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| trade_name = Sinopharm
| trade_name = Sinopharm
| logo = China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation.png
| logo = China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation.png
| logo_size =
| logo_size =
| logo_alt =
| logo_alt =
| logo_caption =
| logo_caption =
| logo_padding =
| logo_padding =
| image = Sinopharm Building (20230206145912).jpg
| image = Sinopharm Building (20230206145912).jpg
| image_size =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Headquarters
| image_caption = Headquarters
| type = [[state-owned enterprise]]
| type = [[State-owned enterprise]]
| products = {{hlist|[[Medication|Pharmaceutical drugs]]|[[vaccine]]s}}
| products = {{hlist|[[Medication|Pharmaceutical drugs]]|[[vaccine]]s}}
| industry = {{Ubl
| industry = {{Ubl
Line 22: Line 22:
| [[Biotechnology]]
| [[Biotechnology]]
}}
}}
| founded = November 26, 1998
| founded = {{start date and age|1998|11|26}}
| founder =
| founder =
| former_name =
| former_name =
| hq_location = 20 Zhichun Road, Haidian District
| hq_location = 20 Zhichun Road, Haidian District
| hq_location_city = Beijing
| hq_location_city = Beijing
| hq_location_country = China
| hq_location_country = China
| area_served = China, exported worldwide
| area_served = China, exported worldwide
| num_locations =
| num_locations =
| num_locations_year =
| num_locations_year =
⚫
| num_employees_year =
| num_employees =
⚫
| key_people = Liu Jingzhen ([[chairman]] & [[Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sinopharm.com/s/1223-3764-36260.html|title=中国医药集团有限公司主要领导调整|publisher=Sinopharm|language=zh|access-date=2021-08-24|archive-date=2022-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908065805/http://www.sinopharm.com/s/1223-3764-36260.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/21371288|title=Liu Jingzhen|publisher=Bloomberg|language=en}}</ref>
⚫
| num_employees_year =
| brands =
⚫
| key_people = Liu Jingzhen (Chairman & [[Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sinopharm.com/s/1223-3764-36260.html|title=中国医药集团有限公司主要领导调整|publisher=Sinopharm|language=zh|access-date=2021-08-24|archive-date=2022-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908065805/http://www.sinopharm.com/s/1223-3764-36260.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/21371288|title=Liu Jingzhen|publisher=Bloomberg|language=en}}</ref>
| brands =
| services =
| revenue = {{increase}} [[US$]] 96.1 billion (2023)<ref name=Financials>{{cite web |title=Sinopharm |url=https://fortune.com/company/sinopharm/ |website=Fortune Global 500 |publisher=Fortune |access-date=2024-08-24}}</ref>
| services =
| operating_income =
| revenue ={{increase}} {{CNY|247.110&nbsp;[[1,000,000,000|billion]]}}
⚫
| net_income = {{increase}} [[US$]] 1.1 billion (2023)<ref name=Financials />
| revenue_year = 2014
| assets = [[US$]] 82.8 billion (2023)<ref name=Financials />
| operating_income = {{increase}} {{CNY|8.758&nbsp;billion}}
| num_employees = 202,426 (2023)<ref name=Financials />
| income_year = 2014
⚫
| net_income = {{increase}} {{CNY|2.705&nbsp;billion}}
| net_income_year = 2014
| assets = {{increase}} {{CNY|199.192&nbsp;billion}}
| assets_year = 2014
| equity = {{increase}} {{CNY|31.944&nbsp;billion}}
| equity_year = 2014
| owner = [[State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council|Chinese&nbsp;central&nbsp;government]]&nbsp;(100%)
| owner = [[State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council|Chinese&nbsp;central&nbsp;government]]&nbsp;(100%)
| parent =
| parent = [[State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council|SASAC of the State Council]]
| subsid = {{ubl|Sinopharm&nbsp;Industrial&nbsp;Investment&nbsp;(51%)|→ [[Sinopharm Group]] (56.79%)|[[China Traditional Chinese Medicine|Trad. Chinese Medicine]] (37.59%)|[[Shanghai Shyndec Pharmaceutical|Shyndec Pharma.]] (41.62%)|China National Biotec Group (95%)|→ [[Beijing Tiantan Biological Products|Tiantan Biological]] (53.30%)}}
| subsid = {{ubl|Sinopharm&nbsp;Industrial&nbsp;Investment&nbsp;(51%)|→ [[Sinopharm Group]] (56.79%)|[[China Traditional Chinese Medicine|Trad. Chinese Medicine]] (37.59%)|[[Shanghai Shyndec Pharmaceutical|Shyndec Pharma.]] (41.62%)|China National Biotec Group (95%)|→ [[Beijing Tiantan Biological Products|Tiantan Biological]] (53.30%)}}
| rating =
| rating =
| footnotes = in a consolidated basis; equity and profit excluded minority interests; in Chinese Accounting Standards<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shclearing.com/xxpl/fxpl/scp/201601/t20160119_126134.html|title=中国医药集团总公司2016年度第一期超短期融资券发行披露材料|trans-title=Pospectus of 2016 (batch 1) Ultra-short-term financing of Sinopharm|date=19 January 2016|access-date=22 November 2016|work=Sinopharm|publisher=Shanghai Clearing House|language=zh}}</ref>
| footnotes = in a consolidated basis; equity and profit excluded minority interests; in Chinese Accounting Standards<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shclearing.com/xxpl/fxpl/scp/201601/t20160119_126134.html|title=中国医药集团总公司2016年度第一期超短期融资券发行披露材料|trans-title=Pospectus of 2016 (batch 1) Ultra-short-term financing of Sinopharm|date=19 January 2016|access-date=22 November 2016|work=Sinopharm|publisher=Shanghai Clearing House|language=zh}}</ref>
| module=
| module = {{Infobox Chinese
{{Chinese
| child=yes
| child=yes
|s=中国医药集团总公司
|s=中国医药集团总公司
Line 71: Line 64:


==History==
==History==
Sinopharm was founded as '''China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation''' ({{zh|s=中国医药集团总公司}}) on November 26, 1998, as a holding company for China National Pharmaceutical Corporation, China National Pharmaceutical Industry Corporation ({{zh|s=中国医药工业公司}}), China National Pharmaceutical Foreign Trade Corp. ({{zh|s=中国医药对外贸易公司}}) and China National Medical Device ({{zh|s=中国医疗器械工业公司}}). In 2009 it was merged with China National Biotec Group ({{zh|s=中国生物技术集团公司}}).{{cn|date=October 2022}}
Sinopharm was founded as '''China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation''' ({{zh|s=中国医药集团总公司}}) on November 26, 1998, as a holding company for China National Pharmaceutical Corporation, China National Pharmaceutical Industry Corporation ({{zh|s=中国医药工业公司}}), China National Pharmaceutical Foreign Trade Corp. ({{zh|s=中国医药对外贸易公司}}) and China National Medical Device ({{zh|s=中国医疗器械工业公司}}). In 2009 it was merged with China National Biotec Group ({{zh|s=中国生物技术集团公司}}).{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}


Its subsidiary Wuhan Institute of Biological Products was fined for selling 400,520 ineffective [[DPT vaccine]]s in November 2017.<ref>{{cite news|date=23 July 2018|title=Chinese President Xi Jinping orders crackdown over 'appalling' vaccine scandal|publisher=South China Morning Post|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/2156431/chinese-premier-li-keqiang-promises-clean-vaccine|access-date=29 November 2018}}</ref>
Its subsidiary Wuhan Institute of Biological Products was fined for selling 400,520 ineffective [[DPT vaccine]]s in November 2017.<ref>{{cite news|date=23 July 2018|title=Chinese President Xi Jinping orders crackdown over 'appalling' vaccine scandal|publisher=South China Morning Post|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/2156431/chinese-premier-li-keqiang-promises-clean-vaccine|access-date=29 November 2018}}</ref>
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BBIBP-CorV is being used in vaccination campaigns by certain countries in Asia,<ref name=":122">{{Cite news|date=2020-12-31|title=China gives its first COVID-19 vaccine approval to Sinopharm|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-china-idUSKBN29505P|access-date=2020-12-31|vauthors=Liu R}}</ref><ref name=":26">{{Cite web|last=Turak|first=Natasha|date=2021-01-18|title=The UAE is on track to have half its population vaccinated by the end of March|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/18/uae-on-track-to-vaccinate-half-its-population-by-end-of-march-.html|access-date=2021-01-21|website=CNBC}}</ref><ref name=":72">{{Cite web|last=Dawn.com|date=2021-02-02|title=PM Imran kicks off Pakistan's Covid-19 vaccination drive|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1605089|access-date=2021-02-03|website=DAWN.COM|language=en}}</ref> Africa,<ref name=":92">{{Cite news|last1=Waly|first1=Mohamed|last2=Eltahir|first2=Nafisa|editor-last=Richardson|editor-first=Alex|date=2021-01-24|title=Sisi says Egypt to begin COVID-19 vaccinations on Sunday|work=[[Reuters]]|location=Cairo|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-egypt-vaccinations-idUSKBN29T05N|access-date=2023-01-19}}</ref><ref name=":152">{{Cite web|last=Dumpis|first=Toms|date=2021-01-27|title=Morocco Receives Half a Million Doses of Chinese Sinopharm Vaccine|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/01/333436/morocco-receives-half-a-million-doses-of-chinese-sinopharm-vaccine/|access-date=2021-01-28|website=Morocco World News}}</ref><ref name=":112">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-18|title=Zimbabwe starts administering China's Sinopharm vaccines|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/africa/2021/02/18/zimbabwe-starts-administering-chinas-sinopharm-vaccines.html|access-date=2021-02-20|website=thestar.com|language=en}}</ref> South America,<ref name=":252">{{Cite web|title=Argentina autoriza la vacuna china Sinopharm para mayores de 60 años|url=https://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/argentina-vacuna-china-sinopharm-adultos.html|access-date=2021-03-26|website=El Comercio}}</ref><ref name=":162">{{Cite news|last=Aquino|first=Marco|date=2021-02-10|title='The best shield': Peru launches inoculation drive with Sinopharm vaccine|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-peru-vaccine-idUSKBN2AA03U|access-date=2021-02-10}}</ref><ref name=":232">{{Cite web|title=Bolivia begins inoculation with Sinopharm jabs {{!}} The Star|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2021/02/26/bolivia-begins-inoculation-with-sinopharm-jabs|access-date=2021-02-28|website=www.thestar.com.my}}</ref> and Europe.<ref name=":172">{{Cite news|title=Serbia Becomes First European Nation To Use China's Sinopharm Vaccine|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/serbia-covid-vaccine-china-sinopharm/31053091.html|access-date=2021-01-21|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=20 January 2021 }}</ref><ref name=":212">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-24|title=Hungary first EU nation to use China's Sinopharm vaccine against COVID|url=https://www.euronews.com/2021/02/24/hungary-becomes-first-eu-nation-to-use-china-s-sinopharm-vaccine-against-covid-19|access-date=2021-02-26|website=euronews|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":242">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-15|title=Belarus begins COVID-19 vaccinations with Chinese shots|url=https://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-begins-covid-19-vaccinations-with-chinese-shots-138222-2021/|access-date=2021-03-16|website=eng.belta.by|language=en-EN}}</ref> Sinopharm expects to produce one billion doses of BBIBP-CorV in 2021.<ref name=":222">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-05|title=Which companies will likely produce the most COVID-19 vaccine in 2021?|url=https://www.pharmaceuticalprocessingworld.com/which-companies-will-likely-produce-the-most-covid-19-vaccine-in-2021/|access-date=2021-02-28|website=Pharmaceutical Processing World|language=en-US}}</ref> On 7 May 2021, the [[World Health Organization]] approved the vaccine for emergency use<ref name="WHOEUA">{{cite news|last=Taylor|first=Adam|date=7 May 2021|title=WHO grants emergency use authorization for Chinese-made Sinopharm coronavirus vaccine|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/05/07/who-sinopharm-emergency-use/|access-date=7 May 2021}}</ref> and Sinopharm later signed purchase agreements for 170 million doses from [[COVAX]].<ref name=":282">{{Cite web|date=2021-07-12|title=Chinese drugmakers agree to supply more than half a billion vaccines to COVAX|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/gavi-signs-covid-19-vaccine-supply-deals-with-sinovac-sinopharm-covax-2021-07-12/|access-date=2021-07-13|website=Reuters}}</ref>
BBIBP-CorV is being used in vaccination campaigns by certain countries in Asia,<ref name=":122">{{Cite news|date=2020-12-31|title=China gives its first COVID-19 vaccine approval to Sinopharm|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-china-idUSKBN29505P|access-date=2020-12-31|vauthors=Liu R}}</ref><ref name=":26">{{Cite web|last=Turak|first=Natasha|date=2021-01-18|title=The UAE is on track to have half its population vaccinated by the end of March|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/18/uae-on-track-to-vaccinate-half-its-population-by-end-of-march-.html|access-date=2021-01-21|website=CNBC}}</ref><ref name=":72">{{Cite web|last=Dawn.com|date=2021-02-02|title=PM Imran kicks off Pakistan's Covid-19 vaccination drive|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1605089|access-date=2021-02-03|website=DAWN.COM|language=en}}</ref> Africa,<ref name=":92">{{Cite news|last1=Waly|first1=Mohamed|last2=Eltahir|first2=Nafisa|editor-last=Richardson|editor-first=Alex|date=2021-01-24|title=Sisi says Egypt to begin COVID-19 vaccinations on Sunday|work=[[Reuters]]|location=Cairo|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-egypt-vaccinations-idUSKBN29T05N|access-date=2023-01-19}}</ref><ref name=":152">{{Cite web|last=Dumpis|first=Toms|date=2021-01-27|title=Morocco Receives Half a Million Doses of Chinese Sinopharm Vaccine|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/01/333436/morocco-receives-half-a-million-doses-of-chinese-sinopharm-vaccine/|access-date=2021-01-28|website=Morocco World News}}</ref><ref name=":112">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-18|title=Zimbabwe starts administering China's Sinopharm vaccines|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/africa/2021/02/18/zimbabwe-starts-administering-chinas-sinopharm-vaccines.html|access-date=2021-02-20|website=thestar.com|language=en}}</ref> South America,<ref name=":252">{{Cite web|title=Argentina autoriza la vacuna china Sinopharm para mayores de 60 años|url=https://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/argentina-vacuna-china-sinopharm-adultos.html|access-date=2021-03-26|website=El Comercio}}</ref><ref name=":162">{{Cite news|last=Aquino|first=Marco|date=2021-02-10|title='The best shield': Peru launches inoculation drive with Sinopharm vaccine|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-peru-vaccine-idUSKBN2AA03U|access-date=2021-02-10}}</ref><ref name=":232">{{Cite web|title=Bolivia begins inoculation with Sinopharm jabs {{!}} The Star|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2021/02/26/bolivia-begins-inoculation-with-sinopharm-jabs|access-date=2021-02-28|website=www.thestar.com.my}}</ref> and Europe.<ref name=":172">{{Cite news|title=Serbia Becomes First European Nation To Use China's Sinopharm Vaccine|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/serbia-covid-vaccine-china-sinopharm/31053091.html|access-date=2021-01-21|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=20 January 2021 }}</ref><ref name=":212">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-24|title=Hungary first EU nation to use China's Sinopharm vaccine against COVID|url=https://www.euronews.com/2021/02/24/hungary-becomes-first-eu-nation-to-use-china-s-sinopharm-vaccine-against-covid-19|access-date=2021-02-26|website=euronews|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":242">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-15|title=Belarus begins COVID-19 vaccinations with Chinese shots|url=https://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-begins-covid-19-vaccinations-with-chinese-shots-138222-2021/|access-date=2021-03-16|website=eng.belta.by|language=en-EN}}</ref> Sinopharm expects to produce one billion doses of BBIBP-CorV in 2021.<ref name=":222">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-05|title=Which companies will likely produce the most COVID-19 vaccine in 2021?|url=https://www.pharmaceuticalprocessingworld.com/which-companies-will-likely-produce-the-most-covid-19-vaccine-in-2021/|access-date=2021-02-28|website=Pharmaceutical Processing World|language=en-US}}</ref> On 7 May 2021, the [[World Health Organization]] approved the vaccine for emergency use<ref name="WHOEUA">{{cite news|last=Taylor|first=Adam|date=7 May 2021|title=WHO grants emergency use authorization for Chinese-made Sinopharm coronavirus vaccine|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/05/07/who-sinopharm-emergency-use/|access-date=7 May 2021}}</ref> and Sinopharm later signed purchase agreements for 170 million doses from [[COVAX]].<ref name=":282">{{Cite web|date=2021-07-12|title=Chinese drugmakers agree to supply more than half a billion vaccines to COVAX|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/gavi-signs-covid-19-vaccine-supply-deals-with-sinovac-sinopharm-covax-2021-07-12/|access-date=2021-07-13|website=Reuters}}</ref>


The similarly named Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine is also an inactivated virus vaccine.{{cn|date=October 2022}}
The similarly named Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine is also an inactivated virus vaccine.{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 18:37, 20 October 2024

This article is about the pharmaceutical company. For the COVID-19 vaccine that it developed, see Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine.
For other uses, see Sinopharm (disambiguation).
"Sinopharm" redirects here. Not to be confused with Sinovac Biotech.

39°58′29″N 116°20′24″E / 39.9747°N 116.3401°E / 39.9747; 116.3401

China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation
Sinopharm
Company typeState-owned enterprise
Industry
FoundedNovember 26, 1998; 26 years ago (1998-11-26)
Headquarters20 Zhichun Road, Haidian District,
Beijing
,
China
Area served
China, exported worldwide
Key people
Liu Jingzhen (chairman & Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary)[1][2]
Products
RevenueIncrease US$ 96.1 billion (2023)[3]
Increase US$ 1.1 billion (2023)[3]
Total assetsUS$ 82.8 billion (2023)[3]
OwnerChinese central government (100%)
Number of employees
202,426 (2023)[3]
Subsidiaries
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese中国医药集团总公司
Traditional Chinese中國醫藥集團總公司
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó yīyào jítuán zǒng gōngsī
short Chinese name
Simplified Chinese国药集团
Traditional Chinese國藥集團
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuóyào jítuán
Footnotes / references
in a consolidated basis; equity and profit excluded minority interests; in Chinese Accounting Standards[4]

China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation (CNPGC), commonly referred to as Sinopharm, is a Chinese state-owned enterprise. The corporation was the indirect major shareholder of publicly traded companies Sinopharm Group (SEHK: 1099, via a 51–49 joint venture, Sinopharm Industrial Investment, with Fosun Pharmaceutical), China Traditional Chinese Medicine [zh] (SEHK: 570, mostly via Sinopharm Group Hongkong Co., Ltd.),[5] Shanghai Shyndec Pharmaceutical (SSE: 600420, via a wholly owned research institute based in Shanghai), and Beijing Tiantan Biological Products (SSE: 600161, via China National Biotec Group).

China National Pharmaceutical Group was supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council.[6]

Sinopharm was ranked 109th in the 2021 Fortune Global 500 list.[7]

History

[edit]

Sinopharm was founded as China National Pharmaceutical Group Corporation (Chinese: 中国医药集团总公司) on November 26, 1998, as a holding company for China National Pharmaceutical Corporation, China National Pharmaceutical Industry Corporation (Chinese: 中国医药工业公司), China National Pharmaceutical Foreign Trade Corp. (Chinese: 中国医药对外贸易公司) and China National Medical Device (Chinese: 中国医疗器械工业公司). In 2009 it was merged with China National Biotec Group (Chinese: 中国生物技术集团公司).[citation needed]

Its subsidiary Wuhan Institute of Biological Products was fined for selling 400,520 ineffective DPT vaccines in November 2017.[8]

Pfizer announced the signing of a cooperation pact with Sinopharm Group in April 2023, with plans to seep approval for 12 drugs in China through 2025.[9]

COVID-19 vaccines

[edit]
Main articles: Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine, Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine, and Sinopharm CNBG COVID-19 vaccine

The Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine, also known as BBIBP-CorV,[10] the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine,[11] or BIBP vaccine,[11][12][13] is one of two inactivated virus COVID-19 vaccines developed by Sinopharm. It completed Phase III trials in Argentina, Bahrain, Egypt, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with over 60,000 participants.[14] BBIBP-CorV shares similar technology with CoronaVac and BBV152, other inactivated virus vaccines for COVID-19.[15]

Peer-reviewed results published in JAMA of Phase III trials in United Arab Emirates and Bahrain showed BBIBP-CorV 78.1% effective against symptomatic cases and 100% against severe cases (21 cases in vaccinated group vs. 95 cases in placebo group).[16] In December 2020, the UAE previously announced interim results showing 86% efficacy.[17] While mRNA vaccines like the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and mRNA-1273 showed higher efficacy of over 90%, those present distribution challenges for some nations as they require deep-freeze facilities and trucks. BIBP-CorV could be transported and stored at normal refrigerated temperatures.[18]

BBIBP-CorV is being used in vaccination campaigns by certain countries in Asia,[19][20][21] Africa,[22][23][24] South America,[25][26][27] and Europe.[28][29][30] Sinopharm expects to produce one billion doses of BBIBP-CorV in 2021.[31] On 7 May 2021, the World Health Organization approved the vaccine for emergency use[32] and Sinopharm later signed purchase agreements for 170 million doses from COVAX.[33]

The similarly named Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine is also an inactivated virus vaccine.[citation needed]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "中国医药集团有限公司主要领导调整" (in Chinese). Sinopharm. Archived from the original on 2022-09-08. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
  2. ^ "Liu Jingzhen". Bloomberg.
  3. ^ a b c d "Sinopharm". Fortune Global 500. Fortune. Retrieved 2024-08-24.
  4. ^ "中国医药集团总公司2016年度第一期超短期融资券发行披露材料" [Pospectus of 2016 (batch 1) Ultra-short-term financing of Sinopharm]. Sinopharm (in Chinese). Shanghai Clearing House. 19 January 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
  5. ^ "2015 Annual Report" (PDF). China Traditional Chinese Medicine. Hong Kong Stock Exchange. 28 April 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
  6. ^ "央企名录 (List of Central SOEs)". Official website of SASAC (in Chinese). Retrieved 3 March 2016.
  7. ^ "Global 500".
  8. ^ "Chinese President Xi Jinping orders crackdown over 'appalling' vaccine scandal". South China Morning Post. 23 July 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
  9. ^ "Pfizer signs strategic cooperation pact with China's Sinopharm". Reuters. 2023-04-13. Retrieved 2023-11-08.
  10. ^ Xia S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Yang Y, Gao GF, et al. (January 2021). "Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, BBIBP-CorV: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 trial". The Lancet. Infectious Diseases. 21 (1): 39–51. doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30831-8. PMC 7561304. PMID 33069281.
  11. ^ a b "The Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine: What you need to know". World Health Organization. 10 May 2021. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
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