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Coordinates: 45°22′29″N 21°42′38″E / 45.37472°N 21.71056°E / 45.37472; 21.71056
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{{for|other uses|Bocșa (disambiguation)}}
{{other uses|Bocșa (disambiguation)}}
{{unreferenced|date=March 2013}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2013}}
{{Infobox Romanian subdivision
{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox settlement-->
|type = town
|coordinates_display = inline,title
|county = Caraș-Severin
|coordinates_region = RO
|population_total = auto
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|map_caption = Location in Caraș-Severin County
|subdivision_name = {{ROU}}
|official_name = Bocșa
|timezone=[[Eastern European Time|EET]]
|image_shield = ROU CS Bocsa CoA.png
|utc_offset=+2
|image_map = Bocsa jud Caras-Severin.png
|timezone_DST=[[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
|image_skyline = Primaria Bocsa.jpg
|utc_offset_DST=+3
|image_caption = Town Hall
|map_caption = Location of Bocșa|
|leader_name = Patriciu-Mirel Pascu<ref>{{cite web |url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27062021/romania-pv-final |title=Results of the 2021 local elections |publisher=Central Electoral Bureau |access-date=29 June 2021 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
official_name=Bocșa|
|leader_party = PSD
image_shield=ROU CS Bocsa CoA.png|
|term = 2021&ndash;2024
image_map=Bocsa_in_Romania.png|
|coordinates = {{coord|45|22|29|N|21|42|38|E|region:RO|display=inline,title}}
image_skyline=Primaria Bocsa.jpg|
|elevation = 159
image_caption=Town Hall
|elevation_min =
|subdivision_type1=[[Counties of Romania|County]]|
|elevation_max =
subdivision_name1=Caraș-Severin County|
|area_total = 122.02
|subdivision_type2=[[Subdivisions of Romania|Status]]|
|population_as_of =
subdivision_name2={{Autolink|Town}}
|population_footnotes =
|settlement_type=Town||
|postal_code = 325300
|leader_title=[[Mayor]]|
|area_code =
leader_name=Eugen Cişmăneanţu|
|website = {{url|http://www.orasulbocsa.ro}}
leader_party=|
area_total_km2=122.02|
population_as_of=2011|
population_total=15,842|population_footnotes=|
population_density_km2=auto
|latd=45|latm=22|lats=29|latNS=N|longd=21|longm=42|longs=38|longEW=E|
website=http://www.primariabocsa.ro
}}
}}


'''Bocșa''' ({{IPA-ro|ˈbokʃa|-|Ro-Bocșa.ogg}}; {{lang-hu|Boksánbánya}}; {{lang-de|Deutsch-Bokschan, Neuwerk}}) is a town in [[Caraș-Severin County]], in southwestern [[Romania]], with a population of 15,842 in 2011.
'''Bocșa''' ({{IPA|ro|ˈbokʃa|-|Ro-Bocșa.ogg}}; {{langx|hu|Boksánbánya}}; {{langx|de|Deutsch-Bokschan, Neuwerk}}) is a town in [[Caraș-Severin County]], in the [[Banat]] region of [[Romania]], with a population of 12,949 in 2021.
== Etymology ==
The name "Bocșa" is believed to originate from the Slavic word "bok," meaning "side" or "hill," which reflects the town's geographical location in a hilly region.<ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=Istoric Bocșa |url=https://orasulbocsa.ro/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/istoricbocsa.pdf |website=Orasul Bocșa |publisher=Primăria Bocșa |access-date=15 August 2024}}</ref>
==Geography==
The town is located in the southwestern part of Romania. The town has a length of {{cvt|20.2|km|mi}} and an area of approximately {{cvt|675.9|ha|acre}}. It is located {{cvt|80|km|mi}} from Timișoara and {{cvt|18|km|mi}} from Reșița.<ref name="auto"/> and is traversed by the [[Roads in Romania|national road]] {{ill|DN58B|ro}}, which connects Reșița to [[Voiteg]], in [[Timiș County]]. Bocșa lies on the banks of the [[Bârzava (Timiș)|Bârzava River]]. To the east lie the [[Western Carpathians|Western Carpathian Mountains]], offering a mountainous environment rich in natural resources, particularly iron, copper, and other non-ferrous minerals.<ref name="auto"/> Directly to the east of Bocșa, the [[Pannonian Basin]] begins, featuring [[Pannonian Steppe|steppe-like]] landscapes.
==History==

Bocșa has a long-standing development dating back to the [[Neolithic]] era. It has seen continuous habitation through the [[Bronze Age]] and [[Iron Age]], and during [[Roman Empire|Roman]] times, it was a site for gold exploitation. First mentioned in a document in 1331, Bocșa has experienced various occupations, including [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian]] and [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule.<ref name="auto"/> The town has a long tradition of mining, particularly for [[Iron ore|iron]] and [[copper]]. Mining activities date back to the 16th and 17th centuries under [[Ottoman Empire|Turkish rule]], where copper and iron were extracted. During the [[Habsburg Monarchy|Habsburg period]], Austrian miners revitalized the industry, establishing ironworks such as the "Altwerk" in 1719 and "Neuwerk" in 1722. These facilities processed iron ore from local sources, including the nearby [[Semenic|Semenic Mountains]] and [[Lupac]]. The industrial development of Bocșa was further enhanced by the construction of a railway for industrial use in the 19th century and the establishment of a hydroelectric plant in 1896. Over time, the town transitioned to producing agricultural machinery, but mining remained a significant part of its economic history.<ref>{{cite web |title=Geschichte des Bergbaus im Banater Bergland |url=http://www2015.banater-berglanddeutsche.de/home.php?id=a13b2c1de&adm= |website=Banater Berglanddeutsche |access-date=15 August 2024}}</ref> Bocșa also became a cultural and educational hub, with diverse religious institutions due to successive waves of colonization. <ref name="auto"/>

== Demography ==
Within the 2002 census recording 15,041 Romanians, 643 Roma, 596 Hungarians, 432 Germans, 64 Slovaks, 61 Serbs, 28 Ukrainians, and 17 Czechs were living in Bocșa.<ref name="auto"/>






==Natives==
* [[Nicolae Bocșan]] (1947–2016), historian
* [[Vasile Ciocoi]] (born 1976), footballer
* [[Sorin Frunzăverde]] (1960–2019), politician
* [[Ilona Kerekes]] (1926–2023), Hungarian international table tennis player
* [[Constantin Lucaci]] (1923–2014), sculptor
* [[Roco Sandu]] (born 1966), footballer
* [[Sándor Szurmay]] (1860–1945), Hungarian military officer and politician

==Climate==
Bocșa has a [[humid continental climate]] (''Cfb'' in the [[Köppen climate classification]]).

<div style="width:65%;">
{{Weather box
|location = Bocșa
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 3.8
|Feb high C = 5.9
|Mar high C = 11.1
|Apr high C = 16.8
|May high C = 21.3
|Jun high C = 24.6
|Jul high C = 26.6
|Aug high C = 26.9
|Sep high C = 21.7
|Oct high C = 16.6
|Nov high C = 11.2
|Dec high C = 4.9
|year high C =
|Jan mean C = 0.2
|Feb mean C = 1.8
|Mar mean C = 6.3
|Apr mean C = 11.7
|May mean C = 16.3
|Jun mean C = 19.9
|Jul mean C = 21.8
|Aug mean C = 21.9
|Sep mean C = 17
|Oct mean C = 11.7
|Nov mean C = 6.9
|Dec mean C = 1.6
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = -3.1
|Feb low C = -2.1
|Mar low C = 1.3
|Apr low C = 6
|May low C = 10.6
|Jun low C = 14.3
|Jul low C = 16.3
|Aug low C = 16.4
|Sep low C = 12.2
|Oct low C = 7.2
|Nov low C = 3.3
|Dec low C = -1.5
|year low C =
|Jan precipitation mm = 57
|Feb precipitation mm = 56
|Mar precipitation mm = 61
|Apr precipitation mm = 78
|May precipitation mm = 82
|Jun precipitation mm = 101
|Jul precipitation mm = 81
|Aug precipitation mm = 73
|Sep precipitation mm = 74
|Oct precipitation mm = 61
|Nov precipitation mm = 57
|Dec precipitation mm = 66
|year precipitation =
|date=May 2021|source=https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/caras-severin/bocsa-10735/}}
</div>

{{Historical populations
{{Historical populations
|source = Census data
|source = Census data
Line 40: Line 122:
|2002 |19023
|2002 |19023
|2011 |15842
|2011 |15842
|2021 |12949
}}
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}


{{commons category|Bocșa}}
{{commons category|Bocșa}}


{{Caraș-Severin County}}
{{Caraș-Severin County}}

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Bocsa}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bocsa}}
[[Category:Populated places in Caraș-Severin County]]
[[Category:Populated places in Caraș-Severin County]]
[[Category:Localities in Romanian Banat]]
[[Category:Towns in Romania]]
[[Category:Towns in Romania]]
[[Category:Mining communities in Romania]]
[[Category:Mining communities in Romania]]

Latest revision as of 17:56, 23 October 2024

For other uses, see Bocșa (disambiguation).
Bocșa
Town
Town Hall
Town Hall
Coat of arms of Bocșa
Coat of arms
Location in Caraș-Severin County
Location in Caraș-Severin County
Bocșa is located in Romania
Bocșa
Bocșa
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°22′29″N 21°42′38″E / 45.37472°N 21.71056°E / 45.37472; 21.71056
CountryRomania
CountyCaraș-Severin
Government
 • Mayor (2021–2024) Patriciu-Mirel Pascu[1] (PSD)
Area
122.02 km2 (47.11 sq mi)
Elevation
159 m (522 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[2]
12,949
 • Density110/km2 (270/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
325300
Vehicle reg.CS
Websitewww.orasulbocsa.ro

Bocșa (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈbokʃa] ⓘ; Hungarian: Boksánbánya; German: Deutsch-Bokschan, Neuwerk) is a town in Caraș-Severin County, in the Banat region of Romania, with a population of 12,949 in 2021.

Etymology

[edit]

The name "Bocșa" is believed to originate from the Slavic word "bok," meaning "side" or "hill," which reflects the town's geographical location in a hilly region.[3]

Geography

[edit]

The town is located in the southwestern part of Romania. The town has a length of 20.2 km (12.6 mi) and an area of approximately 675.9 ha (1,670 acres). It is located 80 km (50 mi) from Timișoara and 18 km (11 mi) from Reșița.[3] and is traversed by the national road DN58B [ro], which connects Reșița to Voiteg, in Timiș County. Bocșa lies on the banks of the Bârzava River. To the east lie the Western Carpathian Mountains, offering a mountainous environment rich in natural resources, particularly iron, copper, and other non-ferrous minerals.[3] Directly to the east of Bocșa, the Pannonian Basin begins, featuring steppe-like landscapes.

History

[edit]

Bocșa has a long-standing development dating back to the Neolithic era. It has seen continuous habitation through the Bronze Age and Iron Age, and during Roman times, it was a site for gold exploitation. First mentioned in a document in 1331, Bocșa has experienced various occupations, including Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman rule.[3] The town has a long tradition of mining, particularly for iron and copper. Mining activities date back to the 16th and 17th centuries under Turkish rule, where copper and iron were extracted. During the Habsburg period, Austrian miners revitalized the industry, establishing ironworks such as the "Altwerk" in 1719 and "Neuwerk" in 1722. These facilities processed iron ore from local sources, including the nearby Semenic Mountains and Lupac. The industrial development of Bocșa was further enhanced by the construction of a railway for industrial use in the 19th century and the establishment of a hydroelectric plant in 1896. Over time, the town transitioned to producing agricultural machinery, but mining remained a significant part of its economic history.[4] Bocșa also became a cultural and educational hub, with diverse religious institutions due to successive waves of colonization. [3]

Demography

[edit]

Within the 2002 census recording 15,041 Romanians, 643 Roma, 596 Hungarians, 432 Germans, 64 Slovaks, 61 Serbs, 28 Ukrainians, and 17 Czechs were living in Bocșa.[3]




Natives

[edit]

Climate

[edit]

Bocșa has a humid continental climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification).

Climate data for Bocșa
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 3.8
(38.8) 		5.9
(42.6) 		11.1
(52.0) 		16.8
(62.2) 		21.3
(70.3) 		24.6
(76.3) 		26.6
(79.9) 		26.9
(80.4) 		21.7
(71.1) 		16.6
(61.9) 		11.2
(52.2) 		4.9
(40.8) 		15.9
(60.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.2
(32.4) 		1.8
(35.2) 		6.3
(43.3) 		11.7
(53.1) 		16.3
(61.3) 		19.9
(67.8) 		21.8
(71.2) 		21.9
(71.4) 		17
(63) 		11.7
(53.1) 		6.9
(44.4) 		1.6
(34.9) 		11.4
(52.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −3.1
(26.4) 		−2.1
(28.2) 		1.3
(34.3) 		6
(43) 		10.6
(51.1) 		14.3
(57.7) 		16.3
(61.3) 		16.4
(61.5) 		12.2
(54.0) 		7.2
(45.0) 		3.3
(37.9) 		−1.5
(29.3) 		6.7
(44.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 57
(2.2) 		56
(2.2) 		61
(2.4) 		78
(3.1) 		82
(3.2) 		101
(4.0) 		81
(3.2) 		73
(2.9) 		74
(2.9) 		61
(2.4) 		57
(2.2) 		66
(2.6) 		847
(33.3)
Source: https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/caras-severin/bocsa-10735/
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1966 16,015—    
1977 20,731+29.4%
1992 19,152−7.6%
2002 19,023−0.7%
2011 15,842−16.7%
2021 12,949−18.3%
Source: Census data

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Results of the 2021 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
  2. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Istoric Bocșa" (PDF). Orasul Bocșa. Primăria Bocșa. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
  4. ^ "Geschichte des Bergbaus im Banater Bergland". Banater Berglanddeutsche. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
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