Political positions of Jimmy Carter: Difference between revisions

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Jimmy Carter was the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981.^[1] Below is a list of his political positions, some of which he expressed during his presidency and others during his post-presidency.

Abortion

Although Carter was personally opposed to abortion, he supported legalized abortion after the landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision Roe v. Wade, 410 US 113 (1973).^[2] Early in his term as governor, Carter had strongly supported family planning programs including abortion to save the life of a woman, birth defects, or in other extreme circumstances. Years later, he had written the foreword to a book, Women in Need, that favored a woman's right to abortion. He had given private encouragement to the plaintiffs in a lawsuit, Doe v. Bolton, filed against the state of Georgia to overturn its abortion laws.^[3] As president, he did not support increased federal funding for abortion services. He was criticized by the American Civil Liberties Union for not doing enough to find alternatives.^[4]

In a March 29, 2012, interview with Laura Ingraham, Carter expressed his wish to see the Democratic Party becoming more anti-abortion, allowing it only in the case of rape, incest or risk of maternal death.^[5]

Death penalty

Carter is known for his strong opposition to the death penalty, which he expressed during his presidential campaigns. In his Nobel Prize lecture, Carter urged "prohibition of the death penalty".^[6] He has continued to speak out against the death penalty in the U.S. and abroad.^[7] In a letter to the governor of New Mexico, Bill Richardson, Carter urged the governor to sign a bill to eliminate the death penalty and institute life in prison without parole instead. New Mexico abolished the death penalty in 2009. Carter wrote: "As you know, the United States is one of the few countries, along with nations such as Saudi Arabia, China, and Cuba, which still carry out the death penalty despite the ongoing tragedy of wrongful conviction and gross racial and class-based disparities that make impossible the fair implementation of this ultimate punishment."^[8] In 2012, Carter wrote an op-ed in the Los Angeles Times supporting passage of a state referendum which would have ended the death penalty.^[9] Carter has also called for commutations of death sentences for many death-row inmates, including Brian K. Baldwin (executed in 1999),^[10] Kenneth Foster (commuted in 2007)^[11]^[12] and Troy Davis (executed in 2011).^[13]

Baptist women pastors

In October 2000, Carter, a third-generation Southern Baptist, severed connections to the Southern Baptist Convention over its opposition to women as pastors. Carter took this action due to a doctrinal statement by the convention, adopted in June 2000, advocating for a literal interpretation of the Bible. This statement followed a position of the convention two years previously advocating the submission of wives to their husbands. Carter described the reason for his decision as due to: "an increasing inclination on the part of Southern Baptist Convention leaders to be more rigid on what is a Southern Baptist and exclusionary of accommodating those who differ from them." The New York Times called Carter's action "the highest-profile defection yet from the Southern Baptist Convention".^[14]

On July 15, 2009, Carter wrote an opinion piece about equality for women in which he stated that he chooses equality for women over the dictates of the leadership of what has been a lifetime religious commitment. He said that the view that women are inferior is not confined to one faith, "nor, tragically does its influence stop at the walls of the church, mosque, synagogue or temple."^[15] In 2014, he published A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence, and Power.^[16]

Gun control

Carter has publicly expressed support for both a ban on assault weapons and for background checks of gun buyers.^[17] In May 1994, Carter and former presidents Gerald Ford and Ronald Reagan wrote to the U.S. House of Representatives in support of banning "semi-automatic assault guns."^[18] In a February 2013 appearance on Piers Morgan Tonight, Carter agreed that if the assault weapons ban did not pass, it would be mainly due to lobbying by the National Rifle Association and its pressure on "weak-kneed" politicians.^[19]

Same-sex marriage

Carter has stated that he supports same-sex marriage in civil ceremonies.^[20] He said: "I believe Jesus would. I don't have any verse in scripture ... I believe Jesus would approve gay marriage, but that's just my own personal belief. I think Jesus would encourage any love affair if it was honest and sincere and was not damaging to anyone else, and I don't see that gay marriage damages anyone else".^[20] Evangelist Franklin Graham criticized the assertion as "absolutely wrong".^[21]^[22] In October 2014, Carter argued ahead of a Supreme Court ruling that legalization of same-sex marriage should be left up to the states and not mandated by federal law.^[23]

Race

Carter ignited debate in September 2009 when he stated: "I think an overwhelming portion of the intensely demonstrated animosity toward President Barack Obama is based on the fact that he is a black man, that he is African-American".^[24] Obama disagreed with Carter's assessment. On CNN, Obama stated, "Are there people out there who don't like me because of race? I'm sure there are... that's not the overriding issue here".^[25]

Torture

In 2005, Carter criticized the use of torture at Guantánamo Bay, demanding that it be closed.^[26] He stated that the next president should make the promise that the United States will "never again torture a prisoner."^[27]

Health care

In 2013, Carter praised the Affordable Care Act (the major health care reform law put forward by President Obama), but criticized its implementation as "questionable at best".^[28] In 2017, Carter predicted that the U.S. would eventually adopt a single-payer healthcare system.^[29]^[30]

Campaign finance reform

Carter vigorously opposed the Supreme Court decision in Citizens United v. FEC that struck down limits on campaign spending by corporations and unions. Carter said the U.S. now has a system of "unlimited political bribery".^[31]

Kamala Harris

Carter's family members had stated that he wanted to live long enough to vote for Kamala Harris, a candidate to 2024 presidential elections. He has now done so and says that he "has fulfilled his end-of-life goal".^[32]

References

^ Heyward, Giulia. "Jimmy Carter, the 39th U.S. president, enters hospice care". NPR. Retrieved March 5, 2023.
^ Carter, James Earl (February 1, 2006). "Interview With Jimmy Carter". CNN. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
^ Bourne, p. 279.
^ Skinner, Kiron; Kudelia, Serhiy; Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce; Rice, Condoleezza (2007). The Strategy of Campaigning. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11627-0. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2008.
^ "Jimmy Carter: Democratic Party Should Be More Pro-Life". RealClearPolitics. March 29, 2012. Archived from the original on October 26, 2019. Retrieved August 25, 2019.
^ "Carter Nobel Peace Prize speech". CNN archives. December 10, 2002. Archived from the original on November 16, 2007.
^ Hill, Elias C. (October 9, 2012). The Mirage of Human Rights. iUniverse. p. 200. ISBN 978-1-4759-4888-2. Archived from the original on December 13, 2021. Retrieved March 21, 2022.
^ "NEW VOICES: Jimmy Carter Urges New Mexico Governor to Support Death Penalty Repeal | Death Penalty Information Center". Deathpenaltyinfo.org. Archived from the original on June 19, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ Carter, Jimmy (October 28, 2012). "Jimmy Carter to California: Yes on Prop. 34" Archived 2012-11-11 at the Wayback Machine. op-ed. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 5, 2013.
^ "Brian Baldwin, Center on Wrongful Convictions". Law.northwestern.edu. Archived from the original on May 23, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ "Jimmy Carter, Desmond Tutu Urge Texas to Stay Execution of Kenneth Foster". Democracynow.org. Archived from the original on June 17, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ "Clemency | Death Penalty Information Center". Deathpenaltyinfo.org. Archived from the original on June 12, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ The Carter Center (September 19, 2008). "Carter Center Press Releases – President Carter Calls for Clemency for Troy Davis" (Press release). The Carter Center. Archived from the original on September 4, 2012. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ Sengupta, Somini (October 21, 2000). "Carter Sadly Turns Back On National Baptist Body". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 17, 2014. Retrieved December 17, 2014.
^ "Losing my religion for equality". The Age. July 15, 2009. Archived from the original on July 4, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2021.
^ A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence, and Power. Simon & Schuster. 2014. ISBN 978-1-4767-7395-7. OCLC 868276576.
^ Carter, Jimmy (April 26, 2009). "What Happened to the Ban on Assault Weapons?". The New York Times (Op-ed). Archived from the original on May 16, 2013. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
^ Eaton, William J. (May 5, 1994). "Ford, Carter, Reagan Push for Gun Ban". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 10, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
^ Kurtz, Jason (February 22, 2013). "Clips From Last Night: Jimmy Carter on firearm legislation, the NRA, and the conflict in the Middle East". Cable News Network. Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
^ ^a ^b Buxton, Ryan (July 7, 2015). "Jimmy Carter Says Jesus Would Approve Of Gay Marriage". HuffPost. Archived from the original on September 24, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
^ Robertson, Abigail. "Franklin Graham: Carter 'Absolutely Wrong' That Jesus Would Approve of Same-Sex Marriage". Charisma News. Archived from the original on September 24, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
^ "Franklin Graham: President Carter 'Absolutely Wrong' on Jesus Approving of Gay Marriage". CBN News. July 11, 2018. Archived from the original on November 16, 2019. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
^ "Jimmy Carter: Gay marriage should be up to states". USA Today. October 27, 2014. Archived from the original on February 4, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2017.
^ "White House disputes Carter's analysis – Capitol Hill". NBC News. September 16, 2009. Archived from the original on August 4, 2020. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ O'Brien, Michael (September 19, 2009). "Obama plays down role of race in criticism – The Hill's Blog Briefing Room". The Hill. Archived from the original on December 26, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.
^ "Carter Says U.S. Should Close Down Center At Guantánamo". The New York Times. June 8, 2005. Archived from the original on September 7, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
^ Freedland, Jonathan (June 6, 2008). "I have moral authority". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 17, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2014.
^ Delreal, Jose (October 31, 2013). "Carter: ACA rollout 'questionable'". Politico. Archived from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved September 9, 2021.
^ Radnofsky, Louise (July 23, 2017). "Jimmy Carter Believes U.S. Will Eventually Go to Single-Payer Health System". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved September 9, 2021.
^ Eberhardt, Robin (July 24, 2017). "Jimmy Carter predicts US will eventually have single-payer healthcare system". The Hill. Archived from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved September 9, 2021.
^ Lavender, Paige (July 31, 2015). "Jimmy Carter Blasts U.S. 'Political Bribery'". HuffPost. Archived from the original on March 23, 2019. Retrieved March 21, 2022.
^ "Jimmy Carter, 100, Fulfills Goal Of Voting For Kamala Harris". Yahoo News. 2024-10-16. Retrieved 2024-10-17.

[1] Heyward, Giulia. "Jimmy Carter, the 39th U.S. president, enters hospice care". NPR. Retrieved March 5, 2023.

[2] Carter, James Earl (February 1, 2006). "Interview With Jimmy Carter". CNN. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2021.

[3] Bourne, p. 279.

[strategy_campaigning-4] Skinner, Kiron; Kudelia, Serhiy; Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce; Rice, Condoleezza (2007). The Strategy of Campaigning. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11627-0. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2008.

[5] "Jimmy Carter: Democratic Party Should Be More Pro-Life". RealClearPolitics. March 29, 2012. Archived from the original on October 26, 2019. Retrieved August 25, 2019.

[6] "Carter Nobel Peace Prize speech". CNN archives. December 10, 2002. Archived from the original on November 16, 2007.

[7] Hill, Elias C. (October 9, 2012). The Mirage of Human Rights. iUniverse. p. 200. ISBN 978-1-4759-4888-2. Archived from the original on December 13, 2021. Retrieved March 21, 2022.

[8] "NEW VOICES: Jimmy Carter Urges New Mexico Governor to Support Death Penalty Repeal | Death Penalty Information Center". Deathpenaltyinfo.org. Archived from the original on June 19, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.

[9] Carter, Jimmy (October 28, 2012). "Jimmy Carter to California: Yes on Prop. 34" Archived 2012-11-11 at the Wayback Machine. op-ed. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 5, 2013.

[10] "Brian Baldwin, Center on Wrongful Convictions". Law.northwestern.edu. Archived from the original on May 23, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.

[11] "Jimmy Carter, Desmond Tutu Urge Texas to Stay Execution of Kenneth Foster". Democracynow.org. Archived from the original on June 17, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.

[12] "Clemency | Death Penalty Information Center". Deathpenaltyinfo.org. Archived from the original on June 12, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.

[13] The Carter Center (September 19, 2008). "Carter Center Press Releases – President Carter Calls for Clemency for Troy Davis" (Press release). The Carter Center. Archived from the original on September 4, 2012. Retrieved June 8, 2010.

[14] Sengupta, Somini (October 21, 2000). "Carter Sadly Turns Back On National Baptist Body". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 17, 2014. Retrieved December 17, 2014.

[losing-15] "Losing my religion for equality". The Age. July 15, 2009. Archived from the original on July 4, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2021.

[16] A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence, and Power. Simon & Schuster. 2014. ISBN 978-1-4767-7395-7. OCLC 868276576.

[Carter_2009-04-26-17] Carter, Jimmy (April 26, 2009). "What Happened to the Ban on Assault Weapons?". The New York Times (Op-ed). Archived from the original on May 16, 2013. Retrieved July 4, 2014.

[Eaton_1994-05-05-18] Eaton, William J. (May 5, 1994). "Ford, Carter, Reagan Push for Gun Ban". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 10, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2014.

[Kurtz_2013-02-22-19] Kurtz, Jason (February 22, 2013). "Clips From Last Night: Jimmy Carter on firearm legislation, the NRA, and the conflict in the Middle East". Cable News Network. Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2014.

[HuffPost_Canada-20] Buxton, Ryan (July 7, 2015). "Jimmy Carter Says Jesus Would Approve Of Gay Marriage". HuffPost. Archived from the original on September 24, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2018.

[21] Robertson, Abigail. "Franklin Graham: Carter 'Absolutely Wrong' That Jesus Would Approve of Same-Sex Marriage". Charisma News. Archived from the original on September 24, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2018.

[22] "Franklin Graham: President Carter 'Absolutely Wrong' on Jesus Approving of Gay Marriage". CBN News. July 11, 2018. Archived from the original on November 16, 2019. Retrieved November 16, 2019.

[23] "Jimmy Carter: Gay marriage should be up to states". USA Today. October 27, 2014. Archived from the original on February 4, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2017.

[24] "White House disputes Carter's analysis – Capitol Hill". NBC News. September 16, 2009. Archived from the original on August 4, 2020. Retrieved June 8, 2010.

[25] O'Brien, Michael (September 19, 2009). "Obama plays down role of race in criticism – The Hill's Blog Briefing Room". The Hill. Archived from the original on December 26, 2010. Retrieved June 8, 2010.

[26] "Carter Says U.S. Should Close Down Center At Guantánamo". The New York Times. June 8, 2005. Archived from the original on September 7, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2021.

[27] Freedland, Jonathan (June 6, 2008). "I have moral authority". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 17, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2014.

[28] Delreal, Jose (October 31, 2013). "Carter: ACA rollout 'questionable'". Politico. Archived from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved September 9, 2021.

[29] Radnofsky, Louise (July 23, 2017). "Jimmy Carter Believes U.S. Will Eventually Go to Single-Payer Health System". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved September 9, 2021.

[30] Eberhardt, Robin (July 24, 2017). "Jimmy Carter predicts US will eventually have single-payer healthcare system". The Hill. Archived from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved September 9, 2021.

[31] Lavender, Paige (July 31, 2015). "Jimmy Carter Blasts U.S. 'Political Bribery'". HuffPost. Archived from the original on March 23, 2019. Retrieved March 21, 2022.

[32] "Jimmy Carter, 100, Fulfills Goal Of Voting For Kamala Harris". Yahoo News. 2024-10-16. Retrieved 2024-10-17.

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+{{Short description|None}}
 {{Jimmy Carter series}}
+[[Jimmy Carter]] was the 39th [[president of the United States]] from 1977 to 1981.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2023/02/18/1158166497/jimmy-carter-enters-hospice-care|title=Jimmy Carter, the 39th U.S. president, enters hospice care|last=Heyward|first=Giulia|publisher=[[NPR]]|access-date=March 5, 2023}}</ref> Below is a list of his political positions, some of which he expressed during [[Presidency of Jimmy Carter|his presidency]] and others during [[Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter|his post-presidency]].
-[[Jimmy Carter]] was the 39th [[president of the United States]] from 1977 to 1981.
 ==Abortion==
 Although Carter was personally opposed to [[Abortion in the United States|abortion]], he supported legalized abortion after the landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'', 410 US 113 (1973).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0602/01/lkl.02.html|title=Interview With Jimmy Carter|date=February 1, 2006|access-date=September 7, 2021|first1=James Earl|last1=Carter|publisher=CNN|archive-date=May 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518192641/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0602/01/lkl.02.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Early in his term as governor, Carter had strongly supported family planning programs including abortion to save the life of a woman, birth defects, or in other extreme circumstances. Years later, he had written the foreword to a book, ''Women in Need'', that favored a woman's right to abortion. He had given private encouragement to the plaintiffs in a lawsuit, ''[[Doe v. Bolton]]'', filed against the state of Georgia to overturn its abortion laws.<ref>Bourne, p. 279.</ref> As president, he did not support increased federal funding for abortion services. He was criticized by the [[American Civil Liberties Union]] for not doing enough to find alternatives.<ref name="strategy campaigning">{{cite book |title=The Strategy of Campaigning |last1=Skinner |first1=Kiron |last2=Kudelia |first2=Serhiy |last3=Bueno de Mesquita |first3=Bruce |last4=Rice |first4=Condoleezza |publisher=University of Michigan Press |year=2007 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0dCiDh4fMsC |isbn=978-0-472-11627-0 |access-date=October 20, 2008 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204092411/https://books.google.com/books?id=F0dCiDh4fMsC |url-status=live }}</ref>
-In a March 29, 2012, interview with [[Laura Ingraham]], Carter expressed his wish to see the Democratic Party becoming more [[anti-abortion]], allowing it only in the case of rape, incest or risk of [[maternal death]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2012/03/29/jimmy_carter_democratic_party_should_be_more_pro-life.html |title=Jimmy Carter: Democratic Party Should Be More Pro-Life |date=March 29, 2012 |website=RealClearPolitics |access-date=August 25, 2019 |archive-date=October 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026180216/https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2012/03/29/jimmy_carter_democratic_party_should_be_more_pro-life.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
+In a March 29, 2012, interview with [[Laura Ingraham]], Carter expressed his wish to see the Democratic Party becoming more [[Anti-abortion movements|anti-abortion]], allowing it only in the case of rape, incest or risk of [[maternal death]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2012/03/29/jimmy_carter_democratic_party_should_be_more_pro-life.html |title=Jimmy Carter: Democratic Party Should Be More Pro-Life |date=March 29, 2012 |website=RealClearPolitics |access-date=August 25, 2019 |archive-date=October 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026180216/https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2012/03/29/jimmy_carter_democratic_party_should_be_more_pro-life.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==Death penalty==
-Carter is known for his strong opposition to the [[Capital punishment in the United States|death penalty]], which he expressed during his presidential campaigns. In his Nobel Prize lecture, Carter urged "prohibition of the death penalty".<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/12/10/carter.transcript/ |title=Carter Nobel Peace Prize speech |website=[[CNN]] archives |date=December 10, 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116064036/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/12/10/carter.transcript/ |archive-date=November 16, 2007}}</ref> He has continued to speak out against the death penalty in the U.S. and abroad.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hill |first=Elias C. |title=The Mirage of Human Rights |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XIl3Td_tcssC&pg=PA200 |date=October 9, 2012 |publisher=iUniverse |isbn=978-1-4759-4888-2 |page=200 |access-date=March 21, 2022 |archive-date=December 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213121742/https://books.google.com/books?id=XIl3Td_tcssC&pg=PA200 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a letter to the governor of New Mexico, [[Bill Richardson]], Carter urged the governor to sign a bill to eliminate the death penalty and institute life in prison without parole instead. New Mexico abolished the death penalty in 2009. Carter wrote: "As you know, the United States is one of the few countries, along with nations such as Saudi Arabia, China, and Cuba, which still carry out the death penalty despite the ongoing tragedy of wrongful conviction and gross racial and class-based disparities that make impossible the fair implementation of this ultimate punishment."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://deathpenaltyinfo.org/new-voices-jimmy-carter-urges-new-mexico-governor-support-death-penalty-repeal |title=NEW VOICES: Jimmy Carter Urges New Mexico Governor to Support Death Penalty Repeal &#124; Death Penalty Information Center |publisher=Deathpenaltyinfo.org |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=June 19, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619143855/http://deathpenaltyinfo.org/new-voices-jimmy-carter-urges-new-mexico-governor-support-death-penalty-repeal |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2012, Carter wrote an [[op-ed]] in the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' supporting passage of a state referendum which would have ended the death penalty.<ref>Carter, Jimmy (October 28, 2012). [https://latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-1028-carter-death-penalty-20121028,0,6524708.story "Jimmy Carter to California: Yes on Prop. 34"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111215309/http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-1028-carter-death-penalty-20121028,0,6524708.story |date=2012-11-11 }}. op-ed. ''Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved March 5, 2013.</ref> Carter has also called for [[Commutation (law)|commutations]] of death sentences for many death-row inmates, including Brian K. Baldwin (executed in 1999),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.law.northwestern.edu/wrongfulconvictions/issues/deathpenalty/Executinginnocent/alBaldwinbsummary.html |title=Brian Baldwin, Center on Wrongful Convictions |publisher=Law.northwestern.edu |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=May 23, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523031301/http://www.law.northwestern.edu/wrongfulconvictions/issues/deathpenalty/executinginnocent/alBaldwinbsummary.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Kenneth Foster (criminal)|Kenneth Foster]] (commuted in 2007)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.democracynow.org/2007/8/29/jimmy_carter_desmond_tutu_urge_texas |title=Jimmy Carter, Desmond Tutu Urge Texas to Stay Execution of Kenneth Foster |publisher=Democracynow.org |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=June 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617033940/http://www.democracynow.org/2007/8/29/jimmy_carter_desmond_tutu_urge_texas |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://deathpenaltyinfo.org/clemency |title=Clemency &#124; Death Penalty Information Center |publisher=Deathpenaltyinfo.org |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=June 12, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612195654/http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/clemency |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Troy Davis]] (executed in 2011).<ref>{{cite press release |author=The Carter Center |url=http://www.cartercenter.org/news/pr/clemency_troy_davis.html |title=Carter Center Press Releases – President Carter Calls for Clemency for Troy Davis |publisher=The Carter Center |date=September 19, 2008 |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=September 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904130619/http://www.cartercenter.org/news/pr/clemency_troy_davis.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
+Carter is known for his strong opposition to the [[Capital punishment in the United States|death penalty]], which he expressed during his presidential campaigns. In his Nobel Prize lecture, Carter urged "prohibition of the death penalty".<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/12/10/carter.transcript/ |title=Carter Nobel Peace Prize speech |website=[[CNN]] archives |date=December 10, 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116064036/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/12/10/carter.transcript/ |archive-date=November 16, 2007}}</ref> He has continued to speak out against the death penalty in the U.S. and abroad.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hill |first=Elias C. |title=The Mirage of Human Rights |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XIl3Td_tcssC&pg=PA200 |date=October 9, 2012 |publisher=iUniverse |isbn=978-1-4759-4888-2 |page=200 |access-date=March 21, 2022 |archive-date=December 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213121742/https://books.google.com/books?id=XIl3Td_tcssC&pg=PA200 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a letter to the governor of New Mexico, [[Bill Richardson]], Carter urged the governor to sign a bill to eliminate the death penalty and institute life in prison without parole instead. New Mexico abolished the death penalty in 2009. Carter wrote: "As you know, the United States is one of the few countries, along with nations such as Saudi Arabia, China, and Cuba, which still carry out the death penalty despite the ongoing tragedy of wrongful conviction and gross racial and class-based disparities that make impossible the fair implementation of this ultimate punishment."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://deathpenaltyinfo.org/new-voices-jimmy-carter-urges-new-mexico-governor-support-death-penalty-repeal |title=NEW VOICES: Jimmy Carter Urges New Mexico Governor to Support Death Penalty Repeal &#124; Death Penalty Information Center |publisher=Deathpenaltyinfo.org |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=June 19, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619143855/http://deathpenaltyinfo.org/new-voices-jimmy-carter-urges-new-mexico-governor-support-death-penalty-repeal |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2012, Carter wrote an [[op-ed]] in the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' supporting passage of [[2012 California Proposition 34|a state referendum]] which would have ended the death penalty.<ref>Carter, Jimmy (October 28, 2012). [https://latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-1028-carter-death-penalty-20121028,0,6524708.story "Jimmy Carter to California: Yes on Prop. 34"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111215309/http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-1028-carter-death-penalty-20121028,0,6524708.story |date=2012-11-11 }}. op-ed. ''Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved March 5, 2013.</ref> Carter has also called for [[Commutation (law)|commutations]] of death sentences for many death-row inmates, including Brian K. Baldwin (executed in 1999),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.law.northwestern.edu/wrongfulconvictions/issues/deathpenalty/Executinginnocent/alBaldwinbsummary.html |title=Brian Baldwin, Center on Wrongful Convictions |publisher=Law.northwestern.edu |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=May 23, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523031301/http://www.law.northwestern.edu/wrongfulconvictions/issues/deathpenalty/executinginnocent/alBaldwinbsummary.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Kenneth Foster (criminal)|Kenneth Foster]] (commuted in 2007)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.democracynow.org/2007/8/29/jimmy_carter_desmond_tutu_urge_texas |title=Jimmy Carter, Desmond Tutu Urge Texas to Stay Execution of Kenneth Foster |publisher=Democracynow.org |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=June 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617033940/http://www.democracynow.org/2007/8/29/jimmy_carter_desmond_tutu_urge_texas |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://deathpenaltyinfo.org/clemency |title=Clemency &#124; Death Penalty Information Center |publisher=Deathpenaltyinfo.org |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=June 12, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612195654/http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/clemency |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Troy Davis]] (executed in 2011).<ref>{{cite press release |author=The Carter Center |url=http://www.cartercenter.org/news/pr/clemency_troy_davis.html |title=Carter Center Press Releases – President Carter Calls for Clemency for Troy Davis |publisher=The Carter Center |date=September 19, 2008 |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=September 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904130619/http://www.cartercenter.org/news/pr/clemency_troy_davis.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==Baptist women pastors==
@@ Line 17: / Line 18: @@
 ==Gun control==
-Carter has publicly expressed support for both a ban on assault weapons and for background checks of gun buyers.<ref name="Carter 2009-04-26">{{cite news |last=Carter |first=Jimmy |date=April 26, 2009 |title=What Happened to the Ban on Assault Weapons? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/27/opinion/27Carter.html |type=Op-ed |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=July 4, 2014 |archive-date=May 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516100314/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/27/opinion/27Carter.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In May 1994, Carter and former presidents Gerald Ford and Ronald Reagan wrote to the U.S. House of Representatives in support of banning "semi-automatic assault guns."<ref name="Eaton 1994-05-05">{{cite news |last=Eaton |first=William J. |date=May 5, 1994 |title=Ford, Carter, Reagan Push for Gun Ban |url=https://articles.latimes.com/1994-05-05/news/mn-54185_1_assault-weapons-ban/2 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=July 4, 2014 |archive-date=September 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910132000/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-05-05/news/mn-54185_1_assault-weapons-ban/2 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a February 2013 appearance on ''[[Piers Morgan Tonight]]'', Carter agreed that if the [[Assault Weapons Ban of 2013|assault weapons ban]] did not pass, it would be mainly due to lobbying by the [[National Rifle Association]] and its pressure on "weak-kneed" politicians.<ref name="Kurtz 2013-02-22">{{cite news |last=Kurtz |first=Jason |date=February 22, 2013 |title=Clips From Last Night: Jimmy Carter on firearm legislation, the NRA, and the conflict in the Middle East |url=http://piersmorgan.blogs.cnn.com/2013/02/22/clips-from-last-night-jimmy-carter-on-firearm-legislation-the-nra-and-the-conflict-in-the-middle-east/ |publisher=Cable News Network |access-date=July 4, 2014 |archive-date=October 15, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015033145/http://piersmorgan.blogs.cnn.com/2013/02/22/clips-from-last-night-jimmy-carter-on-firearm-legislation-the-nra-and-the-conflict-in-the-middle-east/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
+Carter has publicly expressed support for both a ban on assault weapons and for background checks of gun buyers.<ref name="Carter 2009-04-26">{{cite news |last=Carter |first=Jimmy |date=April 26, 2009 |title=What Happened to the Ban on Assault Weapons? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/27/opinion/27Carter.html |type=Op-ed |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=July 4, 2014 |archive-date=May 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516100314/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/27/opinion/27Carter.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In May 1994, Carter and former presidents Gerald Ford and Ronald Reagan wrote to the U.S. House of Representatives in support of banning "semi-automatic assault guns."<ref name="Eaton 1994-05-05">{{cite news |last=Eaton |first=William J. |date=May 5, 1994 |title=Ford, Carter, Reagan Push for Gun Ban |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-05-05-mn-54185-story.html |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=July 4, 2014 |archive-date=September 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910132000/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-05-05/news/mn-54185_1_assault-weapons-ban/2 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a February 2013 appearance on ''[[Piers Morgan Tonight]]'', Carter agreed that if the [[Assault Weapons Ban of 2013|assault weapons ban]] did not pass, it would be mainly due to lobbying by the [[National Rifle Association]] and its pressure on "weak-kneed" politicians.<ref name="Kurtz 2013-02-22">{{cite news |last=Kurtz |first=Jason |date=February 22, 2013 |title=Clips From Last Night: Jimmy Carter on firearm legislation, the NRA, and the conflict in the Middle East |url=http://piersmorgan.blogs.cnn.com/2013/02/22/clips-from-last-night-jimmy-carter-on-firearm-legislation-the-nra-and-the-conflict-in-the-middle-east/ |publisher=Cable News Network |access-date=July 4, 2014 |archive-date=October 15, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015033145/http://piersmorgan.blogs.cnn.com/2013/02/22/clips-from-last-night-jimmy-carter-on-firearm-legislation-the-nra-and-the-conflict-in-the-middle-east/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 ==Same-sex marriage==
@@ Line 23: / Line 24: @@
 ==Race==
-Carter ignited debate in September 2009 when he stated: "I think an overwhelming portion of the intensely demonstrated animosity toward President [[Barack Obama]] is based on the fact that he is a black man, that he is African-American".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/32869276 |title=White House disputes Carter's analysis – Capitol Hill |publisher=NBC News |date=September 16, 2009 |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804162944/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/32869276 |url-status=live }}</ref> Obama disagreed with Carter's assessment. On [[CNN]], Obama stated, "Are there people out there who don't like me because of race? I'm sure there are... that's not the overriding issue here".<ref>{{cite web |last=O'Brien |first=Michael |url=http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/59451-obama-plays-down-role-of-race-in-criticism |title=Obama plays down role of race in criticism – The Hill's Blog Briefing Room |work=The Hill |date=September 19, 2009 |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=December 26, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226164130/http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/59451-obama-plays-down-role-of-race-in-criticism |url-status=live }}</ref>
+Carter ignited debate in September 2009 when he stated: "I think an overwhelming portion of the intensely demonstrated animosity toward President [[Barack Obama]] is based on the fact that he is a black man, that he is African-American".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna32869276 |title=White House disputes Carter's analysis – Capitol Hill |publisher=NBC News |date=September 16, 2009 |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804162944/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/32869276 |url-status=live }}</ref> Obama disagreed with Carter's assessment. On [[CNN]], Obama stated, "Are there people out there who don't like me because of race? I'm sure there are... that's not the overriding issue here".<ref>{{cite web |last=O'Brien |first=Michael |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/50615-obama-plays-down-role-of-race-in-criticism/ |title=Obama plays down role of race in criticism – The Hill's Blog Briefing Room |work=The Hill |date=September 19, 2009 |access-date=June 8, 2010 |archive-date=December 26, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226164130/http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/59451-obama-plays-down-role-of-race-in-criticism |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==Torture==
@@ Line 29: / Line 30: @@
 ==Health care==
-In 2013, Carter praised the [[Affordable Care Act]] (the major [[Health care reform in the United States|health care reform]] law put forward by President Obama), but criticized its implementation as "questionable at best".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2013/10/jimmy-carter-affordable-care-act-099193 |title=Carter: ACA rollout 'questionable' |date=October 31, 2013 |access-date=September 9, 2021 |first=Jose |last=Delreal |work=Politico |archive-date=August 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804145006/https://www.politico.com/story/2013/10/jimmy-carter-affordable-care-act-099193 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2017, Carter predicted that the U.S. would eventually adopt a [[single-payer healthcare]] system.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2017/07/23/jimmy-carter-believes-u-s-will-eventually-go-to-single-payer-health-system/ |title=Jimmy Carter Believes U.S. Will Eventually Go to Single-Payer Health System |first=Louise |last=Radnofsky |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=July 23, 2017 |access-date=September 9, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204094430/https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2017/07/23/jimmy-carter-believes-u-s-will-eventually-go-to-single-payer-health-system/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/343481-jimmy-carter-predicts-us-will-eventually-have-single-payer-healthcare |title=Jimmy Carter predicts US will eventually have single-payer healthcare system |first=Robin |last=Eberhardt |newspaper=The Hill |date=July 24, 2017 |access-date=September 9, 2021 |archive-date=August 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821085052/https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/343481-jimmy-carter-predicts-us-will-eventually-have-single-payer-healthcare |url-status=live }}</ref>
+In 2013, Carter praised the [[Affordable Care Act]] (the major [[Health care reform in the United States|health care reform]] law put forward by President Obama), but criticized its implementation as "questionable at best".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2013/10/jimmy-carter-affordable-care-act-099193 |title=Carter: ACA rollout 'questionable' |date=October 31, 2013 |access-date=September 9, 2021 |first=Jose |last=Delreal |work=Politico |archive-date=August 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804145006/https://www.politico.com/story/2013/10/jimmy-carter-affordable-care-act-099193 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2017, Carter predicted that the U.S. would eventually adopt a [[single-payer healthcare]] system.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2017/07/23/jimmy-carter-believes-u-s-will-eventually-go-to-single-payer-health-system/ |title=Jimmy Carter Believes U.S. Will Eventually Go to Single-Payer Health System |first=Louise |last=Radnofsky |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=July 23, 2017 |access-date=September 9, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204094430/https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2017/07/23/jimmy-carter-believes-u-s-will-eventually-go-to-single-payer-health-system/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/343481-jimmy-carter-predicts-us-will-eventually-have-single-payer-healthcare/ |title=Jimmy Carter predicts US will eventually have single-payer healthcare system |first=Robin |last=Eberhardt |newspaper=The Hill |date=July 24, 2017 |access-date=September 9, 2021 |archive-date=August 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821085052/https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/343481-jimmy-carter-predicts-us-will-eventually-have-single-payer-healthcare |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==Campaign finance reform==
-Carter vigorously opposed the Supreme Court decision in ''[[Citizens United v. FEC]]'' that struck down limits on campaign spending by corporations and unions, going so far as to saying that the U.S. is "no longer a functioning democracy" and now has a system of "unlimited political bribery".<ref>{{cite news |last=Lavender |first=Paige |date=July 31, 2015 |title=Jimmy Carter Blasts U.S. 'Political Bribery' |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/entry/jimmy-carter-us-politics_us_55bbb3c9e4b0d4f33a02ae2b |work=HuffPost |access-date=March 21, 2022 |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323002448/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/jimmy-carter-us-politics_us_55bbb3c9e4b0d4f33a02ae2b |url-status=live }}</ref>
+Carter vigorously opposed the Supreme Court decision in ''[[Citizens United v. FEC]]'' that struck down limits on campaign spending by corporations and unions. Carter said the U.S. now has a system of "unlimited political bribery".<ref>{{cite news |last=Lavender |first=Paige |date=July 31, 2015 |title=Jimmy Carter Blasts U.S. 'Political Bribery' |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/entry/jimmy-carter-us-politics_us_55bbb3c9e4b0d4f33a02ae2b |work=HuffPost |access-date=March 21, 2022 |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323002448/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/jimmy-carter-us-politics_us_55bbb3c9e4b0d4f33a02ae2b |url-status=live }}</ref>
+==Kamala Harris==
+Carter's family members had stated that he wanted to live long enough to vote for [[Kamala Harris]], a candidate to [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 presidential elections]]. He has now done so and says that he "has fulfilled his end-of-life goal".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-16 |title=Jimmy Carter, 100, Fulfills Goal Of Voting For Kamala Harris |url=https://ca.news.yahoo.com/jimmy-carter-100-fulfills-goal-181649433.html |access-date=2024-10-17 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-CA}}</ref>
 ==References==
@@ Line 41: / Line 45: @@
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Political Positions Of Jimmy Carter}}
 [[Category:Jimmy Carter]]
-[[Category:Political positions of state governors of the United States|Carter, Jimmy]]
 [[Category:Political positions of presidents of the United States|Carter, Jimmy]]
+[[Category:Political positions of state governors of the United States|Carter, Jimmy]]

v t e Jimmy Carter
39th President of the United States (1977–1981) 76th Governor of Georgia (1971–1975) Georgia State Senator (1963–1967)
Presidency (timeline)	Transition Inauguration Timeline 1977 1978 1979 1980 January 1981 Political positions Judicial appointments controversies Executive Actions Executive Order 12036 Executive Order 12086 Executive Order 12148 Executive Order 12170 Executive Order 12172 Carter bonds Rabbit incident Carter Doctrine Camp David Accords Egypt–Israel peace treaty Torrijos–Carter Treaties Iran hostage crisis Operation Eagle Claw Canadian Caper Engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini 1979 oil crisis Support for Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War Diplomatic relations with China Goldwater v. Carter Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 Senior Executive Service Strategic Arms Limitation Talks International trips 1980 Summer Olympics boycott Cannabis policy Community Reinvestment Act Airline Deregulation Act Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 Clean Water Act of 1977 Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act Federal Reserve Reform Act of 1977 Electronic Fund Transfer Act Fair Debt Collection Practices Act Financial Institutions Regulatory and Interest Rate Control Act of 1978 Right to Financial Privacy Act Humphrey–Hawkins Full Employment Act Superfund Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 Solar power at the White House Three Mile Island accident Presidential transition of Ronald Reagan
Speeches	Moral Equivalent of War Island of Stability A Crisis of Confidence State of the Union Addresses 1978 1979 1980 1981
Elections	Georgia gubernatorial elections 1966 1970 Democratic Party presidential primaries 1976 1980 Democratic National Conventions 1972 1976 1980 Presidential elections 1976 campaign 1980
Post-presidency	Carter Center Presidential Library and Museum Habitat for Humanity Jimmy & Rosalynn Carter Work Project The Elders Jimmy Carter National Historical Park Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter House Nairobi Agreement, 1999 One America Appeal Continuity of Government Commission
Books	Everything to Gain (1987) The Hornet's Nest (2003) Our Endangered Values (2006) Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid (2006) reaction and commentary Beyond the White House (2007) We Can Have Peace in the Holy Land (2009) White House Diary (2010) A Call to Action (2014) A Full Life (2015)
Awards and honors	Nobel Peace Prize Presidential Medal of Freedom Freedom of the City Silver Buffalo Award Philadelphia Liberty Medal United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights Hoover Medal Christopher Award Carter–Menil Human Rights Prize Grammy Award
Legacy	Jimmy Carter Peanut Statue (1976) USS Jimmy Carter Jimmy Carter National Historical Park (1987) Georgia State Capitol statue (1994)
Related	Residences Birthplace Home Mary Prince (nanny) UFO incident Jimmy Carter (2002 television documentary) Man from Plains (2007 documentary)
Family	Rosalynn Carter (wife) Jack Carter (son) Amy Carter (daughter) Jason Carter (grandson) James Earl Carter Sr. (father) Lillian Gordy Carter (mother) Gloria Carter Spann (sister) Ruth Carter Stapleton (sister) Billy Carter (brother) Emily Dolvin (aunt) Hugh Carter (cousin)
← Gerald Ford Ronald Reagan → Category