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{{Short description|Former national anthem of Georgia (1918–1921, 1990–2004)}}
{{Short description|Former national anthem of Georgia (1918–1921; 1990–2004)}}
{{Infobox anthem
{{Infobox anthem
|title = დიდება
|title = დიდება
|transcription = Dideba
|transcription = Dideba
|english_title = Praise
|english_title = Glory
|image = Dideba sheet music - 1918.pdf
|image = Dideba.gif
|image_size =
|image_size =
|caption = 1918 sheet music of "Dideba"
|caption = Sheet music of "{{Lang|ka-latn|Dideba|italic=no}}"
|prefix = Former national
|prefix = Former national
|country = {{Flag|Georgia|1990}}
|country = Georgia
----
----
Former regional anthem of the {{Nowrap|{{Flag|Georgian SSR|1990}}}}
Former anthem of the Georgian SSR
|composer = Kote Potskhverashvili
|composer = Kote Potskhverashvili
|author = {{ill|Kote Potskhverashvili|ka|კონსტანტინე ფოცხვერაშვილი}}
|author = {{ill|Kote Potskhverashvili|ka|კონსტანტინე ფოცხვერაშვილი}}
|adopted = 1918 ([[Democratic Republic of Georgia|DR Georgia]])
|adopted = 1918 ([[Democratic Republic of Georgia|DR Georgia]])
|readopted={{Start date|1990|11|df=yes}} ([[Georgian SSR]])<br>1991 ([[Georgia (country)|Georgia]])
|readopted={{Start date|1990|11|df=yes}} ([[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Georgian SSR]])<br>1991 ([[Georgia (country)|Georgia]])
|until = 1921 (DR Georgia)<br>1991 (Georgian SSR)<br>{{end date|2004|05|20|df=yes}} (Georgia)
|until = 1921 (DR Georgia)<br>1991 (Georgian SSR)<br>{{end date|2004|05|20|df=yes}} (Georgia)
|predecessor=
|predecessor=
|successor="[[Tavisupleba]]"
|successor="[[Tavisupleba]]"
|sound = Former Georgian national anthem, 1990–2004.oga
|sound = Former Georgian national anthem, 1990–2004.oga
|sound_title = "Dideba" (instrumental)
|sound_title = Instrumental rendition in [[A-flat major]]}}
}}
{{National anthems of Georgia}}
{{National anthems of Georgia}}
"'''Dideba'''" ({{lang-ka|დიდება}}, {{Lang-en|"Glory"}}, {{Literal translation|"Praise"}}) was the [[national anthem]] of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X3TCKk84_CYC&q=dideba+|title=FBIS Report: Soviet Union. Republic affairs|date=25 November 1991|publisher=The Service|via=Google Books}}</ref> from November 1990<ref name=StephenJones>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hcMZCAAAQBAJ&pg=PR19|title=Georgia: A Political History Since Independence|first=Stephen|author-link=Stephen F. Jones|page=xxi|last=Jones|date=2013|publisher=I.B. Tauris|isbn=9781784530853|via=Google Books|access-date=12 January 2019}}</ref> to May 2004. It was previously the national anthem of [[Democratic Republic of Georgia|Georgia]] from 1918 to 1921.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JNNQCgAAQBAJ&q=dideba+anthem+georgian&pg=PA128|title=Historical Dictionary of Georgia|first=Alexander|last=Mikaberidze|date=6 February 2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9781442241466|via=Google Books}}</ref>
"'''{{Lang|ka-latn|Dideba|italic=no}}'''" ({{lang-ka|დიდება}}, {{IPA|ka|d̥ide̞bä|pron}}; {{lit|Glory}}) was the [[national anthem]] of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X3TCKk84_CYC&q=dideba+|title=FBIS Report: Soviet Union. Republic affairs|date=25 November 1991|publisher=The Service|via=Google Books}}</ref> from November 1990<ref name=StephenJones>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hcMZCAAAQBAJ&pg=PR19|title=Georgia: A Political History Since Independence|first=Stephen|author-link=Stephen F. Jones|page=xxi|last=Jones|date=2013|publisher=I.B. Tauris|isbn=9781784530853|via=Google Books|access-date=12 January 2019}}</ref> to May 2004. It was previously the national anthem of [[Democratic Republic of Georgia|Georgia]] from 1918 to 1921.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JNNQCgAAQBAJ&q=dideba+anthem+georgian&pg=PA128|title=Historical Dictionary of Georgia|first=Alexander|last=Mikaberidze|date=6 February 2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9781442241466|via=Google Books}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
Line 29: Line 28:


===Background===
===Background===
"Dideba" was written and composed by {{ill|Kote Potskhverashvili|ka|კონსტანტინე ფოცხვერაშვილი}} and was adopted by the "[[Mensheviks|Menshevik]]"-led [[Democratic Republic of Georgia|Georgian]] government as the country's national anthem in 1918 after it became free from [[Transcaucasian Commissariat|Russian rule]]. However, "Dideba"'s usage in this manner was to be short-lived. It would only be used for a few years, until Georgia was [[Red Army invasion of Georgia|invaded]], occupied, and forcibly annexed by [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russia]] in 1921 and came under [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Soviet rule]] from 1922 onward.
"Dideba" was written and composed by {{ill|Kote Potskhverashvili|ka|კონსტანტინე ფოცხვერაშვილი}} and was adopted by the "[[Mensheviks|Menshevik]]"-led [[Democratic Republic of Georgia|Georgian]] government as the country's national anthem in 1918 after it became free from [[Transcaucasian Commissariat|Russian rule]]. However, "Dideba" was only be used for a few years, until Georgia came under [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Soviet rule]] from 1922 onward.


===Readoption===
===Readoption===
After Georgia became free of [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] rule in the early 1990s, "Dideba" was readopted as the Georgian national anthem, though at the time of its re-adoption it was barely known by most Georgians<ref name=StephenJones/> as it had been almost seven decades since it was last used as the country's national anthem.
Following the [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|collapse of the Soviet Union]] in 1991, "Dideba" was readopted as the Georgian national anthem, though at the time of its re-adoption it was barely known by most Georgians<ref name=StephenJones/> as it had been almost seven decades since it was last used as the country's national anthem.


===Replacement===
===Replacement===
"Dideba" was used as the Georgian national anthem from November 1990<ref name=StephenJones/> until 20 May 2004, when it was replaced by the current Georgian national anthem "[[Tavisupleba]]" following the 2003 [[Rose Revolution]].<ref name=nationalanthems.info>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/ge-04.htm|access-date=12 January 2019|title=Georgia: 1918-1920, 1991-2004|date=2018|publisher=Nationalanthems.info|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112183709/http://www.nationalanthems.info/ge-04.htm|archive-date=2019-01-12}}</ref> Though the replacement of "Dideba" in 2004 came after a change in government, preliminary efforts to replace "Dideba" reportedly predated said reforms.<ref name=nationalanthems.info/>
"Dideba" was used as the Georgian national anthem from November 1990<ref name=StephenJones/> until 20 May 2004, when it was replaced by the current Georgian national anthem "[[Tavisupleba]]" following the 2003 [[Rose Revolution]].<ref name=nationalanthems.info>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/ge-04.htm|access-date=12 January 2019|title=Georgia: 1918-1920, 1991-2004|date=2018|publisher=Nationalanthems.info|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112183709/http://www.nationalanthems.info/ge-04.htm|archive-date=2019-01-12}}</ref> Though the replacement of "Dideba" came after a change in government, efforts to replace the song reportedly predated said reforms.<ref name=nationalanthems.info/>


== Lyrics ==
== Lyrics ==
=== Georgian original ===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
{|class="wikitable"
! style="background-color:#000000;color:#FFFFFF;" | Georgian lyrics
! [[Georgian script]]
! style="background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;" | Transliteration
! [[Romanization of Georgian|Latin script]]
! style="background-color:#9A0000;color:#FFFFFF;" | IPA transcription
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA transcription]]{{efn|See [[Help:IPA/Georgian]] and [[Georgian phonology]].}}
! style="background-color:#9A0000;color:#FFFFFF;" | English translation
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|-
|<poem>დიდება ზეცით კურთხეულს,
|<poem>დიდება ზეცით კურთხეულს,
დიდება ქვეყნად სამოთხეს,
დიდება ქვეყნად სამოთხეს,
Line 58: Line 57:
სალამი ჭეშმარიტების
სალამი ჭეშმარიტების
შუქ-განთიადსა!</poem>
შუქ-განთიადსა!</poem>
|<poem>''Dideba zecit k’urtxeuls''
|<poem>Dideba zecit k’urtkheuls
''Dideba kveq’nad samotxes,''
Dideba kveq’nad samotkhes,
''T’urpa Iversa.''
T’urpa Iversa.
''Dideba dzmobas, ertobas,''
Dideba dzmobas, ertobas,
''Dideba tavisuplebas,''
Dideba tavisuplebas,
''Dideba samaradiso''
Dideba samaradiso
''Kartvel mxne ersa!''
Kartvel mkhne ersa!
''Dideba čvensa samšoblos,''
Dideba chvensa samshoblos,
''Dideba čveni sicocxlis''
Dideba chveni sicockhlis
''Mizans diadsa;''
Mizans diadsa;
''Vaša t’rpobasa, siq’varuls''
Vasha t’rpobasa, siq’varuls
Vasha shvebasa, sikharuls,
''Vaša švebasa, sixaruls,''
''Salami č’ešmarit’ebis,''
Salami ch’eshmarit’ebis,
''Šuk-gantiadsa!''</poem>
Shuk-gantiadsa!</poem>
|<poem>{{IPA|wrap=none|[d̥i.de̞.bä ze̞.t͡sʰitʰ kʼuɾ.tʰχe̞.uɫs]
|<poem>didɛba zɛt͡sʰitʰ kʼurtʰxɛuls
[d̥i.de̞.bä kʰʷe̞.q(χ)ʼnätʰ sä.mo̞.tʰχe̞s]
didɛba kʰwɛqʼnad samɔtʰxɛs,
[tʼuɾ.pʰä i.βe̞ɾ.sä]
tʼurpʰa iwɛrsa.
[d̥i.de̞.bä d͡zmo̞.bäs e̞ɾ.tʰo̞.bäs]
didɛba d͡zmɔbas, ɛrtʰɔbas,
[d̥i.de̞.bä tʰä.βi.su.pʰle̞.bäs]
didɛba tʰawisupʰlɛbas,
[d̥i.de̞.bä sä.mä.ɾä.di.so̞]
didɛba samaradisɔ
[kʰäɾ.tʰʷe̞l‿mχne̞‿e̞ɾ.sä]
kʰartʰwɛl mxne ɛrsa
[d̥i.de̞.bä (t͡)ʃʰʷe̞n.sä säm.ʃo̞.bɫo̞s]
didɛba t͡ʃʰwɛnsa samʃɔblɔs,
[d̥i.de̞.bä (t͡)ʃʰʷe̞.ni si.t͡sʰo̞.t͡sʰχlis]
didɛba t͡ʃʰwɛni sit͡sʰɔt͡sʰxlis
[mi.zäns d̥i.ätʰ.sä]
mizans diadsa;
[βä.ʃä tʼɾ̩pʰo̞.bä.sä si.q(χ)ʼʷä.ɾuɫs]
waʃa tʼrpʰɔbasa, siqʼwaruls
[βä.ʃä ʃʷe̞.bä.sä si.χä.ɾuɫs]
waʃa ʃwɛbasa, sixaruls,
[sä.ɫä.mi (t͡)ʃʼe̞ʃ.mä.ɾi.tʼe̞.bis]
salami t͡ʃʼɛʃmaritʼɛbis,
ʃukʰ gantʰiadsa</poem>
[ʃukʰ g̊än.tʰi.ätʰ.sä ‖]}}</poem>
⚫
|<poem>Praise be to the heavenly Bestower of Blessings,
⚫
Praise be to paradise on earth,
⚫
To the radiant [[Kingdom of Iberia|Iberia]],
⚫
Praise be to brotherhood and to unity,
⚫
Praise be to liberty,
⚫
Praise be to the everlasting,
⚫
lively Georgian people!
⚫
Praise be to our fatherland,
⚫
Praise be to the great and bright aim of our lives;
⚫
Hail, O joy and love,
⚫
Hail helpfulness and happiness,
⚫
Greetings to the truth, that light of dawn!</poem>
|}
|}

=== English translation ===
⚫
:Praise be to heavenly Bestower of Blessings,
⚫
:Praise be to paradise on earth,
⚫
:To the radiant [[Kingdom of Iberia|Iberia]],
⚫
:Praise be to fraternity and unity,
⚫
:Praise be to liberty,
⚫
:Praise be to the everlasting,
⚫
:Lively Georgian people!
⚫
:Praise be to our fatherland,
:Praise be to the great
⚫
:And bright aim of our lives;
⚫
:Hail, O joy and love,
⚫
:Hail the helpfulness and happiness,
⚫
:Greetings to the truth,
:The light of dawn!

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
Line 111: Line 117:
{{Anthems of the Soviet Republics}}
{{Anthems of the Soviet Republics}}
{{National Anthems of Asia}}
{{National Anthems of Asia}}
{{National Anthems of Europe}}
{{Former anthems of Europe}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:Music of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Music of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Songs of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Songs of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Compositions in A-flat major]]

Latest revision as of 18:27, 19 October 2024

Dideba
English: Glory
დიდება
Sheet music of "Dideba"
Former national anthem of Georgia
Former anthem of the Georgian SSR
LyricsKote Potskhverashvili [ka]
MusicKote Potskhverashvili
Adopted1918 (DR Georgia)
ReadoptedNovember 1990 (1990-11) (Georgian SSR)
1991 (Georgia)
Relinquished1921 (DR Georgia)
1991 (Georgian SSR)
20 May 2004 (2004-05-20) (Georgia)
Succeeded by"Tavisupleba"
Audio sample
Instrumental rendition in A-flat major
National anthems of Georgia
Democratic Republic of Georgia "Dideba"1918–1922
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic "The Internationale"1922–1946
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic "Anthem of the Georgian SSR"1946–1990
Georgia (country) "Dideba" 1990–2004
 "Tavisupleba" 2004–present

"Dideba" (Georgian: დიდება, pronounced [d̥ide̞bä]; lit. 'Glory') was the national anthem of Georgia[1] from November 1990[2] to May 2004. It was previously the national anthem of Georgia from 1918 to 1921.[3]

History

[edit]
1993 Georgian performance
1999 Georgian performance

Background

[edit]

"Dideba" was written and composed by Kote Potskhverashvili [ka] and was adopted by the "Menshevik"-led Georgian government as the country's national anthem in 1918 after it became free from Russian rule. However, "Dideba" was only be used for a few years, until Georgia came under Soviet rule from 1922 onward.

Readoption

[edit]

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, "Dideba" was readopted as the Georgian national anthem, though at the time of its re-adoption it was barely known by most Georgians[2] as it had been almost seven decades since it was last used as the country's national anthem.

Replacement

[edit]

"Dideba" was used as the Georgian national anthem from November 1990[2] until 20 May 2004, when it was replaced by the current Georgian national anthem "Tavisupleba" following the 2003 Rose Revolution.[4] Though the replacement of "Dideba" came after a change in government, efforts to replace the song reportedly predated said reforms.[4]

Lyrics

[edit]

Georgian original

[edit]
Georgian script Latin script IPA transcription[a]

დიდება ზეცით კურთხეულს,
დიდება ქვეყნად სამოთხეს,
ტურფა ივერსა,
დიდება ძმობას, ერთობას,
დიდება თავისუფლებას,
დიდება სამარადისო
ქართველ მხნე ერსა!
დიდება ჩვენსა სამშობლოს,
დიდება ჩვენი სიცოცხლის
მიზანს დიადსა;
ვაშა ტრფობასა, სიყვარულს,
ვაშა შვებასა, სიხარულს,
სალამი ჭეშმარიტების
შუქ-განთიადსა!

Dideba zecit k’urtkheuls
Dideba kveq’nad samotkhes,
T’urpa Iversa.
Dideba dzmobas, ertobas,
Dideba tavisuplebas,
Dideba samaradiso
Kartvel mkhne ersa!
Dideba chvensa samshoblos,
Dideba chveni sicockhlis
Mizans diadsa;
Vasha t’rpobasa, siq’varuls
Vasha shvebasa, sikharuls,
Salami ch’eshmarit’ebis,
Shuk-gantiadsa!

[d̥i.de̞.bä ze̞.t͡sʰitʰ kʼuɾ.tʰχe̞.uɫs]
[d̥i.de̞.bä kʰʷe̞.q(χ)ʼnätʰ sä.mo̞.tʰχe̞s]
[tʼuɾ.pʰä i.βe̞ɾ.sä]
[d̥i.de̞.bä d͡zmo̞.bäs e̞ɾ.tʰo̞.bäs]
[d̥i.de̞.bä tʰä.βi.su.pʰle̞.bäs]
[d̥i.de̞.bä sä.mä.ɾä.di.so̞]
[kʰäɾ.tʰʷe̞l‿mχne̞‿e̞ɾ.sä]
[d̥i.de̞.bä (t͡)ʃʰʷe̞n.sä säm.ʃo̞.bɫo̞s]
[d̥i.de̞.bä (t͡)ʃʰʷe̞.ni si.t͡sʰo̞.t͡sʰχlis]
[mi.zäns d̥i.ätʰ.sä]
[βä.ʃä tʼɾ̩pʰo̞.bä.sä si.q(χ)ʼʷä.ɾuɫs]
[βä.ʃä ʃʷe̞.bä.sä si.χä.ɾuɫs]
[sä.ɫä.mi (t͡)ʃʼe̞ʃ.mä.ɾi.tʼe̞.bis]
[ʃukʰ g̊än.tʰi.ätʰ.sä ‖]

English translation

[edit]
Praise be to heavenly Bestower of Blessings,
Praise be to paradise on earth,
To the radiant Iberia,
Praise be to fraternity and unity,
Praise be to liberty,
Praise be to the everlasting,
Lively Georgian people!
Praise be to our fatherland,
Praise be to the great
And bright aim of our lives;
Hail, O joy and love,
Hail the helpfulness and happiness,
Greetings to the truth,
The light of dawn!

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ See Help:IPA/Georgian and Georgian phonology.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "FBIS Report: Soviet Union. Republic affairs". The Service. 25 November 1991 – via Google Books.
  2. ^ a b c Jones, Stephen (2013). Georgia: A Political History Since Independence. I.B. Tauris. p. xxi. ISBN 9781784530853. Retrieved 12 January 2019 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ Mikaberidze, Alexander (6 February 2015). Historical Dictionary of Georgia. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781442241466 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ a b "Georgia: 1918-1920, 1991-2004". Nationalanthems.info. 2018. Archived from the original on 2019-01-12. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
[edit]
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