Shawnee Hills: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|American region in southern Illinois}} |
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{{more citations needed|date=June 2014}} |
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[[File:Garden_of_the_Gods_Sunset.jpg|thumb|''Garden of the Gods'' in the [[Shawnee National Forest]]]] |
[[File:Garden_of_the_Gods_Sunset.jpg|thumb|''Garden of the Gods'' in the [[Shawnee National Forest]]]] |
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The '''Shawnee Hills''' |
The '''Shawnee Hills''' are a region within the larger [[Interior Low Plateaus]] physiographic province located in [[southern Illinois]], [[southern Indiana]], and [[western Kentucky]].<ref name="Flint">{{cite journal |last1=Flint |first1=Richard Foster |title=Natural Boundaries in the Interior Low Plateau Physiographic Province |journal=The Journal of Geology |date=1928 |volume=36 |issue=5 |pages=451–457 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/30055878.pdf |access-date=6 August 2024}}</ref> In Illinois it rests mainly in an east–west arc roughly following the outline of the southern end of the [[Geology of Illinois|Illinois Basin]]. Whereas [[Mississippian (geology)|Mississippian]] and [[Pennsylvanian (geology)|Pennsylvanian]] Age rock layers are deep beneath the soil surface in central Illinois, these strata pierce the surface in southern Illinois. The Shawnee Hills are surface expressions of the more weather-resistant limestone and [[sandstone]] layers. This formation is due in part to the last glaciation of the Ice Age (which tended to grind down hills and bury them under soil) not reaching this far south. |
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[[Shawnee]] is the name used for a native American people, who historically resided in the [[Ohio Valley]]. The Shawnee Hills are often called the "Illinois Ozarks", especially in promotional literature for tourism. But they are technically not a part of [[The Ozarks]], a geologically similar area that for the most part begins just to the west across the [[Mississippi River]] floodplain in southeastern [[Missouri]]. |
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| ⚫ | Within the Shawnee Hills, [[limestone]] is extensively quarried from outcrops, while both north and south of the Shawnee Hills, coal is mined by surface techniques on shallow coal seams near the edges of the Illinois Basin and by deep mining techniques in the deeper parts of the Basin. Additionally, extensive faulting in and around the Shawnee Hills occurred due to deep [[tectonic]] activities and formed sites for deposition of [[fluorite]], a mineral used for production of the element [[fluorine]]. At one time, about 80% of the world's fluorspar |
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| ⚫ | Within the Shawnee Hills, [[limestone]] is extensively quarried from outcrops, while both north and south of the Shawnee Hills, coal is mined by surface techniques on shallow coal seams near the edges of the Illinois Basin and by deep mining techniques in the deeper parts of the Basin. Additionally, extensive faulting in and around the Shawnee Hills occurred due to deep [[tectonic]] activities and formed sites for deposition of [[fluorite]], a mineral used for production of the element [[fluorine]]. At one time, about 80% of the world's fluorspar ore was mined near the towns of [[Rosiclare, Illinois|Rosiclare]] and [[Cave-In-Rock, Illinois|Cave in Rock]]. |
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| ⚫ | A large portion of the Shawnee Hills lies within the [[Shawnee National Forest]] |
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| ⚫ | A large portion of the Shawnee Hills lies within the [[Shawnee National Forest]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fs.usda.gov/shawnee |title=Shawnee National Forest - Home |publisher=Fs.usda.gov |date= |accessdate=2022-09-17}}</ref> The beauty of the Shawnee Hills, the Shawnee National Forest, and the [[Ohio River Valley]] make the area a prime tourist destination. |
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Though the Shawnee Hills are commonly called the "Illinois Ozarks," they are generally not considered part of the true [[The Ozarks|Ozarks]], which begin just to the west across the Missouri line. |
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The Shawnee Hills can be seen faintly from as far north as [[Vergennes, Illinois|Vergennes]]. The westernmost portion of the hills rise south of [[Murphysboro, Illinois|Murphysboro]] and continue southward to [[Olive Branch, Illinois|Olive Branch]]. Large plains used for farmland separate the hills from the Mississippi River along [[Illinois Route 3]], especially near the towns of [[Wolf Lake, Illinois|Wolf Lake]], [[Grand Tower, Illinois|Grand Tower]] and [[Ware, Illinois|Ware]]. The [[Big Muddy River]] cuts through the hills south of [[Kinkaid Lake]], making rocky cliffs that can be viewed by boat-ride down the river. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[Ohio River]] |
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*[[Shawnee National Forest]] |
*[[Shawnee National Forest]] |
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*[[Dixon Springs State Park]] |
*[[Dixon Springs State Park]] |
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[[Category:Geology of Illinois]] |
[[Category:Geology of Illinois]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Southern Illinois]] |
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[[Category:Landforms of Illinois]] |
[[Category:Landforms of Illinois]] |
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Latest revision as of 20:01, 20 October 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2014) |
The Shawnee Hills are a region within the larger Interior Low Plateaus physiographic province located in southern Illinois, southern Indiana, and western Kentucky.[1] In Illinois it rests mainly in an east–west arc roughly following the outline of the southern end of the Illinois Basin. Whereas Mississippian and Pennsylvanian Age rock layers are deep beneath the soil surface in central Illinois, these strata pierce the surface in southern Illinois. The Shawnee Hills are surface expressions of the more weather-resistant limestone and sandstone layers. This formation is due in part to the last glaciation of the Ice Age (which tended to grind down hills and bury them under soil) not reaching this far south.
Shawnee is the name used for a native American people, who historically resided in the Ohio Valley. The Shawnee Hills are often called the "Illinois Ozarks", especially in promotional literature for tourism. But they are technically not a part of The Ozarks, a geologically similar area that for the most part begins just to the west across the Mississippi River floodplain in southeastern Missouri.
Within the Shawnee Hills, limestone is extensively quarried from outcrops, while both north and south of the Shawnee Hills, coal is mined by surface techniques on shallow coal seams near the edges of the Illinois Basin and by deep mining techniques in the deeper parts of the Basin. Additionally, extensive faulting in and around the Shawnee Hills occurred due to deep tectonic activities and formed sites for deposition of fluorite, a mineral used for production of the element fluorine. At one time, about 80% of the world's fluorspar ore was mined near the towns of Rosiclare and Cave in Rock.
A large portion of the Shawnee Hills lies within the Shawnee National Forest.[2] The beauty of the Shawnee Hills, the Shawnee National Forest, and the Ohio River Valley make the area a prime tourist destination.
The Shawnee Hills can be seen faintly from as far north as Vergennes. The westernmost portion of the hills rise south of Murphysboro and continue southward to Olive Branch. Large plains used for farmland separate the hills from the Mississippi River along Illinois Route 3, especially near the towns of Wolf Lake, Grand Tower and Ware. The Big Muddy River cuts through the hills south of Kinkaid Lake, making rocky cliffs that can be viewed by boat-ride down the river.
See also
[edit]- Shawnee National Forest
- Dixon Springs State Park
- Cave-in-Rock State Park
- Trail of Tears State Forest
References
[edit]- ^ Flint, Richard Foster (1928). "Natural Boundaries in the Interior Low Plateau Physiographic Province" (PDF). The Journal of Geology. 36 (5): 451–457. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
- ^ "Shawnee National Forest - Home". Fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-17.