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Maacah (or Maakah; Hebrew: מַעֲכָה‎ Maʿăḵā, "crushed"; Maacha in the Codex Alexandrinus, Maachah in the KJV) is a non-gender-specific personal name used in the Bible to refer to a number of people.

A child of Abraham's brother Nachor, evidently a boy. (Genesis 22:23,24)
The wife of Machir, Manasseh's son. (1 Chronicles 7:15-16)
One of the wives of Hezron's son Caleb. (1 Chronicles 2:48)
A wife of David, and daughter of Talmai, King of Geshur (1 Chronicles 3:2), a near neighbor of the Maachathites. David fathered Absalom and Tamar by her.
A King of Gath, to whose son, Achish, Shimei's servants fled early in Solomon's reign (1 Kings 2:39). About a half-century earlier than this event, David had fled to Achish, son of Maoch, King of Gath, with 600 men (1 Samuel 27:2). Still, the identification of Maacah is doubtful, though kinship is exceedingly probable.
Daughter of Absalom, favorite wife of Rehoboam, mother of Abijah of Judah, and grandmother of Asa of Judah. She served as Gebirah for Asa until he deposed her for idolatry. (1 Kings 15:1-14, 2 Chronicles 11:20-22, 2 Chronicles 15:16)
The wife of Yechiel. (1 Chronicles 8:29)
The father of Hanan, who was a man in David's army. (1 Chronicles 11:43)
The father of Shephatiah, an office man in David's time. (1 Chronicles 27:16)

The name is also used to refer to:

Aram-Maʿaka, a small Aramean kingdom east of the Sea of Galilee (1 Chronicles 19:6). Its territory was in the region assigned to the half-tribe of Manasseh east of the Jordan River. Maacah, its king, became a mercenary of the Ammonites in their war against David (2 Samuel 10:6). It is probable that the city Abel-beth-maachah in Naphtali (2 Samuel 10:15) derived its name from its relation to this kingdom and people.

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Maacah". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
Entry for the kingdom at the International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 1915
Entry for the persons at the International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 1915

Citations

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+{{Short description|Personal name of several figures in the Bible}}
-'''Maacah''' ([[Codex Alexandrinus]]: '''Maacha''', [[KJV]]: '''Maachah''', Hebrew: מעכה ''Ma`aKhaH'' "Crushed") is a non-gender-specific personal name used in the [[Bible]] to refer to a number of people.
+'''Maacah''' (or '''Maakah'''; {{langx|he|{{Script/Hebr|מַעֲכָה}}}} ''Maʿăḵā'', "crushed"; '''Maacha''' in the [[Codex Alexandrinus]], '''Maachah''' in the [[KJV]]) is a non-gender-specific personal name used in the [[Bible]] to refer to a number of people.
+*A child of [[Abraham]]'s brother [[Nahor, son of Terah|Nachor]], evidently a boy. (Genesis 22:23,24)
-[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+15%3A9-10&version=ESV 1 Kings 15:9-10] and [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+15&version=NIV II Chron. 15:16] identify Maacah as the daughter of [[Absalom]].<ref name="Miller 1986">{{cite book|last=Miller|first=J. Maxwell|title=A history of ancient Israel and Judah|year=1986|publisher=Westminster Press|location=Philadelphia|isbn=066421262X|edition=1st|author2=Hayes, John H.}}</ref> From this, one would presume that Maacah was [[Asa of Judah|Asa]]’s mother and [[Abijam]]’s wife, except that [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+15&version=NIV I Kings 15:2] records this same Macaah as [[Abijam]]’s mother. [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+11%3A20-22&version=NASB II Chronicles 11:20-22] elaborates further that Maacah was [[Rehoboam]]’s favorite wife and that he passed over other sons to designate her son [[Abijam]] as crown prince. Finally, complicating things all the more, [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+13-15&version=NIV II Chron 13:2] records the name of [[Abijam]]’s mother as [[Micaiah]] daughter of Uriel of Gibeah.
+*The wife of [[Machir]], [[Manasseh (tribal patriarch)|Manasseh]]'s son. (1 Chronicles 7:15-16)
+*One of the wives of [[Hezron]]'s son [[Caleb]]. (1 Chronicles 2:48)
-Given all this contradictory information, there are three possibilities: (1) [[Micaiah]] daughter of [[Urial]] and Maacah daughter of [[Absalom]] were two people who have been confused. The former was [[Rehoboam]]’s wife; the latter was [[Abijam]]’s wife and [[Asa of Judah|Asa]]’s mother. (2) Maacah raised her grandson Asa, and he therefore regarded her as his mother.  Scripture often refers to grandparents as parents.
+*A wife of [[David]], and daughter of [[Talmai]], King of [[Geshur]] (1 Chronicles 3:2), a near neighbor of the Maachathites.  David fathered [[Absalom]] and [[Tamar (daughter of David)|Tamar]] by her.
+*A King of [[Gath (city)|Gath]], to whose son, [[Achish]], [[Shimei]]'s servants fled early in [[Solomon]]'s reign ([[1 Kings 2]]:39). About a half-century earlier than this event, David had fled to [[Achish]], son of Maoch, King of Gath, with 600 men ([[1 Samuel 27]]:2). Still, the identification of Maacah is doubtful, though kinship is exceedingly probable.
-In either case, whether she was in fact his mother or grandmother, Maacah served as queen mother to [[Asa of Judah|Asa]]. Her chief function was senior counselor to the king. Maacah took a leadership role in the "Jerusalem cult," which worshiped local, non-Judaic gods, and when [[Asa of Judah|Asa]] reformed it he deposed Maacah for erecting an image for [[Asherah]].<ref name="Eerdman 2000">{{cite book|title=Eerdmans dictionary of the Bible|year=2000|publisher=Eerdman|location=Grand Rapids, Mich.|isbn=0802824005|edition=[Nachdr.]|editor=David Noel Freedman, Allen C. Myers, Astrid B. Beck}}</ref>
+* Daughter of [[Absalom]], favorite wife of [[Rehoboam]], mother of [[Abijah of Judah]], and grandmother of [[Asa of Judah]].  She served as [[Gebirah]] for Asa until he deposed her for idolatry.  ([[1 Kings 15]]:1-14, [[2 Chronicles 11]]:20-22, [[2 Chronicles 15]]:16)
+*The wife of [[Yechiel]]. ([[1 Chronicles 8]]:29)
-Maacah is also used in the [[Bible]] to refer to:
+*The father of Hanan, who was a man in David's army. (1 Chronicles 11:43)
-*A child of [[Abraham]]'s brother [[Nachor]], evidently a boy. (Gen. 22:23,24)
+*The father of [[Shephatiah]], an office man in David's time. (1 Chronicles 27:16)
-*The wife of [[Machir]], [[Manasseh (tribal patriarch)|Manasseh]]'s son. (1. Chr. 7:15-16)
-*One of the wives of [[Hezron]]'s son [[Caleb]]. (1. Chr 2:48)
-*A wife of David, and daughter of [[Talmai]], King of [[Geshur]] (ib. iii. 3), a near neighbor of the Maachathites.  David begat [[Absalom]] and [[Tamar (2 Samuel)|Tamar]] with her.
-*A King of [[Gath (city)|Gath]], to whose son, [[Achish]], [[Shimei]]'s servants fled early in [[Solomon]]'s reign (1. [[Books of Kings|Kings]] 2:39). About a half-century earlier than this event, David with 600 men had fled to Achish, son of [[Maoch]], King of Gath (1. Samuel 27:2); but the identification of Maoch is doubtful, though kinship is exceedingly probable.
-*The wife of [[Rehoboam]], King of [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]], and mother of [[Abijam]]; in 1. Kings 15:2 she is called the daughter (or granddaughter) of [[Abishalom]], but of "Absalom" in 2 Chronicles 11:20, 21. Hence, she was a granddaughter of King David's wife Maacah (above). She was removed from her position as queen mother by her grandson [[Asa of Judah|Asa]] (ib. xv. 16) because she had been involved in idolatry.
-*The wife of [[Jeiel]]. (1.Chr. 8:29)
-*The father of Hanan, who was a man in David's army. (1. Chr. 11:43)
-*The father of [[Shephatiah]], who was an office man in David's time. (1. Chr. 27:16)
 The name is also used to refer to:
-*A small [[Aramaeans|Aramean]] kingdom east of the [[Sea of Galilee]] (I [[Book of Chronicles|Chronicles]] 19:6). Its territory was in the region assigned to the half-tribe of [[Tribe of Manasseh|Manasseh]] east of the [[Jordan (river)|Jordan]]. Maacah, its king, became a mercenary of the [[Ammon]]ites in their war against [[David]] (II [[Books of Samuel|Samuel]] 10:6). It is probable that the city [[Abel-beth-maachah|Abel]] of Beth-maachah in [[Naphtali]] (ib. xx. 15) derived its name from its relation to this kingdom and people.
+*'''Aram-Maʿaka''', a small [[Aram (region)|Aramean kingdom]] east of the [[Sea of Galilee]] ([[1 Chronicles 19]]:6). Its territory was in the region assigned to the half-tribe of [[Tribe of Manasseh|Manasseh]] east of the [[Jordan River]]. Maacah, its king, became a mercenary of the [[Ammon]]ites in their war against [[David]] ([[2 Samuel 10]]:6). It is probable that the city [[Abel-beth-maachah]] in [[Naphtali]] ([[2 Samuel 10]]:15) derived its name from its relation to this kingdom and people.
 ==References==
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 ==Citations==
 {{Reflist}}
+{{Authority control}}
 [[Category:11th-century BC women]]
 [[Category:10th-century BC women]]
-[[Category:Women in the Old Testament]]
+[[Category:Book of Genesis people]]
-[[Category:Torah people]]
 [[Category:Hebrew Bible places]]
+[[Category:Jewish royalty]]
 [[Category:Wives of David]]
 [[Category:Aramean states]]
 [[Category:Queen mothers]]
 [[Category:Women in the Hebrew Bible]]
+[[Category:Absalom]]
+[[Category:Queens consort of Israel and Judah]]