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{{Short description|Italian priest and military chaplain (1887–1936)}}
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'''Reginaldo Giuliani''' ([[Turin]], 28 August 1887 – [[Uarieu Pass]], [[Ethiopia]], 21 January 1936), better known as '''Father Giuliani''', was a [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] friar, a soldier and [[Italy|Italian]] writer.
'''Reginaldo Giuliani''' ([[Turin]], 28 August 1887 – [[Warieu Pass]], [[Ethiopia]], 21 January 1936), better known as '''Father Giuliani''', was a [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] friar, a soldier and [[Italy|Italian]] writer.


== Life ==
When [[World War I]] broke out Father Giuliani enlisted in the Italian Army as Chaplain and fought in the [[Western Front (World War I)|trenches]] with the Third Army Corps ''[[Arditi]]'', the special Unit of the World War I Italian Army; for gallantry in action, he was awarded two bronze medals and a silver medal. After the war, he took part with the “Catholic Legionnaires”, in the [[Impresa di Fiume|seizure of Fiume]] under [[Gabriele d'Annunzio]], the city on the Dalmatian coast, formerly part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire that Italy felt as, “Denied” after the victory. After a turbulent period of four years Fiume was eventually annexed to Italy in 1924. He also took part in the Fascist [[March on Rome]].
When [[World War I]] broke out Father Giuliani enlisted in the Italian Army as Chaplain and fought in the [[Western Front (World War I)|trenches]] with the Third Army Corps ''[[Arditi]]'', the special Unit of the World War I Italian Army; for gallantry in action, he was awarded two [[Bronze Medal of Military Valor|bronze medals]] and a [[Silver Medal of Military Valor|silver medal]]. After the war, he took part with the "Catholic Legionnaires", in the [[Impresa di Fiume|seizure of Fiume]] under [[Gabriele d'Annunzio]], the city on the Dalmatian coast, formerly part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire that Italy felt as "Denied" after the victory. After a turbulent period of four years Fiume was eventually annexed to Italy in 1924. He also took part in the Fascist [[March on Rome]].


In 1926 Father Giuliani wrote a book about his experience in World War I entitled “The Arditi”. The book was published in Milan by Fratelli Treves Editori and included a brief History of the Third Army Corps Arditi.
In 1926 Father Giuliani wrote a book about his experience in World War I entitled "The Arditi". The book was published in Milan by [[Fratelli Treves Editori]] and included a brief History of the Third Army Corps Arditi.


In 1936 during the [[Italian invasion of Ethiopia]] he enthusiastically enlisted in the Army again, seeing this war against Ethiopia as an opportunity for a new religious crusade against heretics and infidels, and as a tool to export [[Western culture|European civilization]]. Father Giuliani was assigned to the troops under the command of General Diamanti. He fell during the battle of the Uarieu Pass (see [[First Battle of Tembien]]<!--presumabaly the same as Warieu Pass-->), while attempting to rescue wounded soldiers. In 1936, as a tribute to his sacrifice he was posthumously awarded the [[Gold Medal of Military Valor]]. The citation concludes: ‘A blow of a scimitar, brandished by a barbarian hand, cut short his terrestrial existence: ending the life of an apostle and beginning that of a martyr.’<ref>‘Un colpo di scimitarra, da barbara mano vibrato, troncava la sua terrestre esistenza, chiudendo la vita di un apostolo, dando inizio a quella di un martire.’ For the complete citation see [http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=13688 ‘GIULIANI Padre Reginaldo’], Onorificenze: Medaglia d'oro al valor militare, Presidenza della Repubblica.</ref>
In 1936 during the [[Second Italo-Ethiopian War|Italian invasion of Ethiopia]] he enthusiastically enlisted in the Army again, seeing this war against Ethiopia as an opportunity for a new religious crusade against heretics and infidels, and as a tool to export [[Western culture|European civilization]]. Father Giuliani was assigned to the troops under the command of General Diamanti. He fell during the battle of the Warieu Pass (see [[First Battle of Tembien]]), while attempting to rescue wounded soldiers. In 1936, as a tribute to his sacrifice he was posthumously awarded the [[Gold Medal of Military Valor]]. The citation concludes: "A blow of a scimitar, brandished by a barbarian hand, cut short his terrestrial existence: ending the life of an apostle and beginning that of a martyr."<ref>‘Un colpo di scimitarra, da barbara mano vibrato, troncava la sua terrestre esistenza, chiudendo la vita di un apostolo, dando inizio a quella di un martire.’ For the complete citation see [http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=13688 ‘GIULIANI Padre Reginaldo’], Onorificenze: Medaglia d'oro al valor militare, Presidenza della Repubblica.</ref>


In 1937 the book, “the Cross and Sword” with his letters and articles written during the Ethiopian campaign was published in Turin.
In 1937 the book, "the Cross and Sword" with his letters and articles written during the Ethiopian campaign was published in Turin.


== Legacy ==
In 1939 the Italian Royal Navy commissioned a submarine of the Liuzzi class with its name. After the Italian armistice on September 1943 the submarine was seized by the Japanese and given to the Germans, and commissioned into the German Navy as UIT.23. The newly UIT 23 was later sunk by the ''HMS Tally-ho.''
In 1939 the Italian Royal Navy commissioned a submarine of the ''Liuzzi'' class with its name. After the Italian armistice in September 1943 the submarine was seized by the Japanese and given to the Germans, and commissioned into the German Navy as ''UIT.23''. ''UIT 23'' was later sunk by HMS ''Tally-ho.''


[[Roberto Rossellini]]'s movie, ”The Man with the Cross” released in 1942 was loosely based on Reginaldo Giuliani's life.
[[Roberto Rossellini]]'s movie, ''[[The Man with a Cross]]'', released in 1943, was loosely based on Reginaldo Giuliani's life.


Several Italian towns have streets or squares named after Father Reginaldo Giuliani:
Several Italian towns have streets or squares named after Father Reginaldo Giuliani:
* Chieri (Turin)
* [[Chieri]] ([[Turin]])
* Aramengo (Asti)
* [[Aramengo]] ([[Province of Asti|Asti]])
* Cameri (Novara)
* [[Cameri]] ([[Novara]])
* La Spezia
* [[La Spezia]]
* Milan
* [[Milan]]
* Cernusco (Milan)
* [[Cernusco sul Naviglio]] (Milan)
* Inzago (Milan)
* [[Inzago]] (Milan)
* Monza
* [[Monza]]
* Liss (Monza and Brianza)
* [[Lissone]] ([[Monza and Brianza]])
* Busto Arsizio (Varese)
* [[Busto Arsizio]] ([[Varese]])
* Saronno (Varese)
* [[Saronno]] (Varese)
* Cavaria con Premezzo (Varese)
* [[Cavaria con Premezzo]] (Varese)
* Bolzano
* [[Bolzano]]
* [[Mestre]] ([[Venice]])
* Venice (Mestre)
* Padua
* [[Padua]]
* Montagnana (Padova)
* [[Montagnana]] (Padua)
* Florence
* [[Florence]]
* Latina
* [[Latina, Lazio|Latina]]
* Rome
* [[Rome]]
* Capri (Naples)
* [[Capri]] ([[Naples]])
* Sorrento (Naples)
* [[Sorrento]] (Naples)
* Canosa di Puglia (Bari)
* [[Canosa di Puglia]] ([[Barletta-Andria-Trani]])
* Molochio (Reggio Calabria)
* [[Molochio]] ([[Reggio Calabria]])


==References==
==Notes==
;Notes
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


;Bibliography
==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book|first=Carlo|last=Gennero|title=Padre Giuliani, Ardito|place=Turin|publisher=Libreria Editrice O. Mattalia|year=1936}}
* {{cite book|first=Carlo|last=Gennero|title=Padre Giuliani, Ardito|place=Turin|publisher=Libreria Editrice O. Mattalia|year=1936}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{authority control}}
;Attribution
{{refbegin}}
This article includes text translated from ''[[:it:Reginaldo Giuliani]]'', its counterpart in the Italian Wikipedia.
{{refend}}


{{Persondata
| NAME = Giuliani, Reginaldo
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Italian priest and military chaplain
| DATE OF BIRTH = 28 August 1887
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 21 January 1936
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Giuliani, Reginaldo}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Giuliani, Reginaldo}}
⚫
[[Category:People from Turin]]
[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:1936 deaths]]
[[Category:1936 deaths]]
[[Category:Italian writers]]
[[Category:Clergy from Turin]]
[[Category:Italian male writers]]
[[Category:Italian fascists]]
[[Category:Italian fascists]]
[[Category:Italian Dominicans]]
[[Category:Italian Dominicans]]
[[Category:Italian military chaplains]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Bronze Medal of Military Valor]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Silver Medal of Military Valor]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Medal of Military Valor]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Medal of Military Valor]]
[[Category:Royal Italian Army chaplains]]
[[Category:Royal Italian Army chaplains]]
[[Category:World War I chaplains]]
[[Category:World War I chaplains]]
[[Category:Italian military personnel killed in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War]]
[[Category:Arditi]]
[[Category:Christian fascists]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Turin]]
⚫
[[Category:Writers from Turin]]

Latest revision as of 15:49, 20 October 2024

Reginaldo Giuliani (Turin, 28 August 1887 – Warieu Pass, Ethiopia, 21 January 1936), better known as Father Giuliani, was a Dominican friar, a soldier and Italian writer.

Life

[edit]

When World War I broke out Father Giuliani enlisted in the Italian Army as Chaplain and fought in the trenches with the Third Army Corps Arditi, the special Unit of the World War I Italian Army; for gallantry in action, he was awarded two bronze medals and a silver medal. After the war, he took part with the "Catholic Legionnaires", in the seizure of Fiume under Gabriele d'Annunzio, the city on the Dalmatian coast, formerly part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire that Italy felt as "Denied" after the victory. After a turbulent period of four years Fiume was eventually annexed to Italy in 1924. He also took part in the Fascist March on Rome.

In 1926 Father Giuliani wrote a book about his experience in World War I entitled "The Arditi". The book was published in Milan by Fratelli Treves Editori and included a brief History of the Third Army Corps Arditi.

In 1936 during the Italian invasion of Ethiopia he enthusiastically enlisted in the Army again, seeing this war against Ethiopia as an opportunity for a new religious crusade against heretics and infidels, and as a tool to export European civilization. Father Giuliani was assigned to the troops under the command of General Diamanti. He fell during the battle of the Warieu Pass (see First Battle of Tembien), while attempting to rescue wounded soldiers. In 1936, as a tribute to his sacrifice he was posthumously awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valor. The citation concludes: "A blow of a scimitar, brandished by a barbarian hand, cut short his terrestrial existence: ending the life of an apostle and beginning that of a martyr."[1]

In 1937 the book, "the Cross and Sword" with his letters and articles written during the Ethiopian campaign was published in Turin.

Legacy

[edit]

In 1939 the Italian Royal Navy commissioned a submarine of the Liuzzi class with its name. After the Italian armistice in September 1943 the submarine was seized by the Japanese and given to the Germans, and commissioned into the German Navy as UIT.23. UIT 23 was later sunk by HMS Tally-ho.

Roberto Rossellini's movie, The Man with a Cross, released in 1943, was loosely based on Reginaldo Giuliani's life.

Several Italian towns have streets or squares named after Father Reginaldo Giuliani:

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ ‘Un colpo di scimitarra, da barbara mano vibrato, troncava la sua terrestre esistenza, chiudendo la vita di un apostolo, dando inizio a quella di un martire.’ For the complete citation see ‘GIULIANI Padre Reginaldo’, Onorificenze: Medaglia d'oro al valor militare, Presidenza della Repubblica.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Gennero, Carlo (1936). Padre Giuliani, Ardito. Turin: Libreria Editrice O. Mattalia.
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