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{{short description|Family of spacecraft buses}}
⚫
[[Image:OptusD1 SatelliteOnly.jpg|thumb|Artist impression of [[Optus fleet of satellites#Optus D1|Optus D1]], built on the Orbital STAR Bus platform|200px|right]]
{{only primary sources|date=October 2024}}
'''STAR Bus''' is a [[Satellite bus|satellite platform]] manufactured by [[Orbital Sciences Corporation]] with an [[apogee kick motor]] to place a [[communications satellite]] into [[geostationary orbit]], a thruster to provide the satellite with [[orbital station-keeping]] for a 15 year mission, and [[Solar panels on spacecraft|solar array]]s to provide the satellite payload with 5 kW{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}} of electrical power.
{{distinguish|Tata Starbus}}
⚫
[[File:OptusD1 SatelliteOnly.jpg|thumb|Artist impression of [[Optus fleet of satellites#Optus D1|Optus D1]], built on the Orbital Star Bus platform|200px|right]]
'''Star Bus''' is a [[satellite bus]] family of [[Orbital ATK]]. It was originally developed by Thomas van der Heyden, co-founder of CTAI, and later sold to and manufactured by [[Orbital Sciences Corporation]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2016}}

The Star Bus satellite platform is designed for various applications, including communications, [[remote sensing]], and scientific missions. The highly configurable platform allows customization to meet specific mission requirements. In addition, it can support a wide range of payloads, including high-resolution imaging systems, microwave sensors, and advanced communication systems.

The Star Bus platform is designed with a modular architecture, allowing for easy integration of various subsystems and payloads. The bus provides power, communications, and data handling capabilities, while the loads provide mission-specific capabilities. The platform is designed to be highly reliable and has been used in various missions, including the Hubble Space Telescope and NASA's New Horizons mission to Pluto.

== Evolution of the Star Bus Platform ==
Since its initial development, the Star Bus platform has undergone continuous enhancements, expanding its capabilities for increasingly complex missions. Orbital ATK, now part of Northrop Grumman after its acquisition in 2018, has further refined the platform to support geostationary communications satellites, low Earth orbit (LEO) missions, and interplanetary exploration. These advancements include improvements in power generation, thermal management, and propulsion systems, making it one of the most versatile satellite platforms in the industry. The Star Bus family has been employed in both commercial and governmental projects, including the SES and Intelsat communications constellations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Northrop Grumman-built Commercial Telecommunications Satellites Launched Successfully |url=https://news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-built-commercial-telecommunications-satellites-launched-successfully |access-date=2024-09-05 |website=Northrop Grumman Newsroom |language=en}}</ref>{{npsn|date=October 2024}}


==History==
==History==
The first satellite based on the STAR Bus platform was [[IndoStar-1]], which was launched in November 1997.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}}
The first satellite program based on the Star Bus platform, developed by Thomas van der Heyden for the Indonesian Direct Broadcast program IndoVision, was [[IndoStar-1]], which was launched in November 1997.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}}
{{Expand section|date=February 2011}}
{{Expand section|date=February 2011}}

==Variants==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
!Name
!Mission type
!Orbit
!Payload capability
!Mission life
|-
|RapidStar-1
|Military/Reconnaissance
|[[Low Earth orbit|LEO]]
|60&nbsp;kg/75W
|1–5 years
|-
|RapidStar-2
|Military/Reconnaissance
|LEO
|200&nbsp;kg/500W
|1–5 years
|-
|LEOStar-2
|Civil/Military
|LEO
|150&nbsp;kg/400W
|1–10 years
|-
|LEOStar-3<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161019095711/http://www.orbitalatk.com/space-systems/spacecraft-buses/docs/LEOStar-3Bus.pdf LEOStar-3 Bus]</ref>
|Civil/Military
|LEO
|3,000&nbsp;kg/800W
|1–10 years
|-
|GEOStar-1
|Military/Reconnaissance
|GEO
|150&nbsp;kg/200W
|5–7 years
|-
|[[GEOStar-2]]
|Communications
|GEO
|500&nbsp;kg/5.5&nbsp;kW
|15–18 years
|-
|[[GEOStar-3]]
|Communications
|GEO
|800&nbsp;kg/8.0&nbsp;kW
|15–18 years
|-
|MicroStar-1
|Constellation
|LEO
|15&nbsp;kg/360W
|1–3 years
|-
|ESPAStar-1
|Military/Reconnaissance
|LEO or GEO
|250&nbsp;kg/500W
|1–5 years
|-
|ESPAStar-2
|Military/Reconnaissance
|LEO or GEO
|1,080&nbsp;kg/1.2&nbsp;kW
|1–5 years
|-
| colspan="8" |'''References:''' <ref>{{cite web|title=Spacecraft Busses|url=http://www.orbitalatk.com/space-systems/spacecraft-buses/default.aspx|website=OrbitalATK|accessdate=27 March 2016|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160906171929/http://www.orbitalatk.com/space-systems/spacecraft-buses/default.aspx|archivedate=6 September 2016}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
* [[GEOStar-2]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web | url = http://www.orbital.com/SatellitesSpace/Communications/index.shtml | title = Commercial GEO Satellites | publisher = Orbital Sciences}}
* {{cite web | url = http://www.orbital.com/SatellitesSpace/Communications/index.shtml | title = Commercial GEO Satellites | publisher = Orbital Sciences}}
Line 12: Line 100:
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


[[Category:Satellite buses]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Star Bus}}
[[Category:Satellite platforms]]
[[Category:Orbital Sciences Corporation]]



{{US-spacecraft-stub}}
{{US-spacecraft-stub}}

[[de:STAR Bus]]
[[uk:STAR Bus]]

Latest revision as of 16:40, 19 October 2024

Not to be confused with Tata Starbus.
Artist impression of Optus D1, built on the Orbital Star Bus platform

Star Bus is a satellite bus family of Orbital ATK. It was originally developed by Thomas van der Heyden, co-founder of CTAI, and later sold to and manufactured by Orbital Sciences Corporation.[citation needed]

The Star Bus satellite platform is designed for various applications, including communications, remote sensing, and scientific missions. The highly configurable platform allows customization to meet specific mission requirements. In addition, it can support a wide range of payloads, including high-resolution imaging systems, microwave sensors, and advanced communication systems.

The Star Bus platform is designed with a modular architecture, allowing for easy integration of various subsystems and payloads. The bus provides power, communications, and data handling capabilities, while the loads provide mission-specific capabilities. The platform is designed to be highly reliable and has been used in various missions, including the Hubble Space Telescope and NASA's New Horizons mission to Pluto.

Evolution of the Star Bus Platform

[edit]

Since its initial development, the Star Bus platform has undergone continuous enhancements, expanding its capabilities for increasingly complex missions. Orbital ATK, now part of Northrop Grumman after its acquisition in 2018, has further refined the platform to support geostationary communications satellites, low Earth orbit (LEO) missions, and interplanetary exploration. These advancements include improvements in power generation, thermal management, and propulsion systems, making it one of the most versatile satellite platforms in the industry. The Star Bus family has been employed in both commercial and governmental projects, including the SES and Intelsat communications constellations.[1][non-primary source needed]

History

[edit]

The first satellite program based on the Star Bus platform, developed by Thomas van der Heyden for the Indonesian Direct Broadcast program IndoVision, was IndoStar-1, which was launched in November 1997.[citation needed]

Variants

[edit]
Name Mission type Orbit Payload capability Mission life
RapidStar-1 Military/Reconnaissance LEO 60 kg/75W 1–5 years
RapidStar-2 Military/Reconnaissance LEO 200 kg/500W 1–5 years
LEOStar-2 Civil/Military LEO 150 kg/400W 1–10 years
LEOStar-3[2] Civil/Military LEO 3,000 kg/800W 1–10 years
GEOStar-1 Military/Reconnaissance GEO 150 kg/200W 5–7 years
GEOStar-2 Communications GEO 500 kg/5.5 kW 15–18 years
GEOStar-3 Communications GEO 800 kg/8.0 kW 15–18 years
MicroStar-1 Constellation LEO 15 kg/360W 1–3 years
ESPAStar-1 Military/Reconnaissance LEO or GEO 250 kg/500W 1–5 years
ESPAStar-2 Military/Reconnaissance LEO or GEO 1,080 kg/1.2 kW 1–5 years
References: [3]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Northrop Grumman-built Commercial Telecommunications Satellites Launched Successfully". Northrop Grumman Newsroom. Retrieved 2024-09-05.
  2. ^ LEOStar-3 Bus
  3. ^ "Spacecraft Busses". OrbitalATK. Archived from the original on 6 September 2016. Retrieved 27 March 2016.

Further reading

[edit]
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