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| conflict = Battle of San Fernando
| conflict = Battle of San Fernando
| partof = [[United States occupation of Nicaragua]], [[Banana Wars]]
| partof = [[United States occupation of Nicaragua]], [[Banana Wars]]
| date = July 25, 1927
| image ={{Location map many|Nicaragua
|width = 300
|float = left
|label = San Fernando
|pos = right
|marksize = 8
|lat_deg = 13.683333
|lon_deg = -86.316667
}}
| caption =
| date = 25 July 1927
| place = [[San Fernando, Nueva Segovia|San Fernando]], [[Nicaragua]]
| place = [[San Fernando, Nueva Segovia|San Fernando]], [[Nicaragua]]
| result = American/[[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan government]] victory
| result = American-Nicaraguan victory
| combatant1 = {{flag|United States|1912}}<br>[[File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px]] [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan government]]
| combatant1 = {{flag|United States|1912}}<br>[[File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px]] [[Nicaragua]]
| combatant2 = [[File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px]] [[Augusto César Sandino|Sandinistas]]
| combatant2 = [[File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px]] [[Augusto César Sandino|Sandinistas]]
| commander1 = [[Oliver Floyd]]
| commander1 = {{flagicon|United States|1927}} Maj. [[Oliver Floyd]]
| commander2 = [[File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px]] [[Augusto César Sandino]]
| commander2 = [[File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px]] [[Augusto César Sandino]]
| strength1 = 78 [[United States Marine Corps|American Marines]] and 37 [[National Guard (Nicaragua)|Nicaraguan Provisional Guardsmen]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Macaulay|first=Neill|title=The Sandino Affair|date=February 1998|publisher=Quadrangle Books|location=Chicago|page=85}}</ref>
| strength1 = 78 marines<br>37 national guard<ref name="Macaulay 85">{{cite book|last=Macaulay|first=Neill|title=The Sandino Affair|date=February 1998|publisher=Quadrangle Books|location=Chicago|page=85}}</ref>
| strength2 = ~40<ref>{{cite book|last=Macaulay|first=Neill|title=The Sandino Affair|date=February 1998|publisher=Quadrangle Books|location=Chicago|page=85}}</ref>
| strength2 = 40 guerrillas<ref name="Macaulay 85"/>
| casualties1 = 1 killed <small>(died of wounds)</small><ref name="Macaulay 85"/>
| casualties1 = One fatally wounded<ref>{{cite book|last=Macaulay|first=Neill|title=The Sandino Affair|date=February 1998|publisher=Quadrangle Books|location=Chicago|page=85}}</ref>
| casualties2 = At least 11 killed<ref>{{cite book|last=Macaulay|first=Neill|title=The Sandino Affair|date=February 1998|publisher=Quadrangle Books|location=Chicago|page=85}}</ref>
| casualties2 = 11+ killed<ref name="Macaulay 85"/>
| casualties3 = One female civilian wounded<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nueva Segovia Expedition & the Invasion of the Northeastern Segovias|url=http://www.sandinorebellion.com/PCDocs/1927/PC270812-Floyd.html|publisher=The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934|accessdate=17 April 2014}}</ref>
| casualties3 = 1 woman wounded<ref name="The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934">{{cite web|title=The Nueva Segovia Expedition & the Invasion of the Northeastern Segovias|url=http://www.sandinorebellion.com/PCDocs/1927/PC270812-Floyd.html|publisher=The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934|accessdate=17 April 2014}}</ref>
| campaignbox = {{United States occupation of Nicaragua}}
| campaignbox = {{United States occupation of Nicaragua}}
}}
}}


The '''Battle of San Fernando''' took place on July 25, 1927 during the [[United States occupation of Nicaragua|American occupation of Nicaragua]] of 1926–1933. Shortly after the [[Battle of Ocotal]], an expedition of seventy-eight [[United States Marine Corps|American Marines]] and thirty-seven [[National Guard (Nicaragua)|Nicaraguan Provisional Guardsmen]] led by [[Oliver Floyd|Major Oliver Floyd]] were sent hunting for rebel leader [[Augusto César Sandino]]. One of their destinations was the town of [[San Fernando, Nueva Segovia|San Fernando]], where Sandino had about forty men waiting for the Marines and their [[Nicaragua]]n allies. He placed a sentry outside the village to alert his men of the Marines and Provisional Guard's arrival, but the watchman abandoned his post to be alone with an [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indian]] girl in a nearby shack. The Marines and Nicaraguan government troops marched into San Fernando at 3:00, finding it largely deserted. While galloping across the town's "open, grassy plaza" in order to question an old man, Captain Victor F. Bleasdale and Marine [[Rafel Toro|Private Rafael Toro]] received fire from the waiting Sandinistas, with Toro being mortally wounded. Eventually, the Sandinistas were driven back, leaving eleven of their dead behind.<ref>{{cite book|last=Macaulay|first=Neill|title=The Sandino Affair|date=February 1998|publisher=Quadrangle Books|location=Chicago|page=85}}</ref> Fighting was over by 3:45. In addition to Marine and Sandinista losses, one woman was wounded in the legs by fire from an [[Automatic firearm|automatic weapon]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nueva Segovia Expedition & the Invasion of the Northeastern Segovias|url=http://www.sandinorebellion.com/PCDocs/1927/PC270812-Floyd.html|publisher=The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934|accessdate=17 April 2014}}</ref>
The '''Battle of San Fernando''' took place on July 25, 1927, during the [[United States occupation of Nicaragua|American occupation of Nicaragua]] of 1926–1933. Shortly after the [[Battle of Ocotal]], an expedition of seventy-eight [[United States Marine Corps|American Marines]] and thirty-seven [[National Guard (Nicaragua)|Nicaraguan Provisional Guardsmen]] led by Major Oliver Floyd were sent hunting for rebel leader [[Augusto César Sandino]]. One of their destinations was the town of [[San Fernando, Nueva Segovia|San Fernando]], where Sandino had about forty men waiting for the Marines and their [[Nicaragua]]n allies. He placed a sentry outside the village to alert his men of the Marines and Provisional Guard's arrival, but the watchman abandoned his post to be alone with an [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indian]] girl in a nearby shack.<ref name=Musicant>Musicant, I, The Banana Wars, 1990, New York: MacMillan Publishing Co., {{ISBN|0025882104}}</ref>{{rp|315–316}} The Marines and Nicaraguan government troops marched into San Fernando at 3:00, finding it largely deserted. While galloping across the town's "open, grassy plaza" in order to question an old man, [[Victor Bleasdale|Captain Victor F. Bleasdale]] and Marine Private Rafael Toro received fire from the waiting Sandinistas, with Toro being mortally wounded. Eventually, the Sandinistas were driven back, leaving eleven of their dead behind.<ref name="Macaulay 85"/> Fighting was over by 3:45. In addition to Marine and Sandinista losses, one woman was wounded in the legs by fire from an [[Automatic firearm|automatic weapon]].<ref name="The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934"/>


The battle convinced Major Floyd that he would “have to wage a real blood and thunder campaign” and be involved “in a real small war.”<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nueva Segovia Expedition & the Invasion of the Northeastern Segovias|url=http://www.sandinorebellion.com/PCDocs/1927/PC270812-Floyd.html|publisher=The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934|accessdate=17 April 2014}}</ref>
The battle convinced Major Floyd that he would “have to wage a real blood and thunder campaign” and be involved “in a real small war.”<ref name="The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934"/>

Major Floyd's Marine and Provisional Guard expedition would continue their advance into northern Nicaragua and be ambushed again by Sandinistas at the [[Battle of Santa Clara (1927)|Battle of Santa Clara]] on July 27, 1927.


==American casualties==
==American casualties==
Fatally wounded:
Fatally wounded:
*[[Rafel Toro|Private Rafael Toro]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category:History of Nicaragua]]
{{coord missing|Nicaragua}}

[[Category:Banana Wars|San Fernando]]
[[Category:Banana Wars|San Fernando]]
[[Category:20th-century military history of the United States|San Fernando]]
[[Category:20th-century military history of the United States|San Fernando]]
[[Category:Battles and operations of the United States occupation of Nicaragua|San Fernando]]
[[Category:Battles and operations of the United States occupation of Nicaragua|San Fernando]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1927]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1927|San Fernando]]
[[Category:1927 in Nicaragua]]
[[Category:1927 in Nicaragua]]
[[Category:July 1927 events]]

Latest revision as of 16:33, 19 October 2024

Battle of San Fernando
Part of United States occupation of Nicaragua, Banana Wars
Battle of San Fernando is located in Nicaragua
San Fernando
San Fernando
Battle of San Fernando (Nicaragua)
Date25 July 1927
Location
San Fernando, Nicaragua
Result American-Nicaraguan victory
Belligerents
 United States
Nicaragua		 Sandinistas
Commanders and leaders
United States Maj. Oliver Floyd Augusto César Sandino
Strength
78 marines
37 national guard[1]		 40 guerrillas[1]
Casualties and losses
1 killed (died of wounds)[1] 11+ killed[1]
1 woman wounded[2]

The Battle of San Fernando took place on July 25, 1927, during the American occupation of Nicaragua of 1926–1933. Shortly after the Battle of Ocotal, an expedition of seventy-eight American Marines and thirty-seven Nicaraguan Provisional Guardsmen led by Major Oliver Floyd were sent hunting for rebel leader Augusto César Sandino. One of their destinations was the town of San Fernando, where Sandino had about forty men waiting for the Marines and their Nicaraguan allies. He placed a sentry outside the village to alert his men of the Marines and Provisional Guard's arrival, but the watchman abandoned his post to be alone with an Indian girl in a nearby shack.[3]: 315–316  The Marines and Nicaraguan government troops marched into San Fernando at 3:00, finding it largely deserted. While galloping across the town's "open, grassy plaza" in order to question an old man, Captain Victor F. Bleasdale and Marine Private Rafael Toro received fire from the waiting Sandinistas, with Toro being mortally wounded. Eventually, the Sandinistas were driven back, leaving eleven of their dead behind.[1] Fighting was over by 3:45. In addition to Marine and Sandinista losses, one woman was wounded in the legs by fire from an automatic weapon.[2]

The battle convinced Major Floyd that he would “have to wage a real blood and thunder campaign” and be involved “in a real small war.”[2]

Major Floyd's Marine and Provisional Guard expedition would continue their advance into northern Nicaragua and be ambushed again by Sandinistas at the Battle of Santa Clara on July 27, 1927.

American casualties

[edit]

Fatally wounded:

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 85.
  2. ^ a b c "The Nueva Segovia Expedition & the Invasion of the Northeastern Segovias". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 17 April 2014.
  3. ^ Musicant, I, The Banana Wars, 1990, New York: MacMillan Publishing Co., ISBN 0025882104

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