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Bab Al-Asbat Minaret (Arabic: منارة الأسباط, romanized: Minarat al-Asbat), Minaret of the Tribes, is a minaret in Jerusalem. The other name is the Minaret of Salahiyah which refers to the Salahiyah School close to it.^[1] It is one of the four minarets of Al-Aqsa, and is situated along the north wall.^[2]

History

Bab al-Asbat was built in the Mamluk period during the reign of Sultan al-Malik Ashraf Shaaban, the son of Sultan Hasan, in 769 AH/1367 AD at the hands of Prince Sayf Al-Din Qutlu Bagha, the governor of Jerusalem and the inspector of the two Harams (Haramayn) in 769 AH/1367 AD.^[3]

Architecture

After the damaging construction caused by an earthquake in 1586 AD, the Ottomans rebuilt the Al-Asbat minaret in a cylindrical shape of 28.5 m long, which is the Ottoman style. This work was carried out by Sultan Mahmud, the son of Sultan Muhammad in 1007 H / 1599 AD. The Sultan allocated 300 Sultani dinars for that purpose under the supervision of Abd al-Baqi Bek, the inspector of the two Harams and Ahmad Bek, the governor of Jerusalem and Gaza, and with the involvement of the engineer Mahmud, the son of the Mu'allim Abd al-Muhsin ibn Nummar, Khalaf al- Mi'mar, and the Mu'allim Ali ibn Khalil.^[4] It is composed of a cylindrical stone shaft (of Ottoman construction), rising from a rectangular base on top of a triangular transition zone.^[5] The shaft narrows above the muezzin's balcony, and is dotted with circular windows,^[6] ending with a bulbous dome.

In 1346 AH / 1927 AD, an earthquake crushed the minaret. Moreover, The Supreme Islamic Council rebuilt it in the same year by increasing the length of the minaret as written in the inscription above its door.

The dome was reconstructed after the 1927 Jericho earthquake.^[5] The following reconstruction occurred after the Arab-Israeli war in 1387 AH / 1967 AD when the Zionist targeted the minaret by bombing, causing severe damage and requiring a comprehensive restoration of The al-Asbat Minaret. It was built when most of the minaret was damaged due to the hit and the cone was covered with lead.^[4]

References

^ TİKA. (2013). Mescid-I Aksa Rehberi (Harem-i Şerif).
^ Menashe Har-El (April 2004). Golden Jerusalem. Gefen Publishing House Ltd. p. 334. ISBN 978-965-229-254-4. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
^ Al-Jallad, I. (2017). معالم المسجد الأقصى تحت المجهر [Al-Aqsa Mosque landmarks under the microscope]. Baytul Maqdis Center for Literature.
^ ^a ^b Ghosheh, M. Hashim. (2005). Guide to the Masjid al-Aqsa; an Architectural and Historical Guide to the Islamic Monuments in the Masjid al-Aqsa. Ministry of Awqaf and Religious Affairs.
^ ^a ^b Bab al-Asbat Minaret Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine Archnet Digital Library.
^ Al-Aqsa Guide Friends of al-Aqsa.

Bibliography

Burgoyne, Michael Hamilton (1987). Mamluk Jerusalem. British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem by the World of Islam Festival Trust. ISBN 090503533X. (pp. 415−418)
Berchem, van, Max (1920). MIFAO 45.2 Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Part 2 Syrie du Sud T.3 Fasc. 2 Jérusalem Index général. Cairo: Impr. de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale.(LXXI)
Berchem, van, M. (1922). MIFAO 43 Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Part 2 Syrie du Sud T.1 Jérusalem "Ville" (in French and Arabic). Cairo: Impr. de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale. (pp. 403-411)
Berchem, van, M. (1927). MIFAO 44 Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Part 2 Syrie du Sud T.2 Jérusalem Haram. Cairo: Impr. de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale. (pp. 133−136)

[1] TİKA. (2013). Mescid-I Aksa Rehberi (Harem-i Şerif).

[Har-El2004-2] Menashe Har-El (April 2004). Golden Jerusalem. Gefen Publishing House Ltd. p. 334. ISBN 978-965-229-254-4. Retrieved 4 October 2010.

[3] Al-Jallad, I. (2017). معالم المسجد الأقصى تحت المجهر [Al-Aqsa Mosque landmarks under the microscope]. Baytul Maqdis Center for Literature.

[:0-4] Ghosheh, M. Hashim. (2005). Guide to the Masjid al-Aqsa; an Architectural and Historical Guide to the Islamic Monuments in the Masjid al-Aqsa. Ministry of Awqaf and Religious Affairs.

[Asbat-5] Bab al-Asbat Minaret Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine Archnet Digital Library.

[FoaA-6] Al-Aqsa Guide Friends of al-Aqsa.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Minaret of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem}}
-[[File:05889r.jpg|thumb|250px|Minaret of Israel]]
+[[File:Old Jerusalem, Temple Mount - Minaret.jpg|thumb|250px|Bab Al-Asbat Minaret]]
-The '''Minaret of Israel''' ({{lang-ar|}} ''Minarat Israil''), also known as '''Minaret of the Tribes''' ({{lang-ar|}} ''Minarat al-Asbat''), is one of the four [[minaret]]s of the [[Temple Mount]] and is situated along the north wall.<ref name="Har-El2004">{{cite book|author=Menashe Har-El|title=Golden Jerusalem|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=9Z2cFY9iGqgC&pg=PA334|accessdate=4 October 2010|date=April 2004|publisher=Gefen Publishing House Ltd|isbn=9789652292544|page=334}}</ref>
+'''Bab Al-Asbat Minaret''' ({{langx|ar|منارة الأسباط|Minarat al-Asbat}}), '''Minaret of the Tribes''',  is a minaret in [[Jerusalem]]. The other name is the Minaret of Salahiyah which refers to the Salahiyah School close to it.<ref>{{Cite book |last=TİKA. |title=Mescid-I Aksa Rehberi (Harem-i Şerif). |year=2013}}</ref> It is one of the four [[minaret]]s of [[Al-Aqsa]], and is situated along the north wall.<ref name="Har-El2004">{{cite book|author=Menashe Har-El|title=Golden Jerusalem|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9Z2cFY9iGqgC&pg=PA334|access-date=4 October 2010|date=April 2004|publisher=Gefen Publishing House Ltd|isbn=978-965-229-254-4|page=334}}</ref>
 ==History==
+Bab al-Asbat was built in the Mamluk period during the reign of Sultan al-Malik Ashraf Shaaban, the son of Sultan Hasan, in '''769 AH'''/'''1367 AD''' at the hands of Prince Sayf Al-Din Qutlu Bagha, the governor of Jerusalem and the inspector of the two Harams (Haramayn) in 769 AH/1367 AD.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Al-Jallad, I. |title=معالم المسجد الأقصى تحت المجهر [Al-Aqsa Mosque landmarks under the microscope] |publisher=Baytul Maqdis Center for Literature. |year=2017}}</ref>
-Considered the most notable minaret on the Temple Mount, the Minaret of Israel was built in 1367. It is composed of a cylindrical stone shaft (built later by the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]s), which springs up from a rectangular Mamluk-built base on top of a triangular transition zone.<ref name="Asbat"/> The shaft narrows above the ''muezzin's'' balcony, and is dotted with circular windows,<ref name="FoaA">[http://74.125.45.104/search?q=cache:kfEnee62rkYJ:www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx+Kas+Fountain+Mamluk&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=10&gl=us&client=firefox-a Al-Aqsa Guide] Friends of al-Aqsa.</ref> ending with a [[bulbous]] dome. The dome was reconstructed after the [[Jordan Valley earthquake of 1927]].<ref name="Asbat">[http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5551 Bab al-Asbat Minaret] Archnet Digital Library.</ref>
+== Architecture ==
+After the damaging construction caused by an earthquake in 1586 AD, the Ottomans rebuilt the Al-Asbat minaret in a cylindrical shape of '''28.5''' m long, which is the Ottoman style. This work was carried out by Sultan Mahmud, the son of Sultan Muhammad in 1007 H / 1599 AD. The Sultan allocated 300 Sultani dinars for that purpose under the supervision of Abd al-Baqi Bek, the inspector of the two Harams and Ahmad Bek, the governor of Jerusalem and Gaza, and with the involvement of the engineer Mahmud, the son of the Mu'allim Abd al-Muhsin ibn Nummar, Khalaf al- Mi'mar, and the Mu'allim Ali ibn Khalil.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Ghosheh, M. Hashim. |title=Guide to the Masjid al-Aqsa; an Architectural and Historical Guide to the Islamic Monuments in the Masjid al-Aqsa. |publisher=Ministry of Awqaf and Religious Affairs. |year=2005}}</ref> It is composed of a cylindrical stone shaft (of [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] construction), rising from a rectangular base on top of a triangular transition zone.<ref name="Asbat" /> The shaft narrows above the ''muezzin's'' balcony, and is dotted with circular windows,<ref name="FoaA">[https://web.archive.org/web/20101111170439/http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide] Friends of al-Aqsa.</ref> ending with a [[bulbous]] dome.
+In 1346 AH / 1927 AD, an earthquake crushed the minaret. Moreover, The Supreme Islamic Council rebuilt it in the same year by increasing the length of the minaret as written in the inscription above its door.
+The dome was reconstructed after the [[1927 Jericho earthquake]].<ref name="Asbat">[http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5551 Bab al-Asbat Minaret] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629165310/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5551 |date=2011-06-29 }} Archnet Digital Library.</ref> The following reconstruction occurred after the Arab-Israeli war in 1387 AH / 1967 AD when the Zionist targeted the minaret by bombing, causing severe damage and requiring a comprehensive restoration of The al-Asbat Minaret. It was built when most of the minaret was damaged due to the hit and the cone was covered with lead.<ref name=":0" />
 ==See also==
-*[[Gates of the Temple Mount#Gate of the Tribes|Gate of the Tribes of Israel]]
+* [[Gates of the Temple Mount#Gate of the Tribes|Gate of the Tribes of Israel]]
-*[[Birket Israel|Pool of Israel]]
+* [[Birket Israel]] (Pool of Israel)
+*[[Islam in Jerusalem]]
 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
+==Bibliography==
+{{commons category}}
+{{refbegin}}
+*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qR_qAAAAMAAJ   |title=Mamluk Jerusalem |year=1987|author=Burgoyne, Michael Hamilton |publisher=British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem by the World of Islam Festival Trust |isbn=090503533X}} (pp. 415−418)
+*{{cite book|title=MIFAO 45.2 Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Part 2 Syrie du Sud T.3 Fasc. 2 Jérusalem Index général |url=https://archive.org/details/MIFAO45f2|first1=Max|last1=Berchem, van|author-link=Max van Berchem |year=1920| publisher=Impr. de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale|location=Cairo}}([https://archive.org/details/MIFAO45f2/page/n11/mode/1up LXXI])
+*{{cite book|title=MIFAO 43 Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Part 2 Syrie du Sud T.1 Jérusalem "Ville"  |url=https://archive.org/details/MIFAO43|first=M.|last=Berchem, van|author-link=Max van Berchem |year=1922| publisher=Impr. de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale|location=Cairo|language=fr, ar}} (pp. [https://archive.org/details/MIFAO43/page/n221/mode/1up 403]-411)
+*{{cite book|title=MIFAO 44 Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Part 2 Syrie du Sud T.2 Jérusalem Haram |url=https://archive.org/details/MIFAO44|first=M.|last=Berchem, van|author-link=Max van Berchem |year=1927| publisher=Impr. de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale|location=Cairo}} (pp. [https://archive.org/details/MIFAO44/page/n73/mode/1up 133]−136)
+{{refend}}
 {{Islamic structures on the Temple Mount}}
+[[Category:Mamluk architecture in the State of Palestine]]
+[[Category:Temple Mount]]
+[[he:מבני הר הבית#צריח שער השבטים]]
-[[Category:Arabic architecture]]