La Jamais Contente: Difference between revisions

**La Jamais Contente**
La Jamais Contente
	Illustration of "La Jamais Contente", first automobile to reach 100 km/h in 1899
Overview
Manufacturer	Compagnie Internationale des transports automobiles électriques
Also called	The Never Satisfied
Production	1899
Powertrain
Engine	Electrical
Dimensions
Length	3.80 m (12.5 ft)
Width	1.56 m (5 ft 1 in)
Height	1.40 m (4 ft 7 in)
Curb weight	1,450 kg (3,200 lb)

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La Jamais Contente (French pronunciation: [la ʒamɛ kɔ̃tɑ̃t]; English: The Never Contented) was the first road vehicle to go over 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph). It was a Belgian electric vehicle with a light-alloy torpedo-shaped bodywork and batteries. The high position of the driver and the exposed chassis underneath spoiled much of the aerodynamics.^[2] The light alloy, called partinium, is a mixture of aluminium, tungsten and magnesium.^[3]

The land speed record was established on 29 April or 1 May 1899 at Achères, Yvelines near Paris, France. The vehicle had two Postel-Vinay 25 kW motors, each driving the rear axle via a chain, running at 200 V and drawing 124 A each,^[1]^[4] for about 68 hp total, and was equipped with Michelin tires. The chassis was number 25.

Today, it is on display at the National Car and Tourism Museum in Compiègne.^[5]

Driver

The vehicle was driven by the Belgian driver Camille Jenatzy. Camille was the son of Constant Jenatzy, a manufacturer of rubber products (rubber was still a novelty at the time). Camille had studied as an engineer, with an interest in electric-traction automobiles. He became known for his record-breaking speed runs and was nicknamed Le Diable Rouge ("The Red Devil") for the colour of his beard. He died in 1913, after being shot in a hunting accident.

Motivation

Wishing to carve a place in the then promising Parisian electric carriage market, Jenatzy started a manufacturing plant, which would produce many electric carriages and trucks. He competed fiercely against the carriage-maker Jeantaud in publicity stunts to see which of them made the fastest vehicles. In order to ensure the triumph of his company, Jenatzy built a bullet-shaped prototype, conceived by the carriage-maker Rothschild in partinium (an alloy of laminated aluminum, tungsten and magnesium).

Speed record

Jenatzy reached the speed of 105.882 kilometres per hour (65.792 mph), besting the previous record, held by Count Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat driving a Jeantaud, who had attained 92.78 kilometres per hour (57.65 mph) on 4 March 1899. After this exploit the gasoline-fuelled combustion engine would increasingly supplant electric technology for the next century.

The Jamais Contente is now on display at the automobile museum in Compiègne, France.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "La Jamais Contente" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-10-10.
^ Wheeling to 800 km/h, Tech Tidbits, May 9, 2005. Archived 2012-10-23 at the Wayback Machine
^ Bourgarit, David; Plateau, Jean (2005). "Quand l'aluminium valait de l'or : peut-on reconnaître un aluminium "chimique" d'un aluminium "électrolytique"?". ArchéoSciences (in French). 29 (29): 95–105. doi:10.4000/archeosciences.560. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
^ "EV Zero?". EV1 Club. Archived from the original on 2006-10-12. Retrieved 2006-10-18.
^ "Musées automobiles : Musée National de la Voiture et du Tourisme (Compiègne) | Moniteur Automobile". www.moniteurautomobile.be (in French). Retrieved 2023-10-12.

External links

(in French) National car and tourism museum in Compiègne

[pdf1-1] "La Jamais Contente" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-10-10.

[2] Wheeling to 800 km/h, Tech Tidbits, May 9, 2005. Archived 2012-10-23 at the Wayback Machine

[3] Bourgarit, David; Plateau, Jean (2005). "Quand l'aluminium valait de l'or : peut-on reconnaître un aluminium "chimique" d'un aluminium "électrolytique"?". ArchéoSciences (in French). 29 (29): 95–105. doi:10.4000/archeosciences.560. Retrieved 30 August 2011.

[4] "EV Zero?". EV1 Club. Archived from the original on 2006-10-12. Retrieved 2006-10-18.

[:0-5] "Musées automobiles : Musée National de la Voiture et du Tourisme (Compiègne) | Moniteur Automobile". www.moniteurautomobile.be (in French). Retrieved 2023-10-12.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 | transmission =
 | wheelbase =
-| length = {{convert|3.80|m|abbrv=on}}<ref name=pdf1/>
+| length = {{convert|3.80|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=pdf1/>
-| width = {{convert| 1.56|m|abbrv=on}}<ref name=pdf1/>
+| width = {{convert|1.56|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=pdf1/>
-| height = {{convert| 1.40|m|abbrv=on}}<ref name=pdf1/>
+| height = {{convert|1.40|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=pdf1/>
-| weight = {{convert|1450|kg|abbrv=on}}<ref name=pdf1/>
+| weight = {{convert|1450|kg|abbr=on}}<ref name=pdf1/>
 | related =
 | designer =
 }}
-[[File:Jamais Contente - Compiègne - 2011.JPG|thumb|right|300px|''La Jamais Contente'' on display in the [[Castle of Compiègne]]]]
+[[File:Jamais Contente (1899) Replique, Paris Motor Show 2018, IMG 0467.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''La Jamais Contente'' on display at the [[Paris Motor Show]] 2018]]
-[[File:La Jamais Contente Antrieb.JPG|thumb|right|300px| "La Jamais Contente" Detail: rear wheel, reconstruction of [[Museum Autovision]], [[Altlußheim]], [[Germany]].]]
+[[File:La Jamais Contente Antrieb.JPG|thumb|right|300px| "La Jamais Contente" Detail: rear wheel, reconstruction of [[Museum Autovision]], [[Altlußheim]], [[Germany]]]]
-'''''La Jamais Contente''''' ({{lang-en|The Never Satisfied}}) was the first road vehicle to go over {{convert|100|km/h}}. It was a Belgian  [[electric car|electric vehicle]] with a [[light alloy]] [[torpedo]] shaped bodywork and [[Battery (electricity)|batteries]]. The high position of the driver and the exposed chassis underneath spoiled much of the aerodynamics.<ref>[http://www.roadandtrack.com/column/wheeling-to-800-km-h Wheeling to 800 km/h - Tech Tidbits, May 9,2005]</ref> The light alloy, called partinium, is an alloy of [[aluminum]], [[tungsten]] and [[magnesium]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bourgarit|first=David|first2=Jean|last2= Plateau|title=Quand l'aluminium valait de l'or : peut-on reconnaître un aluminium "chimique" d'un aluminium "électrolytique"?|journal=ArchéoSciences|year=2005|volume=29|pages=95–105|url=http://archeosciences.revues.org/560|accessdate=30 August 2011|language=French}}</ref>
+'''''La Jamais Contente''''' ({{IPA|fr|la ʒamɛ kɔ̃tɑ̃t}}; {{langx|en|The Never Contented}}) was the first road vehicle to go over {{convert|100|km/h}}. It was a Belgian [[electric car|electric vehicle]] with a [[Aluminium alloy|light-alloy]] [[torpedo]]-shaped bodywork and [[Battery (electricity)|batteries]]. The high position of the driver and the exposed chassis underneath spoiled much of the aerodynamics.<ref>[http://www.roadandtrack.com/column/wheeling-to-800-km-h Wheeling to 800 km/h], Tech Tidbits, May 9, 2005. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023155909/http://www.roadandtrack.com/column/wheeling-to-800-km-h |date=2012-10-23 }}</ref> The light alloy, called partinium, is a mixture of [[aluminium]], [[tungsten]] and [[magnesium]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bourgarit |first=David |first2=Jean |last2=Plateau |title=Quand l'aluminium valait de l'or : peut-on reconnaître un aluminium "chimique" d'un aluminium "électrolytique"? |journal=ArchéoSciences |year=2005 |volume=29 |issue=29 |pages=95–105 |doi=10.4000/archeosciences.560 |url=http://archeosciences.revues.org/560 |accessdate=30 August 2011 |language=French|doi-access=free }}</ref>
-The [[land speed record]] was established on April 29 or May 1, 1899 at [[Achères, Yvelines]] near [[Paris]], [[France]].  The vehicle had two direct drive Postel-Vinay 25&nbsp;kW motors, running at 200 V drawing 124 Amperes each <ref name=pdf1>{{cite web | title= La Jamais Contente | url = http://www.e-mobile.ch/pdf/2005/Fact-Sheet_LaJamaisContente_FW.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = EV Zero? | publisher = EV1 Club | url = http://ev1-club.power.net/torpedo.htm | accessdate = 2006-10-18 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20061012220024/http://ev1-club.power.net/torpedo.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2006-10-12}}</ref> for about 68&nbsp;hp, and was equipped with [[Michelin]] [[tires]]. Chassis number was n°25.
+The [[land speed record]] was established on 29 April or 1 May 1899 at [[Achères, Yvelines]] near [[Paris]], [[France]].  The vehicle had two Postel-Vinay 25&nbsp;[[kilowatt|kW]] motors, each driving the rear axle via a chain, running at 200&nbsp;[[volt|V]] and drawing 124&nbsp;[[ampere|A]] each,<ref name=pdf1>{{cite web | title= La Jamais Contente | url= http://www.e-mobile.ch/pdf/2005/Fact-Sheet_LaJamaisContente_FW.pdf | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20061010140242/http://www.e-mobile.ch/pdf/2005/Fact-Sheet_LaJamaisContente_FW.pdf | url-status= dead | archive-date= 2006-10-10 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=EV Zero? |publisher=EV1 Club |url=http://ev1-club.power.net/torpedo.htm |accessdate=2006-10-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061012220024/http://ev1-club.power.net/torpedo.htm |archivedate=2006-10-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref> for about 68&nbsp;[[horsepower|hp]] total, and was equipped with [[Michelin]] [[tires]]. The chassis was number 25.
+Today, it is on display at the [[National Car and Tourism Museum]] in [[Compiègne]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Musées automobiles : Musée National de la Voiture et du Tourisme (Compiègne) {{!}} Moniteur Automobile |url=https://www.moniteurautomobile.be/actu-auto/loisirs/musees-automobiles-musee-national-de-la-voiture-et-du-tourisme-compiegne.html |access-date=2023-10-12 |website=www.moniteurautomobile.be |language=fr}}</ref>
 == Driver ==
-The vehicle was driven by the  [[Belgian]] driver [[Camille Jenatzy]]. Camille was the son of Constant Jenatzy, a manufacturer of [[rubber]] products (rubber was still a novelty at the time). Camille had studied as an [[engineer]], with an interest in electric traction automobiles. He became known for his record-breaking speed runs, and was nicknamed ''Le Diable Rouge'' ("The Red Devil") for the colour of his beard. He died in 1913, after being shot in a hunting accident.
+The vehicle was driven by the [[Belgians|Belgian]] driver [[Camille Jenatzy]]. Camille was the son of Constant Jenatzy, a manufacturer of [[rubber]] products (rubber was still a novelty at the time). Camille had studied as an [[engineer]], with an interest in electric-traction automobiles. He became known for his record-breaking speed runs and was nicknamed {{lang|fr|Le Diable Rouge}} ("The Red Devil") for the colour of his beard. He died in 1913, after being shot in a hunting accident.
 == Motivation ==
-Willing to carve a place in the then promising Parisian electric carriage market, Jenatzy started a manufacturing plant which would produce many electric carriages and trucks.  He fiercely competed against carriage maker [[Jeantaud]] in publicity stunts to see which made the fastest vehicles.  In order to assure the triumph of his company, Jenatzy built a bullet shaped prototype, conceived by the carriage maker Rothschild in ''partinium'' (an alloy of laminated aluminum, tungsten and magnesium).
+Wishing to carve a place in the then promising Parisian electric carriage market, Jenatzy started a manufacturing plant, which would produce many electric carriages and trucks.  He competed fiercely against the carriage-maker [[Jeantaud]] in publicity stunts to see which of them made the fastest vehicles.  In order to ensure the triumph of his company, Jenatzy built a bullet-shaped prototype, conceived by the carriage-maker Rothschild in ''partinium'' (an alloy of laminated aluminum, tungsten and magnesium).
-== Speed Record ==
+== Speed record ==
-Jenatzy reached the speed of {{convert|105.882|km/h}}, besting the previous record, held by Count [[Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat]] driving a Jeantaud, who had attained {{convert|92.78|km/h}} on March 4, 1899. After this exploit the [[gasoline]]-fuelled [[Internal combustion engine|combustion engine]] would increasingly supplant electric technology for the next [[century]].
+Jenatzy reached the speed of {{convert|105.882|km/h}}, besting the previous record, held by Count [[Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat]] driving a Jeantaud, who had attained {{convert|92.78|km/h}} on 4 March 1899. After this exploit the [[gasoline]]-fuelled [[Internal combustion engine|combustion engine]] would increasingly supplant electric technology for the next [[century]].
 The ''Jamais Contente'' is now on display at the automobile museum in [[Compiègne]], [[France]].
 == See also ==
-*[[Land speed record]]
+* [[Land speed record]]
 ; Other land speed record electric automobiles
 * [[Buckeye Bullet]] (2004)
@@ Line 52: / Line 54: @@
 == References ==
 {{reflist}}
+{{more citations needed|date=June 2019}}
 == External links ==
 {{Commons category|La Jamais Contente}}
+* {{in lang|fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20031018202522/http://www.musee-chateau-compiegne.fr/pages/page_id18926_u1l2.htm National car and tourism museum in Compiègne]
-* {{fr}} [http://www.e-mobile.ch/pdf/2005/Fact-Sheet_LaJamaisContente_FW.pdf ''La Jamais Contente'' - fact sheet]
-* {{fr}} [http://www.musee-chateau-compiegne.fr/pages/page_id18926_u1l2.htm National car and tourism museum in Compiègne]
+{{portal bar|Automobile|Belgium}}
 [[Category:Electric land speed record cars]]
-[[Category:Historic electric vehicles]]
+[[Category:Electric vehicles introduced in the 20th century]]
 [[Category:Belgian inventions]]