Al-Dalhamiyya: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox settlement |
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|name=Al-Dalhamiyya |
| name = Al-Dalhamiyya |
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| native_name = الدلهمية |
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|image= |
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| native_name_lang = ar |
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|imgsize= |
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| settlement_type = Village |
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|caption= |
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|arname= |
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| etymology = from a family name<ref>Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/160/mode/1up 160]</ref> |
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|meaning= |
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<!-- maps and coordinates --> |
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|altSp= |
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| pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine | pushpin_map_caption = Location within [[Mandatory Palestine]] | image_map = {{Historical map series|default=2|date1=1940s|date2=modern|date3=1940s with modern overlay|width=225|name=al-Dalhamiyya}} | map_caption = A series of historical maps of the area around {{PAGENAME}} (click the buttons) |
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|district= |
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| pushpin_mapsize = 200 |
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|latd=|latm=|lats= |
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| coordinates = {{coord|32|39|38|N|35|35|52|E|type:city_region:PS|display=inline,title}} |
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|longd=|longm=|longs= |
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| grid_name = [[Palestine grid|Palestine grid]] |
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| grid_position = 204/230 |
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|popyear= |
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<!-- location --> |
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|area= |
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| subdivision_type = [[Geopolitical entity]] |
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|areakm= |
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| subdivision_name = [[Mandatory Palestine]] |
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|cause= |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Mandatory Palestine|Subdistrict]] |
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|cause2= |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Tiberias Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine|Tiberias]] |
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|curlocl= |
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<!-- established --> |
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|date= |
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| established_title1 = Date of depopulation |
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|pushpin_map= |
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| established_date1 = April 15, 1948 |
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| established_title2 = Repopulated dates |
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<!-- area --> |
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| unit_pref = dunam |
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| area_total_dunam = 2,852 |
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| population_as_of = 1945 |
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| population_total = 410<ref name=1945p12>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p12.jpg 12]</ref><ref name=Hadawi72>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Tiberias/Page-072.jpg 72]</ref> |
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<!-- blank fields (section 1) --> |
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| blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Al-Dalhamiyya''' was a [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] [[Arab]] village in the [[ |
'''Al-Dalhamiyya''' ({{langx|ar|الدلهمية}}) was a [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] [[Arab]] village in the [[Tiberias Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine|Tiberias Subdistrict]]. It was depopulated during the [[1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine]] on April 15, 1948, under [[Operation Gideon]]. It was located 14 km south of [[Tiberias]], on the north bank of the [[Yarmuk River]], on the border between [[Mandatory Palestine]] and [[Jordan|Transjordan]]. |
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== |
==History== |
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===Ottoman era=== |
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[[File:Al-Dalhamiyya in VanDeVeldeMap5 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|1858 map of the area – the location marked as Al-Dalhamiyya is the current location of [[Ashdot Ya'akov]].]] |
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In 1838 Al-Dalhamiyya was pointed out to [[Edward Robinson (scholar)|Edward Robinson]] during his travels in the area, as being located on the eastern bank, about half a mile above the mouth of the Yarmuk.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/264/mode/1up 264]</ref> |
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*{{Citation|title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|authorlink=Benny Morris|first=Benny|last=Morris|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2004|ISBN=0521009677, 9780521009676}} |
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{{Refend}} |
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In 1875 [[Victor Guérin]] noted that the houses of the village were built of [[adobe]], and most were surmounted by reed huts.<ref>Guérin, 1880, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr01unkngoog#page/n297/mode/1up 284]</ref> The same year [[Claude Reignier Conder|C. R. Conder]] called it a "miserable" [[adobe]] [[Hamlet (place)|hamlet]].<ref>Conder, 1875, p. [https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme07pale#page/n85/mode/1up 74]</ref><ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/90/mode/1up 90]</ref> A population list from about 1887 showed ''ed Delhamiyeh wa ’Arab el Hanady'' to have about 650 inhabitants; all Muslims.<ref>Schumacher, 1888, p. [https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme19pale#page/n211/mode/1up 186]</ref> |
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[[Menachemya]] was founded by [[Zionist]] in 1902, close to the village, but not on village land.<ref name=Khalidi516/> |
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{{Coord missing|Palestine}} |
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===British Mandate era=== |
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[[File:Al-Dalhamiyya train stop in the 1930s.jpg|thumb|left|Al-Dalhamiyya train stop in the 1930s]] |
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At the time of the [[1922 census of Palestine]] conducted by the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate authorities]], Delhamiyeh had a population of 352; 349 Muslims and 3 Jews,<ref name=Census1922a>Barron, 1923, Table XI, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n41/mode/1up 39]</ref> decreasing to 240; 226 Muslims, 1 Jew and 13 Christians, living in 50 houses by the [[1931 census of Palestine|1931 census]].<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p.[https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 83]</ref> |
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[[Ashdot Ya'aqov]], southwest to the village site, and [[Ashdot Ya'aqov Me'uchad]], west of the village site, were settled by Zionist in 1933, but none on village land.<ref name=Khalidi516>Khalidi, 1992, p. 516</ref> |
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In the [[Village Statistics, 1945|1944/1945 statistics]], the village had a population of 410; 390 Muslims and 20 Christians,<ref name=1945p12/> with a total of 2,852 dunams of land.<ref name=Hadawi72/> Of this, Arabs used 29 dunams for plantations and irrigable land, 1,709 dunams were used for cereals,<ref name=Hadawi122>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Tiberias/Page-122.jpg 122]</ref> while a total of 442 dunams were un-cultivable.<ref name=Hadawi172>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Tiberias/Page-172.jpg 172]</ref> |
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{{Palestine-geo-stub}} |
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===1948, aftermath=== |
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Historians say the details of the depopulation of the village remain unclear, but they expect it was captured in mid- to late April 1948, when neighboring [[Samakh, Tiberias|Samakh]] was taken. By May 3, 1948, it was reported to the [[Jewish National Fund]] that the area surrounding Lake Tiberias had been emptied of Arab inhabitants.<ref>{{Cite web |title=al-Dalhamiyya — الدّلْهَمِيَّة |url=https://www.palquest.org/en/place/16801/al-dalhamiyya |access-date=2023-11-12 |website=Interactive Encyclopedia of the Palestine Question – palquest |language=en}}</ref> |
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In 1992, the village site was described thus by historian [[Walid Khalidi]]: "The village has been obliterated. There is a banana grove on the site that belongs to the nearby kibbutz, Ashdod Ya'aqov."<ref name="Khalidi516" /> |
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==References== |
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==Bibliography== |
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*{{cite book | editor =Barron, J. B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 |publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}} |
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*{{cite journal | author = Conder, C.R.| author-link=Claude Reignier Conder| title = Lieut. Claude R. Conder's reports | journal = Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 7 | pages = 63–89 | url = https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme07pale | year = 1875| issue=2| doi=10.1179/peq.1875.009}} |
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*{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|author-link1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H. H.|author-link2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp02conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]|volume=2}} |
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*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945 |url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Department of Statistics|year=1945|publisher=Government of Palestine}} |
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*{{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|author-link=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr01unkngoog|volume=3: Galilee, pt. 1|year=1880|publisher= L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=fr}} |
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| ⚫ | *{{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre|access-date=2009-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208215837/http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|archive-date=2018-12-08|url-status=dead}} |
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| ⚫ | *{{cite book|title=All That Remains:The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ |first=W.|last=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=[[Washington D.C.]]|publisher=[[Institute for Palestine Studies]]|isbn=0-88728-224-5}} |
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*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C |first=B.|last=Morris |author-link=Benny Morris |year=2004 |title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|isbn=978-0-521-00967-6 |publisher=Cambridge University Press}} |
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*{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}} |
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*{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|author-link1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|author-link2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=[[Crocker & Brewster]]|volume=3}} |
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*{{cite journal | last = Schumacher | first =G.| author-link = Gottlieb Schumacher | title = Population list of the Liwa of Akka | journal = Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 20 | pages = 169–191 | url = https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme19pale | year = 1888}} |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.palestineremembered.com/Tiberias/al-Dalhamiyya/index.html Welcome To al-Dalhamiyya] |
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*[http://www.zochrot.org/en/village/49118 al-Dalhamiyya], [[Zochrot]] |
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*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 9: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8371 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.09.jpg Wikimedia commons] |
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Latest revision as of 12:16, 22 October 2024
Al-Dalhamiyya
الدلهمية | |
|---|---|
Village | |
| Etymology: from a family name[1] | |
.jpg) 1940s map .jpg) modern map.jpg) 1940s with modern overlay map A series of historical maps of the area around Al-Dalhamiyya (click the buttons) | |
  Al-Dalhamiyya Location within Mandatory Palestine | |
| Coordinates: 32°39′38″N 35°35′52″E / 32.66056°N 35.59778°E | |
| Palestine grid | 204/230 |
| Geopolitical entity | Mandatory Palestine |
| Subdistrict | Tiberias |
| Date of depopulation | April 15, 1948 |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,852 dunams (2.852 km2 or 1.101 sq mi) |
| Population (1945) | |
• Total | 410[2][3] |
Al-Dalhamiyya (Arabic: الدلهمية) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Tiberias Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on April 15, 1948, under Operation Gideon. It was located 14 km south of Tiberias, on the north bank of the Yarmuk River, on the border between Mandatory Palestine and Transjordan.
History
[edit]Ottoman era
[edit].jpg)
In 1838 Al-Dalhamiyya was pointed out to Edward Robinson during his travels in the area, as being located on the eastern bank, about half a mile above the mouth of the Yarmuk.[4]
In 1875 Victor Guérin noted that the houses of the village were built of adobe, and most were surmounted by reed huts.[5] The same year C. R. Conder called it a "miserable" adobe hamlet.[6][7] A population list from about 1887 showed ed Delhamiyeh wa ’Arab el Hanady to have about 650 inhabitants; all Muslims.[8]
Menachemya was founded by Zionist in 1902, close to the village, but not on village land.[9]
British Mandate era
[edit]
At the time of the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Delhamiyeh had a population of 352; 349 Muslims and 3 Jews,[10] decreasing to 240; 226 Muslims, 1 Jew and 13 Christians, living in 50 houses by the 1931 census.[11]
Ashdot Ya'aqov, southwest to the village site, and Ashdot Ya'aqov Me'uchad, west of the village site, were settled by Zionist in 1933, but none on village land.[9]
In the 1944/1945 statistics, the village had a population of 410; 390 Muslims and 20 Christians,[2] with a total of 2,852 dunams of land.[3] Of this, Arabs used 29 dunams for plantations and irrigable land, 1,709 dunams were used for cereals,[12] while a total of 442 dunams were un-cultivable.[13]
1948, aftermath
[edit]Historians say the details of the depopulation of the village remain unclear, but they expect it was captured in mid- to late April 1948, when neighboring Samakh was taken. By May 3, 1948, it was reported to the Jewish National Fund that the area surrounding Lake Tiberias had been emptied of Arab inhabitants.[14]
In 1992, the village site was described thus by historian Walid Khalidi: "The village has been obliterated. There is a banana grove on the site that belongs to the nearby kibbutz, Ashdod Ya'aqov."[9]
References
[edit]- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 160
- ^ a b Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 12
- ^ a b Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 72
- ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, p. 264
- ^ Guérin, 1880, p. 284
- ^ Conder, 1875, p. 74
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 90
- ^ Schumacher, 1888, p. 186
- ^ a b c Khalidi, 1992, p. 516
- ^ Barron, 1923, Table XI, p. 39
- ^ Mills, 1932, p.83
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 122
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 172
- ^ "al-Dalhamiyya — الدّلْهَمِيَّة". Interactive Encyclopedia of the Palestine Question – palquest. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
Bibliography
[edit]- Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Conder, C.R. (1875). "Lieut. Claude R. Conder's reports". Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund. 7 (2): 63–89. doi:10.1179/peq.1875.009.
- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H. H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
- Guérin, V. (1880). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 3: Galilee, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre. Archived from the original on 2018-12-08. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- Khalidi, W. (1992). All That Remains:The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
- Morris, B. (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
- Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Schumacher, G. (1888). "Population list of the Liwa of Akka". Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund. 20: 169–191.
External links
[edit]- Welcome To al-Dalhamiyya
- al-Dalhamiyya, Zochrot
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 9: IAA, Wikimedia commons
