Actinopyga mauritiana: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of sea cucumber}} |
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{{Speciesbox |
{{Speciesbox |
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| image = Actinopyga mauritiana.jpg |
| image = Actinopyga mauritiana.jpg |
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| status = VU |
| status = VU |
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| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite |
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Conand, C. |author2=Purcell, S. |author3=Gamboa, R. |date=2013 |title=''Actinopyga mauritiana'' |volume=2013 |page=e.T180337A1616879 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T180337A1616879.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| genus = Actinopyga |
| genus = Actinopyga |
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| species = mauritiana |
| species = mauritiana |
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| authority = ([[Jean René Constant Quoy|Quoy]] & [[Joseph Paul Gaimard|Gaimard]], 1834)<ref name=itis>{{cite web |url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=1078958#null |title=ITIS Standard Report Page: Actinopyga mauritiana|year=2015| |
| authority = ([[Jean René Constant Quoy|Quoy]] & [[Joseph Paul Gaimard|Gaimard]], 1834)<ref name=itis>{{cite web |url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=1078958#null |title=ITIS Standard Report Page: Actinopyga mauritiana|year=2015|access-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> |
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| synonyms = * ''Holothuria mauritiana'' <small>[[Jean René Constant Quoy|Quoy]] & [[Joseph Paul Gaimard|Gaimard]], 1834</small> |
| synonyms = * ''Holothuria mauritiana'' <small>[[Jean René Constant Quoy|Quoy]] & [[Joseph Paul Gaimard|Gaimard]], 1834</small> |
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* ''Muelleria mauritiana '' <small>[[Jean René Constant Quoy|Quoy]] & [[Joseph Paul Gaimard|Gaimard]], 1834</small> |
* ''Muelleria mauritiana '' <small>[[Jean René Constant Quoy|Quoy]] & [[Joseph Paul Gaimard|Gaimard]], 1834</small> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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''Actinopyga mauritiana'' grows to a length of about {{convert|220|to|350|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}, with a maximum width of {{convert|10|cm|in|0|abbr=on}}. The body wall is rough, leathery, and has a maximum thickness of {{convert|6|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}. The bivium is dark brown or orange in coloration, with occasional white spots, and is sometimes wrinkled. It is wider in the middle, and tapers out on either end. The bivium is also covered in long and slender papilles, which are typically dark orange or brown in coloration. The trivium is white in coloration, and covered in many stout podia. The anus is surrounded by twenty-five anal teeth, and the pinkish [[Cuvierian tubules]], unlike other sea cucumbers, are never expelled.<ref name=sealifebase>{{cite web |url=https://www.sealifebase.ca/summary/Actinopyga-mauritiana.html |title=''Actinopyga mauritiana, surf redfish'' |
''Actinopyga mauritiana'' grows to a length of about {{convert|220|to|350|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}, with a maximum width of {{convert|10|cm|in|0|abbr=on}}. The body wall is rough, leathery, and has a maximum thickness of {{convert|6|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}. The bivium is dark brown or orange in coloration, with occasional white spots, and is sometimes wrinkled. It is wider in the middle, and tapers out on either end. The bivium is also covered in long and slender papilles, which are typically dark orange or brown in coloration. The trivium is white in coloration, and covered in many stout podia. The anus is surrounded by twenty-five anal teeth, and the pinkish [[Cuvierian tubules]], unlike other sea cucumbers, are never expelled.<ref name=sealifebase>{{cite web |url=https://www.sealifebase.ca/summary/Actinopyga-mauritiana.html |title=''Actinopyga mauritiana, surf redfish'' |publisher=SeaLifeBase |access-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> |
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== Distribution and habitat == |
== Distribution and habitat == |
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''Actinopyga mauritiana'' is found off the coasts of Asia and Africa, in the tropical [[Indian Ocean]] and the western [[Pacific Ocean]]. Its range extends from as far east as the [[Red Sea]] to as far west as [[Hawaii]]. It is particularly common off the coast of Madagascar, where it can be found on the west coast from the south of [[Toliara]] to [[Nosy Be]]. It is found near outer reef flats and fringe reefs, and is more active during the day, when it feeds on substrate. It can be found in depths of {{convert|0|to|50|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}}.<ref name=iucn/> |
''Actinopyga mauritiana'' is found off the coasts of Asia and Africa, in the tropical [[Indian Ocean]] and the western [[Pacific Ocean]]. Its range extends from as far east as the [[Red Sea]] to as far west as [[Hawaii]]. It is particularly common off the coast of Madagascar, where it can be found on the west coast from the south of [[Toliara]] to [[Nosy Be]]. It is found near outer reef flats and fringe reefs, and is more active during the day, when it feeds on substrate. It can be found in depths of {{convert|0|to|50|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}}.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" /> |
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== |
== Use as food == |
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This species is harvested commercially for food throughout its range. It is used in the production of [[bêche-de-mer]], which is consumed as a delicacy, and is of greater importance in times of hardship. It is harvested by 22 countries and island states in the Western Central Pacific, and is one of the top three species for local subsistence. Because it is easy to collect, it is over-exploited in many areas, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature estimates that populations have declined by 60 to 90% over at least 60% of its range. It further estimates that is overexploited in 25% of its range, and it has assessed the conservation status as [[Vulnerable (IUCN Red List of Ecosystems)| |
This species is harvested commercially for food throughout its range. It is used in the production of [[Sea cucumber (food)|bêche-de-mer]], which is consumed as a delicacy, and is of greater importance in times of hardship. It is harvested by 22 countries and island states in the Western Central Pacific, and is one of the top three species for local subsistence. |
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== Status == |
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Because it is easy to collect, it is over-exploited in many areas, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature estimates that populations have declined by 60 to 90% over at least 60% of its range. It further estimates that is overexploited in 25% of its range, and it has assessed the conservation status as [[Vulnerable (IUCN Red List of Ecosystems)|vulnerable]] due to this.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" /> |
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{{Portal|Marine Life}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2548717}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2548717}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Actinopyga|mauritiana]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Echinoderms of the Indian Ocean]] |
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[[Category:Echinoderms of the Pacific Ocean]] |
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[[Category:Echinoderms described in 1834]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Joseph Paul Gaimard]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Jean René Constant Quoy]] |
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[[Category:Sea cucumbers as food]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:19, 17 October 2024
| Actinopyga mauritiana | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Holothuroidea |
| Order: | Holothuriida |
| Family: | Holothuriidae |
| Genus: | Actinopyga |
| Species: | A. mauritiana
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| Binomial name | |
| Actinopyga mauritiana | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
Actinopyga mauritiana, commonly known as the surf redfish,[3] is a species of sea cucumber in the family Holothuriidae. It is native to the tropical West Indo-Pacific region and is harvested for food.
Description
[edit]Actinopyga mauritiana grows to a length of about 220 to 350 mm (9 to 14 in), with a maximum width of 10 cm (4 in). The body wall is rough, leathery, and has a maximum thickness of 6 mm (0 in). The bivium is dark brown or orange in coloration, with occasional white spots, and is sometimes wrinkled. It is wider in the middle, and tapers out on either end. The bivium is also covered in long and slender papilles, which are typically dark orange or brown in coloration. The trivium is white in coloration, and covered in many stout podia. The anus is surrounded by twenty-five anal teeth, and the pinkish Cuvierian tubules, unlike other sea cucumbers, are never expelled.[3]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Actinopyga mauritiana is found off the coasts of Asia and Africa, in the tropical Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Its range extends from as far east as the Red Sea to as far west as Hawaii. It is particularly common off the coast of Madagascar, where it can be found on the west coast from the south of Toliara to Nosy Be. It is found near outer reef flats and fringe reefs, and is more active during the day, when it feeds on substrate. It can be found in depths of 0 to 50 m (0 to 160 ft).[1]
Use as food
[edit]This species is harvested commercially for food throughout its range. It is used in the production of bêche-de-mer, which is consumed as a delicacy, and is of greater importance in times of hardship. It is harvested by 22 countries and island states in the Western Central Pacific, and is one of the top three species for local subsistence.
Status
[edit]Because it is easy to collect, it is over-exploited in many areas, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature estimates that populations have declined by 60 to 90% over at least 60% of its range. It further estimates that is overexploited in 25% of its range, and it has assessed the conservation status as vulnerable due to this.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Conand, C.; Purcell, S.; Gamboa, R. (2013). "Actinopyga mauritiana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T180337A1616879. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T180337A1616879.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ a b "ITIS Standard Report Page: Actinopyga mauritiana". 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
- ^ a b "Actinopyga mauritiana, surf redfish". SeaLifeBase. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
