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{{short description|University of Miami honor society}}
{{Short description|Honor society at University of Miami, US}}
{{Infobox fraternity
⚫
[[Image:Iajacket.JPG|thumb|upright=1.1|The distinctive [[Seminole]] [[patchwork]] jackets worn by members of the [[University of Miami]]'s Iron Arrow Honor Society, the highest honor bestowed by the university.]]
| name = Iron Arrow Honor Society
The '''Iron Arrow Honor Society''' is an [[honor society]] at the [[University of Miami]] in [[Coral Gables, Florida]] for students, faculty, staff and alumni.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www6.miami.edu/UMH/CDA/UMH_Main/0,1770,6583-1;38746-3,00.html|title=History {{!}} University of Miami|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091120101331/http://www6.miami.edu/UMH/CDA/UMH_Main/0%2C1770%2C6583-1%3B38746-3%2C00.html|archive-date=2009-11-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ironarrow.com/IronArrowNominationForm.doc|title=Iron Arrow Nomination Form|access-date=2009-09-22|format=doc}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> It is the highest honor that can be bestowed by the university.<ref>[http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html "Arrowheads," ''Miami magazine'', Fall 2000.]{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091120021357/http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html |date=2009-11-20 }}</ref>
| letters =
| crest = The_jacket_of_the_Iron_Arrow_Honor_Society.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| founded = {{Start date and age|1926}}
| birthplace = [[University of Miami]]
| status = Active
| affiliation = Independent
| type = Honor Society
| emphasis = Scholarship and leadership
| scope = Local
| chapters = 1
| address = P.O. Box 248688
| city = [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]]
| state = [[Florida]]
| ZIP code = 33124
| country = United States
| website = {{url|https://ironarrow.miami.edu/}}
}}
⚫
[[Image:Iajacket.JPG|thumb|The distinctive [[Seminole]] [[patchwork]] jackets worn by members of the [[University of Miami]]'s Iron Arrow Honor Society, the highest honor bestowed by the university]]
The '''Iron Arrow Honor Society''' is an [[honor society]] at the [[University of Miami]] in [[Coral Gables, Florida]] for students, faculty, staff, and alumni. It is the highest honor that the university can bestow upon someone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091120021357/http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html "Arrow Heads,"] ''Miami magazine'', Fall 2000</ref>


Founded at the University of Miami in 1926, the society admits about thirty members annually, including [[Undergraduate education|undergraduates]], students at the [[University of Miami School of Law|School of Law]], and [[Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine|Miller School of Medicine]], alumni, and faculty/staff/administrators. Membership requires unanimous votes of the membership. Criteria include [[scholarship]], [[leadership]], [[Moral character|character]], [[humility]], and love of [[alma mater]].
Founded at the University of Miami in 1926, the society admits about thirty members annually, including [[Undergraduate education|undergraduate]], [[University of Miami School of Law|School of Law]] and [[Miller School of Medicine]] students, alumni, and University of Miami faculty, staff, and administrators. Membership requires unanimous votes of the membership. Criteria include [[scholarship]], [[leadership]], [[Moral character|character]], [[humility]], and love of [[alma mater]].


==History==
==History==
The society was founded in 1926 as the "Highest Honor Attained by Men." In 1937, Nu Kappa Tau, a separate sister organization at the university, was founded as "The Highest Honor Attained by Women." In 1966, Nu Kappa Tau became affiliated with the national honor society [[Mortar Board]], "leaving Iron Arrow to carry the tradition alone."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html |title=Arrow Heads |first=Cheryl |last=Chapman |work=Miami Magazine (alumni publication) |date=Fall 2000 |access-date=2009-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091120021357/http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html |archive-date=2009-11-20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Femmer|first=Randolph|title=Iron Arrow: A History|year=1976|publisher=Iron Arrow Honor Society - University of Miami|location=Coral Gables, Florida|pages=174|edition=1st |others=Thad Kock Jr (Illust)}}</ref>
The society was founded in 1926 as the "Highest Honor Attained by Men." In 1937, Nu Kappa Tau, a separate sister organization at the university, was founded as "The Highest Honor Attained by Women." In 1966, Nu Kappa Tau became affiliated with the national honor society [[Mortar Board]], "leaving Iron Arrow to carry the tradition alone."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html |title=Arrow Heads |first=Cheryl |last=Chapman |work=Miami Magazine (alumni publication) |date=Fall 2000 |access-date=2009-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091120021357/http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html |archive-date=2009-11-20 }}</ref><ref name=1976History>{{cite book|last=Femmer|first=Randolph|title=Iron Arrow: A History|year=1976|publisher=Iron Arrow Honor Society - University of Miami|location=Coral Gables, Florida|pages=174|edition=1st |others=Thad Kock Jr (Illust)}}</ref>


In 1976, the [[federal government of the United States|federal government]] notified the University of Miami that it was providing significant assistance to Iron Arrow in violation of [[Title&nbsp;IX]] of the [[Education Amendments of 1972]]. The university responded by having Iron Arrow move its tapping ceremony off campus and negotiated with it to accept women members. Iron Arrow, in turn, sued the federal government seeking the right to continue on campus as a male-only organization. In 1982, university president [[Edward T. Foote&nbsp;II]] wrote Iron Arrow stating that regardless of the court case's outcome, Iron Arrow would not be allowed back on campus as a male-only organization. This rendered the court case moot before it was scheduled to be heard in 1983 by the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S.&nbsp;Supreme Court]] in ''Iron Arrow Honor Soc. v. Heckler'' ({{Ussc|464|67|}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&friend=nytimes&court=US&case=/us/464/67.html|title=Iron Arrow Honor Society v. Heckler, 464 U.S. 67 (1983)|publisher=[[FindLaw]]}}</ref>
In 1976, the [[federal government of the United States|federal government]] notified the University of Miami that it was providing significant assistance to Iron Arrow in violation of [[Title&nbsp;IX]] of the [[Education Amendments of 1972]]. The university responded by having Iron Arrow move its tapping ceremony off campus and negotiated with it to accept women members. Iron Arrow, in turn, sued the federal government seeking the right to continue on campus as a male-only organization.
In 1982, university president [[Edward T. Foote&nbsp;II]] wrote Iron Arrow stating that regardless of the court case's outcome, Iron Arrow would not be allowed back on campus as a male-only organization. This rendered the court case moot before it was scheduled to be heard in 1983 by the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S.&nbsp;Supreme Court]] in ''Iron Arrow Honor Soc. v. Heckler'' ({{Ussc|464|67|}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&friend=nytimes&court=US&case=/us/464/67.html|title=Iron Arrow Honor Society v. Heckler, 464 U.S. 67 (1983)|work=[[FindLaw]]}}</ref>


In 1985, breaking with over fifty years of tradition, the society's all-male membership voted to admit women and Iron Arrow was allowed back on campus.
In 1985, breaking with over fifty years of tradition, the society's all-male membership voted to admit women and Iron Arrow was allowed back on campus.


The history of Iron Arrow Honor Society has been the subject of two books, ''Iron Arrow: A History'', published in 1976, and ''Iron Arrow: A History, Seventy-Five Years'', published in 2001.
Iron Arrow Honor Society has been the subject of two books, ''Iron Arrow: A History'' (published in 1976) and ''Iron Arrow: A History, Seventy-Five Years'' (published in 2001).

In 2022, the University of Miami's student senate passed a resolution calling for the disaffiliation of the society from the university.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jacoby |first=Jenny |date=2022-05-05 |title=Senate passes bill to remove Iron Arrow as highest honor - The Miami Hurricane |url=https://themiamihurricane.com/2022/05/05/senate-passes-bill-to-remove-iron-arrow-as-highest-honor/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |website=themiamihurricane.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Symbols==
The Iron Arrow Honor Society adopted [[Seminole]] Indian motifs for its symbolism, including the regalia of a Seminole-themed jacket worn as its emblem. A version of this jacket serves as the identifying logo on its website.<ref name=1976History />


==Controversies==
==Controversies==
Iron Arrow has faced criticism from some in the UM community and some [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] for "cultural appropriation." Iron Arrow is an officially sanctioned clan of the [[Miccosukee]] tribe of Florida.<ref>[https://www.themiamihurricane.com/2019/11/18/native-american-students-call-for-changes-within-iron-arrow/ "Native American students call for changes within Iron Arrow,"] ''[[The Miami Hurricane]]'', July 27, 2020, retrieved July 27, 2020</ref>
In July 2020, Iron Arrow faced criticism from some in the University of Miami community and some [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] for "cultural appropriation," though the Iron Arrow Honor Society is an officially sanctioned clan of the [[Miccosukee]] tribe of [[Florida]].<ref>[https://www.themiamihurricane.com/2019/11/18/native-american-students-call-for-changes-within-iron-arrow/ "Native American students call for changes within Iron Arrow,"] ''[[The Miami Hurricane]]'', July 27, 2020, retrieved July 27, 2020</ref>


==Prominent members==
==Notable members==
[[Image:Dante Fascell.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Dante Fascell]]]]
[[Image:Dante Fascell.jpg|thumb|[[Dante Fascell]]|201x201px]]
[[Image:Gloria Estefan 2009.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Gloria Estefan]]]]
[[Image:Gloria Estefan 2009.jpg|thumb|[[Gloria Estefan]]|209x209px]]
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
|-
! scope="col" | Alumni
! scope="col" | Name
! scope="col" | Notability
! scope="col" | Notability
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Bowman Foster Ashe]]
! scope="row" | [[Bowman Foster Ashe]]
| First president of the [[University of Miami]]
| former president of the [[University of Miami]]
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Xavier Cortada]]
! scope="row" | [[Xavier Cortada]]
| Artist
| artist
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Gloria Estefan]]
! scope="row" | [[Gloria Estefan]]
| Multiple [[Grammy Award]]-winning singer, songwriter<ref>[http://www.miami.edu/index.php/news/releases/estefan_tapped_into_iron_arrow/ Estefan Tapped into Iron Arrow] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140609075219/http://www.miami.edu/index.php/news/releases/estefan_tapped_into_iron_arrow/ |date=2014-06-09 }} News Releases. University of Miami. April 22, 2014. Retrieved November 28, 2014</ref>
| [[Grammy Award]]-winning singer and songwriter<ref>[http://www.miami.edu/index.php/news/releases/estefan_tapped_into_iron_arrow/ Estefan Tapped into Iron Arrow] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140609075219/http://www.miami.edu/index.php/news/releases/estefan_tapped_into_iron_arrow/ |date=2014-06-09 }} News Releases. University of Miami. April 22, 2014. Retrieved November 28, 2014</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Dante Fascell]]
! scope="row" | [[Dante Fascell]]
| Former U.S. member of Congress
| former U.S. member of Congress
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Michael Johns (policy analyst)|Michael Johns]]
! scope="row" | [[Michael Johns (policy analyst)|Michael Johns]]
|[[Health care]] executive, former [[White House]] speechwriter for U.S. president [[George H. W. Bush]]
| [[health care]] executive and former [[White House]] presidential speechwriter
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Dexter Lehtinen]]
! scope="row" | [[Dexter Lehtinen]]
| Former [[United States Attorney for the Southern District of Florida|U.S. attorney for the southern district of Florida]]
| former [[United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida|U.S. attorney for Southern District of Florida]]
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[R. Fred Lewis]]
! scope="row" | [[R. Fred Lewis]]
| Chief justice, [[Florida Supreme Court]]
| former chief justice, [[Supreme Court of Florida]]
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Russell Maryland]]
! scope="row" | [[Russell Maryland]]
| Former professional football player, [[Dallas Cowboys]], [[Green Bay Packers]] and [[Oakland Raiders]]
| former professional football player, [[Dallas Cowboys]], [[Green Bay Packers]], and [[Oakland Raiders]]
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Jackie Nespral]]
! scope="row" | [[Jackie Nespral]]
|[[WTVJ]] and [[NBC News]] anchor
| [[WTVJ]] and [[NBC News]] anchor
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Alex Penelas]]
! scope="row" | [[Alex Penelas]]
| Former mayor, [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]]<ref>[http://www6.miami.edu/news/everitas/2003-04/03-04-04.htm E.Veritas. For the Faculty and Staff of the University of Miami.] University of Miami. March 4, 2004. Retrieved November 28, 2014</ref>
| former mayor, [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]]<ref>[http://www6.miami.edu/news/everitas/2003-04/03-04-04.htm E.Veritas. For the Faculty and Staff of the University of Miami.] University of Miami. March 4, 2004. Retrieved November 28, 2014</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Jon Secada]]
! scope="row" | [[Jon Secada]]
Line 59: Line 86:
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Donna Shalala]]
! scope="row" | [[Donna Shalala]]
| Former president of the [[University of Miami]], [[United States Secretary of Health and Human Services|U.S. secretary of Health and Human Services]], and [[Clinton Foundation]] president
| former president of the [[University of Miami]], [[United States Secretary of Health and Human Services|U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services]], and [[Clinton Foundation]] president
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[José Szapocznik]]
! scope="row" | [[José Szapocznik]]
| [[clinical psychology|Clinical psychologist]]
| [[clinical psychology|clinical psychologist]]
|-
! scope="row" |[[Robert H. Traurig]]
| founder of [[Greenberg Traurig]]
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Lauryn Williams]]
! scope="row" | [[Lauryn Williams]]
| [[2004 Summer Olympics]] silver medalist, women's 100-meter sprint
| [[2004 Summer Olympics|2004 Olympics]] silver medalist in women's [[100 metres at the Olympics|100-metres]]
|}
|}


==Notes==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.ironarrow.com Official website]
*[http://www.ironarrow.com Official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100109011845/http://www.ironarrow.com/ |date=2010-01-09 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091120021357/http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html "Arrow Heads", ''Miami Magazine'', University of Miami alumni magazine, Fall 2000]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091120021357/http://www6.miami.edu/miami-magazine/fall00/arrowheads.html "Arrow Heads", ''Miami Magazine'', University of Miami alumni magazine, Fall 2000]


{{University of Miami}}
{{University of Miami}}

{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


[[Category:Organizations established in 1926]]
[[Category:1926 establishments in Florida]]
⚫
[[Category:History of women's rights in the United States]]
[[Category:Honor societies]]
[[Category:Honor societies]]
[[Category:Secret societies in the United States]]
[[Category:Student organizations established in 1926]]
[[Category:Student societies in the United States]]
[[Category:Student societies in the United States]]
[[Category:University of Miami]]
[[Category:University of Miami]]
[[Category:1983 in law]]
⚫
[[Category:History of women's rights in the United States]]

Latest revision as of 20:19, 23 October 2024

Iron Arrow Honor Society
Founded1926; 99 years ago (1926)
University of Miami
TypeHonor Society
AffiliationIndependent
StatusActive
EmphasisScholarship and leadership
ScopeLocal
Chapters1
HeadquartersP.O. Box 248688
Coral Gables, Florida 33124
United States
Websiteironarrow.miami.edu
The distinctive Seminole patchwork jackets worn by members of the University of Miami's Iron Arrow Honor Society, the highest honor bestowed by the university

The Iron Arrow Honor Society is an honor society at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida for students, faculty, staff, and alumni. It is the highest honor that the university can bestow upon someone.[1]

Founded at the University of Miami in 1926, the society admits about thirty members annually, including undergraduate, School of Law and Miller School of Medicine students, alumni, and University of Miami faculty, staff, and administrators. Membership requires unanimous votes of the membership. Criteria include scholarship, leadership, character, humility, and love of alma mater.

History

[edit]

The society was founded in 1926 as the "Highest Honor Attained by Men." In 1937, Nu Kappa Tau, a separate sister organization at the university, was founded as "The Highest Honor Attained by Women." In 1966, Nu Kappa Tau became affiliated with the national honor society Mortar Board, "leaving Iron Arrow to carry the tradition alone."[2][3]

In 1976, the federal government notified the University of Miami that it was providing significant assistance to Iron Arrow in violation of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. The university responded by having Iron Arrow move its tapping ceremony off campus and negotiated with it to accept women members. Iron Arrow, in turn, sued the federal government seeking the right to continue on campus as a male-only organization.

In 1982, university president Edward T. Foote II wrote Iron Arrow stating that regardless of the court case's outcome, Iron Arrow would not be allowed back on campus as a male-only organization. This rendered the court case moot before it was scheduled to be heard in 1983 by the U.S. Supreme Court in Iron Arrow Honor Soc. v. Heckler (464 U.S. 67).[4]

In 1985, breaking with over fifty years of tradition, the society's all-male membership voted to admit women and Iron Arrow was allowed back on campus.

Iron Arrow Honor Society has been the subject of two books, Iron Arrow: A History (published in 1976) and Iron Arrow: A History, Seventy-Five Years (published in 2001).

In 2022, the University of Miami's student senate passed a resolution calling for the disaffiliation of the society from the university.[5]

Symbols

[edit]

The Iron Arrow Honor Society adopted Seminole Indian motifs for its symbolism, including the regalia of a Seminole-themed jacket worn as its emblem. A version of this jacket serves as the identifying logo on its website.[3]

Controversies

[edit]

In July 2020, Iron Arrow faced criticism from some in the University of Miami community and some Native Americans for "cultural appropriation," though the Iron Arrow Honor Society is an officially sanctioned clan of the Miccosukee tribe of Florida.[6]

Notable members

[edit]
Dante Fascell
Gloria Estefan
Name Notability
Bowman Foster Ashe former president of the University of Miami
Xavier Cortada artist
Gloria Estefan Grammy Award-winning singer and songwriter[7]
Dante Fascell former U.S. member of Congress
Michael Johns health care executive and former White House presidential speechwriter
Dexter Lehtinen former U.S. attorney for Southern District of Florida
R. Fred Lewis former chief justice, Supreme Court of Florida
Russell Maryland former professional football player, Dallas Cowboys, Green Bay Packers, and Oakland Raiders
Jackie Nespral WTVJ and NBC News anchor
Alex Penelas former mayor, Miami-Dade County[8]
Jon Secada Grammy Award-winning musician
Donna Shalala former president of the University of Miami, U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, and Clinton Foundation president
José Szapocznik clinical psychologist
Robert H. Traurig founder of Greenberg Traurig
Lauryn Williams 2004 Olympics silver medalist in women's 100-metres

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Arrow Heads," Miami magazine, Fall 2000
  2. ^ Chapman, Cheryl (Fall 2000). "Arrow Heads". Miami Magazine (alumni publication). Archived from the original on 2009-11-20. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
  3. ^ a b Femmer, Randolph (1976). Iron Arrow: A History. Thad Kock Jr (Illust) (1st ed.). Coral Gables, Florida: Iron Arrow Honor Society - University of Miami. p. 174.
  4. ^ "Iron Arrow Honor Society v. Heckler, 464 U.S. 67 (1983)". FindLaw.
  5. ^ Jacoby, Jenny (2022-05-05). "Senate passes bill to remove Iron Arrow as highest honor - The Miami Hurricane". themiamihurricane.com. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
  6. ^ "Native American students call for changes within Iron Arrow," The Miami Hurricane, July 27, 2020, retrieved July 27, 2020
  7. ^ Estefan Tapped into Iron Arrow Archived 2014-06-09 at the Wayback Machine News Releases. University of Miami. April 22, 2014. Retrieved November 28, 2014
  8. ^ E.Veritas. For the Faculty and Staff of the University of Miami. University of Miami. March 4, 2004. Retrieved November 28, 2014
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Iron_Arrow_Honor_Society&oldid=1252982516"