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Coordinates: 41°34′N 23°17′E / 41.567°N 23.283°E / 41.567; 23.283
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Sandanski
| official_name = Sandanski
| native_name = {{lang|bg|Сандански}}
| image_skyline = Bulgaria-Sandanski-03.jpg
| image_skyline = Bulgaria-Sandanski-03.jpg
| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
Line 34: Line 35:
}}
}}


'''Sandanski''' ({{lang-mk|Сандански}} {{IPA-bg|sɐnˈdanski|}}; formerly known as '''Sveti Vrach''', {{lang-bg|Свети Врач}}, until 1947<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sandanski.org/sandanski/history|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081002023744/http://sandanski.org/sandanski/history|url-status=live|archive-date=2008-10-02|title=accessed 18 September 2016}}</ref>) [[List of cities and towns in Bulgaria|is a town]] and a recreation centre in south-western [[Bulgaria]], part of [[Blagoevgrad Province]]. Named after the [Macedonian|Macedonian]] revolutionary [[Jane Sandanski]], it is situated in [[Sandanski–Petrich Valley]] at the foot of [[Pirin|Pirin Mountains]], along the banks of [[Sandanska Bistritsa]] River. Sandanski is about 20&nbsp;km away from Bulgaria-Greece border and 100&nbsp;km away from [[Aegean sea]].
'''Sandanski''' ({{langx|bg|Сандански}} {{IPA|bg|sɐnˈdanski|}}; {{langx|el|Σαντάνσκι}}, formerly known as '''Sveti Vrach''', {{langx|bg|Свети Врач}}, until 1947)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sandanski.org/sandanski/history|language=bg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081002023744/http://sandanski.org/sandanski/history|url-status=live|archive-date=2008-10-02|title=История|access-date=18 September 2016}}</ref> [[List of cities and towns in Bulgaria|is a town]] and a recreation center in southwestern [[Bulgaria]], part of [[Blagoevgrad Province]]. Named after the [[Macedonian Bulgarian]] revolutionary [[Yane Sandanski]], it is situated in [[Sandanski–Petrich Valley]] at the foot of [[Pirin|Pirin Mountains]], along the banks of [[Sandanska Bistritsa]] River. Sandanski is about 20&nbsp;km away from the Bulgaria-Greece border and 100&nbsp;km away from the [[Aegean Sea]].


The town has a convenient location, a mild to warm climate (with the highest average annual temperature in the country, +16[[°C]]) and relatively high concentration of thermal water springs, which all make it a popular destination for relaxation and recreation.
The town has a convenient location, a mild to warm climate (with the highest average annual temperature in the country, +16[[°C]]) and relatively high concentration of thermal water springs, which all make it a popular destination for relaxation and recreation.
Line 41: Line 42:
Sandanski is located in the [[Sandanski–Petrich Valley]], surrounded by the [[Pirin]], [[Belasica|Belasitsa]] and [[Ograzhden (mountain)|Ograzhden]] mountain ranges. The town is about 160&nbsp;km south from Bulgaria's capital [[Sofia]] along the major [[European route E79|European Route E79]]. Following the same route at almost the same distance is [[Thessaloniki]], Greece's second largest city.
Sandanski is located in the [[Sandanski–Petrich Valley]], surrounded by the [[Pirin]], [[Belasica|Belasitsa]] and [[Ograzhden (mountain)|Ograzhden]] mountain ranges. The town is about 160&nbsp;km south from Bulgaria's capital [[Sofia]] along the major [[European route E79|European Route E79]]. Following the same route at almost the same distance is [[Thessaloniki]], Greece's second largest city.


Sandanski has developed in an amphitheatrical fashion on the outer south-west flanks of Pirin Mountains along the lower reaches of [[Sandanska Bistritsa]] River. The town's altitude varies between 240 and 300 meters. Its geographical location between [[Kresna Gorge|Kresna]] and [[Rupel Gorge]]s determines town's mild winter temperatures. Statistically Sandanski has the warmest temperatures in Bulgaria with a total of around 2700 annual sunshine hours.
Sandanski has developed in an amphitheatrical fashion on the outer south-west flanks of Pirin Mountains along the lower reaches of [[Sandanska Bistritsa]] River. The town's altitude varies between 240 and 300 meters. Its geographical location between [[Kresna Gorge|Kresna]] and [[Rupel Gorge]]s determines the town's mild winter and unpleasant summer temperatures. Statistically Sandanski has the warmest temperatures in Bulgaria with a total of around 2700 annual sunshine hours.


Within a short drive from Sandanski is [[Melnik, Bulgaria|Melnik]], the smallest town in Bulgaria in terms of population, but an attractive tourist destination for its authentic architecture and wine production. In a close proximity are the village of [[Rozhen, Bulgaria|Rozhen]] and [[Rozhen Monastery]]. The [[Ancient Roman]] city of [[Parthicopolis]] was located nearby.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kantor |first1=Georgy |editor1-last=Lavan |editor1-first=Myles |editor2-last=Ando |editor2-first=Clifford |title=Roman and local citizenship in the long second century CE |date=2021 |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-0-19-757389-1 |page=236 n. 21}}</ref>
Within a short drive from Sandanski is [[Melnik, Bulgaria|Melnik]], the smallest town in Bulgaria in terms of population, but an attractive tourist destination for its authentic architecture and wine production. In a close proximity are the village of [[Rozhen, Bulgaria|Rozhen]] and [[Rozhen Monastery]]. The [[Ancient Roman]] city of [[Parthicopolis]] was located nearby.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kantor |first1=Georgy |editor1-last=Lavan |editor1-first=Myles |editor2-last=Ando |editor2-first=Clifford |title=Roman and local citizenship in the long second century CE |date=2021 |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-0-19-757389-1 |page=236 n. 21}}</ref>


===Climate===
===Climate===
[[File:Sandclima.png|thumb|Climate of Sandanski]]
Sandanski is on the northern border of the continental [[mediterranean climate]]. Summers are very hot and dry with occasional thunderstorms and during heat waves the temperature may exceed 40&nbsp;°C reaching to 45&nbsp;°C, the highest recorded temperature in the city. Winters are damp and relatively mild, lasting for about three months from December through February. Springs and falls are generally about two months each. The summer is longest season in Sandanski, lasting 4 months – from early June to late September. Precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year except for July and August when droughts often occur.
Sandanski has a [[temperate climate]] (Köppen Climate Classification: Cfa). Summers are very hot and dry with occasional thunderstorms and during heat waves the temperature may exceed 40&nbsp;°C reaching to 45&nbsp;°C, the highest recorded temperature in the city. Winters are damp and relatively mild, lasting for about three months from December through February. Springs and falls are generally about two months each. The summer is the longest season in Sandanski, lasting 4 months – from early June to late September. Precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year except for July and August when droughts often occur.





'''Climate table:'''
'''Climate table:'''
{{Weather box
|location = Sandanski (1991–2020), Extremes 1961-2020
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
| Jan record high C =18.7
| Feb record high C =22.8
| Mar record high C =27.8
| Apr record high C =32.2
| May record high C =36.0
| Jun record high C =42.0
| Jul record high C =44.6
| Aug record high C =42.4
| Sep record high C =38.9
| Oct record high C =33.4
| Nov record high C =27.0
| Dec record high C =22.9
| year record high C =
| Jan high C =7.7
| Feb high C =11.1
| Mar high C =15.5
| Apr high C =20.3
| May high C =25.6
| Jun high C =30.4
| Jul high C =33.3
| Aug high C =33.6
| Sep high C =28.1
| Oct high C =21.4
| Nov high C =14.6
| Dec high C =8.6
| year high C =
| Jan mean C =3.1
| Feb mean C =5.5
| Mar mean C =9.4
| Apr mean C =13.9
| May mean C =18.9
| Jun mean C =23.4
| Jul mean C =25.9
| Aug mean C =25.9
| Sep mean C =20.9
| Oct mean C =14.9
| Nov mean C =9.2
| Dec mean C =4.2
| year mean C =
| Jan low C =-0.7
| Feb low C =1.0
| Mar low C =4.2
| Apr low C =8.1
| May low C =12.7
| Jun low C =16.7
| Jul low C =18.9
| Aug low C =19.0
| Sep low C =14.7
| Oct low C =10.0
| Nov low C =5.1
| Dec low C =0.7
| year low C =
| Jan record low C =-21.0
| Feb record low C =-13.9
| Mar record low C =-10.4
| Apr record low C =-6.5
| May record low C =1.8
| Jun record low C =5.9
| Jul record low C =10.0
| Aug record low C =8.2
| Sep record low C =3.0
| Oct record low C =-2.7
| Nov record low C =-12.0
| Dec record low C =-16.2
| year record low C =
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm =39
| Feb precipitation mm =34
| Mar precipitation mm =44
| Apr precipitation mm =43
| May precipitation mm =45
| Jun precipitation mm =47
| Jul precipitation mm =34
| Aug precipitation mm =30
| Sep precipitation mm =37
| Oct precipitation mm =51
| Nov precipitation mm =46
| Dec precipitation mm =55
| year precipitation mm =
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| precip days colour =
| Jan precipitation days =6
| Feb precipitation days =6
| Mar precipitation days =6
| Apr precipitation days =6
| May precipitation days =7
| Jun precipitation days =6
| Jul precipitation days =5
| Aug precipitation days =3
| Sep precipitation days =5
| Oct precipitation days =5
| Nov precipitation days =6
| Dec precipitation days =7
| year precipitation days =
| Jan humidity =75
| Feb humidity =71
| Mar humidity =66
| Apr humidity =62
| May humidity =62
| Jun humidity =59
| Jul humidity =54
| Aug humidity =55
| Sep humidity =59
| Oct humidity =67
| Nov humidity =77
| Dec humidity =78
| year humidity =
| Jan sun =126
| Feb sun =146
| Mar sun =195
| Apr sun =217
| May sun =268
| Jun sun =310
| Jul sun =350
| Aug sun =334
| Sep sun =254
| Oct sun =197
| Nov sun =134
| Dec sun =110
| year sun =
| Jan light = 9.6
| Feb light = 10.6
| Mar light = 12.0
| Apr light = 13.4
| May light = 14.5
| Jun light = 15.1
| Jul light = 14.8
| Aug light = 13.8
| Sep light = 12.5
| Oct light = 11.1
| Nov light = 9.9
| Dec light = 9.2
| year light=
|source = NOAA NCEI<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Bulgaria/CSV/Sandanski_15712.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Bulgaria-Sandanski |access-date=2024-01-11 |publisher=NOAA |format=CSV}}</ref>(Humidity 1961-1990<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/RA-VI/BU/15712.TXT |title=Station Name: Sandanski WMO Station Number: 15712 |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=NOAA}}</ref>)Weather atlas(Daylight hours)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/bulgaria/sandanski-climate |title=Climate and monthly weather forecast: Sandanski, Bulgaria |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=Weather Atlas}}</ref>

}}
{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Sandanski (1981–2010), Precipitation (2010-2020)
|location = Sandanski (1981–2010), Precipitation (2010-2020)
Line 66: Line 211:
|Dec record high C = 22.9
|Dec record high C = 22.9
|year record high C = 44.6
|year record high C = 44.6
|Jan high C = 8.5
|Jan high C = 7.0
|Feb high C = 10.2
|Feb high C = 10.2
|Mar high C = 14.9
|Mar high C = 14.9
|Apr high C = 21.5
|Apr high C = 20.5
|May high C = 26.5
|May high C = 26.5
|Jun high C = 31.5
|Jun high C = 30.1
|Jul high C = 35.5
|Jul high C = 32.9
|Aug high C = 35.6
|Aug high C = 32.8
|Sep high C = 29.5
|Sep high C = 28.9
|Oct high C = 23.8
|Oct high C = 22.3
|Nov high C = 16.1
|Nov high C = 15.5
|Dec high C = 11.5
|Dec high C = 9.7
|year high C = 22.5
|year high C = 20.9
|Jan mean C = 3
|Jan mean C = 3.5
|Feb mean C = 6.9
|Feb mean C = 5.6
|Mar mean C = 10.1
|Mar mean C = 9.5
|Apr mean C = 16.9
|Apr mean C = 14.5
|May mean C = 20.9
|May mean C = 19.5
|Jun mean C = 24.2
|Jun mean C = 24.2
|Jul mean C = 28.6
|Jul mean C = 27.6
|Aug mean C = 28.3
|Aug mean C = 27.3
|Sep mean C = 22.7
|Sep mean C = 21.7
|Oct mean C = 15.8
|Oct mean C = 15.6
|Nov mean C = 10.5
|Nov mean C = 10.5
|Dec mean C = 7.2
|Dec mean C = 4.9
|year mean C = 16.3
|year mean C = 15.4
|Jan low C = 2.1
|Jan low C = -0.1
|Feb low C = 2.8
|Feb low C = 1.0
|Mar low C = 5.8
|Mar low C = 4.5
|Apr low C = 11.5
|Apr low C = 9.1
|May low C = 14.3
|May low C = 13.5
|Jun low C = 17.8
|Jun low C = 17.1
|Jul low C = 20.1
|Jul low C = 19.5
|Aug low C = 20.3
|Aug low C = 19.3
|Sep low C = 16.2
|Sep low C = 15.3
|Oct low C = 11.7
|Oct low C = 10.7
|Nov low C = 7.9
|Nov low C = 5.2
|Dec low C = 4.1
|Dec low C = 1.7
|year low C = 11.5
|year low C = 9.7
|Jan record low C = -21.0
|Jan record low C = -21.0
|Feb record low C = -15.3
|Feb record low C = -15.3

Latest revision as of 23:04, 22 October 2024

For other uses, see Sandanski (disambiguation).
Sandanski
Сандански
Town
Sandanski is located in Bulgaria
Sandanski
Sandanski
Location of Sandanski
Coordinates: 41°34′N 23°17′E / 41.567°N 23.283°E / 41.567; 23.283
CountryBulgaria
Province
(Oblast)		Blagoevgrad
Government
 • MayorAtanas Stoyanov
Area
 • Town
26.867 km2 (10.373 sq mi)
Elevation
296 m (971 ft)
Population
 (Census 2021)[1]
 • Town
24,682
 • Density920/km2 (2,400/sq mi)
 • Urban
36,335
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal Code
2800
Area code0746
WebsiteOfficial website

Sandanski (Bulgarian: Сандански [sɐnˈdanski]; Greek: Σαντάνσκι, formerly known as Sveti Vrach, Bulgarian: Свети Врач, until 1947)[2] is a town and a recreation center in southwestern Bulgaria, part of Blagoevgrad Province. Named after the Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary Yane Sandanski, it is situated in Sandanski–Petrich Valley at the foot of Pirin Mountains, along the banks of Sandanska Bistritsa River. Sandanski is about 20 km away from the Bulgaria-Greece border and 100 km away from the Aegean Sea.

The town has a convenient location, a mild to warm climate (with the highest average annual temperature in the country, +16°C) and relatively high concentration of thermal water springs, which all make it a popular destination for relaxation and recreation.

Geography

[edit]

Sandanski is located in the Sandanski–Petrich Valley, surrounded by the Pirin, Belasitsa and Ograzhden mountain ranges. The town is about 160 km south from Bulgaria's capital Sofia along the major European Route E79. Following the same route at almost the same distance is Thessaloniki, Greece's second largest city.

Sandanski has developed in an amphitheatrical fashion on the outer south-west flanks of Pirin Mountains along the lower reaches of Sandanska Bistritsa River. The town's altitude varies between 240 and 300 meters. Its geographical location between Kresna and Rupel Gorges determines the town's mild winter and unpleasant summer temperatures. Statistically Sandanski has the warmest temperatures in Bulgaria with a total of around 2700 annual sunshine hours.

Within a short drive from Sandanski is Melnik, the smallest town in Bulgaria in terms of population, but an attractive tourist destination for its authentic architecture and wine production. In a close proximity are the village of Rozhen and Rozhen Monastery. The Ancient Roman city of Parthicopolis was located nearby.[3]

Climate

[edit]
Climate of Sandanski

Sandanski has a temperate climate (Köppen Climate Classification: Cfa). Summers are very hot and dry with occasional thunderstorms and during heat waves the temperature may exceed 40 °C reaching to 45 °C, the highest recorded temperature in the city. Winters are damp and relatively mild, lasting for about three months from December through February. Springs and falls are generally about two months each. The summer is the longest season in Sandanski, lasting 4 months – from early June to late September. Precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year except for July and August when droughts often occur.



Climate table:

Climate data for Sandanski (1991–2020), Extremes 1961-2020
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.7
(65.7) 		22.8
(73.0) 		27.8
(82.0) 		32.2
(90.0) 		36.0
(96.8) 		42.0
(107.6) 		44.6
(112.3) 		42.4
(108.3) 		38.9
(102.0) 		33.4
(92.1) 		27.0
(80.6) 		22.9
(73.2) 		44.6
(112.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.7
(45.9) 		11.1
(52.0) 		15.5
(59.9) 		20.3
(68.5) 		25.6
(78.1) 		30.4
(86.7) 		33.3
(91.9) 		33.6
(92.5) 		28.1
(82.6) 		21.4
(70.5) 		14.6
(58.3) 		8.6
(47.5) 		20.8
(69.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.1
(37.6) 		5.5
(41.9) 		9.4
(48.9) 		13.9
(57.0) 		18.9
(66.0) 		23.4
(74.1) 		25.9
(78.6) 		25.9
(78.6) 		20.9
(69.6) 		14.9
(58.8) 		9.2
(48.6) 		4.2
(39.6) 		14.6
(58.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.7
(30.7) 		1.0
(33.8) 		4.2
(39.6) 		8.1
(46.6) 		12.7
(54.9) 		16.7
(62.1) 		18.9
(66.0) 		19.0
(66.2) 		14.7
(58.5) 		10.0
(50.0) 		5.1
(41.2) 		0.7
(33.3) 		9.2
(48.6)
Record low °C (°F) −21.0
(−5.8) 		−13.9
(7.0) 		−10.4
(13.3) 		−6.5
(20.3) 		1.8
(35.2) 		5.9
(42.6) 		10.0
(50.0) 		8.2
(46.8) 		3.0
(37.4) 		−2.7
(27.1) 		−12.0
(10.4) 		−16.2
(2.8) 		−21.0
(−5.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 39
(1.5) 		34
(1.3) 		44
(1.7) 		43
(1.7) 		45
(1.8) 		47
(1.9) 		34
(1.3) 		30
(1.2) 		37
(1.5) 		51
(2.0) 		46
(1.8) 		55
(2.2) 		505
(19.9)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 6 6 6 6 7 6 5 3 5 5 6 7 68
Average relative humidity (%) 75 71 66 62 62 59 54 55 59 67 77 78 65
Mean monthly sunshine hours 126 146 195 217 268 310 350 334 254 197 134 110 2,641
Mean daily daylight hours 9.6 10.6 12.0 13.4 14.5 15.1 14.8 13.8 12.5 11.1 9.9 9.2 12.2
Source: NOAA NCEI[4](Humidity 1961-1990[5])Weather atlas(Daylight hours)[6]
Climate data for Sandanski (1981–2010), Precipitation (2010-2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.0
(64.4) 		21.9
(71.4) 		30.0
(86.0) 		31.5
(88.7) 		36.8
(98.2) 		42.0
(107.6) 		44.6
(112.3) 		42.5
(108.5) 		38.7
(101.7) 		34.6
(94.3) 		26.0
(78.8) 		22.9
(73.2) 		44.6
(112.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.0
(44.6) 		10.2
(50.4) 		14.9
(58.8) 		20.5
(68.9) 		26.5
(79.7) 		30.1
(86.2) 		32.9
(91.2) 		32.8
(91.0) 		28.9
(84.0) 		22.3
(72.1) 		15.5
(59.9) 		9.7
(49.5) 		20.9
(69.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.5
(38.3) 		5.6
(42.1) 		9.5
(49.1) 		14.5
(58.1) 		19.5
(67.1) 		24.2
(75.6) 		27.6
(81.7) 		27.3
(81.1) 		21.7
(71.1) 		15.6
(60.1) 		10.5
(50.9) 		4.9
(40.8) 		15.4
(59.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.1
(31.8) 		1.0
(33.8) 		4.5
(40.1) 		9.1
(48.4) 		13.5
(56.3) 		17.1
(62.8) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.3
(66.7) 		15.3
(59.5) 		10.7
(51.3) 		5.2
(41.4) 		1.7
(35.1) 		9.7
(49.5)
Record low °C (°F) −21.0
(−5.8) 		−15.3
(4.5) 		−9.4
(15.1) 		−4.3
(24.3) 		1.5
(34.7) 		6.7
(44.1) 		8.8
(47.8) 		6.5
(43.7) 		1.0
(33.8) 		−2.1
(28.2) 		−7.5
(18.5) 		−16.9
(1.6) 		−21.0
(−5.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 43.1
(1.70) 		38.4
(1.51) 		53.7
(2.11) 		40.9
(1.61) 		43.4
(1.71) 		54.9
(2.16) 		29.7
(1.17) 		30.3
(1.19) 		40.4
(1.59) 		54.8
(2.16) 		47.5
(1.87) 		50.3
(1.98) 		527.3
(20.76)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 5.3 5.3 5.2 6.2 6.9 5.6 4.5 3.5 4.2 5.3 6.3 7.8 66.1
Average snowy days 5.1 2.4 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 3.2 11.9
Mean monthly sunshine hours 123 144 211 232 286 311 369 348 256 212 131 100 2,723
Percent possible sunshine 43 49 52 54 60 69 77 78 70 58 45 36 60
Source: stringmeteo.com[7]

Municipality

[edit]

Sandanski is the seat of Sandanski Municipality, which includes the following 54 places:

Map of Sandanski, Bulgaria

Honour

[edit]

Sandanski Point on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after the town of Sandanski.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Население по области, общини, местоживеене и пол: Национален статистически институт". nsi.bg. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
  2. ^ "История" (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on 2008-10-02. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  3. ^ Kantor, Georgy (2021). Lavan, Myles; Ando, Clifford (eds.). Roman and local citizenship in the long second century CE. New York, NY. p. 236 n. 21. ISBN 978-0-19-757389-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Bulgaria-Sandanski" (CSV). NOAA. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
  5. ^ "Station Name: Sandanski WMO Station Number: 15712". ncei.noaa.gov. NOAA. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
  6. ^ "Climate and monthly weather forecast: Sandanski, Bulgaria". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
  7. ^ Николов, Иван. "Век. месечен архив Бг". www.stringmeteo.com.
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