Sundarrajan (dialogues) 03:26
"Vinnukku Melaadai" T. M. Soundararajan & P. Susheela Suratha 05:39

Release and reception

[edit]

Naanal was released on 24 December 1965.[8] T. M. Ramachandran of Sport and Pastime positively reviewed the film, praising Sundarrajan's performance more than the other cast members.[9] Kalki gave the film a less positive review, comparing it unfavourably to the source play.[10] The film did not do well at the box-office.[2]

Legacy

[edit]

The storyline of Crazy Mohan's play Crazy Thieves in Palavakkam was inspired by Naanal.[11]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Gopalie, S. (1969). "Tamil | (In)significant" (PDF). Enact. No. 25. pp. 13–15. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d பாலசந்தர், கே. (12 February 1995). "நினைவலைகள் – 28" (PDF). Kalki (in Tamil). pp. 49–51. Retrieved 25 June 2024 – via Internet Archive.
  3. ^ "1965 – நாணல் – சரவணா பிக். (மேடை நாடகம்)" [1965 – Naanal – Saravana Pic. (stage play)]. Lakshman Sruthi (in Tamil). Archived from the original on 4 March 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  4. ^ "Veteran Tamil actor 'typist' Gopu passes away in Chennai". The News Minute. 7 March 2019. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
  5. ^ "Naanal". JioSaavn. 31 December 1965. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  6. ^ Neelamegam, G. (November 2016). Thiraikalanjiyam — Part 2 (in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: Manivasagar Publishers. pp. 205–206.
  7. ^ Venkatachalapathy, A.R. (17 June 2021). "Suradha: The poet of similes". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 29 June 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
  8. ^ "Naanal". The Indian Express. 24 December 1965. p. 10. Retrieved 18 December 2017 – via Google News Archive.
  9. ^ Ramachandran, T. M. (12 February 1966). "Naanal". Sport and Pastime. Vol. 20. p. 42. Archived from the original on 9 February 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via Internet Archive.
  10. ^ "நாணல்". Kalki (in Tamil). 9 January 1966. p. 9. Archived from the original on 9 February 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via Internet Archive.
  11. ^ Ramakrishnan, Deepa H. (1 September 2016). "'Crazy Thieves' all set to return". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 18 December 2017. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
[edit]
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