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{{Short description|Village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England}}
{{Short description|Town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{More footnotes|date=May 2012}}
{{More footnotes needed|date=May 2012}}
{{Infobox UK place
{{Infobox UK place
| country = England
| country = England
| static_image_name = Sherburn in Elmet Village - geograph.org.uk - 104998.jpg
| static_image_name = Sherburn in Elmet Village - geograph.org.uk - 104998.jpg
| static_image_caption = Sherburn village centre
| static_image_caption = Sherburn town centre
| coordinates = {{coord|53.7973|-1.2331|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|53.7973|-1.2331|display=inline,title}}
| label_position = top
| label_position = top
Line 12: Line 12:
| population = 6,657
| population = 6,657
| population_ref = ([[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]])<ref name="2011 census" />
| population_ref = ([[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]])<ref name="2011 census" />
| civil_parish = Sherburn in Elmet<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sherburninelmet-pc.gov.uk/ |title = Home - Sherburn in Elmet Parish Council}}</ref>
| civil_parish = Sherburn in Elmet<ref name=town>{{cite web |title=Home – Sherburn in Elmet Town Council |url=https://www.sherburninelmet-tc.gov.uk/ |website=www.sherburninelmet-tc.gov.uk |access-date=7 July 2023 }}</ref>
| shire_district = [[Selby District|Selby]]
| unitary_england = [[North Yorkshire (district)|North Yorkshire]]
| shire_county = [[North Yorkshire]]
| lieutenancy_england = [[North Yorkshire]]
| region = Yorkshire and the Humber
| region = Yorkshire and the Humber
| constituency_westminster = [[Selby and Ainsty (UK Parliament constituency)|Selby and Ainsty]]
| constituency_westminster = [[Selby (UK Parliament constituency)|Selby]]
| post_town = LEEDS
| post_town = LEEDS
| postcode_district = LS25
| postcode_district = LS25
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| dial_code = 01977
| dial_code = 01977
| os_grid_reference = SE506337
| os_grid_reference = SE506337
| type = Village
| type = Town and Civil Parish
}}
}}
'''Sherburn in Elmet''' (pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ʃ|ɜːr|b|ər|n|ɪ|n|ˈ|ɛ|l|m|ᵻ|t}} {{respell|SHUR|bər-nin|EL|mit}}) is a large village, [[Civil parishes in England|civil parish]] and [[Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom|electoral ward]] in the [[Selby District]] of [[North Yorkshire]], England, west of [[Selby]] and south of [[Tadcaster]].
'''Sherburn in Elmet''' (pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ʃ|ɜːr|b|ər|n|ɪ|n|ˈ|ɛ|l|m|ᵻ|t}} {{respell|SHUR|bər-nin|EL|mit}}) is a town<ref name=town/> and [[Civil parishes in England|civil parish]] in the [[North Yorkshire (district)|district]] and county of [[North Yorkshire]], England. It is to the west of [[Selby]] and south of [[Tadcaster]].


It was part of the [[West Riding of Yorkshire]] until 1974.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Sherburn in Elmet, in Selby and West Riding {{!}} Map and description|url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/14206|access-date=2020-11-25|website=www.visionofbritain.org.uk}}</ref>
It was part of the [[West Riding of Yorkshire]] until 1974.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Sherburn in Elmet, in Selby and West Riding {{!}} Map and description|url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/14206|access-date=25 November 2020|website=www.visionofbritain.org.uk}}</ref>


It is one of three placenames associated with the post-Roman kingdom of [[Elmet]], the others being [[Barwick-in-Elmet]] and [[Scholes-in-Elmet]]. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 6,657.<ref name="2011 census">{{NOMIS2011|id=E04007766|title=Sherburn in Elmet Parish|access-date=18 August 2020}}</ref>
It is one of three placenames associated with the post-Roman kingdom of [[Elmet]], the others being [[Barwick-in-Elmet]] and [[Scholes-in-Elmet]]. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 6,657.<ref name="2011 census">{{NOMIS2011|id=E04007766|title=Sherburn in Elmet Parish|access-date=18 August 2020}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
The name derives from Old English "scir" (bright, pure) and "burn" (bourne, stream, spring). The earliest record of the name ('Scyreburnan') dates from 963 (Ekwall, Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, OUP, 4th ed, 1960, p.&nbsp;416). [[Elmet]] refers to a little-understood post-Roman, Brittonic (non-Anglo-Saxon) kingdom in the area around what is now the Leeds conurbation, the precise boundaries of which are not known.
The name derives from Old English "scir" (bright, pure) and "burn" (bourne, stream, spring).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Moorman |first1=F.&nbsp;W. |title=Place-Names of the West Riding of Yorkshire |date=1910 |publisher=Thoresby Society |page=169|oclc=187202578}}</ref> The earliest record of the name ('Scyreburnan') dates from 963.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ekwall |first1=Eilert |author-link=Eilert Ekwall |title=The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names |date=1960 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=0-19-869103-3 |page=416 |edition=4}}</ref> [[Elmet]] refers to a little-understood post-Roman, Brittonic (non-Anglo-Saxon) kingdom in the area around what is now the Leeds conurbation, the precise boundaries of which are not known, but are thought to have been located at bodies of water, such as the [[River Ouse, Yorkshire|Ouse]], [[River Aire|Aire]] and [[River Wharfe|Wharfe]] rivers.{{sfn|Bogg|1904|p=25}}


Sherburn is situated on a low hill of Permian limestone jutting out into the valley of the River Ouse, so the name may refer to the clarity of the water on the hill compared with the muddy streams on the alluvial plain below. This limestone ridge is still an important source of clear water, for example for the brewing industry at [[Tadcaster]] six miles to the north.
Sherburn is situated on a low hill of Permian limestone jutting out into the valley of the River Ouse, so the name may refer to the clarity of the water on the hill compared with the muddy streams on the alluvial plain below. This limestone ridge is still an important source of clear water, for example for the brewing industry at [[Tadcaster]] six miles to the north.


The Roman road connecting [[Castleford]] with Tadcaster and [[York]] ran along this ridge, and the current Low Street/Finkle Hill north–south route through the village marks its line, but little evidence of Roman settlement has been found.
The Roman road connecting [[Castleford]] with Tadcaster and [[York]] ran along this ridge, and the current Low Street/Finkle Hill north–south route through the town marks its line, but little evidence of Roman settlement has been found.{{sfn|Bogg|1904|p=19}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Sherburn in Elmet village design statement |url=https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/sites/default/files/fileroot/planning_migrated/planning_policy/091214_VDS_SHERBURN_IN_ELMET.PDF |website=northyorks.gov.uk |access-date=25 September 2023 |page=4 |date=December 2009}}</ref>


An earthwork adjoining All Saints' Church is the site of Hall Garth, sometimes erroneously called 'Athelstan's Palace', a high-status dwelling given (along with the manor of [[Cawood]]) by King [[Athelstan]] to the [[Archbishop of York|Archbishops of York]] to mark his victory over the combined Scots/Norse forces at Brunanburh in 937. Hall Garth cannot be dated back with certainty to the Kingdom of Elmet prior to its absorption into the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria in 616/7 (see Wikipedia entry for Elmet) and may have been an Anglo-Saxon rather than a Brittonic foundation. [[File:All Saints Church from Coldhill Lane, Sherburn in Elmet - geograph.org.uk - 252106.jpg|thumb|right|All Saints Church]] The existing church, a Grade I [[listed building]], contains features dating from c.1120: "C12 nave and north aisle, C13 chancel with C14 south aisle and extension to north aisle, C15 south aisle chapel, and later additions and alterations including C16 clerestory, north aisle windows and heightening of tower. East end restored in 1857 by Anthony Salvin and C19 vestry".<ref name="church">{{NHLE|num=1148444|desc=Church of All Saints|access-date=15 April 2020}}</ref> It was built on the site of an earlier Anglo-Saxon church.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1017486|desc=Site of 'King Athelstan's Palace', immediately north of the church|access-date=4 December 2021}}</ref>
An earthwork adjoining [[All Saints' Church, Sherburn in Elmet|All Saints' Church]] is the site of Hall Garth, sometimes erroneously called 'Athelstan's Palace', a high-status dwelling given (along with the manor of [[Cawood]]) by King [[Athelstan]] to the [[Archbishop of York|Archbishops of York]] to mark his victory over the combined Scots/Norse forces at Brunanburh in 937. Hall Garth cannot be dated back with certainty to the Kingdom of Elmet prior to its absorption into the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria in 616/7 (see Wikipedia entry for Elmet) and may have been an Anglo-Saxon rather than a Brittonic foundation. [[File:All Saints Church from Coldhill Lane, Sherburn in Elmet - geograph.org.uk - 252106.jpg|thumb|right|All Saints Church]] The existing church, a Grade I [[listed building]], contains features dating from c.1120: "C12 nave and north aisle, C13 chancel with C14 south aisle and extension to north aisle, C15 south aisle chapel, and later additions and alterations including C16 clerestory, north aisle windows and heightening of tower. East end restored in 1857 by Anthony Salvin and C19 vestry".<ref name="church">{{NHLE|num=1148444|desc=Church of All Saints|access-date=15 April 2020}}</ref> It was built on the site of an earlier Anglo-Saxon church.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1017486|desc=Site of 'King Athelstan's Palace', immediately north of the church|access-date=4 December 2021}}</ref>


The village was part of the [[Hundred (country subdivision)|wapentake]] of [[Barkston Ash]] in the [[West Riding of Yorkshire]].
The town was part of the [[Hundred (country subdivision)|wapentake]] of [[Barkston Ash]] in the [[West Riding of Yorkshire]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Sherburn in Elmet :: Survey of English Place-Names |url=https://epns.nottingham.ac.uk/browse/West+Riding+of+Yorkshire/53288217b47fc40c81005ff9-Sherburn+in+Elmet |website=epns.nottingham.ac.uk |access-date=25 September 2023}}</ref>


The [[Battle of Towton]] was fought nearby in 1461 and local legend {{according to whom|date=May 2012}} tells that [[Edward IV of England|King Edward IV]], who won the battle, used the church tower as a point for surveying the battle lines.{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}} In fact the battle, the main action of which occurred between 3 and 4 miles away, could not have been seen with any clarity from the church tower, which was not then as tall as it is today.<ref name="church"/>
The [[Battle of Towton]] was fought nearby in 1461 and local legend tells that [[Edward IV of England|King Edward IV]], who won the battle, used the church tower as a point for surveying the battle lines.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sherburn in Elmet village design statement |url=https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/sites/default/files/fileroot/planning_migrated/planning_policy/091214_VDS_SHERBURN_IN_ELMET.PDF |website=northyorks.gov.uk |access-date=25 September 2023 |page=5 |date=December 2009}}</ref> In fact the battle, the main action of which occurred between {{convert|3–4|mi}} away, could not have been seen with any clarity from the church tower, which was not then as tall as it is today.<ref name="church"/>


During the [[English Civil War]], the village was garrisoned by the Royalists for [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]]; it was close to their stronghold at [[Selby]] and the northern capital of [[York]], and commanded the approaches from both the south and the west. In 1645, the [[Roundhead|Parliamentarians]] attacked Sherburn and defeated the garrison. On 15 October 1645 the Battle of Sherburn-in-Elmet took place. A [[Royalist]] force commanded by Lord Digby and [[Sir Marmaduke Langdale]] attacked and initially defeated the Parliamentarian garrison now based in the village. However, another Parliamentarian force, under Colonel Copley, counterattacked and routed the Royalists. Thus was defeated the last significant Royalist force in the North during the [[First English Civil War]].<ref>C. Hibbert, ''Cavaliers and Roundheads'' (1993), pp.237–238; V. Wedgwood, ''The King's War'' (1983 edition), p.504</ref><ref>{{PastScape|mnumber=1121106|mname=Battle of Sherburn in Elmet|access-date=30 January 2014}}</ref>
During the [[English Civil War]], the town was garrisoned by the Royalists for [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]]; it was close to their stronghold at [[Selby]] and the northern capital of [[York]], and commanded the approaches from both the south and the west. In 1645, the [[Roundhead|Parliamentarians]] attacked Sherburn and defeated the garrison. On 15 October 1645 the Battle of Sherburn-in-Elmet took place. A [[Royalist]] force commanded by Lord Digby and [[Sir Marmaduke Langdale]] attacked and initially defeated the Parliamentarian garrison now based in the town. However, another Parliamentarian force, under Colonel Copley, counterattacked and routed the Royalists. Thus was defeated the last significant Royalist force in the North during the [[First English Civil War]].<ref>C. Hibbert, ''Cavaliers and Roundheads'' (1993), pp.237–238; V. Wedgwood, ''The King's War'' (1983 edition), p.504</ref><ref>{{PastScape|mnumber=1121106|mname=Battle of Sherburn in Elmet|access-date=30 January 2014}}</ref>

==Culture and community==
[[File:The Swan, Sherburn-in-Elmet - geograph.org.uk - 253283.jpg|thumb|left|The Swan, One of the many pubs in Sherburn]]
Sherburn in Elmet is often referred to locally as simply 'Sherburn'. It has Leeds as its post town and an LS25 postcode, but is in the [[Selby District]] in North Yorkshire rather than the [[City of Leeds]], which is in West Yorkshire.

The village has four supermarkets: [[Spar (retailer)|Spar]], [[Tesco]] Express, [[Aldi]] and [[Co-operative Group|Co-op]]. Until 2018, a market was held in the village centre.<ref>[https://sherburninelmet.co.uk/news/new-neighbourhood-police-officer-to-be-appointed/ Sherburn Market to Close Down] sherburninelmet.co.uk Retrieved 29 July 2021</ref>
[[File:HSBC - Low Street (geograph 2662907).jpg|thumb|right|HSBC Bank]]
Squires Cafe just outside Sherburn is a long-established meeting place for motorcycle riders, particularly on Wednesday evenings and Sunday afternoons.<ref>{{cite web|title=Squires Cafe-Bar|url=http://www.squires-cafe.co.uk/about_us/index.asp|access-date=7 October 2017}}</ref> The roads leading into Sherburn-in-Elmet are known nationally for the varied and pleasurable rides they offer for motorcyclists.{{according to whom|date=May 2012}}

The village is now home to a major industrial site attracting large businesses such as [[Eddie Stobart]] Ltd. The former Gascoigne Wood mine, which was part of the [[Selby Coalfield|Selby coalfield project]], is to the south-east.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}

Home to [[Sherburn-in-Elmet Airfield]] which is currently the base for the Sherburn Aero Club, Sherburn's links with the air industry go back to the Second World War when the [[Blackburn Aircraft Company]] built the [[Fairey Swordfish]] in the village. Production ended in 1945, and by then 1,699 such aircraft had been built in Sherburn. The airfield also saw the first flight of [[L.&nbsp;E. Baynes]]'s famous prototype glider, the [[Baynes Bat]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}


== Notable residents ==
== Notable residents ==
[[Ernest Popplewell|Ernest Popplewell, Baron Popplewell]], [[CBE]] (10 December 1899 - 11 August 1977). Ernest was conferred the dignity of a Barony of the United Kingdom for life, by the name, style and title of Baron Popplewell, of Sherburn-in-Elmet in the West Riding of the County of York.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=44014 |date=7 June 1966 |page=6598}}</ref>
[[Ernest Popplewell|Ernest Popplewell, Baron Popplewell]], [[CBE]] (10 December 1899 – 11 August 1977). Ernest was conferred the dignity of a Barony of the United Kingdom for life, by the name, style and title of Baron Popplewell, of Sherburn-in-Elmet in the West Riding of the County of York.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=44014 |date=7 June 1966 |page=6598}}</ref>


==Transport==
==Transport==
Line 64: Line 52:
The village is served by [[Sherburn-in-Elmet railway station]] with services to [[York railway station]], [[Hull Paragon Interchange]] and [[Sheffield station|Sheffield railway station]], with a second station ([[South Milford railway station]]) in nearby South Milford providing services to [[Leeds]] and [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]]. [[Arriva Yorkshire]] buses go to Leeds, [[Tadcaster]] and [[Selby]].
The village is served by [[Sherburn-in-Elmet railway station]] with services to [[York railway station]], [[Hull Paragon Interchange]] and [[Sheffield station|Sheffield railway station]], with a second station ([[South Milford railway station]]) in nearby South Milford providing services to [[Leeds]] and [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]]. [[Arriva Yorkshire]] buses go to Leeds, [[Tadcaster]] and [[Selby]].


==Economy==
==Media==
Local news and television programmes are provided by [[BBC Yorkshire]] and [[ITV Yorkshire]]. Television signals are received from the [[Emley Moor transmitting station|Emley Moor]] TV transmitter.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Emley_Moor|title=Emley Moor (Kirklees, England) Full Freeview transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=25 January 2024}}</ref> Local radio stations are [[BBC Radio York]] on 103.7&nbsp;FM, [[Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire]] (formerly [[Minister FM]]) on 104.7&nbsp;FM, [[YO1 Radio]] on 90.0&nbsp;FM, [[Heart Yorkshire]] on 106.2&nbsp;FM and [[Capital Yorkshire]] on 105.1&nbsp;FM. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://bestradios.co.uk/yorkshire-radio-stations/ |title=Yorkshire Radio Stations|date=12 July 2018 |access-date=25 January 2024}}</ref> The town is served by the local newspapers, ''[[The Press (York)|The York Press]]'' and ''Wetherby News''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-yorks/wetherby-news/|title=Wetherby News|date=14 July 2013|website=British Papers|accessdate=25 January 2024}}</ref>
[[File:The British Gypsum Sherburn Works on Fenton Lane (geograph 3564039).jpg|thumb|left|The British Gypsum Works]]
Sherburn has a large manufacturing and trading base with [[British Gypsum]] being a long time major employer, [[Sainsbury's]] have a distribution centre. In 2011 bus manufacturer, [[Optare]] moved their factory from [[Cross Gates]] to a new purpose built site in the village.


==Education==
==Education==
Sherburn in Elmet has two [[primary school|primary Schools]] and one [[secondary school]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Schools|url=https://sherburninelmet.co.uk/community/schools/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Sherburn-in-Elmet}}</ref> Its [[primary school]]s are [[Sherburn Hungate Primary School]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Sherburn Hungate Primary School - Home|url=https://www.sherburnhungate.net/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.sherburnhungate.net}}</ref> and [[Athelstan Primary School]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Athelstan Community Primary School - Home|url=http://www.athelstan.n-yorks.sch.uk/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.athelstan.n-yorks.sch.uk}}</ref> Its [[secondary school]] is [[Sherburn High School]], which is located on Garden Lane.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sherburn High School|url=https://www.sherburnhigh.co.uk/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=sherburnhigh}}</ref>
Sherburn in Elmet has two [[primary school|primary Schools]] and one [[secondary school]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Schools|url=https://sherburninelmet.co.uk/community/schools/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=Sherburn-in-Elmet}}</ref> Its [[primary school]]s are Sherburn Hungate Primary School<ref>{{cite web|title=Sherburn Hungate Primary School – Home|url=https://www.sherburnhungate.net/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=www.sherburnhungate.net}}</ref> and Athelstan Primary School.<ref>{{cite web|title=Athelstan Community Primary School – Home|url=http://www.athelstan.n-yorks.sch.uk/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=www.athelstan.n-yorks.sch.uk}}</ref> Its [[secondary school]] is [[Sherburn High School]], which is located on Garden Lane.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sherburn High School|url=https://www.sherburnhigh.co.uk/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=sherburnhigh}}</ref>

==Sport==
===Sherburn Eversley Cricket Club===
Sherburn Eversley Cricket Club was formed in the 20th century and play at Eversley Park in Sherburn-in-Elmet. The club has two teams that play on a Saturday afternoons in the Leeds & Wetherby Cricket League; with the firsts gaining promotion and playing in the Second division in 2016 and the second team playing in Division Five. The club also has a Thursday evening team.

===Fishing===
The Bacon Factory Pond is a local [[recreational fishing|recreational fishery]] located on the eastern side of the village. With a total of 40 [[Peg (fishing)|pegs]] the fishery is controlled by the Wheatsheaf Angling Club. The pond is stocked with [[perch]], [[carp]], [[common roach|roach]], [[common bream|bream]], [[tench]], [[eel]]s and [[northern pike|pike]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}

===Compass Martial Arts===
Established in 2016 {{Citation needed|date=August 2020}}, Compass Martial Arts is based on Sherburn Industrial Estate in a purpose built [[Dojo]], delivering [[Karate]], [[Kickboxing]] and [[Okinawan Weaponry]] classes.<ref>{{cite web|title=Compass Martial Arts|url=http://www.compassmartialarts.co.uk/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.compassmartialarts.co.uk}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

=== Sources ===
*{{cite book |last1=Bogg |first1=Edmund |title=The old kingdom of Elmet, the land twixt Aire and Wharfe |date=1904 |publisher=John Sampson |location=York|oclc=1049966966}}


==External links==
==External links==
Line 100: Line 80:


[[Category:Sherburn in Elmet| ]]
[[Category:Sherburn in Elmet| ]]
[[Category:Villages in North Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Towns in North Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Civil parishes in North Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Civil parishes in North Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Selby District]]
[[Category:Selby District]]
[[Category:Elmet]]

Latest revision as of 10:46, 19 October 2024

Sherburn in Elmet
Town and Civil Parish
Sherburn town centre
Sherburn in Elmet is located in North Yorkshire
Sherburn in Elmet
Sherburn in Elmet
Location within North Yorkshire
Population6,657 (2011 census)[1]
OS grid referenceSE506337
Civil parish
  • Sherburn in Elmet[2]
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townLEEDS
Postcode districtLS25
Dialling code01977
PoliceNorth Yorkshire
FireNorth Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Yorkshire
53°47′50″N 1°13′59″W / 53.7973°N 1.2331°W / 53.7973; -1.2331

Sherburn in Elmet (pronounced /ˈʃɜːrbərnɪnˈɛlmɪt/ SHUR-bər-nin-EL-mit) is a town[2] and civil parish in the district and county of North Yorkshire, England. It is to the west of Selby and south of Tadcaster.

It was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974.[3]

It is one of three placenames associated with the post-Roman kingdom of Elmet, the others being Barwick-in-Elmet and Scholes-in-Elmet. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 6,657.[1]

History

[edit]

The name derives from Old English "scir" (bright, pure) and "burn" (bourne, stream, spring).[4] The earliest record of the name ('Scyreburnan') dates from 963.[5] Elmet refers to a little-understood post-Roman, Brittonic (non-Anglo-Saxon) kingdom in the area around what is now the Leeds conurbation, the precise boundaries of which are not known, but are thought to have been located at bodies of water, such as the Ouse, Aire and Wharfe rivers.[6]

Sherburn is situated on a low hill of Permian limestone jutting out into the valley of the River Ouse, so the name may refer to the clarity of the water on the hill compared with the muddy streams on the alluvial plain below. This limestone ridge is still an important source of clear water, for example for the brewing industry at Tadcaster six miles to the north.

The Roman road connecting Castleford with Tadcaster and York ran along this ridge, and the current Low Street/Finkle Hill north–south route through the town marks its line, but little evidence of Roman settlement has been found.[7][8]

An earthwork adjoining All Saints' Church is the site of Hall Garth, sometimes erroneously called 'Athelstan's Palace', a high-status dwelling given (along with the manor of Cawood) by King Athelstan to the Archbishops of York to mark his victory over the combined Scots/Norse forces at Brunanburh in 937. Hall Garth cannot be dated back with certainty to the Kingdom of Elmet prior to its absorption into the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria in 616/7 (see Wikipedia entry for Elmet) and may have been an Anglo-Saxon rather than a Brittonic foundation.

All Saints Church

The existing church, a Grade I listed building, contains features dating from c.1120: "C12 nave and north aisle, C13 chancel with C14 south aisle and extension to north aisle, C15 south aisle chapel, and later additions and alterations including C16 clerestory, north aisle windows and heightening of tower. East end restored in 1857 by Anthony Salvin and C19 vestry".[9] It was built on the site of an earlier Anglo-Saxon church.[10]

The town was part of the wapentake of Barkston Ash in the West Riding of Yorkshire.[11]

The Battle of Towton was fought nearby in 1461 and local legend tells that King Edward IV, who won the battle, used the church tower as a point for surveying the battle lines.[12] In fact the battle, the main action of which occurred between 3–4 miles (4.8–6.4 km) away, could not have been seen with any clarity from the church tower, which was not then as tall as it is today.[9]

During the English Civil War, the town was garrisoned by the Royalists for King Charles I; it was close to their stronghold at Selby and the northern capital of York, and commanded the approaches from both the south and the west. In 1645, the Parliamentarians attacked Sherburn and defeated the garrison. On 15 October 1645 the Battle of Sherburn-in-Elmet took place. A Royalist force commanded by Lord Digby and Sir Marmaduke Langdale attacked and initially defeated the Parliamentarian garrison now based in the town. However, another Parliamentarian force, under Colonel Copley, counterattacked and routed the Royalists. Thus was defeated the last significant Royalist force in the North during the First English Civil War.[13][14]

Notable residents

[edit]

Ernest Popplewell, Baron Popplewell, CBE (10 December 1899 – 11 August 1977). Ernest was conferred the dignity of a Barony of the United Kingdom for life, by the name, style and title of Baron Popplewell, of Sherburn-in-Elmet in the West Riding of the County of York.[15]

Transport

[edit]
Sherburn-in-Elmet railway station

The village is served by Sherburn-in-Elmet railway station with services to York railway station, Hull Paragon Interchange and Sheffield railway station, with a second station (South Milford railway station) in nearby South Milford providing services to Leeds and Hull. Arriva Yorkshire buses go to Leeds, Tadcaster and Selby.

Media

[edit]

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC Yorkshire and ITV Yorkshire. Television signals are received from the Emley Moor TV transmitter.[16] Local radio stations are BBC Radio York on 103.7 FM, Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire (formerly Minister FM) on 104.7 FM, YO1 Radio on 90.0 FM, Heart Yorkshire on 106.2 FM and Capital Yorkshire on 105.1 FM. [17] The town is served by the local newspapers, The York Press and Wetherby News.[18]

Education

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Sherburn in Elmet has two primary Schools and one secondary school.[19] Its primary schools are Sherburn Hungate Primary School[20] and Athelstan Primary School.[21] Its secondary school is Sherburn High School, which is located on Garden Lane.[22]

References

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  1. ^ a b UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Sherburn in Elmet Parish (E04007766)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Home – Sherburn in Elmet Town Council". www.sherburninelmet-tc.gov.uk. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  3. ^ "History of Sherburn in Elmet, in Selby and West Riding | Map and description". www.visionofbritain.org.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  4. ^ Moorman, F. W. (1910). Place-Names of the West Riding of Yorkshire. Thoresby Society. p. 169. OCLC 187202578.
  5. ^ Ekwall, Eilert (1960). The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names (4 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 416. ISBN 0-19-869103-3.
  6. ^ Bogg 1904, p. 25.
  7. ^ Bogg 1904, p. 19.
  8. ^ "Sherburn in Elmet village design statement" (PDF). northyorks.gov.uk. December 2009. p. 4. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  9. ^ a b Historic England. "Church of All Saints (1148444)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  10. ^ Historic England. "Site of 'King Athelstan's Palace', immediately north of the church (1017486)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
  11. ^ "Sherburn in Elmet :: Survey of English Place-Names". epns.nottingham.ac.uk. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  12. ^ "Sherburn in Elmet village design statement" (PDF). northyorks.gov.uk. December 2009. p. 5. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  13. ^ C. Hibbert, Cavaliers and Roundheads (1993), pp.237–238; V. Wedgwood, The King's War (1983 edition), p.504
  14. ^ Historic England. "Battle of Sherburn in Elmet (1121106)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 30 January 2014.
  15. ^ "No. 44014". The London Gazette. 7 June 1966. p. 6598.
  16. ^ "Emley Moor (Kirklees, England) Full Freeview transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  17. ^ "Yorkshire Radio Stations". 12 July 2018. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  18. ^ "Wetherby News". British Papers. 14 July 2013. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  19. ^ "Schools". Sherburn-in-Elmet. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  20. ^ "Sherburn Hungate Primary School – Home". www.sherburnhungate.net. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  21. ^ "Athelstan Community Primary School – Home". www.athelstan.n-yorks.sch.uk. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  22. ^ "Sherburn High School". sherburnhigh. Retrieved 18 August 2020.

Sources

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  • Bogg, Edmund (1904). The old kingdom of Elmet, the land twixt Aire and Wharfe. York: John Sampson. OCLC 1049966966.
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