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The Franco-British Exhibition was a large public fair held in London between 14 May and 31 October 1908. It was the first in the series of the White City Exhibitions. The exhibition attracted 8 million visitors and celebrated the Entente Cordiale signed in 1904 by the United Kingdom and France. The chief architect of the buildings was John Belcher.^[1]

The Exhibition was held in an area of west London near Shepherd's Bush which is now called White City: the area acquired its name from the exhibition buildings which were all painted white. The 1908 Summer Olympics fencing events were held in the district alongside the festivities.^[2]

Attractions

The fair was the first international exhibition co-organised and sponsored by two countries. It covered an area of some 140 acres (57 hectares), including an artificial lake, surrounded by an immense network of white buildings in elaborate (often Oriental) styles.

The most popular attractions at the exhibition were the two so-called "colonial villages"—an "Irish village" and a "Senegalese village", which were designed to communicate the success of imperialism. The Irish village ("Ballymaclinton") was inhabited by 150 "colleens" (Irish girls) who demonstrated various forms of domestic industry, as well as displays of manufacturing and even an art gallery. The "Senegalese village" was a so-called "native village" displaying day-to-day life, as well as various artefacts. Press reports commented on the "surprising cleanliness" of the Irish, while readers were reminded that the Senegalese were "cleaner than they looked".^[3]^[4]

Also exhibited was Locomotive No.516 from the South Eastern & Chatham Railway (SE&CR) with a tri-composite railway brake carriage.^[5]

Limericks were used to advertise this event:

A maiden of coy disposition,

Met her fate at the Bush Exhibition,

When his great love he told her,

Placed her head on his shoulder,

And enjoyed the happier position.

In an Anglo-French section one night,

A Youth met a Maiden, gay and bright,

But her idea of pleasure,

Was of such boundless measure,

He left with heart heavy – purse light.

In 1937, a large portion of the White City site was cleared to make way for a housing estate. During the clearance, the Flip Flap, and a number of other White City structures, were sold for scrap to the steel firm George Cohen, Sons and Co Limited—the same company who had dismantled the Great Wheel of the Earl's Court Exhibition,^[6] and went on to dismantle the Skylon, dome, and ten other buildings, at the Festival of Britain site in 1952.

Balloon accident

On 14 August 1908, a balloon owned by American balloonist Captain Thomas Turpin Lovelace (1873–1964) exploded at the exhibition, killing his 18-year-old secretary and a male employee.^[7] Six others were injured, including a 47-year-old employee who died days after the accident.^[8] Newspaper reports indicated that the explosion occurred when a lighted match was thrown to the ground during preparations for a flight.

In literature and popular culture

Neil Munro gives a satirical account of a visit to the Franco-British Exhibition in his Erchie Macpherson story "At the Franco-British Exhibition" first published in the Glasgow Evening News of 4 July 1908.^[9]

Site today

After being used for four more exhibitions up to 1914, the site fell into disrepair and was unused for over twenty years. It was then demolished bit by bit to make way for various developments over the last century. First in the 1930s the housing estate in the North of the site, now centred on Commonwealth Avenue, then the Territorial Army (TA) took over a corner on South Africa Road in WW2, The BBC took over much of the remaining site from the 1950s onwards with the BBC Television Centre (now itself being developed into the 'Television Centre' flats, studios and retail), BBC Media Village and BBC Worldwide buildings and in the early 2000s the last buildings on the East of Wood Lane were demolished to make way for the Westfield London development.

Only the internal structure of the TA building on South Africa Road remains from the numerous halls and ornate buildings of the original exhibition. Hammersmith Park, at the north of Frithville Gardens, was once part of the Japanese Garden, and is the only part of the 1908 exhibition site still visible. A small area of tiling preserved from the Garden could be seen inside the main Television Centre site adjacent to the Studio 1 Audience Entrance. The White City Stadium site, in Wood Lane adjacent to the Westway overpass and once part of the Exhibition, is now occupied by the BBC Media Village.

References

^ McInnes, Ian (21 March 2012). "Who was Who in Dulwich by Ian McInnes - John Belcher junior RA (1841-1913)". The Dulwich Society. The Dulwich Society. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
^ 1908 Summer Olympics official report. p. 127.
^ Madeline Holt interviewing Miranda Carter. Edited by Peter Barron. (14 May 2008). "Section: White City". Newsnight. 42 minutes in. BBC Two.
^ Shahmima, Akhtar (19 October 2015). "The Irish Village of Ballymaclinton". Modern British Studies Birmingham. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
^ 'Railways - A History in Drawings' by Christopher Valkoinen, Thames & Hudson
^ The Times. Feb 2 1937 p. 14.
^ "Balloon explodes; two dead, six hurt" (PDF). The New York Times. 15 August 1908. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
^ Cawsey, Richard (14 April 2016). "A list of fatal air accidents in Britain 1786 - 1916". Retrieved 3 August 2016.
^ Munro, Neil, "At the Franco-British Exhibition", in Osborne, Brian D. & Armstrong, Ronald (eds.) (2002), Erchie, My Droll Friend, Birlinn Limited, Edinburgh, pp. 335 - 338, ISBN 9781841582023

Bibliography

Franco-British Exhibition, London 1908. Official Guide, London: Bemrose & Sons Ltd, 1908
Franco-British Exhibition, London, 1908. Fine Arts Catalogue, London: Bemrose & Sons Ltd, 1908
Geppert, Alexander C.T., Fleeting Cities. Imperial Expositions in Fin-de-Siècle Europe, Basingstoke/New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. ISBN 978-0-230-22164-2
Gill, Andrew, The Franco-British 'White City' London Exhibition of 1908, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015
Knight, Donald R., The Exhibitions: Great White City Shepherds Bush London: 70th Anniversary 1908-1978, London: privately published, 1978
Knight, Donald R., The Exhibitions: Great White City, Shepherds Bush, London: 100th Anniversary of the Franco-British Exhibition, 1908 - 2008, London: privately published, 2008

External links

51°30′44″N 0°13′46″W / 51.51222°N 0.22944°W / 51.51222; -0.22944

[Dulwich-1] McInnes, Ian (21 March 2012). "Who was Who in Dulwich by Ian McInnes - John Belcher junior RA (1841-1913)". The Dulwich Society. The Dulwich Society. Retrieved 24 August 2016.

[2] 1908 Summer Olympics official report. p. 127.

[3] Madeline Holt interviewing Miranda Carter. Edited by Peter Barron. (14 May 2008). "Section: White City". Newsnight. 42 minutes in. BBC Two.

[4] Shahmima, Akhtar (19 October 2015). "The Irish Village of Ballymaclinton". Modern British Studies Birmingham. Retrieved 28 July 2023.

[5] 'Railways - A History in Drawings' by Christopher Valkoinen, Thames & Hudson

[6] The Times. Feb 2 1937 p. 14.

[London-7] "Balloon explodes; two dead, six hurt" (PDF). The New York Times. 15 August 1908. Retrieved 1 August 2016.

[8] Cawsey, Richard (14 April 2016). "A list of fatal air accidents in Britain 1786 - 1916". Retrieved 3 August 2016.

[9] Munro, Neil, "At the Franco-British Exhibition", in Osborne, Brian D. & Armstrong, Ronald (eds.) (2002), Erchie, My Droll Friend, Birlinn Limited, Edinburgh, pp. 335 - 338, ISBN 9781841582023

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Exhibition (World's Fair) held in London}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
 [[Image:Franco-British Exhibition.jpg|thumb|240px|Bird's eye view of the exhibition area]]
-The '''Franco-British Exhibition''' was a large public [[World's fair|fair]] held in London between 14 May and 31 October 1908. The exhibition attracted 8 million visitors and celebrated the [[Entente Cordiale]] signed in 1904 by the United Kingdom and France. The chief architect of the buildings was [[John Belcher (architect)|John Belcher]].<ref name="Dulwich">{{cite web|last1=McInnes|first1=Ian|title=Who was Who in Dulwich by Ian McInnes - John Belcher junior RA (1841-1913)|url=http://www.dulwichsociety.com/newsletters/40-winter-2006/263-john-belcher|website=The Dulwich Society|publisher=The Dulwich Society|accessdate=24 August 2016|date=21 March 2012}}</ref>
+The '''Franco-British Exhibition''' was a large public [[World's fair|fair]] held in London between 14 May and 31 October 1908. It was the first in the series of the White City Exhibitions. The exhibition attracted 8 million visitors and celebrated the [[Entente Cordiale]] signed in 1904 by the United Kingdom and France. The chief architect of the buildings was [[John Belcher (architect)|John Belcher]].<ref name="Dulwich">{{cite web|last1=McInnes|first1=Ian|title=Who was Who in Dulwich by Ian McInnes - John Belcher junior RA (1841-1913)|url=http://www.dulwichsociety.com/newsletters/40-winter-2006/263-john-belcher|website=The Dulwich Society|publisher=The Dulwich Society|access-date=24 August 2016|date=21 March 2012}}</ref>
 The Exhibition was held in an area of west London near [[Shepherd's Bush]] which is now called [[White City, London|White City]]: the area acquired its name from the exhibition buildings which were all painted white. The [[1908 Summer Olympics]] [[Fencing at the 1908 Summer Olympics|fencing]] events were held in the district alongside the festivities.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222443/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1908/1908.pdf 1908 Summer Olympics official report.] p. 127.</ref>
@@ Line 6: / Line 8: @@
 ==Attractions==
 [[File:Franco-British Exhibition 1908 souvenir stamp.JPG|thumbnail|right|Franco–British Exhibition 1908 souvenir stamp]]
-The fair was the largest exhibition of its kind in Britain, and the first international exhibition co-organised and sponsored by two countries. It covered an area of some {{convert|140|acre|km2}}, including an artificial lake, surrounded by an immense network of white buildings in elaborate (often Oriental) styles.
+The fair was the first international exhibition co-organised and sponsored by two countries. It covered an area of some {{convert|140|acre|ha|abbr=off}}, including an artificial lake, surrounded by an immense network of white buildings in elaborate (often Oriental) styles.
-The most popular attractions at the exhibition were the two so-called "colonial villages"—an "Irish village" and a "Senegalese village", which were designed to communicate the success of imperialism. The Irish village ("Ballymaclinton") was inhabited by 150 "colleens" (Irish girls) who demonstrated various forms of domestic industry, as well as displays of manufacturing and even an art gallery. The "Senegalese village" was a so-called "native village" displaying day-to-day life, as well as various artefacts. Press reports commented on the "surprising cleanliness" of the Irish, while readers were reminded that the Senegalese were "cleaner than they looked".<ref>{{cite episode
+The most popular attractions at the exhibition were the two so-called "colonial villages"—an "[[Ireland|Irish]] village" and a "[[Senegal]]ese village", which were designed to communicate the success of [[imperialism]]. The Irish village ("Ballymaclinton") was inhabited by 150 "colleens" (Irish girls) who demonstrated various forms of domestic industry, as well as displays of manufacturing and even an art gallery. The "Senegalese village" was a so-called "native village" displaying day-to-day life, as well as various artefacts. Press reports commented on the "surprising cleanliness" of the Irish, while readers were reminded that the Senegalese were "cleaner than they looked".<ref>{{cite episode
 | title        = Section: White City
-| episodelink  =
-| url          =
 | series       = [[Newsnight]]
-| serieslink   =
 | credits      = Madeline Holt interviewing Miranda Carter. Edited by Peter Barron.
 | network      = [[BBC Two]]
-| station      =
-| city         =
 | airdate      = 2008-05-14
-| began        =
-| ended        =
-| season       =
-| number       =
 | minutes      = 42
+}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shahmima |first=Akhtar |date=2015-10-19 |title=The Irish Village of Ballymaclinton |url=https://mbsbham.wordpress.com/2015/10/19/the-irish-village-of-ballymaclinton/ |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=Modern British Studies Birmingham |language=en}}</ref>
-| transcript   =
-| transcripturl=
+Also exhibited was Locomotive No.516 from the [[South Eastern & Chatham Railway]] (SE&CR) with a tri-composite [[railway brake]] carriage.<ref>'Railways - A History in Drawings' by Christopher Valkoinen, Thames & Hudson</ref>
-}}</ref>
 Limericks were used to advertise this event:
@@ Line 42: / Line 35: @@
 :He left with heart heavy – purse light.
-In 1937, a large portion of the White City site was cleared to make way for a housing estate. During the clearance, the Flip Flap, and a number of other White City structures, were sold for scrap to the steel firm George Cohen, Sons and Co Limited—the same company who had dismantled the Great Wheel of the Earl's Court Exhibition,<ref>''The Times''. Feb 2 1937 p. 14.</ref> and went on to dismantle the [[Skylon (tower)|Skylon]], dome, and ten other buildings, at the [[Festival of Britain]] site in 1952.
+In 1937, a large portion of the White City site was cleared to make way for a housing estate. During the clearance, the Flip Flap, and a number of other White City structures, were sold for scrap to the steel firm George Cohen, Sons and Co Limited—the same company who had dismantled the Great Wheel of the [[Earl's Court Exhibition]],<ref>''The Times''. Feb 2 1937 p. 14.</ref> and went on to dismantle the [[Skylon (tower)|Skylon]], dome, and ten other buildings, at the [[Festival of Britain]] site in 1952.
 ==Balloon accident==
-On 14 August, a balloon owned by American balloonist Capt. Lovelace exploded at the exhibition, killing his 18-year-old secretary and a male employee.<ref name="London">{{cite news |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1908/08/15/104748065.pdf |title=Balloon explodes; two dead, six hurt |date=15 August 1908 |work=[[New York Times]] |access-date=1 August 2016}}</ref> Six others were injured, including a 47-year-old employee who died days after the accident.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.rcawsey.co.uk/Acc1916.htm | title = A list of fatal air accidents in Britain 1786 - 1916 | date = 14 Apr 2016 | first = Richard | last = Cawsey | accessdate = 3 August 2016}}</ref> Newspaper reports indicated that the explosion occurred when a lighted match was thrown to the ground during preparations for a flight.
+On 14 August 1908, a balloon owned by American balloonist Captain Thomas Turpin Lovelace (1873–1964) exploded at the exhibition, killing his 18-year-old secretary and a male employee.<ref name="London">{{cite news |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1908/08/15/104748065.pdf |title=Balloon explodes; two dead, six hurt |date=15 August 1908 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=1 August 2016}}</ref> Six others were injured, including a 47-year-old employee who died days after the accident.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.rcawsey.co.uk/Acc1916.htm | title = A list of fatal air accidents in Britain 1786 - 1916 | date = 14 Apr 2016 | first = Richard | last = Cawsey | access-date = 3 August 2016}}</ref> Newspaper reports indicated that the explosion occurred when a lighted match was thrown to the ground during preparations for a flight.
+==In literature and popular culture==
+[[Neil Munro (writer)|Neil Munro]] gives a satirical account of a visit to the Franco-British Exhibition in his Erchie Macpherson story "At the Franco-British Exhibition" first published in the ''[[Glasgow Evening News]]'' of 4 July 1908.<ref>Munro, Neil, "At the Franco-British Exhibition", in Osborne, Brian D. & Armstrong, Ronald (eds.) (2002), ''Erchie, My Droll Friend'', [[Birlinn Limited]], Edinburgh, pp. 335 - 338, {{isbn|9781841582023}}</ref>
 ==Site today==
+{{unreferenced section|date=June 2021}}
-After being used for four more exhibitions up to 1914, the site fell into disrepair and was unused for over twenty years. It was then demolished bit by bit to make way for various developments over the last century. First in the 1930s the housing estate in the North of the site, now centred on Commonwealth Avenue, then the TA took over a corner on South Africa Road in WW2, The BBC took over much of the remaining site from the 1950s onwards with the BBC Television Centre (now itself being developed into the 'Television Centre' flats, studios and retail), BBC Media Village and BBC Worldwide buildings and in the early 2000s the last buildings on the East of Wood Lane were demolished to make way for the Westfield development.
+After being used for four more exhibitions up to 1914, the site fell into disrepair and was unused for over twenty years. It was then demolished bit by bit to make way for various developments over the last century. First in the 1930s the housing estate in the North of the site, now centred on Commonwealth Avenue, then the [[Army Reserve (United Kingdom)|Territorial Army]] (TA) took over a corner on South Africa Road in WW2, The BBC took over much of the remaining site from the 1950s onwards with the BBC Television Centre (now itself being developed into the 'Television Centre' flats, studios and retail), BBC Media Village and BBC Worldwide buildings and in the early 2000s the last buildings on the East of Wood Lane were demolished to make way for the [[Westfield London]] development.
 Only the internal structure of the TA building on South Africa Road remains from the numerous halls and ornate buildings of the original exhibition. Hammersmith Park, at the north of Frithville Gardens, was once part of the Japanese Garden, and is the only part of the 1908 exhibition site still visible.  A small area of tiling preserved from the Garden could be seen inside the main Television Centre site adjacent to the Studio 1 Audience Entrance.  The [[White City Stadium]] site, in Wood Lane adjacent to the Westway overpass and once part of the Exhibition, is now occupied by the [[BBC White City|BBC Media Village]].
 ==See also==
+*[[Latin-British Exhibition]]
 *[[History of Shepherd's Bush]]
 *[[List of world's fairs]]
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
 == Bibliography ==
+*''[[iarchive:francobritishexh00fran 0|Franco-British Exhibition, London 1908. Official Guide]]'', London: Bemrose & Sons Ltd, 1908
-* Geppert, Alexander C.T., ''Fleeting Cities. Imperial Expositions in Fin-de-Siècle Europe'', Basingstoke/New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. {{ISBN|978-0-230-22164-2}}
+*''[[iarchive:francobritishex00fran|Franco-British Exhibition, London, 1908. Fine Arts Catalogue]]'', London: Bemrose & Sons Ltd, 1908
+*Geppert, Alexander C.T., ''Fleeting Cities. Imperial Expositions in Fin-de-Siècle Europe'', Basingstoke/New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. {{ISBN|978-0-230-22164-2}}
+*Gill, Andrew, ''The Franco-British 'White City' London Exhibition of 1908'', CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015
+*Knight, Donald R., ''The Exhibitions: Great White City Shepherds Bush London'': ''70th Anniversary 1908-1978'', London: privately published, 1978
+*Knight, Donald R., ''The Exhibitions: Great White City, Shepherds Bush, London: 100th Anniversary of the Franco-British Exhibition, 1908 - 2008'', London: privately published, 2008
 ==External links==
-{{commons category|Franco-British Exhibition}}
+{{Commons category|Franco-British Exhibition}}
 * [http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk Science and Society Picture Library]
 ** [http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10457403&wwwflag=3&imagepos=1 Aerial view of exhibition halls at White City, 1920]
@@ Line 73: / Line 76: @@
 {{London history}}
 {{List of world's fairs in Ireland and Great Britain}}
+{{Authority control}}
+{{Coord|51|30|44|N|0|13|46|W|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Franco-British Exhibition (1908)}}
 [[Category:1908 in France]]
 [[Category:1908 in the United Kingdom]]
-[[Category:1908 Summer Olympic venues]]
+[[Category:Venues of the 1908 Summer Olympics]]
 [[Category:Olympic fencing venues]]
 [[Category:History of the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham]]
@@ Line 85: / Line 91: @@
 [[Category:France–United Kingdom relations]]
 [[Category:White City, London]]
+[[Category:1908 disasters in the United Kingdom]]
+[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in London]]

v t e Olympic venues in fencing
19th century	1896: Zappeion
20th century	1900: Tuileries Garden 1904: Francis Gymnasium 1908: Franco-British Exhibition Fencing Grounds 1912: Östermalms IP 1920: Gardens of the Egmont Palace 1924: Stade Yves-du-Manoir 1928: Schermzaal 1932: 160th Regiment State Armory 1936: Haus des Deutschen Sports, Tennis Courts 1948: Wembley Palace of Engineering 1952: Westend Tennis Hall 1956: St Kilda Town Hall 1960: Palazzo dei Congressi 1964: Waseda Memorial Hall 1968: Fernando Montes de Oca Fencing Hall 1972: Messegelände, Fechthalle 1, Messegelände Fechthalle 2 1976: Winter Stadium, Université de Montréal 1980: CSKA Football Fieldhouse 1984: Long Beach Convention Center 1988: Olympic Fencing Gymnasium 1992: Palau de la Metal·lúrgia 1996: Georgia World Congress Center
21st century	2000: Sydney Convention & Exhibition Centre 2004: Fencing Hall 2008: Olympic Green Convention Center 2012: ExCeL, Copper Box 2016: Carioca Arena 3 2020: Makuhari Messe 2024: Grand Palais 2028: Los Angeles Convention Center 2032: Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre

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Events	Coronations Peasants' Revolt Black Death Great Plague Great Fire 1854 cholera outbreak Great Stink Great Exhibition 1908 Franco-British Exhibition The Battle of Cable Street Festival of Britain Great Smog Abdication of Edward VIII Swinging London London Plan 1966 FIFA World Cup final Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Anti-war protests 7/7 bombings Olympic Games 1908 1948 2012 2012 Summer Paralympics Grenfell Tower fire COVID-19 pandemic
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v t e List of world's fairs in Ireland and Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain	First Exhibition (1760)
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	Exposition of British Society Exhibition of Industrial Arts and Manufacturers (Birmingham, 1849) Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations (London, 1851) Irish Industrial Exhibition (Cork, 1852) Great Industrial Exhibition (1853) (Dublin) Art Treasures Exhibition, Manchester 1857 1862 International Exhibition (London) International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures (Dublin, 1865) Annual International Exhibition (London, 1871–1874) Dublin Exhibition of Arts, Industries and Manufactures (1872) International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures (Dublin, 1874) International Fisheries Exhibition (London, 1883) First International Forestry Exhibition International Inventions Exhibition Colonial and Indian Exhibition (1886) International Exhibition of Industry, Science and Art Royal Mining Engineering Jubilee Exhibition International Exhibition of Navigation, Commerce and Industry American Exhibition (1887) International Agricultural Exhibition (Kilburn, 1879) Royal Jubilee Exhibition International Exhibition of Science, Art and Industry (Glasgow 1888) International Exhibition of Science, Art & Industry (Edinburgh 1890) Greater Britain Exhibition Glasgow International Exhibition (1901) Cork International Exhibition Naval, Shipping and Fisheries Exhibition Imperial Austrian Exhibition Irish International Exhibition Franco-British Exhibition Imperial International Exhibition Japan–British Exhibition Coronation Exhibition Festival of Empire Scottish Exhibition of National History, Art and Industry Latin-British Exhibition Anglo-American Exhibition Bristol International Exhibition Universal Exhibition (Nottingham) International Rubber, Tropical Products and Allied Industries ExhibitionInternational Exhibition of Rubber and Other Tropical Products
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	British Empire Exhibition North East Coast Exhibition Empire Exhibition, Scotland Festival of Britain Millennium Dome UNBOXED: Creativity in the UK

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