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'''Constantin Perskyi''' (Константин Дмитриевич Перский) (2 June 1854 - 5 April 1906) was a Russian scientist who is credited with coining the word [[television]] in a paper read (in French) at the [[Exposition Universelle (1900)|International World Fair]] in [[Paris]] on 25 August 1900 at the [[1st International Congress of Electricity]] which ran from 18 to 25 August. At the time, he was Professor of Electricity at the Artillery Academy of [[Saint Petersburg]]. His paper referred to the work of other experimenters in the field, including [[Nipkow]] and [[Bachmetiev]] (Порфирий Иванович Бахметьев), who were attempting to use the [[photoelectric effect|photoelectric]] properties of [[selenium]] as the basis for their inventions.
{{More citations needed|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox engineer
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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1854|6|2|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Tver Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]]
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| significant_projects = [[Television]]
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'''Constantin Dmitrievich Perskyi''' (Константин Дмитриевич Перский) (2 June 1854{{snd}}5 April 1906) was a Russian scientist who is credited with coining the word [[television]] (''télévision'') in a paper that he presented in French at the 1st International Congress of Electricity, which ran from 18 to 25 August 1900 during the [[Exposition Universelle (1900)|International World Fair]] in [[Paris]]. At the time, he was Professor of Electricity at the Artillery Academy of [[Saint Petersburg]]. His paper referred to the work of other experimenters in the field, including [[Paul Gottlieb Nipkow]] and [[Porfiry Ivanovich Bakhmetiev]], who were attempting to use the [[photoelectric effect|photoelectric]] properties of [[selenium]] as the basis for their research in the field of image transmission.


==Biography==
It is likely, considering the relative dates of various historical documents, that German experimenters first coined the word ''Fernsehen'', which the Russians then translated to ''televidenie'', and which Perskyi then translated from Russian into French as ''télévision''. This was immediately reported in ''[[The Electrician]]' magazine as English translation ''television''.{{OR|date=January 2016}}
Konstantin Perskyi was born on 2 June (21 May according to the [[Julian calendar]]), 1854 in Tver Governorate. He belonged to a noble family founded by a person who had moved out of Persia in the service of the grand prince of [[Dmitry Donskoy]].

He studied in Michalovsky Artillery College, and after graduation was a member of the squadron headed by the heir to the throne, the future tsar of Russia [[Alexander III of Russia|Alexander III]]. He took part in the Russo-Turkish War (1877—1878). In 1882 graduated from Michaylovsky Military Artillery Academy.
In 1883—1886 studied in Nikolay General Staff Academy, but was dismissed for private reasons.
His further service was in St. Petersburg as a head of an ammunition (cartridge) workshop, and then of the whole factory currently named after M.I Kalinin.
Was a professor of electric technique in Artillery Academy.

Konstantin Perskyi played an important role in social life of St. Petersburg, was a member of Russian Technical Society, and an academic secretary of the Electrotechnic Society, took part in All-Russia Electrotechnic Meetings.

Practical studies of Persky were mostly related to creation and development of gunnery (artillery) equipment.

In 1899 he presented the report «Современное состояние вопроса об электровидении на расстоянии (телевизирование)»<ref>''Перский К. Д.'' Современное состояние вопроса об электровидении на расстоянии (телевизирование) // Тр. Первого Всероссийского электротехнического съезда. СПб. 1901. V. 11. P. 346—362.</ref> at the First All-Russia Electrotechnic Congress in Saint Petersburg. Then, he presented the same report on 24 August 1900 in Paris at IV International Electrotechnic Congress that was held under auspices of Exposition Universelle, where he first used the term of television widely used afterwards. In Russia the term was used only a few years later.

On 5 April 1906, Colonel Perskyi was ranked Major-General and dismissed from service for health reasons and was awarded with pension, but died soon after.

== Awards ==

* [[Order of Saint Anna]] with the inscription "For bravery" for services in [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=105 лет назад впервые прозвучало слово |url=https://lenizdat.ru/articles/1033774/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=ЛенИздат.ru |language=ru}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[History of television]]
*[[History of television]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}


==References==
==References==
*Constantin Perskyi, "Television by means of electricity", from the International World Fair of 1900, International Congress of Electricity (Paris, 18–25 August 1900), reported under the authority of Mr. E. Hospitalier, General Reporter, Gauthier-Villars, printer and publisher, Paris, 1901. [http://books.google.com/books?id=ZwATAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA317&dq=perskyi#PRA1-PA54,M1 (French) text]
*Constantin Perskyi, "Television by means of electricity", from the International World Fair of 1900, International Congress of Electricity (Paris, 18–25 August 1900), reported under the authority of Mr. E. Hospitalier, General Reporter, Gauthier-Villars, printer and publisher, Paris, 1901. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZwATAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA317&dq=perskyi#PRA1-PA54,M1 (French) text]
*''The Electrician'', London, 21 September 1900
*''The Electrician'', London, 21 September 1900
* [http://www.tvhistory.tv/1890s%20Victorian%20Trade%20Card.htm Perskyi coins word "television" (25 August 1900)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111013061220/http://www.tvhistory.tv/1890s%20Victorian%20Trade%20Card.htm Perskyi coins word "television" (25 August 1900)]

{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
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| NAME = Perskyi
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Russian scientist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 2 June 1854
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 5 April 1906
| PLACE OF DEATH =
⚫
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Perskyi}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Perskyi}}
[[Category:Russian physicists]]
[[Category:Physicists from the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:Russian inventors]]
[[Category:Inventors from the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:Television pioneers]]
[[Category:Television pioneers]]
[[Category:1854 births]]
[[Category:1854 births]]
[[Category:1906 deaths]]
[[Category:1906 deaths]]


{{Russia-physicist-stub}}
{{tv-bio-stub}}

Latest revision as of 07:22, 20 October 2024

Constantine Perskyi
Born(1854-06-02)2 June 1854
Tver Governorate, Russian Empire
Died5 April 1906(1906-04-05) (aged 51)
CitizenshipRussian Empire
EducationMikhailovskaya military artillery Academy
OccupationEngineer
Engineering career
ProjectsTelevision

Constantin Dmitrievich Perskyi (Константин Дмитриевич Перский) (2 June 1854 – 5 April 1906) was a Russian scientist who is credited with coining the word television (télévision) in a paper that he presented in French at the 1st International Congress of Electricity, which ran from 18 to 25 August 1900 during the International World Fair in Paris. At the time, he was Professor of Electricity at the Artillery Academy of Saint Petersburg. His paper referred to the work of other experimenters in the field, including Paul Gottlieb Nipkow and Porfiry Ivanovich Bakhmetiev, who were attempting to use the photoelectric properties of selenium as the basis for their research in the field of image transmission.

Biography

[edit]

Konstantin Perskyi was born on 2 June (21 May according to the Julian calendar), 1854 in Tver Governorate. He belonged to a noble family founded by a person who had moved out of Persia in the service of the grand prince of Dmitry Donskoy.

He studied in Michalovsky Artillery College, and after graduation was a member of the squadron headed by the heir to the throne, the future tsar of Russia Alexander III. He took part in the Russo-Turkish War (1877—1878). In 1882 graduated from Michaylovsky Military Artillery Academy. In 1883—1886 studied in Nikolay General Staff Academy, but was dismissed for private reasons. His further service was in St. Petersburg as a head of an ammunition (cartridge) workshop, and then of the whole factory currently named after M.I Kalinin. Was a professor of electric technique in Artillery Academy.

Konstantin Perskyi played an important role in social life of St. Petersburg, was a member of Russian Technical Society, and an academic secretary of the Electrotechnic Society, took part in All-Russia Electrotechnic Meetings.

Practical studies of Persky were mostly related to creation and development of gunnery (artillery) equipment.

In 1899 he presented the report «Современное состояние вопроса об электровидении на расстоянии (телевизирование)»[1] at the First All-Russia Electrotechnic Congress in Saint Petersburg. Then, he presented the same report on 24 August 1900 in Paris at IV International Electrotechnic Congress that was held under auspices of Exposition Universelle, where he first used the term of television widely used afterwards. In Russia the term was used only a few years later.

On 5 April 1906, Colonel Perskyi was ranked Major-General and dismissed from service for health reasons and was awarded with pension, but died soon after.

Awards

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Перский К. Д. Современное состояние вопроса об электровидении на расстоянии (телевизирование) // Тр. Первого Всероссийского электротехнического съезда. СПб. 1901. V. 11. P. 346—362.
  2. ^ "105 лет назад впервые прозвучало слово". ЛенИздат.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 20 October 2024.

References

[edit]
  • Constantin Perskyi, "Television by means of electricity", from the International World Fair of 1900, International Congress of Electricity (Paris, 18–25 August 1900), reported under the authority of Mr. E. Hospitalier, General Reporter, Gauthier-Villars, printer and publisher, Paris, 1901. (French) text
  • The Electrician, London, 21 September 1900
  • Perskyi coins word "television" (25 August 1900)
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