Symphyotrichum shortii: Difference between revisions
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Changing short description from "Species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to North America" to "Species of flowering plant in family Asteraceae" |
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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant in family Asteraceae}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}} |
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{{speciesbox |
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{{Use shortened footnotes|date=July 2021}} |
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|image = Symphyotrichum shortii.jpg |
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{{Use American English|date=July 2021}} |
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|genus = Symphyotrichum |
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{{Speciesbox |
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|species = shortii |
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| image = Symphyotrichum shortii (cropped).jpg |
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|authority = ([[Lindl.]]) [[Guy L. Nesom|G.L. Nesom]] |
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| range_map = Symphyotrichum shortii distribution.png |
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| range_map_alt = Symphyotrichum shortii native distribution map: Canada — Ontario; US — Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. |
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| range_map_caption = Native distribution{{sfn|POWO|2019}} |
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| status = G5 |
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| status_system = TNC |
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| status_ref = {{sfn|NatureServe|2021}} |
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| display_parents = 5 |
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| parent = Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum |
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| genus = Symphyotrichum |
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| species = shortii |
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| authority = ([[John Lindley|Lindl.]]) [[Guy L. Nesom|G.L.Nesom]]{{sfn|POWO|2019}} |
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| synonyms_ref = {{sfn|POWO|2019}} |
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| synonyms = |
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'''Basionym'''<br/> |
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*''Aster shortii'' {{small|Lindl. ex [[William Jackson Hooker|Hook.]]}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Alphabetical list |
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|{{Species list |
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| Aster camptosorus | [[John Kunkel Small|Small]] |
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| Aster shortii f. asper | [[Lloyd Herbert Shinners|Shinners]] |
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| Aster shortii subsp. azureus | (Lindl. ex Hook.) [[Charlotte J. Avers|Avers]] |
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| Aster shortii var. camptosorus | (Small) [[Daniel Bertram Ward|D.B.Ward]] |
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| Aster shortii f. candidus | [[Hermann Conrad Benke|Benke]] |
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| Aster shortii f. gronemannii | Benke |
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| Aster shortii var. monroei | Benke |
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| Symphyotrichum shortii f. gronemannii | (Benke) [[Gerould Wilhelm|G.Wilh.]] & [[Laura Rericha|Rericha]] |
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|}} |
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}} |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''Symphyotrichum shortii''''', commonly called '''Short's aster''', |
'''''Symphyotrichum shortii''''' (formerly ''Aster shortii''), commonly called '''Short's aster''',{{sfn|USDA |2014}} is a species of flowering plant in the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Asteraceae]]. It is [[Native plant|native]] to North America, where it is primarily found in interior areas east of the [[Mississippi River]].{{sfn|Brouillet|Semple|Allen|Chambers|2006b}} Its natural habitat is in thin rocky soils of woodlands and thickets often around limestone bluffs.{{sfn|Hilty|2016}}{{sfn|Brouillet|Semple|Allen|Chambers|2006b}} It is common throughout much of its range, although it is generally restricted to intact natural communities.{{sfn|Hilty|2016}} |
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==Description== |
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''Symphyotrichum shortii'' is an herbaceous perennial, growing up to 3½ feet. It produces heads of flowers with purple rays in late summer and fall. Unlike many related ''Symphyotrichum'', its stem leaves are essentially entire, and do not have a winged petiole. It bears a resemblance to the related ''[[Symphyotrichum oolentangiense]]'' of farther west, from which ''S. shortii'' can be distinguished by its cordate stem leaves and glabrous phyllaries.<ref name=Weakley>{{cite web |url=http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm |title= Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States |author= Alan Weakley |date= 2015}}</ref> |
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''Symphyotrichum shortii'' is a [[Perennial plant|perennial]] [[herbaceous plant]] growing up to {{convert|3.5|ft|cm|abbr=off|sp=us|order=flip}}. It produces [[flower head]]s with purple [[ray floret]]s in late summer and fall. Unlike many related ''Symphyotrichum'' species, its stem leaves are essentially [[Entire (botany)|entire]] and do not have a winged [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]]. It bears a resemblance to the related ''[[Symphyotrichum oolentangiense]]'' of farther west, from which ''S. shortii'' can be distinguished by its [[Cordate (leaf shape)|cordate]] stem leaves and [[Pubescent (botany)|pubescent]] [[phyllaries]].{{sfn|Weakley|2020}} |
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<gallery mode=packed heights=110px> |
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The taxonomy of ''Symphyotrichum'' remains poorly understood, with the relationships between the taxa unclear.<ref name=Missouri>{{cite book |last=Yatskievych |first=George |date=2006 |title=Flora of Missouri, Volume 2 |url= |location= |publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden Press |pages=278 |isbn= |author-link= }}</ref> |
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Symphyotrichum shortii.jpg |
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Symphyotrichum shortii 98260493.jpg |
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Symphyotrichum shortii 98260509.jpg |
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Symphyotrichum shortii 25473217.jpg |
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Symphyotrichum shortii 98260436.jpg |
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</gallery> |
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===Chromosomes=== |
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''S. shortii'' has a [[Ploidy|base number]] of eight [[chromosome]]s ('''''x'''''{{Nbsp}}{{=}}{{Nbsp}}8). [[Diploid]] and [[tetraploid]] plants with respective chromosome counts of 16 and 32 have been reported.{{sfn|Brouillet|Semple|Allen|Chambers|2006a}} |
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==Taxonomy== |
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The species was first [[Species description|formally described]] and [[Scientific name|named]] ''Aster shortii'' by English botanist [[John Lindley]] in 1834.{{sfn|IPNI|2021}} A natural hybrid of ''[[Symphyotrichum cordifolium|S. cordifolium]]'' and ''S. shortii'' can occur, and this has been [[Hybrid name|named]] ''Symphyotrichum'' × ''finkii''.{{sfn|Brouillet|Semple|Allen|Chambers|2006a}} |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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''Symphyotrichum shortii'' is [[Native plant|native]] to North America, where it is primarily found in interior areas east of the [[Mississippi River]].{{sfn|Brouillet|Semple|Allen|Chambers|2006b}} Its natural habitat is in thin rocky soils of woodlands and thickets often around limestone bluffs.{{sfn|Hilty|2016}}{{sfn|Brouillet|Semple|Allen|Chambers|2006b}} It is common throughout much of its range, although it is generally restricted to intact natural communities.{{sfn|Hilty|2016}} |
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==Citations== |
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{{Reflist|20em}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{refbegin}} |
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{{Reflist}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q15555506}} |
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*{{Cite eFloras |
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| 1 |
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| 250067634 |
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| Symphyotrichum cordifolium |
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| tribe = Astereae |
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| volume = 20 |
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| date = 2006a |
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| last1 = Brouillet | first1 = L. | author-link1 = Luc Brouillet |
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| last2 = Semple | first2 = J.C. | author-link2 = John C. Semple |
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| last3 = Allen | first3 = G.A. | author-link3 = Geraldine A. Allen |
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| last4 = Chambers | first4 = K.L. | author-link4 = Kenton Lee Chambers |
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| last5 = Sundberg | first5 = S.D. | author-link5 = Scott D. Sundberg |
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| language = en |
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| access-date = 23 July 2021 |
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}} |
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*{{Cite eFloras |
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| 1 |
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| 250067685 |
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| Symphyotrichum shortii |
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| tribe = Astereae |
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| volume = 20 |
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| date = 2006b |
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| last1 = Brouillet | first1 = L. | author-link1 = Luc Brouillet |
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| last2 = Semple | first2 = J.C. | author-link2 = John C. Semple |
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| last3 = Allen | first3 = G.A. | author-link3 = Geraldine A. Allen |
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| last4 = Chambers | first4 = K.L. | author-link4 = Kenton Lee Chambers |
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| last5 = Sundberg | first5 = S.D. | author-link5 = Scott D. Sundberg |
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| language = en |
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| access-date = 23 July 2021 |
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}} |
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*{{Cite Illinois Wildflowers |
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|woodland |
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|plants |
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|short_aster |
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|Short's Aster (''Symphyotrichum shortii'') |
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| date = 2016 |
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| first1 = J. |
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| ref = {{SfnRef|Hilty|2016}} |
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| website = Illinois Wildflowers (www.illinoiswildflowers.info) |
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| access-date = 23 July 2021 |
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}} |
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*{{Cite IPNI | ref = {{Sfnref|IPNI|2021}} |
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| id = 182301-1 |
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| taxon = Aster shortii |
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| authority = Lindl. ex Hook. |
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| accessdate = 23 July 2021 |
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}} |
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*{{Cite web |
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| author1 = NatureServe | author-link1 = NatureServe |
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| date = 2 July 2021 |
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| title = ''Symphyotrichum shortii'' Short's Aster |
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| url = https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.152994/Symphyotrichum_shortii |
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| website = explorer.natureserve.org |
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| location = Arlington, Virginia |
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| language = en |
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| access-date = 7 July 2021 |
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}} |
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*{{Cite POWO |
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| id = 981899-1 |
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| last = POWO |
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| date = 2019 |
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| title = ''Symphyotrichum shortii'' (Lindl.) G.L.Nesom |
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| language = en |
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| access-date = 7 July 2021 |
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}} |
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*{{Cite PLANTS|ref = {{sfnRef|USDA|2014}} |
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| date = 2014 |
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| id = SYSH |
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| taxon = Symphyotrichum shortii |
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| language = en |
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| access-date = 3 July 2018 |
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}} |
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*{{Cite book |
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| last1 = Weakley | first1 = A. | author-link1 = Alan Stuart Weakley |
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| date = 20 October 2020 |
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| page = 1582 |
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| title = Flora of the Southeastern United States |
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| publisher = [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina]] |
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| location = [[Chapel Hill, North Carolina|Chapel Hill]] |
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| url = https://ncbg.unc.edu/research/unc-herbarium/floras/ |
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| via = ncbg.unc.edu |
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| language = en |
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| access-date = 7 July 2021 |
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}} |
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{{refend}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from1=Q15555506|from2=Q38783181}} |
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[[Category:Symphyotrichum|shortii]] |
[[Category:Symphyotrichum|shortii]] |
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[[Category:Flora of Ontario]] |
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[[Category:Flora of the United States]] |
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[[Category:Plants used in traditional Native American medicine]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in 1834]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by John Lindley]] |
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Latest revision as of 05:24, 21 October 2024
| Symphyotrichum shortii | |
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.jpg)
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Tribe: | Astereae |
| Subtribe: | Symphyotrichinae |
| Genus: | Symphyotrichum |
| Subgenus: | Symphyotrichum subg. Symphyotrichum |
| Section: | Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum |
| Species: | S. shortii
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| Binomial name | |
| Symphyotrichum shortii | |
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| Native distribution[2] | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Basionym
Alphabetical list
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Symphyotrichum shortii (formerly Aster shortii), commonly called Short's aster,[3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America, where it is primarily found in interior areas east of the Mississippi River.[4] Its natural habitat is in thin rocky soils of woodlands and thickets often around limestone bluffs.[5][4] It is common throughout much of its range, although it is generally restricted to intact natural communities.[5]
Description
[edit]Symphyotrichum shortii is a perennial herbaceous plant growing up to 110 centimeters (3.5 feet). It produces flower heads with purple ray florets in late summer and fall. Unlike many related Symphyotrichum species, its stem leaves are essentially entire and do not have a winged petiole. It bears a resemblance to the related Symphyotrichum oolentangiense of farther west, from which S. shortii can be distinguished by its cordate stem leaves and pubescent phyllaries.[6]
Chromosomes
[edit]S. shortii has a base number of eight chromosomes (x = 8). Diploid and tetraploid plants with respective chromosome counts of 16 and 32 have been reported.[7]
Taxonomy
[edit]The species was first formally described and named Aster shortii by English botanist John Lindley in 1834.[8] A natural hybrid of S. cordifolium and S. shortii can occur, and this has been named Symphyotrichum × finkii.[7]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Symphyotrichum shortii is native to North America, where it is primarily found in interior areas east of the Mississippi River.[4] Its natural habitat is in thin rocky soils of woodlands and thickets often around limestone bluffs.[5][4] It is common throughout much of its range, although it is generally restricted to intact natural communities.[5]
Citations
[edit]- ^ NatureServe 2021.
- ^ a b c POWO 2019.
- ^ USDA 2014.
- ^ a b c d Brouillet et al. 2006b.
- ^ a b c d Hilty 2016.
- ^ Weakley 2020.
- ^ a b Brouillet et al. 2006a.
- ^ IPNI 2021.
References
[edit]- Brouillet, L.; Semple, J.C.; Allen, G.A.; Chambers, K.L.; Sundberg, S.D. (2006a). "Symphyotrichum cordifolium". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 20. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- Brouillet, L.; Semple, J.C.; Allen, G.A.; Chambers, K.L.; Sundberg, S.D. (2006b). "Symphyotrichum shortii". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 20. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- Hilty, J. (2016). "Short's Aster (Symphyotrichum shortii)". Illinois Wildflowers (www.illinoiswildflowers.info). Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- "Aster shortii Lindl. ex Hook". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- NatureServe (2 July 2021). "Symphyotrichum shortii Short's Aster". explorer.natureserve.org. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- POWO (2019). "Symphyotrichum shortii (Lindl.) G.L.Nesom". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- NRCS (2014). "Symphyotrichum shortii". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 3 July 2018.
- Weakley, A. (20 October 2020). Flora of the Southeastern United States. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina. p. 1582. Retrieved 7 July 2021 – via ncbg.unc.edu.